CN100491048C - Beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device - Google Patents
Beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100491048C CN100491048C CN 200710041118 CN200710041118A CN100491048C CN 100491048 C CN100491048 C CN 100491048C CN 200710041118 CN200710041118 CN 200710041118 CN 200710041118 A CN200710041118 A CN 200710041118A CN 100491048 C CN100491048 C CN 100491048C
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- rotating disk
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Abstract
A dichroic laser texturing and regulating device for laser texturing process comprised a continuous laser generator, an expanding telescope, a dichroic turntable, a light beam conversion and combination mirror, a focusing mirror and a roller. The expanding telescope is positioned between the continuous laser generator and the focusing mirror, the dichroic turntable and the light beam conversion and combination mirror is disposed between the expanding telescopes, the dichroic turntable is inserted between the light beam conversion and combination mirror, and the focusing mirror is located above the roller. The continuous laser beam given off by the continuous laser generator becomes pulse light after splitted by the revolving dichroic turntable, the light beam conversion and combination mirror implements light path shift and conversion of light beam reflected and splitted by the dichroic turntable, finally the pulse laser beam is focused to the roller by the focusing mirror after being expanded by the expanding telescope. Accordingly, the texturing roller surface processed by the laser regulating device of the invention has isotropy and even roughness, and higher wearability.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of beam Propagation system that is used for technical field of laser processing, particularly a kind of beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device that is used for laser roughening processing.
Background technology
Laser roughening is the steel and iron industry cold rolling steel rider texturing new technology that newly-developed gets up in order to produce quality steel plate.During the laser roughening roll, the pulse laser beam of high-energy-density, high repetition frequency assembles shining roller surface, forms some small molten baths, and the fused mass in the assist gas side-blowing bath is stacked into melt tank edge by the appointment requirement simultaneously; After the light pulse effect stopped, little hole fused mass cooled off rapidly, formed case-hardened little hole and limit, hole boss structure.Modulation forms pulse laser to continuous laser through the Laser Modulation dish, is used for the texturing of metallurgical roller, can improve uniformity of surface roughness and isotropism.High repeat frequency pulsed laser is to obtain high-peak power, reduces the effective ways of heat affected area.YAG adjusting Q pulse laser pattern is relatively poor, and mean power is lower, and surface roughness is not high when being used for the texturing process of large-scale cold roller, and texturing efficient is lower, adopts the CO of high light beam quality
2Continuous laser carries out can overcoming these deficiencies after the impulse modulation.
Find through literature search prior art, U.S. Pat 4,462,660 and US4,885,751, and Chinese patent: a kind of rotating disk (99814313.8) that is used for Laser Modulation, a kind of Laser Modulation dish is provided, and card has the open-work of equidistant circle distribution, and it is tetragonal reflection tooth that open-work and card form the cross section.When laser beam passes through open-work, form pit on the machined object surface, then reflector laser arrives processed object plane generation preheating and quenching effect when laser beam shines on the reflection tooth.Yet this reflector space does not always mate with the direct irradiation zone, and this causes the preheating zone little to the texturing effect.When focusing length in short-term, preheating or quenching effect are not remarkable, chopper disk is in the light not exclusively.Chopper disk is necessary near machined surface, otherwise can process continuous helix but not isolated texturing point.Obtain pulse laser beam by the mechanical type chopper disk that rotates is at a high speed placed between condenser lens and the workpiece, rotating disk can pollute chopper disk during Laser Processing from the workpiece close together.In addition, this device focusing distance is longer, be difficult to obtain smaller focal spot, and spot size and position also can't be adjusted, chopper disk is complex-shaped, can't obtain satisfied machining accuracy, and resistance is bigger during the chopper disk rotation, being difficult to reach per minute 10,000 changes above rotating speed, also can exert an influence to the side-blown of assist gas.Therefore the light beam modulating device needs redesign.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device is provided, make it improve CO
2The quality of laser roughening roll, according to conversion and the transmission characteristic of light beam through optical system, adopt out of focus formula telescope and optical beam transformation combined lens system that laser beam is expanded bundle, collimation, focuses on, its mechanical type beam split rotating disk makes continuous laser be modulated into the pulse laser of setpoint frequency, when laser beam passes through the chopper disk open-work, can form the texturing hole of certain roughness and density pattern at roller surface.When laser beam reflexes to finished surface by the optical beam transformation combined lens, carry out preheating and quenching, simultaneously can regulate the focal position and defocus degree, reach the effect of texturing after the first preheating.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes continuous laser generator, beam expanding telescope, beam split rotating disk, optical beam transformation combined lens, focus lamp and roll.Beam expanding telescope is between continuous laser generator and focus lamp, and beam split rotating disk and optical beam transformation combined lens are between beam expanding telescope, and the beam split rotating disk is inserted in the middle of the optical beam transformation combined lens, and focus lamp is positioned at the roll top.The continuous laser beam that continuous laser generator is sent, become pulsed light after the beam split rotating disk beam split through rotation, the light beam of optical beam transformation combined lens after to beam split rotating disk reflection beam splitting carries out light path displacement and conversion, and the final pulse laser beam is focused on the roll by focus lamp after beam expanding telescope expands bundle.
