CN100485119C - Thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather - Google Patents
Thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN100485119C CN100485119C CNB2006100357300A CN200610035730A CN100485119C CN 100485119 C CN100485119 C CN 100485119C CN B2006100357300 A CNB2006100357300 A CN B2006100357300A CN 200610035730 A CN200610035730 A CN 200610035730A CN 100485119 C CN100485119 C CN 100485119C
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- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 phthalate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical class CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 54
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种人造革的配方及其制造方法,尤其是指一种全环保型热塑性聚氨酯(TPU,Thermoplastic Polyurethane)人造革及其压延制造法。The invention relates to a formula of artificial leather and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to an all-environmental-friendly thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, Thermoplastic Polyurethane) artificial leather and a calendering manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
传统的人造革的生产,主要以PU合成皮及PVC合成皮为主体,用于制造PU合成皮的主要原料为含高溶剂的PU树脂及稀释溶剂,用于制造PVC合成皮的主要原料为PVC粉及液体可塑剂,增塑剂采用邻苯二甲酸酯类,制造方法为涂布法、贴合法、吹膜法或T-模流延法等。传统的人造革的配方和制造方法有以下缺点:The production of traditional artificial leather mainly uses PU synthetic leather and PVC synthetic leather as the main body. The main raw materials used to manufacture PU synthetic leather are PU resin and dilution solvent containing high solvent. The main raw material used to manufacture PVC synthetic leather is PVC powder. And liquid plasticizer, the plasticizer adopts phthalates, and the manufacturing method is coating method, pasting method, blown film method or T-die casting method, etc. The formula and manufacturing method of traditional artificial leather have the following disadvantages:
(1)当以PU合成皮作为主体,采用涂布法制造人造革时,由于涂布工艺中需要对经凝聚、水洗后的半成品进行干燥处理,PU树脂配方中所用的溶剂在干燥过程中将衍生成为废水、废气,污染环境;并且,PU合成皮的耐水解性较差,如欲改善其耐水解性能时,其剥离强度及表面耐磨耗强度等性能相对变差,尤其当底布采用尼龙织布时,剥离强度在0.5Kg/3cm以下,使用于高摩擦撞击用途场合时,其表面耐磨耗及剥离强度品质难于符合市场要求,实用性不大。(1) When PU synthetic leather is used as the main body and the coating method is used to manufacture artificial leather, since the semi-finished product after condensation and water washing needs to be dried in the coating process, the solvent used in the PU resin formula will be derived during the drying process. Become waste water, waste gas, and pollute the environment; moreover, the hydrolysis resistance of PU synthetic leather is poor. If you want to improve its hydrolysis resistance, its peel strength and surface abrasion resistance will be relatively poor, especially when the base fabric is made of nylon. When weaving, the peel strength is less than 0.5Kg/3cm. When used in high friction and impact applications, the surface wear resistance and peel strength quality are difficult to meet market requirements, and the practicability is not great.
(2)当以PVC合成皮作为主体,采用贴合法制造人造革时,在混炼压延过程中,由于长时间在高温开放系统中进行操作,易产生粉尘和可塑剂挥发废气,对环境污染很大;并且,PVC制品垃圾焚化时会产生有毒气体戴奥辛(dioxin)、氯气及重金属微粒;PVC合成皮的低温耐屈折及耐冲击性能差,若欲改善其耐低温性能则表面极易出现可塑剂或添加助剂吐出的异常现象,(2) When PVC synthetic leather is used as the main body and lamination method is used to manufacture artificial leather, in the process of kneading and calendering, due to long-term operation in a high-temperature open system, dust and plasticizer volatilization waste gas are easily generated, which is very polluting to the environment In addition, when PVC products are incinerated, toxic gases such as dioxin, chlorine, and heavy metal particles will be produced; PVC synthetic leather has poor low-temperature bending resistance and impact resistance. The abnormal phenomenon of adding additives to spit out,
(3)邻苯二甲酸酯类为有毒试剂,作为增塑剂,使得制成的人造革中含有毒配方,应用于日常生活中,危害人们的身体健康。(3) Phthalate esters are toxic reagents. As plasticizers, the manufactured artificial leather contains toxic formulas, which are used in daily life and endanger people's health.
