CN100483888C - Economic adjusting and control method for top layer of the static mixed automatic voltage control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the electrical network voltage idle work automatic control technology area, its characteristic lies in based on the electrical power system network parameter and various generatrixes pitch point voltage, current, the merit and the reactive power actual value formed the Jacobian matrix, find out the actual sum lose value; again construct the optimization objective function to obtain the minimum value of the system sum active lose; then formed the discrete logic event, solved the optimization objective function to get the voltage value, the voltage value of idle work compensation node and the transformation ratio value on load tap changing transformer as the control command output, in order to adjust the above node parameter. The invention guarantees the voltage quality and simultaneously enhances the movement efficiency.

Description

Static state blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control

Technical field

Present technique is invented the voltage power-less autocontrol method in large area electrical network, provincial power network and the area power grid that belongs to electric power system.

Background technology

The appearance that power system development impels people constantly to make great efforts to improve fail safe and stability, the especially electricity market of electric power system is had higher requirement to the stability of electric power system, and makes the safe and stable operation problem of electric power system have new characteristics.General station, power plant is away from load center, but because the factor of economy and environmental protection etc., on the one hand, the development of some electric power networks does not catch up with the needs that electric load increases fast, makes some transmission lines be in heavy duty or overload operation state; On the other hand, the enforcement of electricity market will make the amount of rising and falling of load and the randomness of variation strengthen.Therefore keep the system voltage level, the voltage stability that improves quality of voltage and maintenance system becomes one and has challenging problem.

Just under such background, the present invention will blend together the theory of automatic control system and introduce voltage control, be driving with the discrete event, propose static state and blend together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control, realization is guaranteed the optimization of via net loss to the economy control of voltage.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide static state to blend together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control in electric power system.The present invention introduces theory and the technology that blendes together control, in control with discrete event as driving, blend together the top economy coordination optimization control that can realize of automatism voltage control in static state to system voltage, and can calculate automatically and regulate and control by computer, when guaranteeing quality of voltage, improve the performance driving economy of electric power system.The application of this invention is applicable to that static state blendes together the economic adjusting and control of automatism voltage control.

The invention is characterized in that this method blendes together in static state that the top economic adjusting and control computer of automatism voltage control realizes according to following steps successively:

Step (1): initialization

Set: the 1. network parameter of electric power system, comprising series resistance, series reactance, shunt conductance and the shunt susceptance of transmission line; The no-load voltage ratio of transformer and impedance; Be connected in parallel on the capacitor on the transmission line and the impedance of reactor; The title of the bus nodes of electric power system;

2. given generator node number α _GWith the bus name, reactive-load compensator node number α _SWith the bus name, the number α of the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node _DWith the bus name, and on-load tap-changing transformer number α _FWith the bus name;

3. the quiescent voltage economic index W of electric power system, 5 〉=W 〉=1,

Given: the real-time measurement data of electric power system, comprising voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power of each bus nodes, and the no-load voltage ratio value of on-load tap-changing transformer;

Step (2): the current time after k sampling interval, according to the real time data described in the step (1), and the network parameter of electric power system, form the current trend of electric power system and calculate the Jacobian matrix that uses, and calculate the real-time network active power loss value S of current time electric power system according to following formula _Loss[k],

$S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]=\mathrm{Re}\{\stackrel{\·}{V}{\left[k\right]}^T\·(Y\·\stackrel{\·}{V}\left[k\right])\}$

Wherein Y is to be the node admittance matrix that reference node is set up with ground,

Symbol " T " is the transpose of a matrix functional symbol,

$\begin{array}{cccccc}\stackrel{\·}{V}\left[k\right]=[V_{G1}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{G1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]}& V_{s1}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{s1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{S\α}}_s}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{\mathrm{S\αS}}\left[k\right]}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ccc}{V}_{D1}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{D1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{D\α}}_D}\left[k\right]e^{{\mathrm{j\θ}}_{\mathrm{D\αD}}\left[k\right]}{]}^T\end{array}$

Wherein

Be m generator node voltage measuring value, amplitude is V _Gm[k], phase angle are θ _Gm[k], m are the sequence number of generator node, m=1 ..., α _G,

