CN100482337C - 用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的反应器 - Google Patents

用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的反应器 Download PDF

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CN100482337C
CN100482337C CNB031042201A CN03104220A CN100482337C CN 100482337 C CN100482337 C CN 100482337C CN B031042201 A CNB031042201 A CN B031042201A CN 03104220 A CN03104220 A CN 03104220A CN 100482337 C CN100482337 C CN 100482337C
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reactor
particle
delivery pipe
catalytic
flow
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CN1436584A (zh
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H·F·A·托普瑟
H·詹森-霍尔姆
O·埃克纳
S·S·埃尼沃尔德森
M·托尔豪格
P·莫尔辛
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Topsoe AS
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Haldor Topsoe AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • B01J8/0065—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream by impingement against stationary members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00654—Controlling the process by measures relating to the particulate material
    • B01J2208/00707—Fouling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的上流式反应器，其包括一催化单元和至少一在一反应器壁内位于该催化单元上游的排放管。

Description

用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的反应器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的反应器，本发明尤其涉及一种适于去除颗粒的上流式催化反应器。
背景技术
催化反应器中气体内存在颗粒具有很多问题.例如灰尘的颗粒造成催化床的腐蚀和积垢。在使用上流式系统的反应器中，大量的灰尘沉积在催化床上并导致该床中通道的堵塞。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于提供一种能够去除存在于进入该反应器的气体内的颗粒的催化反应器。
这由本发明得以实现，其提供一用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的上流式反应器，该反应器包括一催化单元和至少一在反应器壁内位于该催化单元上游的排放管。
该反应器特别适于从排放气体中去除例如灰尘的颗粒，从该排放气体必须去除氮氧化物(Nox)。
附图说明
图1表示本发明特别实施例和不同部件的图示；
图2表示该反应器的水平截面(从该内壁和该导向叶片的上方观察)，以表示内壁的位置，导向叶片位于入口和反应器中；以及
图3表示该反应器的透视图和内壁的位置。
具体实施方式
该反应器将在下面详细描述：
图1表示本发明特别实施例和不同部件的图示。该反应器是上流式并具有一存在于该反应器底部上的入口(1)，含有颗粒的气态供应流通过该入口进入。导向叶片(8)可存在于入口和该反应器内以便在催化床的方向上引导气体。然而，它们对于本发明反应器的存在不重要，并因此它们的存在是可任选的。
该反应器包括一催化单元，并且附图表示一带有两个催化床的反应器。在通过该导向叶片(8)之后，含有颗粒的气体朝向该催化床(3)引导通过灰尘整流器(2)。灰尘整流器(2)调整气体中的固体灰尘颗粒在进入催化床(3)之前的路径.在通过催化床(3)之后，含有部分颗粒的气体进入催化床(4)并最后通过出口(5)离开该反应器。该反应器的底部具有用于收集灰尘颗粒的出口(6)。收集的灰尘颗粒接着通过输送系统输送到存储装置中。
在其通过该反应器时，含有颗粒的气体在进入催化床(3)之前存在于该反应器的孔隙内。在进入床(3)内的孔隙/通道时，该灰尘颗粒经历一个加速。这是由于颗粒的催化孔隙速度大于颗粒反应器孔隙速度的1.4～1.5倍。因此有些颗粒通过该催化床进入两个催化床(3)和(4)下游的反应器孔隙中，此处它们如上所述导致该催化床的积垢和堵塞。
本发明的反应器包括至少一位于该反应器孔隙内该入口和该催化单元之间的排放管(7)。排放管(7)用作颗粒收集器并用作颗粒的排放.该排放管的上端开口，并且这允许颗粒进入该排放管以便收集。收集的颗粒从该排放管的开口底端排放到出口(6)，并且它们输送到存储装置中。
在围绕该导向叶片的区域内经历一定量的气体和颗粒紊流。该排放管的位置可变化。在本发明的一实施例中，该排放管可靠近该导向叶片定位。将该管的上端靠近该导向叶片放置有助于在该催化床上游的反应器孔隙中收集灰尘。
在本发明的另一实施例中，其中存在多个排放管，该管在该反应器孔隙内均匀放置。
本发明的另一实施例通过将内壁与该反应器壁同心并与之间隔来代替多个排放管实现。图2表示该反应器的水平截面(从该内壁和该导向叶片的上方观察)，以表示内壁(7)的位置。导向叶片(8)可存在于该入口和该反应器中。
在本发明的上流式反应器不是管状的情况中，该反应器壁包括多个侧部，表示在图2和3中的反应器包括四个反应器侧部。
图3表示该反应器的透视图和内壁(7)的位置.为清楚起见，该导向叶片未在图3中示出。该内壁和该反应器壁形成排放环，其放置在入口(1)和催化单元(3和4)之间。排放环用作颗粒收集器并用作颗粒的排放。该排放环的上端开口，并且这允许颗粒进入该排放环以便在该反应器的底部收集。该排放环在面向气体入口导管(1)的端部闭合以便防止含有颗粒的气体流入该排放环并扰乱颗粒的收集。
图2和3中，该内壁在三个反应器侧部上放置成于该反应器壁同心并与之间隔。该内壁可同样安装成只与反应器侧部的一个或两个平行.该内壁和该反应器壁之间的距离至少为5cm，并根据该反应器尺寸确定.由该内壁和该反应器壁形成的排放环可具有200cm的长度，或更长，例如1～10m。
存在于该反应器内的排放管的数量根据气体内颗粒含量和该反应器的尺寸可变化。可以在反应器内具有1～100个排放管，尽管更多数量也是可行的。该排放管具有至少5cm的水压直径，并且它们的长度取决于该反应器的尺寸。该管可具有200cm的长度，或更长，例如1～10m。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于从含有颗粒的气体中去除灰尘和其它固体颗粒的上流式催化反应器，该反应器包括催化单元和在反应器壁内位于该催化单元上游以便收集颗粒的至少一个排放管，排放管具有用于颗粒进入的开放上端和用于将颗粒排放到反应器底部出口的开放底端。
2.如权利要求1所述的上流式反应器，其特征在于，所述至少一个排放管与该反应器壁同心并与之隔开。
3.如权利要求1所述的上流式反应器，其特征在于，至少两个排放管等距放置在该反应器壁内。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的上流式反应器，其特征在于，导向叶片定位在该催化单元的上游。
5.如权利要求4所述的上流式反应器，其特征在于，所述至少一个排放管具有靠近该导向叶片放置的上端。
CNB031042201A 2002-02-08 2003-02-08 用于催化处理含有颗粒的气体的反应器 Expired - Fee Related CN100482337C (zh)

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US20030152499A1 (en) 2003-08-14
RU2320405C2 (ru) 2008-03-27
CA2418488C (en) 2011-03-29
CN1436584A (zh) 2003-08-20
CA2418488A1 (en) 2003-08-08
KR100516914B1 (ko) 2005-09-23
KR20030067572A (ko) 2003-08-14
US7138094B2 (en) 2006-11-21

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