因此,为了解决上述的种种问题,本发明提供了一种以热塑性聚氨酯作为主料的环保无毒、可降解的人造革配方,以及用于制造该种人造革的方法。Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned various problems, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly, non-toxic and degradable artificial leather formulation using thermoplastic polyurethane as a main ingredient, and a method for manufacturing the artificial leather.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供了一种以热塑性聚氨酯作为主料的环保无毒、可降解的人造革,以及用于制造该种人造革的方法:压延法。The object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly, non-toxic and degradable artificial leather with thermoplastic polyurethane as the main material, and a method for manufacturing the artificial leather: calendering.
一种热塑性聚氨酯(Thermoplastic Polyurethane,TPU)人造革,由底料、面料和底布复合而成,底料组分至少包括:热塑性聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、增塑剂、发泡安定剂、控泡剂及发泡剂,其中,增塑剂为多元醇衍生物增塑剂。面料及底料的配方成份及重量比如下:A thermoplastic polyurethane (Thermoplastic Polyurethane, TPU) artificial leather is formed by compounding base material, fabric and base fabric, and the base material components include at least: thermoplastic polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, plasticizer, foaming stabilizer, foam control agent and a foaming agent, wherein the plasticizer is a polyol derivative plasticizer. The formula ingredients and weight ratio of the fabric and base material are as follows:
面料:Fabric:
热塑性聚氨酯树脂 100Thermoplastic Polyurethane Resin 100
丙烯酸树脂 2----10Acrylic resin 2----10
多元醇衍生物增塑剂 1----50Polyol derivative plasticizer 1----50
分散剂 0----1Dispersant 0----1
强化填充材料 0----30Reinforced filling material 0----30
硬脂酸 0----1Stearic acid 0----1
抗氧化剂 0----1Antioxidant 0----1
紫外线吸收剂 0----1UV absorber 0----1
色料 0----5Pigment 0----5
底料:Bottom material:
热塑性聚氨酯树脂 100Thermoplastic Polyurethane Resin 100
丙烯酸树脂 2----10Acrylic resin 2----10
多元醇衍生物增塑剂 1----50Polyol derivative plasticizer 1----50
发泡安定剂 2----3Foam stabilizer 2----3
控泡剂 0.5---1.5Foam control agent 0.5---1.5
发泡剂 4----6Foaming agent 4----6
强化填充材料 0----50Reinforced filling material 0----50
色料 0----5。Pigment 0----5.
其中,分散剂选用高分子脂肪酸脂分散剂,发泡安定剂选用Ba/Zn发泡安定剂,发泡剂选用发泡剂AC,多元醇衍生物选用丙二醇酯。Among them, the dispersant is a polymer fatty acid dispersant, the foaming stabilizer is Ba/Zn foaming stabilizer, the foaming agent is AC, and the polyol derivative is propylene glycol ester.
本发明还提供了一种热塑性聚氨酯人造革的制法,其采用压延法制成,包括以下步骤:The present invention also provides a method for making thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather, which is made by calendering, comprising the following steps:
(1)将底布上浆;(1) Sizing the base cloth;
(2)采用压延法复合TPU底料和面料;(2) Composite TPU base material and fabric by calendering method;
(3)将底料和面料进行复合,再贴合于底布上;(3) Composite the base material and the fabric, and then attach it to the base fabric;
(4)对人造革进行后处理,即制成所述热塑性聚氨酯人造革;(4) Carry out aftertreatment to artificial leather, promptly make described thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather;
其中,在步骤(2)中,采用压延法制备TPU面料和底料的工艺流程如下:搅拌——>密炼——>开炼——>过滤——>压延——>引取。Among them, in step (2), the process flow of preparing TPU fabric and bottom material by calendering method is as follows: stirring—>banbury—>opening—>filtering—>calendering—>extraction.
在步骤(3)中,底布选用针织布、轧针棉、梭织布、仿里皮、含浸布或无纺布中任意一种。In step (3), the base fabric is selected from any one of knitted fabric, ginned cotton, woven fabric, imitation leather, impregnated fabric or non-woven fabric.