Described optical beam transformation combined lens is by first parabolic mirror, second parabolic mirror and first plane mirror, second plane mirror is formed, first parabolic mirror, second parabolic mirror lays respectively at the beam split rotating disk left and right sides, first plane mirror, second plane mirror lays respectively at first parabolic mirror, the second parabolic mirror downside, incident beam can transfer light path by coalescence by first parabolic mirror after the reflection of beam split disk upper surface, light beam is through first plane mirror then, after second plane mirror changes direction, converge to reflection output on the beam split rotating disk bottom surface by second parabolic mirror again, can the move up and down relative position of second parabolic mirror and second plane mirror and beam split rotating disk is to change the waist spot size and the position of reflection output beam.First parabolic mirror, second parabolic mirror and beam expanding telescope are confocal mutually, the laser beam that continuous laser generator is sent, incoming laser beam behind the process beam expanding telescope object lens and beam split rotating disk are out of focus to the beam focus of its reflection lasering beam to the beam split rotating disk, the beam focus that is converged on the beam split rotating disk by second parabolic mirror also is an out of focus to the beam split rotating disk in addition, the design of defocusing amount will guarantee that the power density of pip on the beam split rotating disk satisfies the heat radiation requirement, can adopt air-cooled the heat radiation.
Described beam split rotating disk circumference has the open-work that a determining deviation distributes, and the aperture is greater than the launching spot size, and hole wall and beam split rotating disk outer surface angle are 45
0The last reflecting surface of beam split rotating disk is parallel with bottom surface, the beam split disk upper surface is towards beam expanding telescope object lens and incoming laser beam, bottom surface is towards the beam expanding telescope eyepiece, the beam split rotating disk left side first parabolic mirror in the optical beam transformation combined lens, the beam split rotating disk right side second parabolic mirror in the optical beam transformation combined lens is 45 between beam split rotating disk and incoming laser beam optical axis
0Angle, out of focus is placed near beam expanding telescope and the parabolic reflector mirror foci, and the beam split rotating disk is driven around its central shaft rotation by high-speed electric expreess locomotive, and the beam split rotating disk adopts conductive material copper, aluminium or steel, beam split rotating disk reflecting surface is coated with copper film or golden film, to improve the reflectivity of reflecting surface.
The present invention is in order to reach the focusing requirement of texturing roll, adopt beam expanding telescope conversion Gaussian beam, incident beam is expanded bundle, collimation and focusing, with the laser beam high concentration in surface of the work, obtain the spot diameter and the energy density of setting, can regulate the beam waist position that expands bundle telescopic system outgoing beam by regulating misalignment rate.Employing parabolic reflector and plane combinations of reflections mirror reflect laser beam and focus on, adopt reflection lasering beam to carry out preheating, transmission laser Shu Jinhang texturing, transmitted light beam focus on and form a little consolidation impact zone under the surface of the work, and reflection lasering beam also can be transformed into the texturing light beam.Beam split rotating disk and combined focus mirror distance treat that the surface of texturing processing is enough far to avoid pollution.The skew of beam axis is regulated by moving this combined lens position, and then influences the position and the size of preheating focal beam spot, and the preheating spot intensity is adjusted near the processed material fusing point, and the preheating zone covers whole texturing hot spot.
