CN100488323C - Heating assembly with PTC elements, particularly for motor vehicles - Google Patents
Heating assembly with PTC elements, particularly for motor vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100488323C CN100488323C CNB2004800291073A CN200480029107A CN100488323C CN 100488323 C CN100488323 C CN 100488323C CN B2004800291073 A CNB2004800291073 A CN B2004800291073A CN 200480029107 A CN200480029107 A CN 200480029107A CN 100488323 C CN100488323 C CN 100488323C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ptc element
- adhesive
- ptc
- forced expansion
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004836 Glue Stick Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKUGPJPKMAEJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N S-propyl dipropylcarbamothioate Chemical compound CCCSC(=O)N(CCC)CCC OKUGPJPKMAEJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
Landscapes
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heating assembly comprising at least one PTC element, in particular for a motor vehicle. According to the invention, the PTC element (2) is positioned between metal sheets (3, 4), which are used to make electrical contact, said sheets (3, 4) and the PTC element (2) are bonded by means of an adhesive (5) and the adhesive (5) has a minimum specific electrical resistance of 50 ohms * cm and a maximum specific electrical resistance of 500 ohms * cm. In addition, solder can be used as an alternative to the adhesive (5).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heating device for a motor vehicle, comprising a PTC element.
Background
DE 10144757 a1 discloses a heating device for a passenger car with a PTC element. The auxiliary heating device is provided with a heating body, and hot air flows through the auxiliary heating device when the auxiliary heating device operates; the auxiliary heating device is also provided with at least one air outlet in the foot region of the passenger compartment, to which hot air is supplied. In order to be able to flexibly create a vertical stratification of the temperature in the passenger compartment, so that the passengers in the rear seats also feel comfortable, the heating body is an electric PTC element which is arranged directly at the air outlet in the foot region. Such heaters are not adequate for human needs. According to one disclosed embodiment, the PTC elements in the form of honeycomb heaters are arranged in a plastic frame, not described in detail, which is embedded in the air outlet opening.
The contact pieces are conventionally mounted on the PTC element by means of an adhesive, wherein, depending on the case, an insulating adhesive having a specific resistance of more than 10000 Ohm x cm or a conductive adhesive having a specific resistance of less than 10Ohm x cm is used, respectively. This connection between the contact plate and the PTC element is not yet satisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to provide an improved heating device with PTC elements.
This object is achieved by a heating device with a PTC element having the following features. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.
According to the invention, the heating device has at least one PTC element which is arranged between two electrically connecting contact plates, wherein the contact plates and the PTC element are connected by means of an adhesive, the specific resistance of which is at least 50Ohm x cm, at most 500Ohm x cm, preferably at least 80Ohm x cm and at most 150Ohm x cm, in particular 100Ohm x cm +/-10%.
Both heating and safety aspects are taken into account when an adhesive having a specific resistance, in particular an adhesive having a specific resistance of 50 to 500Ohm x cm, is selected and the PTC element and the contact pad are connected by means of this electrically conductive adhesive. In the determination of the specific resistance, on the one hand, the risk of short-circuits between the contact plates is to be avoided, and on the other hand, the adhesive layer can be forced to expand (zwangsents) in order to prevent damage to the heating device as a result of ageing, so that there is no longer any direct contact between the PTC element and the contact plates, but in this case the adhesive layer has sufficient electrical conductivity to ensure the heating function. Here the adhesive layer carries an additional electrical resistance and shows an acceptable heating power. The advantage of the invention is that the heating function is not affected in this case. A specific resistance in the above range has proved to be most suitable.
The thickness of the adhesive layer between the PTC element and one of the contact sheets is preferably negligible before forced expansion and is at most 0.02 μm, in particular 0.01 μm +/-10%, after forced expansion.
In the present invention, a brazing material having the same specific resistance may be used instead of the binder.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Wherein,
figure 1 is a view of a heating installation according to the invention,
figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the heating installation shown in figure 1,
figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of figure 2,
figure 4 is the view shown in figure 2 after forced expansion,
figure 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a resistor,
fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram corresponding to fig. 5, illustrating the resistance after forced expansion.
Detailed Description
In a PTC heating device 1 with ceramic PTC elements, a PTC element 2 is bonded between two contact pieces 3 (positive electrode) and 4 (negative electrode) parallel to each other by an adhesive 5 having a specific resistance of about 100Ohm x cm. The sides of the contact lugs 3 and 4 facing away from the PTC element 2 are each connected by adhesive bonding to a corrugated fin 6, which corrugated fin 6 is likewise connected by corresponding adhesive bonding to the other contact lugs 3 and 4. A plastic frame 7 is arranged around the previously described device. The air flow direction in fig. 1 is a line of sight direction.