与现有技术相比较,本发明一种热塑性聚氨酯人造革采用了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体树脂作为主料,取代了传统的人造革主料PU合成皮或PVC合成皮,掺合丙烯酸树脂、增塑剂、分散剂、填充材料等制成,其中,增塑剂由无毒的多元醇衍生物替代了有毒的邻苯二甲酸酯类,使得制成的人造革具有环保无毒、可降解的特性。Compared with the prior art, a thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather of the present invention adopts thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer resin as the main material, replaces the traditional artificial leather main material PU synthetic leather or PVC synthetic leather, blends acrylic resin, plasticizer, dispersion It is made of non-toxic polyol derivatives instead of toxic phthalates, so that the artificial leather is environmentally friendly, non-toxic and degradable.
另外,本发明采用压延法制备热塑性聚氨酯人造革,可应用常规的压延生产线,不需要用吹膜或T-模流延生产线,这样,可令原本用于聚氨乙烯(PVC)人造革生产的压延设备不会因PVC基于环保因素而市场收缩所导致投资损失,且压延机不须作任何机械更改,此生产方法可令TPU人造革的生产成本大大降低,令市场更接受TPU作为环保料使用。在制备工艺中,主料聚氨酯树脂与各种添加剂辅料在高速搅拌机同时加入,不需预先加热,也不需预先造粒,通过控制添加剂比例及混炼搅拌时的温度,应用丙烯酸树脂、分散剂高分子脂肪酸酯以及硬脂酸降低生产过程中原料分子间的磨擦,并降低熔融体的熔融温度,从而提高热稳定性,且防止熔融体粘在金属轮面上,降低机器负荷,减低电力消耗。In addition, the present invention adopts calendering method to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather, can apply conventional calendering production line, does not need to use blown film or T-die casting production line, like this, can make the calendering equipment originally used in the production of polyurethane (PVC) artificial leather There will be no investment loss due to the market shrinkage of PVC due to environmental protection factors, and the calender does not need any mechanical changes. This production method can greatly reduce the production cost of TPU artificial leather, and make the market more accept TPU as an environmentally friendly material. In the preparation process, the main material polyurethane resin and various additives and auxiliary materials are added at the same time in a high-speed mixer, without pre-heating or pre-granulation. By controlling the proportion of additives and the temperature during mixing and stirring, acrylic resin, dispersant Polymer fatty acid esters and stearic acid reduce the friction between raw material molecules in the production process, and reduce the melting temperature of the melt, thereby improving thermal stability, and preventing the melt from sticking to the metal wheel surface, reducing machine load and power consumption consume.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种热塑性聚氨酯人造革的制备流程图;Fig. 1 is the preparation flowchart of a kind of thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种热塑性聚氨酯人造革的压延法复合TPU底料和面料制备流程图。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of preparation of a thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather composite TPU base material and fabric by calendering method of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下进一步阐述本发明热塑性聚氨酯人造革的配方。The formulation of the thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather of the present invention is further set forth below.
人造革由经压延后的面料和底料与底布相贴合制成,其中,人造革面料和底料均采用热塑性聚氨酯树脂作为主料,底料配方中还包括有辅料:增塑剂、发泡安定剂、控泡剂、强化填充材料;面料配方中还包括有辅料:增塑剂、分散剂、强化填充材料、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂和色料。在本发明,增塑剂选用多元醇衍生物增塑剂;分散剂选用高分子脂肪酸脂分散剂;发泡安定剂选用Ba/Zn发泡安定剂;发泡剂选用发泡剂AC;强化填充材料可选用活性轻质碳酸钙;色料可选用PU型色片;多元醇衍生物可选用丙二醇酯。底布可选用针织布、轧针棉、梭织布、仿里皮、含浸布或无纺布等各种布种。通过色料的选定决定人造革的颜色,可为有色或无色,厚度范围为0.05mm-5.00mm。Artificial leather is made by laminating the calendered fabric and base material with the base fabric. The artificial leather fabric and base material are made of thermoplastic polyurethane resin as the main material. The base material formula also includes auxiliary materials: plasticizer, foaming Stabilizers, foam control agents, reinforced filling materials; fabric formulations also include auxiliary materials: plasticizers, dispersants, reinforced filling materials, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers and colorants. In the present invention, plasticizer selects polyalcohol derivative plasticizer for use; Dispersant selects polymer fatty acid dispersant for use; Foaming stabilizer selects Ba/Zn foaming stabilizer for use; Foaming agent selects foaming agent AC for use; Active light calcium carbonate can be selected as the material; PU color chips can be selected as the color material; propylene glycol ester can be selected as the polyol derivative. The base fabric can be selected from various kinds of fabrics such as knitted fabric, ginned cotton, woven fabric, imitation leather, impregnated fabric or non-woven fabric. The color of artificial leather is determined by the selection of coloring material, which can be colored or colorless, and the thickness range is 0.05mm-5.00mm.