During work, continuous laser generator laser treatment head moves along the roll of rotation, the beam split rotating disk is rotated counterclockwise, roll turns clockwise, when laser beam by beam split rotating disk reflecting surface reflex time, laser beam carries out preheating and reinforcement by optical beam transformation combined lens breaker roll surface behind reflect focalization.When the beam split rotating disk forwards open-work to, laser beam focuses on roller surface by beam expanding telescope, focus lamp and melts, the texturing zone must be dropped on the preheating zone, just can reach good pre-heat effect and texturing effect, its power density forms the texturing pattern of fire pit shape, extreme hardness under the effect of side-blown air-flow more than hundreds of kilowatt.The determining of preheating and texturing luminous point side-play amount regulated by adjusting device according to the material behavior on processed surface and motion, geometric parameter, such as focus, pulse frequency, processing speed etc.Customized parameter makes the reflect focalization hot spot have identical focal spot size and energy density with the transmission focal spot in addition, and certain at interval distance, realizes the effect of two point texturing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the specific (special) requirements in the laser roughening processing, utilize high-power CO
2Laser instrument and beam split rotating disk breaker roll carry out texturing, its mean power is generally 1.3～2.5kW, and modulating frequency is 2kHz～35kHz, adopts the side-blown of inertia assist gas, finally can obtain the fire pit shape texturing point of uniform separation, texturing speed can reach per second more than 10,000.New pattern laser bundle modulation beam splitting system has improved CO
2The quality of laser roughening roll adopts mechanical type beam split rotating disk to make laser beam replace transmission and reflexes to finished surface, reaches the effect of texturing after the first preheating or two point texturing.The present invention can obtain reasonably focal beam spot and energy density, can make texturing point realize effective preheating quenching and texturing; The texturing roller surface of processing has the roughness of isotropism and uniformity, and texturing hardness can reach more than the HV900, and the texturing roll has higher wearability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a beam split turntable structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a beam split rotating disk cutaway view of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
In order to obtain higher texturing power density, and make focus lamp away from processed workpiece, can in the light-conducting system of laser-processing system, add a beam expanding telescope, to reduce the angle of divergence of laser beam, and then focus on, the beam waist position (focal position) of light beam is transformed in the scope that processing allows, thereby improve the range of work of laser beam and effective depth of focus, obtain less focus spot diameter.In order to make continuous light become pulsed light, adopt mechanical type beam split rotating disk to carry out chopping the light, but laser beam carry out texturing by beam split rotating disk open-work breaker roll surface, when laser beam can carry out preheating and quenching from beam split rotating disk reflecting surface reflex time.One group of optical beam transformation mirror is used in the acquisition of preheating hot spot and regulate to adopt the reflect focalization mode, with parabolic mirror incident laser is become directional light earlier, after the level crossing transmission again by a parabolic mirror focused beam.The adjusting of defocusing amount requires the power density of preheating luminous point just to be lower than the fusing point of machined material, makes the laser preheating zone cover whole texturing district.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises beam expanding telescope, optical beam transformation combined lens, focus lamp 3, continuous laser generator 8, beam split rotating disk 9, roll 10.Described optical beam transformation combined lens is made up of first parabolic mirror 4, second parabolic mirror 7 and first plane mirror 5, second plane mirror 6, can move this combined lens position all around; Described beam expanding telescope is made up of object lens 1 and eyepiece 2, beam expanding telescope is between continuous laser generator 8 and focus lamp 3, beam split rotating disk 9 and optical beam transformation combined lens are between beam expanding telescope object lens 1 and eyepiece 2, beam split rotating disk 9 is inserted in the middle of optical beam transformation combined lens first parabolic mirror 4 and second parabolic mirror 7, and focus lamp 3 is positioned at roll 10 tops.The continuous laser beam that continuous laser generator 8 is sent, become pulsed light after beam split rotating disk 9 beam split through rotation, the light beam of optical beam transformation combined lens after to beam split rotating disk 9 reflection beam splittings carries out light path displacement and conversion, and the final pulse laser beam is focused on the roll 10 by focus lamp 3 after beam expanding telescope expands bundle.
In the described optical beam transformation combined lens, first parabolic mirror 4, second parabolic mirror 7 lays respectively at beam split rotating disk 9 left and right sides, first plane mirror 5, second plane mirror 6 lays respectively at first parabolic mirror 4, second parabolic mirror, 7 downsides, incident beam can transfer light path by coalescence by first parabolic mirror 4 after the reflection of beam split rotating disk 9 upper surfaces, light beam is through first plane mirror 5 then, after second plane mirror 6 changes direction, converge to reflection output on beam split rotating disk 9 bottom surfaces by second parabolic mirror 7 again, can the move up and down relative position of second parabolic mirror 7 and second plane mirror 6 and beam split rotating disk 9 is to change the waist spot size and the position of reflection output beam.First parabolic mirror 4, second parabolic mirror 7 and beam expanding telescope are confocal mutually in the optical beam transformation combined lens, the laser beam that continuous laser generator 8 is sent, incoming laser beam behind the process beam expanding telescope object lens 1 and beam split rotating disk 9 are out of focus to the beam focus of its reflection lasering beam to beam split rotating disk 9, the beam focus that is converged on the beam split rotating disk 9 by second parabolic mirror 7 also is an out of focus to beam split rotating disk 9 in addition, the design of defocusing amount will guarantee that the power density of pip on the beam split rotating disk 9 satisfies the heat radiation requirement, can adopt air-cooled the heat radiation.