Be the voltage measured value of n reactive-load compensator node, amplitude is V _Sn[k], phase angle are θ _Sn[k], n are the sequence number of reactive-load compensator node, n=1 ..., α _S,

Be the voltage measured value of r the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node, amplitude is V _Dr[k], phase angle are θ _Dr[k], r are the sequence number of the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node, r=1 ..., α _D,

[k] is the column vector that all bus nodes voltage measured values of system are formed;

Step (3): the real time data of the current time electric power system that obtains according to step (1), calculate the minimum value S of the total circuit active power loss of electric power system under the optimization trend condition according to following formula _Eco[k],

S _eco[k]＝J(x[k]，u[k])

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\underset{u}{\min }& J(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])\\ s.t.& f(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])=0\\ & h(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])\≤0\end{array}\right.$

Wherein $u\left[k\right]={\left[\begin{array}{ccccccccc}{V}_{G1}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]& V_{S1}\left[k\right]& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{S\α}}_s}\left[k\right]& t_1\left[k\right]& \·\·\·& t_{{\mathrm{\α}}_F}\left[k\right]\end{array}\right]}^T$

U[k] represent control variables, comprise the voltage reference value of each generator node, the voltage reference value of each reactive-load compensator node and the no-load voltage ratio reference value of on-load tap-changing transformer,

X[k] represent state variable, comprise in the system voltage of each bus nodes, electric current, active power and reactive power value except control variables,

J (x[k], u[k]) be the target function of descriptive system performance driving economy, the optimization aim function of promptly total line loss minimum

F (x[k], u[k])=0 is the system load flow equation,

Inequality constraints when h (x[k], u[k])≤0 is moved for system,

Step (4): obtain according to the described optimization aim function of step (3): the voltage reference value of each generator node based on total line loss minimum M is the sequence number of generator node, m=1 ..., α _G, the voltage reference value of each reactive-load compensator node

N is the sequence number of reactive-load compensator node, n=1 ..., α _SAnd the no-load voltage ratio reference value of on-load tap-changing transformer

Wherein l is the sequence number of on-load tap-changing transformer F, l=1 ..., α _F

Step (5): the logical condition that is set as follows constitutes " incident " E _Eco[k] forms discrete event

$E_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right]=\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}{P}_{\mathrm{econ}},& \mathrm{if}& S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]>W\×S_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right],\\ P_{\mathrm{enon}},& \mathrm{if}& S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]\≤W\×S_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right],\end{array}\right.$

P wherein _EconRepresent current needs to carry out the voltage economic control,

P _EnonRepresent the current voltage economic control that do not need to carry out,

When incident is P _EnonThe time, then the control command of economic adjusting and control link output is 0,

When incident is P _EconThe time, then the control reference quantity of economic adjusting and control link each Control Node that step (4) is obtained is exported as control command.

The present invention is according to continuous dynamic process that moves and discrete control command, the interactional characteristics of discrete operations in the electric power system, to blend together control system and introduce the quiescent voltage control of electric power system, and propose static state and blended together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control.As driving, logical order and continuous dynamic process interaction can realize the automatic synchronization optimal control to the system voltage economy, improve the performance driving economy of electric power system when guaranteeing quality of voltage with discrete event in the present invention.

Advantage of the present invention has:

1) to blend together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control be that incident (Events) drives to the static state that proposes of the present invention, control command corresponds directly to incident and reaches the purpose of eliminating this incident, and existing other voltage control scheme all starts with setting-up time;

2) static state that proposes of the present invention blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control and all guarantees electric power system real-time network active loss value S in any moment of system _Loss[k] all guarantees power system network active loss value S in any moment of system _Loss[k] is all less than the minimal network active loss value S under the optimal load flow at that time _EcoThe W of [k] doubly.This means that electric power system all satisfies the quiescent voltage economic index of electric power system at any time.

The static state that the present invention proposes blendes together the static state that the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control can be useful for each big zone of China and provincial and regional power system and blendes together among the automatic voltage control system, and produces great economic and social benefit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1. the hardware platform of the method for the invention.

Fig. 2. the program flow chart of the method for the invention.