底料的配方如下(重量比):The formula of primer is as follows (weight ratio):
热塑性聚氨酯 100Thermoplastic Polyurethane 100
丙烯酸树脂 2---10Acrylic resin 2---10
多元醇衍生物增塑剂 1----50Polyol derivative plasticizer 1----50
发泡安定剂 2----3Foam stabilizer 2----3
控泡剂 0.5---15Foam control agent 0.5---15
发泡剂AC 4----6Foaming agent AC 4----6
强化填充材料 0-----50Reinforced filling material 0-----50
色料 0-----5Pigment 0-----5
面料的配方如下(重量比):The formula of the fabric is as follows (weight ratio):
热塑性聚氨酯树脂 100Thermoplastic Polyurethane Resin 100
丙烯酸树脂 2---10Acrylic resin 2---10
多元醇衍生物增塑剂 1----50Polyol derivative plasticizer 1----50
分散剂 0----1Dispersant 0----1
强化填充材料 0----30Reinforced filling material 0----30
硬脂酸 0-----1Stearic acid 0-----1
抗氧化剂 0-----1Antioxidant 0-----1
紫外线吸收剂 0-----1UV absorber 0-----1
色料 0-----5Pigment 0-----5
以下结合图1-2具体阐述本发明的人造革制造方法:Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-2 specifically set forth artificial leather manufacturing method of the present invention:
步骤1)将底布上浆,在浆布机生产:Step 1) sizing the base cloth and producing it on a size cloth machine:
使用的设备:浆布机、上糊轮(一般用30-60目的凹版轮)、涂刀;Equipment used: pulp cloth machine, paste wheel (generally use 30-60 mesh gravure wheel), coating knife;
工艺流程:使用涂刮法用涂刀刮胶并将其涂在底布上,其中,胶水一般使用二液型聚氨酯胶水。Process flow: Squeeze the glue with a knife and apply it on the base fabric using the scraping method. Among them, the glue generally uses two-component polyurethane glue.
工艺条件:烘干温度:120-135℃;烘干时间:1-2分钟Process conditions: drying temperature: 120-135°C; drying time: 1-2 minutes
目的:使底布与胶料粘贴牢固。Purpose: To make the base cloth and rubber stick firmly.
步骤2)采用压延法复合TPU底料;Step 2) Composite TPU primer by calendering;
使用的设备:高速搅拌机、密炼机、开炼机、过滤机、4辊压延机、引取轮、贴合轮、冷却轮和卷取轮,其中,压延法采用常规的压延生产线,不需要用吹膜或T-模流延生产线,既可适用于聚氯乙烯(PVC)人造革的制造,又可适用于热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)人造革的制造。Equipment used: high-speed mixer, internal mixer, open mill, filter, 4-roller calender, take-off wheel, laminating wheel, cooling wheel and coiling wheel. Among them, the calendering method adopts a conventional calendering production line and does not need to use The blown film or T-die casting production line is suitable for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) artificial leather and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) artificial leather.