In the following, the length of the PTC element 2 is denoted by L, here 035mm, the width of the PTC element 2 is denoted by I, here 8mm, and the thickness of the PTC element 2 is denoted by e, here 1.4 mm. The thickness of the adhesive layer between the surface of the PTC element 2 and one contact piece 3 or 4 is denoted eta and is here 0.01 μm. The width of the adhesive surrounding the PTC element 2 between the contact plates 3 and 4 is denoted by s, here 1 mm.
The voltage between the contact pads 3 and 4 is denoted U and is in this example 13V, but it may also be higher, for example 48V.
Rho for specific resistance of adhesive 5Glue stickThe resistance of the PTC element 2 is represented by RPTCR represents the resistance of the adhesive layer between the PTC element 2 and the contact piece 3 or 4Glue stickAnd (4) showing.
Power P of PTC element 2PTCIndicating that the power of the adhesive 5 between the contact pads 3 and 4 is PbShowing the power P of the PTC element 2 with the adhesive 5 without forced expansionViscous + no forced expansion PTC (positive temperature coefficient) ofShowing the power P of the PTC element 2 with the adhesive 5 after forced expansionAfter sticking and forced expansion PTC (positive temperature coefficient) ofIndicating total power by PGeneral assemblyAnd (4) showing.
The resistance R of the adhesive 5 between the PTC element and one contact strip 3 or 4 is thereby reducedGlue stickAnd the resistance R of the adhesive 5 surrounding the PTC element 2bIs obtained by the following formula:
(1)Rglue stick＝RhoGlue stick×eta/(L×I)
(2)Rb＝RhoGlue stick×e/(2(L+I)×s)
Equivalent circuit diagrams for illustrating the resistance are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Power PSticky + PTC without forced expansionAnd PPTC after sticking and forced expansionIs obtained by the following formula:
(3)Psticky + PTC without forced expansion＝U2/RPTC
(4)PPTC after sticking and forced expansion＝U2/(2RGlue stick+RPTC)
To optimize the efficiency of the PTC element 2, the ratio PPTC/PbShould be as large as possible. In addition, the ratio PSticky + PTC without forced expansion/PPTC after sticking and forced expansionShould be as close to 1 as possible. Especially here, the ratio PPTC/PbAbout 4 to 40, ratio PSticky + PTC without forced expansion/PPTC after sticking and forced expansionBetween about 1.2 and 1.02.
Description of the reference symbols
1 heating installation 4 contact sheet 7 plastic frame
2 PTC element 5 adhesive
3 contact piece 6 corrugated fin
Claims (12)
1. Heating device for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one PTC element, wherein the PTC element (2) is arranged between two contact strips (3, 4) which serve for an electrical connection, and wherein the contact strips (3, 4) and the PTC element (2) are connected by means of an adhesive (5), characterized in that the adhesive (5) has a resistivity of at least 50Ohm x cm and at most 500Ohm x cm.
2. Heating installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistivity of the adhesive (5) is at least 80Ohm x cm and at most 150Ohm x cm.
3. Heating installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) has a resistivity of 100Ohm x cm +/-10%.
4. Heating device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the layer thickness of the adhesive (5) between the PTC element (2) and one contact piece (3, 4) is negligible before the forced expansion and at most 0.02 μm after the forced expansion.
5. Heating device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the layer thickness of the adhesive (5) between the PTC element (2) and one contact sheet (3, 4) is negligible before the forced expansion and is at most 0.01 μm +/-10% after the forced expansion.
6. Heating device for a motor vehicle with at least one PTC element, wherein the PTC element (2) is arranged between two contact strips (3, 4) which serve for an electrical connection, and wherein the contact strips (3, 4) and the PTC element (2) are connected by means of a solder, characterized in that the solder has a resistivity of at least 50Ohm x cm and at most 500Ohm x cm.
7. The heating installation according to claim 6, wherein the electrical resistivity of the brazing filler metal is at least 80Ohm x cm and at most 150Ohm x cm.
8. The heating installation according to claim 6, wherein the solder has a resistivity of 100Ohm x cm +/-10%.
9. Heating device according to claim 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that the layer thickness of the solder between the PTC element (2) and one contact piece (3, 4) is negligible before the forced expansion and is at most 0.02 μm after the forced expansion.
10. Heating installation according to claim 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that the layer thickness of the solder between the PTC element (2) and one contact plate (3, 4) is negligible before the forced expansion and is at most 0.01 μm +/-10% after the forced expansion.
11. Adhesive for connecting between a ceramic PTC element (2) and an electrically conductive contact pad (3, 4), characterized in that the electrical resistivity of the adhesive is at least 50Ohm x cm and at most 500Ohm x cm.