Fig. 3 .6 machine 22 bus-bar system winding diagrams.

Embodiment

The present invention as driving, blendes together the automatism voltage control top economy coordination optimization control (as shown in Figure 1) that can realize system voltage in static state with discrete event

This invention comprises following step (flow process is referring to Fig. 2):

The implementation that the static state that the present invention proposes blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control and can be calculated automatically and regulates and control as shown in Figure 1 by computer.。

This invention comprises following step (flow process is referring to Fig. 2):

Step 1: under off-line state, provide the index of aspects such as the relevant voltage economy of electric power system and the parameter of system, specifically comprise: (a) the quiescent voltage economic index W of electric power system; (b) Control Node information in the given electric power system comprises the quantity separately and the bus name of generator node, reactive-load compensator node and Loading voltage regulator node; (c) grid parameter;

Step 2: the real-time numerical value of voltage voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power of given each bus nodes of electric power system;

Step 3: according to the numerical value of voltage voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power of given each bus nodes of electric power system, and the power system network parameter, form the current power system load flow and calculate the Jacobian matrix that uses;

Step 4: the real-time network active loss value S that calculates the current time electric power system then _Loss[k];

Step 5: according to the real time data of current time electric power system, and each Control Node information in the given electric power system, calculate the minimal network active loss value S under the current time electric power system optimal load flow _Eco[k], and the control reference value of each Control Node;

Step 6: " incident " trigger mechanism according to definition forms outgoing event, P _EconAnd P _EnonRepresent current needs respectively and do not need to carry out the voltage economic control;

Step 7: if the incident that forms is P _Enon, the then static control command that blendes together the top economy controlling unit output of automatism voltage control is 0;

Step 8: if the incident that forms is P _Econ, then static state blendes together the top economic adjusting and control link of automatism voltage control the control reference quantity of each Control Node of obtaining in the step (5) is exported as control command;

The effect of the static hybrid automatic voltage control method that proposes in order to verify, we carry out Computer Simulation research, and emulation test system adopts 6 machines, 22 bus-bar systems (as shown in Figure 3).

Set: at k=0 constantly, (a) the emulation test system network parameter sees Table 1, (b) the quiescent voltage economic index W=1.1 of electric power system; (c) given generators in power systems Control Node has 5, is respectively node No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and 1 of reactive-load compensator Control Node is No. 6 nodes;

Given: voltage voltage, electric current and the active power of this each bus nodes of system and the real-time numerical value of reactive power see Table 2;

System enters static state and blendes together the top economic adjusting and control link of automatism voltage control.This link employing " static state blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control " is judged the voltage economy and is handled.(a) calculate the network active loss value S of k=0 electric power system constantly _Loss[0]=0.474; (b) calculate minimal network active loss value S under the current time electric power system optimal load flow simultaneously _Eco[0]=0.389, the voltage reference value of correspondence each generator node of system under this loss $V_{G-1}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.00000,$ $V_{G-2}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.06375,$ $V_{G-3}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=0.99703,$ $V_{G-4}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.10000,$ $V_{G-5}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.10000,$ The voltage reference value of reactive-load compensator node $V_{S-1}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.07302;$ (c) because S _Loss[0]=0.474〉W * S _Eco[0]=0.428, the therefore static incident that blendes together the top economic adjusting and control link formation of automatism voltage control is P _Econ(d) because incident is P _EconSo the economic adjusting and control link is output as the voltage reference value of each generator node $V_{G-1}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.00000,$ $V_{G-2}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.06375,$ $V_{G-3}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=0.99703,$ $V_{G-4}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.10000,$ $V_{G-5}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.10000,$ The voltage reference value of reactive-load compensator node $V_{S-1}^{\mathrm{ref}}\left[0\right]=1.07302.$

After control command issued, electric power system moved adjustment.The voltage that obtains each generator node at k=1 constantly is V _G-1[1]=0.9914, V _G-2[1]=1.0435, V _G-3[1]=0.9787, V _G-4[1]=1.08955, V _G-5[1]=1.07967, V _G-6[1]=1.0356, simultaneity factor enters static state once more and blendes together the top economic adjusting and control link of automatism voltage control.(a) calculate the network active loss value S of k=1 electric power system constantly _Loss[1]=0.411; (b) because S _Loss[1]=0.411＜W * S _Eco[0]=0.428, the therefore static incident that blendes together the top economic adjusting and control link formation of automatism voltage control is P _Enon(c) to blend together the control command of the top economic adjusting and control link of automatism voltage control output be 0 to static state;

Emulation testing is the result show: static state blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control makes power system network active loss value S _Loss[k] is all less than the minimal network active loss value S under the optimal load flow at that time _EcoThe W of [k] doubly this means that electric power system all satisfies the quiescent voltage economic index of electric power system at any time.