工艺流程:搅拌——>密炼——>开炼——>过滤——>压延——>引取制备步骤如下所述:Technological process: Stirring —> Banbury —> Open refining —> Filtration —> Calendering —> Extraction The preparation steps are as follows:
步骤21)按上述配比向高速搅拌机中投底料(聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、多元醇衍生物增塑剂、Ba/Zn发泡安定剂、控泡剂、强化填充材料),并进行高速搅拌混匀;Step 21) Throw base materials (polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, polyol derivative plasticizer, Ba/Zn foam stabilizer, foam control agent, reinforced filling material) into the high-speed mixer according to the above ratio, and carry out high-speed stirring mix;
工艺条件:先低速搅拌30秒,后高速搅拌5-6分钟,温度范围102-108℃。Process conditions: Stir at low speed for 30 seconds, then stir at high speed for 5-6 minutes, and the temperature range is 102-108°C.
目的:充分混合各种材料。Purpose: To fully mix various materials.
步骤22)高速搅拌混匀后的底料落入密炼机,待高速搅拌机中落料一半后投入发泡剂AC及色料,然后继续投完底料;Step 22) The base material after high-speed stirring and mixing falls into the internal mixer, and after half of the material is dropped in the high-speed mixer, foaming agent AC and coloring material are added, and then the base material is continued to be cast;
工艺条件:密炼时间4.5-5.5分钟Process conditions: banburying time 4.5-5.5 minutes
目的:将材料进一步混合并初步胶化。Purpose: To further mix and initially gel the material.
步骤23)将经过密炼的底料依序投入开炼机A、B中,经过两次开炼处理;Step 23) Put the bottom material through banburying into the mills A and B in sequence, and process through two millings;
工艺条件:开炼温度110-130℃Process conditions: refining temperature 110-130°C
目的:将材料完全胶化并供料。Purpose: To fully gel the material and feed it.
步骤24)将经过开炼的底料放入过滤机进行过滤,去除杂质;Step 24) putting the bottom material through the refining into a filter for filtering to remove impurities;
工艺条件:模头温度90-130℃;过滤网目为8目×20目Process conditions: Die head temperature 90-130°C; filter mesh 8 mesh × 20 mesh
目的:将杂质去除。Purpose: To remove impurities.
步骤25)将经过过滤的底料放入4辊压延机进行压延;Step 25) putting the filtered base material into a 4-roller calender for calendering;
工艺条件:压延温度115-145℃Process conditions: calendering temperature 115-145°C
目的:将胶料压成片状并调校厚度。Purpose: To press the rubber into a sheet and adjust the thickness.
步骤26)将压延后的底料送入引取轮;Step 26) sending the calendered base material into the take-up wheel;
工艺条件:温度为120-145℃Process conditions: temperature is 120-145°C
目的:通过引取轮拉伸调校出薄膜理想厚度。Purpose: To adjust the ideal thickness of the film by stretching the take-off wheel.
步骤3)采用压延法复合TPU面料;使用的设备和工艺流程和复合TPU底料的相同。Step 3) Composite the TPU fabric by calendering; the equipment and process used are the same as those of the composite TPU bottom material.
制备步骤如下所述:The preparation steps are as follows:
步骤31)按上述配比向高速搅拌机中投面料(聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、多元醇衍生物增塑剂、高分子脂肪酸脂分散剂、硬脂酸、抗氧化剂及紫外线吸收剂),并进行高速搅拌混匀;Step 31) Throw the fabric (polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, polyol derivative plasticizer, polymer fatty acid ester dispersant, stearic acid, antioxidant and ultraviolet absorber) into the high-speed mixer according to the above ratio, and carry out high-speed mixing. Stir and mix;
工艺条件:先低速搅拌30秒,后高速搅拌5-6分钟Process conditions: first stir at low speed for 30 seconds, then stir at high speed for 5-6 minutes
目的:充分混合各种材料。Purpose: To fully mix various materials.
步骤32)高速搅拌混匀后的面料落入密炼机,再投入色料;Step 32) The fabric after high-speed stirring and mixing falls into the internal mixer, and then puts in the coloring material;
工艺条件:密炼时间4.5-5.5分钟Process conditions: banburying time 4.5-5.5 minutes
目的:将材料进一步混合并初步胶化。Purpose: To further mix and initially gel the material.
