CN100491598C - Starting method of aluminum electrolytic bath - Google Patents

Starting method of aluminum electrolytic bath Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100491598C
CN100491598C CNB2006100008634A CN200610000863A CN100491598C CN 100491598 C CN100491598 C CN 100491598C CN B2006100008634 A CNB2006100008634 A CN B2006100008634A CN 200610000863 A CN200610000863 A CN 200610000863A CN 100491598 C CN100491598 C CN 100491598C
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electrolyzer
anode
ionogen
electrolytic bath
aluminium
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CN1818142A (en
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邱仕麟
李旺兴
董少森
柴登鹏
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Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a starting method of an aluminum electrolytic bath. The present invention is characterized in that when the bath voltage of the electrolytic bath rises above 2.0V, theThe invention is about the starting method of an aluminum cell. The load energy can't meet the starting condition because of the drift of anode current when the load voltage rises above the 2.0V. it c current bias of anode current is serious, and the input energy of the electrolytic bath can not make the temperature of the electrolytic bath rise to starting conditions; electrolytes with low meltinan add the low melting electrolyte into the electrobath according to the temperature of the bath(700-920DEG C) to create the liquid electrolyte under the anode bottom, so the voltage can adjusted to ag points can be compounded according to the actual temperature (700-920DEG. C) of the electrolytic bath and added into the electrolytic bath, which causes liquid electrolytes to be produced under the bove 2.5V to rise the temperature for the starting condition. anode bottom, so the distribution of the current bias of the anode current is in acceptable conditions, which causes that the bath voltage of the electrolytic bath can be adjusted over 2.5 V and the temperature of the electrolytic bath rises to the starting conditions to safely start the electrolytic bath.

Description

A kind of startup method of aluminium cell
Technical field
A kind of startup method of aluminium cell relates to the startup method of the electrolyzer in a kind of Aluminium Electrolysis process.
Background technology
The electrolysis temperature of the normal operation of electrolysis of aluminum is generally between 930-970 ℃.A newly-built electrolyzer must be heated to normal electrolysis temperature from room temperature, and makes the process of its ordinary production be called the roasting and starting and the final-period management of electrolyzer.The precondition of traditional baking start-up method is all supposed to work out under the fully normal situation of electrolyzer.Owing to the reason or the environmental factors of operation process itself, can run into many improper situations in the production, this just needs us to study counter-measure and way is handled these improper situations.Stop groove because burner hearth problem aluminium liquid taking-up amount is on the low side etc. as uncertain power outage, plan, in electrolyzer resumes production process, when adopting traditional baking start-up method can't or to need the long period electrobath start could be got up, lack counter-measure and way.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists at above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of when adopting traditional baking start-up method can't or to need the long period electrobath start could be got up, the startup method of the aluminium cell that electrolyzer can be started up safely according to plan steadily.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of startup method of aluminium cell, it is characterized in that when the electrolyzer cut starting, when electrolytic bath voltage rises to more than the 2.0V, the serious bias current of anodic current, electrolyzer intake can not satisfy electrolyzer temperature rise to entry condition, when aluminium liquid or electrolyzer internal temperature reach 700-920 ℃, with the weight item ratio be: AlF 320%-70%, Al 2O 30-10%, CaF 20-20%, MgF 20-20%, LiF 0-20%, Na 3AlF 6For the low melting point ionogen of surplus directly or the fusing back add in the electrolyzer, make and produce liquid electrolyte in the electrolyzer; Again bath voltage is lifted on progressively, and remained on 1.4-70V and start fully to electrolyzer; The composition of adjusting the extremely normal electrolysis requirement of ionogen composition in the electrolyzer again carries out electrolysis production.
Method of the present invention, when it is characterized in that adding the low melting point ionogen in electrolyzer, electrolyzer can be served total current, normal conduction, bath voltage at 1.2-5V; The anode of anode more than 70% can normally conduct electricity, and distribution of current is even substantially, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.
Method of the present invention, when it is characterized in that adding the low melting point ionogen in electrolyzer, anode lifting mechanism is working properly.
Method of the present invention, it is characterized in that electrobath start resumes production after, the electrolysis temperature of electrolyzer is kept exceeding 5 ℃ of normal electrolysis temperatures, the low 1-3cm of the normal aluminium level of aluminium liquor ratio, it is normal to distribute to anodic current, and electrolyzer is returned to normal production.