Described beam split rotating disk 9 circumference have the open-work that a determining deviation distributes, and open-work is fan-shaped slotted hole, and the aperture is greater than the launching spot size, and hole wall and beam split rotating disk 9 outer surface angles are 45
0The last reflecting surface of beam split rotating disk 9 is parallel with bottom surface, beam split rotating disk 9 upper surfaces are towards beam expanding telescope object lens 1 and incoming laser beam, bottom surface is towards beam expanding telescope eyepiece 2, the left side first parabolic mirror 4 in the optical beam transformation combined lens, the right side second parabolic mirror 7 in the optical beam transformation combined lens, be 450 angles between beam split rotating disk 9 and incoming laser beam optical axis, out of focus is placed near beam expanding telescope and the parabolic reflector mirror foci, beam split rotating disk 9 is driven around its central shaft rotation by high-speed electric expreess locomotive, beam split rotating disk 9 reflectings surface should have high reflectance, adopt conductive material copper, aluminium or steel, can improve the reflectivity of reflecting surface with finishing method, copper coating or gold etc.
During work, the laser treatment head of continuous laser generator 8 moves along the roll 10 of rotation, beam split rotating disk 9 is rotated counterclockwise, roll 10 turns clockwise, carry out texturing by transmitted light beam, the beam Propagation path is: object lens 1 → eyepiece 2 → focus lamp 3, carry out preheating by folded light beam, the beam Propagation path is: object lens 1 → the first parabolic mirror 4 → the first plane mirrors 5 → the second plane mirrors 6 → the second parabolic mirrors 7 → eyepiece 2 → focus lamp 3.
When laser beam by beam split rotating disk 9 reflecting surface reflex times, the Q ' point of laser beam by optical beam transformation combined lens breaker roll 10 surfaces behind reflect focalization carries out preheating and reinforcement.When beam split rotating disk 9 forwards open-work to, laser beam melts by the Q point that beam expanding telescope, focus lamp 3 focus on roll 10 surfaces, the Q point must drop on the line segment of Q ' formation, just can reach good pre-heat effect and texturing effect, its power density forms the texturing pattern of fire pit shape, extreme hardness under the effect of side-blown air-flow more than hundreds of kilowatt.The determining of luminous point side-play amount QQ ' regulated by adjusting device according to the material behavior on processed surface and motion, geometric parameter, such as focus, pulse frequency, processing speed etc.Customized parameter makes the reflect focalization hot spot have identical focal spot size and energy density with the transmission focal spot, and certain at interval distance, realizes the effect of two point texturing.In order to obtain stable Energy distribution in treatment surface, texturing roughness with uniformity, be necessary controlling to the flight light beam, can adopt Computer Control Technology to compensate Jiao automatically in flight light path moves, so it is stable that focal length and focus diameter keep, under optimized conditions, the roll 10 of texturing has the roughness of isotropism and uniformity.