步骤33)将经过密炼的面料依序投入开炼机A、B中,经过两次开炼处理;Step 33) put the fabrics through internal mixing into the mills A and B in sequence, and process through two times of refining;
工艺条件:开炼温度110-130℃Process conditions: refining temperature 110-130°C
目的:将材料完全胶化并供料。Purpose: To fully gel the material and feed it.
步骤34)将经过开炼的面料放入过滤机进行过滤,去除杂质;Step 34) Putting the refined fabric into a filter to filter and remove impurities;
工艺条件:模头温度90-130℃;过滤网目为20×40×80目Process conditions: Die head temperature 90-130°C; filter mesh 20×40×80 mesh
目的:将杂质去除。Purpose: To remove impurities.
步骤35)将经过过滤的面料放入4辊压延机进行压延;Step 35) putting the filtered fabric into a 4-roll calender for calendering;
工艺条件:压延温度140-165℃Process conditions: calendering temperature 140-165°C
目的:将胶料压成片状并调校厚度。Purpose: To press the rubber into a sheet and adjust the thickness.
步骤36)将压延后的面料送入引取轮;Step 36) sending the calendered fabric into the take-up wheel;
工艺条件:温度为140-165℃Process conditions: temperature is 140-165°C
目的:通过引取轮拉伸调校出薄膜理想厚度。Purpose: To adjust the ideal thickness of the film by stretching the take-off wheel.
步骤4)将底料和面料进行复合,再贴合于底布上;Step 4) Composite the base material and the fabric, and then attach it to the base fabric;
此时,将经过压延并引取出来的底料和面料连同底布一并送至贴合轮在常温条件下进行压合成人造革,厚度为0.05mm-5.00mm,然后将该人造革半成品经过冷却轮冷却,最后由卷取轮取出;At this time, the calendered and extracted bottom material and fabric together with the bottom cloth are sent to the laminating wheel to be pressed into artificial leather under normal temperature conditions, with a thickness of 0.05mm-5.00mm, and then the semi-finished artificial leather is cooled by the cooling wheel , and finally taken out by the take-up wheel;
步骤5)对人造革进行发泡处理;Step 5) foaming the artificial leather;
使用的设备:发泡炉。发泡炉一般有3—5个加热区,当使用3个加热区发泡时,因炉体供热少则加热时间更长;当使用5个加热区发泡时因炉体供热多则加热时间更短。本发明以4个加热区完成发泡过程。Equipment used: foaming furnace. Foaming furnaces generally have 3-5 heating zones. When using 3 heating zones for foaming, the heating time will be longer due to the less heating of the furnace body; The heating time is shorter. The present invention completes the foaming process with 4 heating zones.
4区油加热发泡炉:4 Zones Oil Heated Foaming Furnace:
1#区 180-210℃1# Area 180-210℃
2#区 190-220℃District 2 190-220℃
3#区 180-190℃Area 3# 180-190℃
4#区 170-180℃4# District 170-180℃
速度 12-22mpmSpeed 12-22mpm
步骤6)对人造革进行表面处理;Step 6) carry out surface treatment to artificial leather;
使用的设备:处理机,网目:80-120目Equipment used: processor, mesh: 80-120 mesh
表面处理剂:聚氨酯系表面处理剂Surface treatment agent: polyurethane surface treatment agent
步骤7)最后,将人造革裁剪后包装分卷,即为热塑性聚氨酯人造革成品。Step 7) Finally, the artificial leather is cut and packaged into rolls, which is the finished thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather.
以下通过一个实施例具体说明本发明一种热塑性聚氨酯人造革的制造方法。A kind of manufacturing method of thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather of the present invention is specifically illustrated by an embodiment below.