Table 1. line parameter circuit value

Bus I	Bus J	R	X	B/N ＊
					1	7	0.0000	0.0150	1.050 ＊
2	9	0.0000	0.0217	1.075 ＊
					3	22	0.0000	0.0124	1.100 *
4	19	0.0000	0.0640	1.025 *
					5	18	0.0000	0.0375	1.050 *
6	17	0.0000	0.0337	1.000 ＊
					7	8	0.0106	0.0740	0.0000
7	9	0.0147	0.0104	0.0000
					8	9	0.0034	0.0131	0.0000
8	22	0.0537	0.1900	-0.1653
					9	10	0.0000	-0.0020	1.000 *
9	22	0.0599	0.2180	-0.1954
					10	11	0.0000	0.0180	1.000 ＊
11	11	0.0000	0.7318	0.0000
					11	12	0.0033	0.0343	-1.8797
12	12	0.0000	0.7318	0.0000

15	12	0.0000	0.0180	1.000 ＊
					12	13	0.0024	0.0255	-1.3950
17	13	0.0000	0.0100	1.000 *
					14	15	0.0000	-0.0020	1.000 ＊
14	19	0.0034	0.0200	0.0000
					16	16	0.0000	-1.9930	0.0000
17	16	0.0000	0.0010	1.027 ＊
					16	18	0.0033	0.0333	0.0000
16	19	0.0578	0.2180	-0.1807
					16	20	0.0165	0.0662	-0.2353
16	21	0.0374	0.1780	-0.1640
					19	21	0.0114	0.0370	0.0000
20	22	0.0214	0.0859	-0.3008
					21	22	0.0150	0.0607	-0.2198

Table 2. flow data

Bus	P g	V t/Q g ＊	P load	Q load
					1	6.0	1.0	0.0	0.0
2	6.0	3.2 *	0.0	0.0
					3	3.1	1.0	0.0	0.0
4	1.6	0.7 *	0.0	0.0
					5	4.3	3.34 *	0.0	0.0
6	-0.01	1.0	0.0	0.0
					8	0.0	0.0 *	2.87	1.44
9	0.0	0.0 *	3.76	2.21
					16	0.0	0.0 *	5.0	2.9
18	0.0	0.0 *	4.3	2.6
					19	0.0	0.0 *	0.864	0.662
20	0.0	0.0 *	0.72	0.47
					21	0.0	0.0 *	0.7	0.5
22	0.0	0.0 *	2.26	1.59

Claims (1)

1, static state blendes together the top economic adjusting and control method of automatism voltage control, it is characterized in that, this method blendes together in the top economic adjusting and control computer of automatism voltage control in static state and realizes according to the following steps successively:

Step (1): initialization

Set: the 1. network parameter of electric power system, comprising series resistance, series reactance, shunt conductance and the shunt susceptance of transmission line; The no-load voltage ratio of transformer and impedance; Be connected in parallel on the capacitor on the transmission line and the impedance of reactor; The title of the bus nodes of electric power system;

2. given generator node number α _GWith the bus name, reactive-load compensator node number α _SWith the bus name, the number α of the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node _DWith the bus name, and on-load tap-changing transformer number α _FWith the bus name;

3. the quiescent voltage economic index W of electric power system, 5 〉=W 〉=1,

Given: the real-time measurement data of electric power system, comprising voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power of each bus nodes, and the no-load voltage ratio value of on-load tap-changing transformer;