12. Solder for connection between a ceramic PTC element (2) and an electrically conductive contact piece (3, 4), characterized in that the solder has a resistivity of at least 50Ohm x cm and at most 500Ohm x cm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03292474A EP1523225B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2003-10-07 | Heating assembly with PTC elements, particularly for motor vehicles |
| EP03292474.8 | 2003-10-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1902983A CN1902983A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| CN100488323C true CN100488323C (en) | 2009-05-13 |
Family
ID=34307027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800291073A Expired - Fee Related CN100488323C (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-09-15 | Heating assembly with PTC elements, particularly for motor vehicles |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7759610B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1523225B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007507384A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100488323C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE453306T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50312260D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005039242A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2897744B1 (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2008-05-09 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | HEATING ELEMENTS CHASSIS FOR AN ELECTRICAL RADIATOR OF A VENTILATION, HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION. |
| EP2083607A1 (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-29 | Behr France Rouffach SAS | Device for heating, in particular a motor vehicle |
| DE102010020070A1 (en) * | 2010-05-09 | 2011-11-10 | Esw Gmbh | Heating module for heating flowing media and method for its preparation |
| DE102012107985B4 (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2023-06-22 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | heater |
| DE102015215748A1 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-23 | Mahle International Gmbh | Electric heater and control electronics |
| EP3401617A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-14 | Mahle International GmbH | Electric heater |
| EP3530503A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-28 | MAHLE International GmbH | Electric heater |
| DE102020113124A1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-18 | Eberspächer catem Hermsdorf GmbH & Co. KG | PTC heating cell and process for its manufacture |
| DE102021204888A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | PTC heating element |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2080482U (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1991-07-10 | 刘振荣 | Electric warmer for automobile |
| CN2125519U (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1992-12-23 | 北京汽车空调制造厂 | Automobile air conditioner |
| CN2318068Y (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-05-12 | 李有德 | Insulation cover for automobile |
| US6265692B1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2001-07-24 | Denso Corporation | Air conditioner having electrical heating member integrated with heating heat exchanger |
| EP1182908A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-27 | Catem GmbH & Co.KG | PTC-Heating device employing adhesive |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10144757B4 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2006-03-30 | Webasto Ag | Additional heating for passenger vehicles |
| US4865039A (en) * | 1985-08-21 | 1989-09-12 | Spring Creek Institute | Dry electrode system for detection of biopotentials and dry electrode for making electrical and mechanical connection to a living body |
| JPH01294393A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for bonding plane warmer |
| JPH0253628A (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-02-22 | Texas Instr Japan Ltd | Air heating device |
| JPH0320378A (en) * | 1989-06-17 | 1991-01-29 | Fujikura Ltd | Conductive adhesive |
| US5211174A (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1993-05-18 | Physiometrix, Inc. | Low impedance, low durometer, dry conforming contact element |
| US5856773A (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1999-01-05 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection device |
| JPH10208902A (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Tdk Corp | Production of organic ptc thermistor |
| JPH11186003A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-09 | Yazaki Corp | Heat sink structure of ptc device |
| JPH11214203A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-06 | Unitika Ltd | Positive temperature coefficient element and manufacture thereof |
| JPH11308763A (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 1999-11-05 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Current limiter with ptc element and circuit breaker with the current limiter |
| JP2002367810A (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-20 | Nec Tokin Corp | Macromolecular ptc element and its manufacturing method |
| JP2003037002A (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Current limiter and manufacturing method therefor |
| US6659783B2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-12-09 | Tyco Electronics Corp | Electrical connector including variable resistance to reduce arcing |
| JP5087888B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2012-12-05 | ソニー株式会社 | Solid-state imaging device and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2003
- 2003-10-07 AT AT03292474T patent/ATE453306T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-07 EP EP03292474A patent/EP1523225B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-07 DE DE50312260T patent/DE50312260D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-09-15 WO PCT/EP2004/010328 patent/WO2005039242A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-15 JP JP2006529988A patent/JP2007507384A/en active Pending
- 2004-09-15 CN CNB2004800291073A patent/CN100488323C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-15 US US10/574,543 patent/US7759610B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2080482U (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1991-07-10 | 刘振荣 | Electric warmer for automobile |
| CN2125519U (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1992-12-23 | 北京汽车空调制造厂 | Automobile air conditioner |
| CN2318068Y (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-05-12 | 李有德 | Insulation cover for automobile |
| US6265692B1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2001-07-24 | Denso Corporation | Air conditioner having electrical heating member integrated with heating heat exchanger |
| EP1182908A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-27 | Catem GmbH & Co.KG | PTC-Heating device employing adhesive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070000902A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
| WO2005039242A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| EP1523225B1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| ATE453306T1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
| CN1902983A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| EP1523225A1 (en) | 2005-04-13 |
| US7759610B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
| JP2007507384A (en) | 2007-03-29 |
| DE50312260D1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090513 Termination date: 20210915 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |