CN100485733C - Temperature collecting device for minisize gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

A temperature collection device of micro-size gas turbine is prepared for connecting output ends of thirteen thermocouple temperature compensation circuits separately to input ends of thirteen thermocouple converters, connecting output ends of thirteen thermocouple converters to A/D port of digital signal processor and applying TM320LF2407A as said digital signal processor.

Description

A kind of temperature collecting device of miniature gas turbine

Technical field

The invention belongs to the gas turbine technology field, particularly a kind of temperature collecting device of miniature gas turbine.

Background technology

Domestic micro fuel engine power generation and control technology research are at the early-stage, are on the current overall context to introduce the stage that absorbs, develops.Taking the lead a step aspect the research of micro fuel engine power generation unit and power converter control system abroad, comparatively advanced and complete micro fuel engine electric power system have been arranged.Because the needs of China's energy conservation, industrial heat demand are big, civil heating and life increases sharply with heat and the development need of the little heat in rural area, electricity etc., make the micro fuel engine power generation system have the ten minutes wide market application prospect.But at present the temperature acquisition that miniature gas turbine is called for short the combustion machine adopts the PLC control mode mostly or directly measures, and adopts the PLC control mode to exist cost height, picking rate slow, precision low shortcoming; Owing to intake air temperature in the combustion machine is very high, measuring sensor is easy to be burnt when adopting directly measurement, and the temperature field is also very inhomogeneous, and its temperature is difficult to directly measure.

Summary of the invention

At the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of temperature collecting device (this achievement is national high-tech research development plan (" a 863 " plan) problem achievement) of miniature gas turbine.

Fuel Control System comprises host computer, display unit and communication device, central control unit, combustion control device, fuel pressure control device, inversion control device, soft start-up control device, battery management device; Wherein display unit and communication device link to each other with host computer, central control unit respectively, and combustion control device, fuel pressure control device, inversion control device, soft start-up control device, battery management device link to each other, as shown in Figure 1.

Temperature collecting device is the some of central control unit, comprises digital signal processor TM320LF2407A, electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuit, thermocouple converter; The circuit theory diagrams of temperature collecting device as shown in Figure 2, the output terminal of 13 road electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuits links to each other with the input end of 13 road thermocouple converters respectively, the output terminal of 13 road thermocouple converters links to each other with the A/D mouth of digital signal processor.

The temperature-compensation circuit of thermopair comprises thermopair, amplifier, voltage stabilizing chip, integrated temperature sensor as shown in Figure 3; Wherein thermoelectric on a rare occasion the end with the normal phase input end of amplifier U1 links to each other, and the other end is the pin 2 of cold junction and voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, and integrated temperature sensor AD590 links to each other with the inverting input of amplifier U1 respectively.The output terminal of U1 is connected to the input end of thermocouple converter.

The circuit theory diagrams of thermocouple converter as shown in Figure 4; Comprise amplifier OP07, amplifier LM324, voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, integrated temperature sensor AD590 and resistance; Wherein sampled signal IN1 directly links to each other with AD590, resistance R 1; Sampled signal IN2 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 2 that is connected amplifier OP07 by resistance R 2, the output terminal pin 6 of amplifier OP07 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 9 of amplifier LM324 by resistance R 6, the pin 2 of voltage stabilizing chip MC1403 links to each other with the input end in the same way of amplifier OP07 by adjustable resistance RP10, resistance R 3, and the pin 10 of input end in the same way of amplifier LM324 links to each other with power supply ground by resistance R 7.The output terminal of amplifier LM324 is connected to the A/D mouth of digital signal processor.

Control turbine intake air temperature is very important controlled quentity controlled variable in the combustion machine.Because intake air temperature is very high, measuring sensor is easy to be burnt, and the temperature field is also very inhomogeneous, and its temperature is difficult to directly measure, and therefore with indirect measuring method it is detected control.The course of work of turbine control system as shown in Figure 5, air enters the regenerator heating after pneumatic plant compression, send into the firing chamber again, the hot-air of firing chamber output blows the turbine rotation, the power that turbine obtains promotes pneumatic plant, engine work respectively; Discharge emptying behind throttling valve 2 heating backheat gas through trapped line pressure valve 1 from the waste gas that turbine produces; Thermopair is located at regenerator.

The schematic diagram of indirect temperature measurement as shown in Figure 6, the gas temperature of discharging according to turbine

With the turbine intake air temperature

The most similar in the trend that family curve is online, and

It is reflection The characteristic of principal element, revise to reach right by replenishing other factors

Monitoring and control.

By compressor delivery pressure p ₂Revise:

According to the turbine intake air temperature

With

And turbine is imported and exported gas and is calmed the anger and compare π _TRelation

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}[1-(1-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}){\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T]---\left(9\right)$

N wherein _ηBe the thermal efficiency, be, m=1......m;

Can get

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}{1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula $m_g=\frac{k_g-1}{k_g}$ (k _g=1.33---specific heat ratio).

Combustion machine to the single shaft constant-speed operation Be the amount that needs control, when the variable quantity of the full load π T of system is very little, following formula is carried out linearization get among a small circle:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}=\frac{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}+\frac{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T---\left(3\right)$

$\frac{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}=\frac{1}{1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T}---\left(4\right)$

$\frac{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}\frac{m_g{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{-(m_g+1)}}{{(1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T)}^2}---\left(5\right)$

At π _TChange when very little, by changing Maintenance is revised in the variation of value

Constant, promptly $\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}=0$ Set up, set up With Δ π _TBetween the relation:

$\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}=-\left(\frac{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1^{*}}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}\right)/\left(\frac{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00082.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1}{\&PartialD;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="C200710011969E00092.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2^{*}}\right)---\left(6\right)$

Following formula is keeping

Under the permanence condition,

With Δ π _TThe curve that changes be exactly after the linearization etc.

Line.As can be seen with Measure indirectly

The time, use π _TModification method reaches temperature

Control.

Characteristics of the present invention be cost low, and can directly measure, picking rate is fast, the precision height is low in energy consumption, it is also very strong to suppress interference capability, is used for longer-distance temperature survey.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the gas turbine engine systems structured flowchart;

Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of temperature collecting device;

Fig. 3 is a temperature-compensation circuit;

Fig. 4 is thermopair translation circuit figure;

Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of turbine control system;

Fig. 6 is the indirect temperature measurement schematic diagram;

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Temperature sampler is the some of central controller, comprises digital signal processor, electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuit, thermocouple converter; The circuit theory diagrams of Temperature sampler as shown in Figure 2, the output terminal of 13 road electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuits links to each other with the input end of 13 road thermocouple converters respectively, the output terminal of 13 road thermocouple converters links to each other with the A/D mouth of data processor.

The temperature-compensation circuit of thermopair comprises thermopair, amplifier, voltage stabilizing chip, integrated temperature sensor as shown in Figure 3; Thermoelectric on a rare occasion the end with the normal phase input end of amplifier links to each other, and the other end is the pin 2 of cold junction and voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, the integrated temperature end.When thermopair was in 0 ℃ of environment, cold junction need not compensate, but AD590 still has the output of 273.2 μ A electric currents 0 ℃ the time, desired to make it not produce bucking voltage at cold junction, and biasing circuit must be arranged.

The circuit theory diagrams of thermocouple converter as shown in Figure 4; Comprise amplifier OP07, amplifier LM324, voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, integrated temperature sensor AD590 and resistance; Sampled signal IN1 directly links to each other with AD590, resistance R 1; Sampled signal IN2 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 2 that is connected amplifier OP07 by resistance R 2, the output terminal pin 6 of amplifier OP07 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 9 of amplifier LM324 by resistance R 6, the pin 2 of voltage stabilizing chip MC1403 links to each other with the input end in the same way of amplifier OP07 by adjustable resistance RP10, resistance R 3, and the pin 10 of input end in the same way of amplifier LM324 links to each other with power supply ground by resistance R 7.The output terminal of amplifier LM324 is connected to the A/D mouth of digital signal processor.

Because thermopair is the difference temperature measurement device, when handling thermocouple signal, hold as reference with cold junction point, consider the voltage of non-zero degrees celsius cold junction point, must carry out the compensation of cold junction point to the thermopair output voltage.Utilize the linear temperature-sensing property of AD590, temperature compensation is provided for the reference edge (cold junction) of thermocouple, make the cold junction of thermopair under any environment temperature, only produce the OV electromotive force.

U _rBe measuring junction voltage, U _kBe cold junction voltage, I _kBe AD590 output current, R _cBe resistance R _cOn pressure drop, also be bucking voltage, V _RefBe reference voltage.Utilize AD590 to experience the environment temperature of cold junction in the circuit, at 25 ℃ of environment temperatures (promptly 0 ℃～50 ℃) in 25 ℃ of scopes up and down

Claims (3)

1, a kind of temperature collecting device of miniature gas turbine comprises digital signal processor, electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuit, thermocouple converter; The output terminal of 13 road electric thermo-couple temperature compensating circuits links to each other with the input end of 13 road thermocouple converters respectively, the output terminal of 13 road thermocouple converters links to each other with the A/D mouth of digital signal processor, this compensating circuit comprises thermopair, amplifier, integrated temperature sensor, it is characterized in that: wherein thermoelectric on a rare occasion the end with the normal phase input end of amplifier U1 links to each other, the other end is that cold junction links to each other with the pin 2 of voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, integrated temperature sensor AD590 links to each other with the inverting input of amplifier U1 respectively, and the output terminal of U1 is connected to the input end of thermocouple converter.

2, the temperature collecting device of miniature gas turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that this transducer comprises amplifier OP07, amplifier LM324, voltage stabilizing chip MC1403, integrated temperature sensor AD590 and resistance; Sampled signal IN1 directly links to each other with AD590, resistance R 1; Sampled signal IN2 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 2 that is connected amplifier OP07 by resistance R 2, the output terminal pin 6 of amplifier OP07 links to each other with the reverse input end pin 9 of amplifier LM324 by resistance R 6, the pin 2 of voltage stabilizing chip MC1403 links to each other with the input end in the same way of amplifier OP07 by adjustable resistance RP10, resistance R 3, the pin 10 of input end in the same way of amplifier LM324 links to each other with power supply ground by resistance R 7, and the output terminal of amplifier LM324 is connected to the A/D mouth of digital signal processor.

3, a kind of thermometry of temperature collecting device of miniature gas turbine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: with the gas temperature of turbine discharge Measure the turbine intake air temperature indirectly The time, use π _TModification method reaches temperature

Control, comprise the steps:

By compressor delivery pressure p ₂Revise:

According to the turbine intake air temperature

With

And turbine is imported and exported gas and is calmed the anger and compare π _TRelation

$T_2^{*}=T_1^{*}[1-(1-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}){\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T]---\left(1\right)$

η wherein _TBe the thermal efficiency, be, m=1......m;

Can get

$T_1=\frac{T_2^{*}}{1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula $m_g=\frac{k_g-1}{k_g}$ k _g=1.33-specific heat ratio;

Combustion machine to the single shaft constant-speed operation

Be the amount that needs control, when the variable quantity of the full load π T of system is very little, following formula is carried out linearization get among a small circle:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{T}_1^{*}=\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1^{*}}{{\&PartialD;T}_2^{*}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_2^{*}+\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1^{*}}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T---\left(3\right)$

$\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1^{*}}{{\&PartialD;T}_2^{*}}=\frac{1}{1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T}---\left(4\right)$

$\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1^{*}}{{\&PartialD;T}_2^{*}}=T_2^{*}\frac{m_g{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{-(m_g+1)}}{{(1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T^{m_g}}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_T)}^2}---\left(5\right)$

At π _TChange when very little, by changing

Maintenance is revised in the variation of value

Constant, promptly ${\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_1^{*}=0$ , set up With Δ π _TBetween the relation:

$\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_2^{*}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}=-\left(\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1^{*}}{{\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&pi;}}_T}\right)/\left(\frac{{\&PartialD;T}_1}{{\&PartialD;T}_2^{*}}\right)---\left(6\right)$

Following formula is keeping

Under the permanence condition,

With Δ π _TThe curve that changes be exactly after the linearization etc. Line.

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