Utilize high-power CO
2Continuous laser generator 8 and beam split rotating disk 9 breaker rolls 10 carry out texturing, provide a design example here and specify.Continuous laser generator 8 employing wavelength are that the basic mode of 10.6 μ m is output as main crossing current CO
2Continuous wave laser, power are 1300W, are 18mm from the beam diameter of continuous laser generator 8 outgoing, and the rotary speed of chopper disk 9 is 10
4Change, roll 10 feed speeds are 1.8m/s, and rotating disc 9 open-work numbers are 60.So the output pulse laser frequency reaches 10KHz, can process the little hole of texturing of spiral distribution.The structural parameters that expand the bundle focusing system are: object lens 1 focal distance f
1=30mm, eyepiece 2 focal distance f
2=90mm, focus lamp 3 focal distance f
3=100mm, expand the bundle multiple | M
T|=3.Laser beam is f after focusing
1=f
4=f
7, f wherein
4Be first parabolic mirror, 4 focal lengths, f
7Be second parabolic mirror, 7 focal lengths, can get depth of focus Z
01=113mm, focal beam spot diameter 2W
02'=0.112mm, the focus point power density is 1.33 * 10
7W/mm
2When placing out-of-focus appearance that preheating is put in texturing, the luminous point defocusing amount is-0.08mm the luminous point side-play amount of transmission and folded light beam | QQ ' | and＜0.13mm.In sweep time 0.12ms, temperature is raised to rapidly near the material melting point.By adjusting laser scanning speed, parameters such as control pulse power, pulsewidth, defocusing amount adopt the side-blown of inertia assist gas, finally can obtain the fire pit shape texturing point of uniform separation.Texturing hardness can reach more than the HV900, and far above matrix hardness, the boss that hardens has improved the roll wearability.The light beam modulating system carries out the energy modulation to laser beam and has obtained the even temperature field, improves the texturing quality, reduces crackle.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device comprises continuous laser generator, beam expanding telescope, beam split rotating disk, focus lamp and roll, it is characterized in that, also comprises the optical beam transformation combined lens; Beam expanding telescope is between continuous laser generator and focus lamp, beam expanding telescope is made up of object lens and eyepiece, beam split rotating disk and optical beam transformation combined lens are between the object lens and eyepiece of beam expanding telescope, and the beam split rotating disk is inserted in the middle of the optical beam transformation combined lens, and focus lamp is positioned at the roll top; The continuous laser beam that continuous laser generator is sent, become pulsed light after the beam split rotating disk beam split through rotation, the light beam of optical beam transformation combined lens after to beam split rotating disk reflection beam splitting carries out light path displacement and conversion, and the final pulse laser beam is focused on the roll by focus lamp after beam expanding telescope expands bundle.
2, beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical beam transformation combined lens is by first parabolic mirror, second parabolic mirror and first plane mirror, second plane mirror is formed, first parabolic mirror, second parabolic mirror lays respectively at the beam split rotating disk left and right sides, first plane mirror, second plane mirror lays respectively at first parabolic mirror, the second parabolic mirror downside, incident beam can transfer light path by coalescence by first parabolic mirror after the reflection of beam split disk upper surface, light beam is through first plane mirror then, after second plane mirror changes direction, converge to reflection output on the beam split rotating disk bottom surface, first parabolic mirror by second parabolic mirror again, second parabolic mirror and beam expanding telescope are confocal mutually.
3, beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described second parabolic mirror and second plane mirror and beam split rotating disk are by moving up and down their the waist spot size and the position of relative position adjustment reflection output beam.
4, according to claim 2 or 3 described beam splitting type laser roughing modulation devices, it is characterized in that, described beam split rotating disk, reflecting surface is parallel with bottom surface on it, the beam split disk upper surface is towards beam expanding telescope object lens and incoming laser beam, bottom surface is towards the beam expanding telescope eyepiece, and the beam split rotating disk left side is towards first parabolic mirror, and the beam split rotating disk right side is towards second parabolic mirror.
5, beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, is 45 between described beam split rotating disk and incoming laser beam optical axis
0Angle.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 described beam splitting type laser roughing modulation devices, it is characterized in that, described beam split rotating disk, its circumference is provided with open-work, and the aperture is greater than the launching spot size.
7, beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described open-work, and its hole wall and beam split rotating disk outer surface angle are 45
0
According to claim 1 or 2 or 5 described beam splitting type laser roughing modulation devices, it is characterized in that 8, described beam split rotating disk is rotated around its central shaft by driven by motor.
According to claim 1 or 2 or 5 described beam splitting type laser roughing modulation devices, it is characterized in that 9, described beam split rotating disk, its material are copper, aluminium or steel, beam split rotating disk reflecting surface is coated with copper film or golden film.
10, beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the laser beam that described continuous laser generator is sent, incoming laser beam behind the process beam expanding telescope object lens and beam split rotating disk are out of focus to the beam focus of its reflection lasering beam to the beam split rotating disk, and the beam focus that is converged on the beam split rotating disk by second parabolic mirror also is an out of focus to the beam split rotating disk in addition.
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| CN 200710041118 CN100491048C (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2007-05-24 | Beam splitting type laser roughing modulation device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013090154A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Corning Incorporated | Variable pulse stretching length by variable beamsplitter reflectivity |
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| US4322600A (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1982-03-30 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie | Method and apparatus for forming microcavities on the surface of a rolling mill roll |
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| WO2013090154A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Corning Incorporated | Variable pulse stretching length by variable beamsplitter reflectivity |
| US8724203B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2014-05-13 | Corning Incorporated | Variable pulse stretching length by variable beamsplitter reflectivity |
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| CN101053924A (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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