TPU人造革的规格要求:Specifications of TPU artificial leather:
压纹:DN2(浅皮纹) 色号:U5175(黑色) 光度:T6W1(止滑感)Embossing: DN2 (light leather) Color: U5175 (black) Luminosity: T6W1 (non-slip)
品名:TPU黑色130g轧针棉 厚度:1.4mmProduct name: TPU black 130g gin cotton Thickness: 1.4mm
宽度:1370mm 订造数量:500码 用途:棒球手套Width: 1370mm Quantity: 500 yards Application: baseball glove
制造步骤如下:The manufacturing steps are as follows:
步骤1)使用二液聚氨酯胶水将底布上浆;Step 1) Sizing the base cloth with two liquid polyurethane glue;
工艺条件:烘干温度:135℃上浆轮目:40目Process conditions: Drying temperature: 135°C Sizing wheel mesh: 40 mesh
上浆次数:2次生产线速:25mpmSizing times: 2 Production line speed: 25mpm
步骤2)复合TPU底料(贴胶厚度:0.42mm;贴胶宽度:1422mm)Step 2) Composite TPU base material (adhesive thickness: 0.42mm; adhesive width: 1422mm)
步骤21)按如下底料的配比向高速搅拌机中投料,并进行高速搅拌混匀;Step 21) Feed into the high-speed mixer according to the ratio of the following base materials, and perform high-speed stirring and mixing;
工艺条件:先低速搅拌30秒,后高速搅拌5分钟,温度达到105℃。Process conditions: Stir at low speed for 30 seconds, then stir at high speed for 5 minutes, and the temperature reaches 105°C.
底料配比(重量比)Base material ratio (weight ratio)
热塑性聚氨酯树脂 100kgThermoplastic polyurethane resin 100kg
丙烯酸树脂 2.3kgAcrylic resin 2.3kg
多元醇衍生物 20kgPolyol derivatives 20kg
Ba/Zn发泡安定剂 2.3kgBa/Zn foam stabilizer 2.3kg
控泡剂 1.2kgFoam control agent 1.2kg
强化填充材料 35kgReinforced filling material 35kg
黑色片 0.35kgBlack film 0.35kg
步骤22)高速搅拌混匀后的底料落入密炼机,待高速搅拌机中落料一半后投入发泡剂AC5.8kg及色料黑色片0.35kg,然后继续投完剩下的底料;Step 22) The base material after high-speed stirring and mixing falls into the internal mixer, and after half of the material is dropped in the high-speed mixer, 5.8 kg of foaming agent AC and 0.35 kg of colorant black flakes are added, and then the remaining base material is continued to be cast;
工艺条件:密炼时间:5分钟;落料电流:352AProcess conditions: Mixing time: 5 minutes; Blanking current: 352A
步骤23)将经过密炼的底料依序投入开炼机A、B中,经过两次开炼处理;Step 23) Put the bottom material through banburying into the mills A and B in sequence, and process through two millings;
工艺条件:开炼温度120℃Process conditions: opening temperature 120°C
步骤24)将经过开炼的底料放入过滤机进行过滤,去除杂质;Step 24) putting the bottom material through the refining into a filter for filtering to remove impurities;
工艺条件:模头温度110℃;过滤网目为8目×20目Process conditions: Die head temperature 110°C; filter mesh 8 mesh × 20 mesh
步骤25)将经过过滤的底料放入4辊压延机进行压延;Step 25) putting the filtered base material into a 4-roller calender for calendering;
工艺条件:前轮温度:134℃;上轮温度:134℃;Process conditions: front wheel temperature: 134°C; upper wheel temperature: 134°C;
中轮温度:126℃;下轮温度:126℃Middle wheel temperature: 126°C; Lower wheel temperature: 126°C
步骤26)将压延后的底料送入引取轮;Step 26) sending the calendered base material into the take-up wheel;
工艺条件:温度为128℃ Process conditions: temperature is 128°C
步骤3)采用压延法复合TPU面料;使用的设备和工艺流程和复合TPU底料的相同。(贴胶厚度:0.18mm;贴胶宽度:1422mm)Step 3) Composite the TPU fabric by calendering; the equipment and process used are the same as those of the composite TPU bottom material. (Adhesive thickness: 0.18mm; Adhesive width: 1422mm)
制备步骤如下所述:The preparation steps are as follows:
步骤31)按如下面料的配比向高速搅拌机中投料,并进行高速搅拌混匀;Step 31) Feed materials into the high-speed mixer according to the proportion of the following fabrics, and perform high-speed stirring and mixing;
工艺条件:先低速搅拌30秒,后高速搅拌6分钟;温度达到102℃Process conditions: first stir at low speed for 30 seconds, then stir at high speed for 6 minutes; the temperature reaches 102°C
面料配比(重量比)Fabric ratio (weight ratio)
热塑性聚氨酯树脂 100kgThermoplastic Polyurethane Resin 100kg
丙烯酸树脂 11.6kgAcrylic resin 11.6kg
多元醇衍生物 20kgPolyol derivatives 20kg
高分子脂肪酸脂 0.58kgPolymer fatty acid 0.58kg
强化填充材料 28kgReinforced filling material 28kg
黑色片 1.6kgBlack film 1.6kg
步骤32)将高速搅拌混匀后的面料落入密炼机,再投入色料黑色片1.6kg;Step 32) The fabric after high-speed stirring and mixing is dropped into the internal mixer, and then 1.6 kg of black flakes of coloring material are dropped into;
工艺条件:密炼时间4分钟;落料电流:281AProcess conditions: mixing time 4 minutes; blanking current: 281A
步骤33)将经过密炼的面料依序投入开炼机A、B中,经过两次开炼处理;Step 33) put the fabrics through internal mixing into the mills A and B in sequence, and process through two times of refining;
工艺条件:开炼温度120℃Process conditions: opening temperature 120°C
步骤34)将经过开炼的面料放入过滤机进行过滤,去除杂质;Step 34) Putting the refined fabric into a filter to filter and remove impurities;
工艺条件:模头温度120℃;过滤网目:20×40×80目Process conditions: Die head temperature 120°C; Filter mesh: 20×40×80 mesh
步骤35)将经过过滤的面料放入4辊压延机进行压延;Step 35) putting the filtered fabric into a 4-roll calender for calendering;
工艺条件:前轮温度:160℃;上轮温度:160℃;Process conditions: front wheel temperature: 160°C; upper wheel temperature: 160°C;
中轮温度:154℃;下轮温度:154℃ Middle wheel temperature: 154°C; Lower wheel temperature: 154°C
步骤36)将压延后的面料送入引取轮;Step 36) sending the calendered fabric into the take-up wheel;
工艺条件:温度为154℃ Process conditions: temperature is 154°C
步骤4)将底料和面料进行复合;Step 4) composite base material and fabric;
此时,将经过压延并引取出来的底料和面料一并送至贴合轮在常温条件下进行压合人造革,然后将该人造革半成品经过冷却轮冷却,最后由卷取轮取出。At this time, the calendered and extracted base material and fabric are sent to the laminating wheel to press the artificial leather under normal temperature conditions, and then the semi-finished artificial leather is cooled by the cooling wheel, and finally taken out by the coiling wheel.
步骤5)对人造革进行发泡处理;Step 5) foaming the artificial leather;
使用的设备:发泡炉Equipment used: foaming furnace
4区油加热发泡炉:4 Zones Oil Heated Foaming Furnace:
1#区:200℃ 压花轮:DN2Zone 1: 200℃ Embossing wheel: DN2
2#区:200℃ 速度:20.6mpmZone 2: 200℃ Speed: 20.6mpm
3#区:190℃ 压力:2kgf/cm2 Zone 3: 190°C Pressure: 2kgf/cm 2
4#区:188℃Area 4#: 188°C
步骤6)对人造革进行表面处理;Step 6) carry out surface treatment to artificial leather;
使用的设备:处理机Equipment used: Processor
表面处理剂:止滑感聚氨酯表面处理剂Surface treatment agent: anti-slip polyurethane surface treatment agent
网目:80目Mesh: 80 mesh
处理次数:1次Processing times: 1 time
步骤7)最后,将人造革裁剪后包装分卷,即为热塑性聚氨酯人造革成品。Step 7) Finally, the artificial leather is cut and packaged into rolls, which is the finished thermoplastic polyurethane artificial leather.
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,因此依本发明申请专利范围所作的等同变化,仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the patent scope of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
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