Adopt method of the present invention, when electrolytic bath voltage rises to more than the 2.0V, the anodic current bias current is serious, when the electrolyzer intake can not satisfy electrolyzer temperature and rises to entry condition, can join in the electrolyzer according to electrolyzer actual temperature preparation low melting point ionogen, make and produce liquid electrolyte below the anode bottom, thereby electrolyzer is under the acceptable terms in anodic current distribution bias current, make electrolytic bath voltage can adjust to more than the 2.5V, make electrolyzer temperature rise to the electrobath start condition, safety is got up electrobath start steadily.
Embodiment
A kind of startup method of aluminium cell, when the electrolyzer cut starting, when electrolytic bath voltage rises to more than the 2.0V, the serious bias current of anodic current, when the electrolyzer intake can not satisfy electrolyzer temperature and rises to entry condition, when aluminium liquid or electrolyzer internal temperature reach 700-920 ℃, with weight item be: AlF 320%-70%, Al 2O 30-10%, CaF 20-20%, MgF 20-20%, LiF 0-20%, Na 3AlF 6For the low melting point ionogen of surplus directly or the fusing back add in the electrolyzer, make and produce liquid electrolyte in the electrolyzer; Again bath voltage is lifted on progressively, and remained on 1.4-70V and start fully to electrolyzer; The composition of adjusting the extremely normal electrolysis requirement of ionogen composition in the electrolyzer again carries out electrolysis production.
At first, electrolyzer can be served total current, and normal conduction.Be bath voltage between 1.2-5V, anode conducting is normal substantially, 70% anode can normally conduct electricity, and distribution of current is even substantially, maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.This condition is the principle that whole process need is grasped.If do not reach this requirement, can adopt the method for adjusting single anode height or take the insulating way, make electrolyzer conduction situation reach this requirement.
Secondly, anode lifting mechanism is working properly.Both when not having liquid aluminium, when anode hoister structure crawl rose, bath voltage can obviously raise, and when crawl descended, bath voltage can recover original value again substantially.When liquid aluminium, the anode hoister structure descends, and anode can descend; During rising, anode can rise.If can not reach this requirement, big of electrolyzer is removed in employing and the microcephaly is solidified ionogen or incrustive way solves.
More than two conditions from the operation process security standpoint.
1, preparation is used for the low melting point ionogen that calcination starts usefulness, and its composition is: AlF 320-70%, Al 2O 30-10%, CaF 20-20%, MgF 20-20%, LiF 0-20%, Na 3AlF 6Surplus.A selected suitable component is mixed with required low melting point ionogen.
2, when aluminium liquid or electrolyzer internal temperature reach 750 ℃ of left and right sides, with the low melting point ionogen of preparation directly or the fusing back add in the electrolyzer, make and produce liquid electrolyte in the electrolyzer.
3, along with the generation of liquid electrolyte, bath voltage is lifted on can be progressively, and bath voltage can keep in the scope of 1.4-70V.The height of actual bath voltage can be adjusted according to the requirement of groove temperature lift velocity, starts fully until electrolyzer.
4, behind the electrobath start, can in time adjust electrolyte ingredient, avoid electrolyte superheat degree excessive, cause the thermal shocking excessive electrolyzer according to the electrolyte ingredient situation.
5, after electrolyzer resumed production, because furnace bottom is unclean, the electrolysis temperature of electrolyzer can suitably keep higher, generally can exceed about 5 ℃ of normal electrolysis temperatures; Aluminum liquid horizontal suitably reduces, generally than the low 1-3cm of normal aluminium level.Note simultaneously strengthening anodic current distribution tests frequency, adjust the anode height, make electrolyzer recover normal as early as possible.
Further specify below in conjunction with concrete embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Potline current 150kA, electrolyzer from having a power failure to implementing the inventive method before, bath voltage keeps 1.6-2.2V, 144 hours, anodic current distribution tests result showed that 20% anode is non-conductive, 805 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid.Anode can lifting.The place of electrolyzer sidepiece 30% does not have side wall carbon block.The power failure front side portion has everywhere, and stove group idol has rubescent.Groove days running 1700 days.Adopted multiple other method, all can't make electrobath start.
Enforcement of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation low melting point ionogen, its composition is 2 parts of common ice spar (molecular ratio 2.0-2.2), 5 parts of industrial aluminum fluorides, MgF 212%.