Step (2): the current time after k sampling interval, according to the real time data described in the step (1), and the network parameter of electric power system, form the current trend of electric power system and calculate the Jacobian matrix that uses, and calculate the real-time network active power loss value S of current time electric power system according to following formula _Loss[k],

$S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]=\mathrm{Re}\{\stackrel{\·}{V}{\left[k\right]}^T\·(Y\·\stackrel{\·}{V}\left[k\right])\}$

Wherein Y is to be the node admittance matrix that reference node is set up with ground,

Symbol " T " is the transpose of a matrix functional symbol,

$\begin{array}{cccccc}\stackrel{\·}{V}{\left[k\right]=V}_{G1}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{G1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]}& V_{s1}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{S1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{S\α}}_S}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{\mathrm{S\αS}}\left[k\right]}\end{array}$

${\left.\begin{array}{ccc}{V}_{D1}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{D1}\left[k\right]}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{D\α}}_D}\left[k\right]e^{j{\mathrm{\θ}}_{\mathrm{D\αD}}\left[k\right]}\end{array}\right]}^T$

Wherein Be m generator node voltage measuring value, amplitude is V _Gm[k], phase angle are θ _Gm[k], m are the sequence number of generator node, m=1 ..., α _G,

Be the voltage measured value of n reactive-load compensator node, amplitude is V _Sn[k], phase angle are θ _Sn[k], n are the sequence number of reactive-load compensator node, n=1 ..., α _S,

Be the voltage measured value of r the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node, amplitude is V _Dr[k], phase angle are θ _Dr[k], r are the sequence number of the bus nodes except generator node and reactive-load compensator node, r=1 ..., α _D,

Column vector for all bus nodes voltage measured values compositions of system;

Step (3): the real time data of the current time electric power system that obtains according to step (1), calculate the minimum value S of the total circuit active power loss of electric power system under the optimization trend condition according to following formula _Eco[k],

S _eco[k]＝J(x[k]，u[k])

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\underset{u}{\min }J(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])\\ s.t.f(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])=0\\ h(x\left[k\right],u\left[k\right])\≤0\end{array}\right.$

Wherein $u\left[k\right]={\left[\begin{array}{ccccccccc}{V}_{G1}& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{G\α}}_G}\left[k\right]& V_{S1}\left[k\right]& \·\·\·& V_{{\mathrm{S\α}}_S}\left[k\right]& t_1\left]k\right]& \·\·\·& t_{{\mathrm{\α}}_F}\left[k\right]\end{array}\right]}^T$

U[k] represent control variables, comprise the voltage reference value of each generator node, the voltage reference value of each reactive-load compensator node and the no-load voltage ratio reference value of on-load tap-changing transformer,

X[k] represent state variable, comprise in the system voltage of each bus nodes, electric current, active power and reactive power value except control variables,

J (x[k], u[k]) be the target function of descriptive system performance driving economy, the optimization aim function of promptly total line loss minimum

F (x[k], u[k])=0 is the system load flow equation,

Inequality constraints when h (x[k], u[k])≤0 is moved for system,

Step (4): obtain according to the described optimization aim function of step (3): the voltage reference value of each generator node based on total line loss minimum

M is the sequence number of generator node, m=1 ..., α _G, the voltage reference value of each reactive-load compensator node

N is the sequence number of reactive-load compensator node, n=1 ..., α _SAnd the no-load voltage ratio reference value of on-load tap-changing transformer Wherein l is the sequence number of on-load tap-changing transformer F, l=1 ..., α _F

Step (5): the logical condition that is set as follows constitutes " incident " E _Eco[k] forms discrete event

$E_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right]=\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}{P}_{\mathrm{econ}},& \mathrm{if}& S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]>W\×S_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right],\\ P_{\mathrm{enon}},& \mathrm{if}& S_{\mathrm{loss}}\left[k\right]\≤W\×S_{\mathrm{eco}}\left[k\right],\end{array}\right.$

P wherein _EconRepresent current needs to carry out the voltage economic control,

P _EnonRepresent the current voltage economic control that do not need to carry out,

When incident is P _EnonThe time, then the control command of economic adjusting and control link output is 0,

When incident is P _EconThe time, then the control reference quantity of economic adjusting and control link each Control Node that step (4) is obtained is exported as control command.

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