2, big the limit portion of electrolyzer that will prepare the enforcement startup respectively opens two long 500mm of being not less than, the wide hole that is not less than 100mm, and aluminium flowing-out mouth and flue end are respectively opened a long 300mm of being not less than, the wide hole that is not less than 100mm.The hole of opening requires to see aluminium liquid.
3, bath voltage rises to about 2.8V, adjusts anodic current and distributes, and guarantees that 70% anode can normally conduct electricity, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.
4, add the low melting point ionogen, and agitation as appropriate, quicken the low melting point electrolyte melting, after 2 hours, the very thin ionogen of one deck can be seen in aluminium liquid surface, and after 4 hours, bath voltage can rise to about 4V, and is more even when anodic current distributes than beginning.Temperature of aluminum liquid rises to 850 ℃.The liquid electrolyte amount stops to add the low melting point ionogen about 0.5-3cm, 1.4 tons of the total consumptions of low melting point ionogen.
5, keep bath voltage 4-5V, when serious, bath voltage can keep by lower limit, otherwise keeps by the upper limit as the distribution of current bias current.The interior liquid electrolyte of electrolyzer reaches 10cm after 8 hours, 930 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, and except that the problematic anode of anode itself was non-conductive, all anodes all conducted electricity, and the maximum electric conduction quantity of anode is no more than 200% of average electric conduction quantity.
6, the bad anode that swaps out is waited for effect, utilizes effect cleaning anode bottom, drags for breeze.When the bath surface crust becomes white, after ionogen is limpid, seal big face and anode, tank control cabinet recovers control automatically, and alumina blanking is set to the amount of owing state, and electrolyzer temperature control is no more than 980 ℃, between the bath voltage control 4.5-4.8.Note adjusting electrolyte level, avoiding steel is grabbed.
7, adjust electrolyte ingredient.After ionogen is limpid, the sampling analysis molecular ratio.Adjust about molecular ratio to 2.6.After this in 2 weeks, make electrolyte ingredient and the bath voltage level that returns to normal production.
8, strengthen aluminum yield, it is lower than the ordinary production that electrolyzer recovers its current efficiency of back.But can go out aluminium by ordinary production, even have more 50-100kg.Suitably stayed aluminium in the second month.Make electrolyzer recover standard state.
Thereafter, the electrolyzer operation is normal.
Embodiment 2
Potline current 200kA, electrolyzer from having a power failure to implementing the inventive method before, bath voltage keeps 1.35-1.6V, 144 hours, anodic current distribution tests result showed that 20% anode is non-conductive, 710 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid.Anode can lifting.Groove days running 120 days.Adopted multiple other method, all can't make electrobath start.
Enforcement of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation low melting point ionogen, its composition is 7 parts of common ice spar (molecular ratio 2.0-2.2), 2 parts of industrial aluminum fluorides add fluorite 10%.
2, bath voltage rises to about 2.0V, keeps after 7 hours, and temperature of aluminum liquid gos up to 760 ℃ in the electrolyzer.
3, big of electrolyzer, aluminium flowing-out mouth and the flue end limit portion that will prepare implement to start all opens and sees aluminium liquid.The adjustment anodic current distributes, and guarantees that 70% anode can normally conduct electricity, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.
4, add the low melting point ionogen, and agitation as appropriate, quicken the low melting point electrolyte melting, bath voltage keeps 3.5-4.5V, after 2 hours, the very thin ionogen of one deck can be seen in aluminium liquid surface, bath voltage keeps 4.5-7.5V, and after 5 hours, bath voltage keeps 5.5-13.5V, electrolyte temperature rises to 890 ℃ and stops to add the low melting point ionogen, 1.2 tons of the total consumptions of low melting point ionogen.
5, after 6 hours, 930 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, the liquid electrolyte amount is about 5-8cm, and bath voltage keeps 6-7V, and except that the problematic anode of anode itself was non-conductive, all anodes all conducted electricity, and the maximum electric conduction quantity of anode is no more than 200% of average electric conduction quantity.
6, the bad anode that swaps out is waited for effect, utilizes effect cleaning anode bottom, drags for breeze.When the bath surface crust becomes white, after ionogen is limpid, seal big face and anode, tank control cabinet recovers control automatically, and alumina blanking is set to the amount of owing state, and electrolyzer temperature control is no more than 980 ℃, between the bath voltage control 4.5-4.8.Note adjusting electrolyte level, avoiding steel is grabbed.
7, adjust electrolyte ingredient.After ionogen is limpid, the sampling analysis molecular ratio.Adjust about molecular ratio to 2.5.After this in 2 weeks, make electrolyte ingredient and the bath voltage level that returns to normal production.
8, strengthen aluminum yield, it is lower than the ordinary production that electrolyzer recovers its current efficiency of back.But can go out aluminium by ordinary production, even have more 100-200kg.Suitably stayed aluminium in the second month.Make electrolyzer recover standard state.
Embodiment 3
Potline current 160kA, electrolyzer from having a power failure to implementing the inventive method before, bath voltage keeps 1.35-1.6V, 144 hours, anodic current distribution tests result showed that 20% anode is non-conductive, 710 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid.Anode can lifting.Groove days running 120 days.Adopted multiple other method, all can't make electrobath start.
Enforcement of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation low melting point ionogen, its composition is 7 parts of common ice spar (molecular ratio 2.0-2.2), 1 part of industrial aluminum fluoride, Al 2O 32%, CaF 25%, MgF 210%, LiF 3%, Na 3AlF 6Surplus.
2, bath voltage rises to about 2.0V, keeps after 7 hours, and temperature of aluminum liquid gos up to 760 ℃ in the electrolyzer.
3, big of electrolyzer, aluminium flowing-out mouth and the flue end limit portion that will prepare implement to start all opens and sees aluminium liquid.The adjustment anodic current distributes, and guarantees that 70% anode can normally conduct electricity, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.
4, add the low melting point ionogen, and agitation as appropriate, quicken the low melting point electrolyte melting, bath voltage keeps 2.5-3.5V, after 4 hours, the very thin ionogen of one deck can be seen in aluminium liquid surface, bath voltage keeps 3.5-5.5V, and after 5 hours, bath voltage keeps 8.5-13.5V, electrolyte temperature rises to 890 ℃ and stops to add the low melting point ionogen, 2.2 tons of the total consumptions of low melting point ionogen.
5, after 6 hours, 930 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, the liquid electrolyte amount is about 5-8cm, and bath voltage keeps 6-7V, and except that the problematic anode of anode itself was non-conductive, all anodes all conducted electricity, and the maximum electric conduction quantity of anode is no more than 200% of average electric conduction quantity.
6, the bad anode that swaps out is waited for effect, utilizes effect cleaning anode bottom, drags for breeze.When the bath surface crust becomes white, after ionogen is limpid, seal big face and anode, tank control cabinet recovers control automatically, and alumina blanking is set to the amount of owing state, and electrolyzer temperature control is no more than 980 ℃, between the bath voltage control 4.5-4.8.Note adjusting electrolyte level, avoiding steel is grabbed.
7, adjust electrolyte ingredient.After ionogen is limpid, the sampling analysis molecular ratio.Adjust about molecular ratio to 2.5.After this in 2 weeks, make electrolyte ingredient and the bath voltage level that returns to normal production.
8, strengthen aluminum yield, it is lower than the ordinary production that electrolyzer recovers its current efficiency of back.But can go out aluminium by ordinary production, even have more 100-200kg.Suitably stayed aluminium in the second month.Make electrolyzer recover standard state.
Embodiment 4
Potline current 300kA, electrolyzer from having a power failure to implementing the inventive method before, bath voltage keeps 1.6-2.2V, 144 hours, anodic current distribution tests result showed that 20% anode is non-conductive, 805 ℃ of temperature of aluminum liquid.Anode can lifting.The place of electrolyzer sidepiece 30% does not have side wall carbon block.The power failure front side portion has everywhere, and stove group idol has rubescent.Groove days running 1700 days.Adopted multiple other method, all can't make electrobath start.
Enforcement of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation low melting point ionogen, its composition is 4 parts of common ice spar (molecular ratio 2.0-2.2), 3 parts of industrial aluminum fluorides, MgF 21%, Na 3AlF 6Surplus.
2, big the limit portion of electrolyzer that will prepare the enforcement startup respectively opens two long 500mm of being not less than, the wide hole that is not less than 100mm, and aluminium flowing-out mouth and flue end are respectively opened a long 300mm of being not less than, the wide hole that is not less than 100mm.The hole of opening requires to see aluminium liquid.
3, bath voltage rises to about 2.6V, adjusts anodic current and distributes, and guarantees that 70% anode can normally conduct electricity, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 300% of average electric conduction quantity.
4, add the low melting point ionogen, and agitation as appropriate, quicken the low melting point electrolyte melting, after 4 hours, the very thin ionogen of one deck can be seen in aluminium liquid surface.After this, bath voltage can rise to about 3.5-4.5V, and is more even when anodic current distributes than beginning.Temperature of aluminum liquid rises to 850 ℃.The liquid electrolyte amount stops to add the low melting point ionogen about 0.5-3cm, 1.1 tons of the total consumptions of low melting point ionogen.
5, keep bath voltage 4-5V, when serious, bath voltage can keep by lower limit, otherwise keeps by the upper limit as the distribution of current bias current.The interior liquid electrolyte of electrolyzer reaches 10cm after 9 hours, 940 ℃ of electrolyte temperatures, and except that the problematic anode of anode itself was non-conductive, all anodes all conducted electricity, and the maximum electric conduction quantity of anode is no more than 200% of average electric conduction quantity.
6, the bad anode that swaps out is waited for effect, utilizes effect cleaning anode bottom, drags for breeze.When the bath surface crust becomes white, after ionogen is limpid, seal big face and anode, tank control cabinet recovers control automatically, and alumina blanking is set to the amount of owing state, and electrolyzer temperature control is no more than 980 ℃, between the bath voltage control 4.5-4.8.Note adjusting electrolyte level, avoiding steel is grabbed.
7, adjust electrolyte ingredient.After ionogen is limpid, the sampling analysis molecular ratio.Adjust about molecular ratio to 2.6.After this in 2 weeks, make electrolyte ingredient and the bath voltage level that returns to normal production.
8, strengthen aluminum yield, it is lower than the ordinary production that electrolyzer recovers its current efficiency of back.But can go out aluminium by ordinary production, even have more 200-400kg.Suitably stayed aluminium in the second month.Make electrolyzer recover standard state.
Thereafter, the electrolyzer operation is normal.

Claims (4)

1. the startup method of an aluminium cell, it is characterized in that when the electrolyzer cut starting, when electrolytic bath voltage rises to more than the 2.0V, the serious bias current of anodic current, electrolyzer intake can not satisfy electrolyzer temperature rise to entry condition, when aluminium liquid or electrolyzer internal temperature reach 700-920 ℃, with weight item be: AlF 320%-70%, Al 2O 30-10%, CaF 20-20%, MgF 20-20%, LiF 0-20%, Na 3AlF 6For the low melting point ionogen of surplus directly or the fusing back add in the electrolyzer, make and produce liquid electrolyte in the electrolyzer; Again bath voltage is lifted on progressively, and remained on 1.4-70V and start fully to electrolyzer; The composition of adjusting the extremely normal electrolysis requirement of ionogen composition in the electrolyzer again carries out electrolysis production.
2. the startup method of a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that adding the low melting point ionogen in electrolyzer, electrolyzer can be served total current, normal conduction, bath voltage at 1.2-5V; The anode of anode more than 70% can normally conduct electricity, and distribution of current is even substantially, and maximum electric conduction quantity is not more than 350% of average electric conduction quantity.
3. the startup method of a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that adding the low melting point ionogen in electrolyzer, anode lifting mechanism is working properly.
4. the startup method of a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that electrobath start resumes production, the electrolysis temperature of electrolyzer is kept exceeding 5 ℃ of normal electrolysis temperatures, the low 1-3cm of the normal aluminium level of aluminium liquor ratio, it is normal to distribute to anodic current, and electrolyzer is returned to normal production.
CNB2006100008634A 2006-01-16 2006-01-16 Starting method of aluminum electrolytic bath Active CN100491598C (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101270482B (en) * 2007-03-22 2012-05-30 山西华圣铝业有限公司 Starting method for aluminum cell
CN103088366B (en) * 2013-02-27 2015-09-02 云南铝业股份有限公司 The energy-efficient hot-fluid coke grain calcination startup method of a kind of electrolysis of aluminum
CN110592617B (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-06-15 青海物产工业投资有限公司 Secondary starting method for full-series power failure of aluminum electrolysis cell

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1014992A1 (en) * 1981-11-26 1983-04-30 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Method for starting-up and putting in normal operation electrolytic cell for producing aluminium
SU1404554A1 (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-06-23 Иркутский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Electrolyte for starting an aluminium electrolyzer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1014992A1 (en) * 1981-11-26 1983-04-30 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Method for starting-up and putting in normal operation electrolytic cell for producing aluminium
SU1404554A1 (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-06-23 Иркутский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Electrolyte for starting an aluminium electrolyzer

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