CN100481678C - Reluctance type rotating machine with permanent magnets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable reluctance rotary electric machine which comprises a stator with an armature winding and a rotor with a rotor iron core and an annular component out of the rotor iron core. Wherein, the rotor iron core comprises a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of interpoles. Every magnetic pole consists of the iron core extending outwards along the radial direction of the rotor. Every interpole is arranged between the adjacent magnetic poles along the peripheral direction of the rotor. The annular component is arranged at the rotor iron core to surround the circumference of the magnetic pole and at every side of the magnetic pole along the peripheral direction, the rotor is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets which are magnetized to contract the armature flux through the interpole.

Description

Reluctance rotary motor with permanent magnet

The application number that the application submits on September 29th, 1999 for same applicant is " 99120569.3 ", denomination of invention dividing an application for the application for a patent for invention of " reluctance rotary motor with permanent magnet ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reluctance rotary motor that permanent magnet is housed, this motor compacts small and exquisite, has big power output, and owing to adopted new field structure, can be with various speed rotations.

Background technology

As shown in Figure 1, reluctance rotary motor early comprises stator 1 and field spider 3, and stator 1 has armature winding 2, because this electric rotating machine does not need to be used to form the coil around the field system of rotor 3, rotor 3 has uneven iron core 4.So this reluctance rotary motor is simple in structure, and is cheap.

We illustrate the principle of the power output that produces reluctance rotary motor now.Because the inhomogeneities of rotor, reluctance rotary motor shows little magnetic resistance at the lug boss of rotor, shows big magnetic resistance at the depressed part of rotor.That is, between the space above the lug boss and another space above the depressed part, exist stored magnetic energy poor.The power of reluctance rotary motor exports the variation of self-magnetic energy.Notice, can form inhomogeneities how much by not only allowing, and allow to form the structure of magnetic inhomogeneities that promptly magnetic resistance and magnetic flux distribution provide lug boss and depressed part according to the structure that the position of rotor changes.

The permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine is another kind of high-performance electric rotating machine.In this electric rotating machine, on the whole circumference of rotor core, be furnished with a plurality of permanent magnets, but the armature winding of motor is similar to the armature winding of induction machine, the armature winding of reluctance rotary motor etc.

Because the inhomogeneities on iron core surface, reluctance rotary motor has different magnetic resistance, depends on the position of rotation of rotor.The variation of magnetic resistance causes magnetic energy to be changed, thereby produces the power output of rotor.

But in the reluctance rotary motor of routine, the increase of electric current causes local magnetic saturation extended on the lug boss of rotor 4.Like this, the magnetic saturation of expansion also will make the magnetic flux in the groove that drains between the magnetic pole increase, so that the effective flux reduction, reduce power output simultaneously.

On the other hand, using the reluctance rotary motor of " rare earth metal " permanent magnet with high energy product is another kind of high-power electric rotating machine.Because the layout of permanent magnet on the rotor core surface, when adopting high-energy permanent magnet to form magnetic field, the permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine can form high-intensity magnetic field in the air-gap of motor, and formation is compacted small and exquisite, powerful electric rotating machine.

Yet, should note because the magnetic flux of each magnet is constant, so respond to the rotating speed that the voltage that produces is proportional to rotor in the armature winding, become big gradually.So,,, so under constant current and voltage, be difficult to realize " specified output " running of motor with 2 times or the rotary speed that more is multiple times than base speed until high speed rotating if require motor with various variable speed operations.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of reluctance rotary motor, this motor compacts small and exquisite, and power output is high, and can turn round under the variable velocity of broad range.

In order to realize above-described purpose of the present invention, according to the 1st aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of reluctance rotary motor, comprising:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor with rotor core, it is unbalanced to form magnetic along the periphery of rotor direction;

Be arranged in the rotor core, be used for offsetting a plurality of permanent magnets from the armature winding magnetic flux that passes through between the adjacent pole of determining at rotor, each permanent magnet is magnetized along a direction, and this direction is different from makes the rotor magnetization be easy to direction; And

Wherein in rotor core, guarantee a magnetic part by this way, when not being energized with convenient armature winding, permanent magnet magnetic Flux Distribution more than 30% (percentage) is in rotor, and when motor is loaded, 10% of the compound interlinkage flux that the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet (interlinkage flux) is formed greater than electric current and permanent magnet.

Compound chain above noting connects magnetic flux by the change that differs between the magnetic flux vector of the magnetic flux vector of electric current and permanent magnet.So the amount of the compound interlinkage flux of our regulations when two phase places that are independent of each other each other are in the right angle intersection state is with being above-mentioned compound interlinkage flux of the present invention now.

When forming magnetic around rotor core when unbalanced, this unbalanced magnetic ledge portion constitutes a magnetic pole of reluctance motor, and the magnetic depressed part is as the compole (being the part between the adjacent pole) of motor.That is, magnetic ledge portion is easy to " easy magnetization " direction corresponding to the magnetization that makes rotor, and the magnetic depressed part is corresponding to " hard direction " that be difficult to magnetized rotor.

According to the present invention, permanent magnet is disposed in the magnetic depressed part of rotor core.In addition, in rotor core, provide the magnetic flux of permanent magnet is enclosed in the short circuit, when not being energized with convenient armature winding, the magnetic part of permanent magnet magnetic Flux Distribution in rotor that 30% (percentage) is above.By this structure, the induced voltage that produces in the time of can rotating rotor drop to electric rotating machine rated voltage 0～70%.For example, be adjusted at induced voltage under 33% the situation, even electric rotating machine with 3 times of high speed rotating to base speed, can not apply excessive electric current to circuit.

Secondly, when motor was loaded, above-mentioned magnetic part stood the magnetic saturation that magnetic flux that load current produces causes consumingly.So the permanent magnet magnetic flux that is distributed between the magnetic pole increases really.According to the present invention, the magnetic part between the magnetic pole is formed flux circuit, so that part permanent magnet magnetic Flux Distribution is on the central axis direction of compole.In addition, magnetic part is configured to when motor is loaded, 10% of the compound interlinkage flux that the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet is formed greater than armature supply and permanent magnet.

The magnetic flux of each permanent magnet has the armature supply magnetic flux that repulsion enters along the central axis direction of compole, and increases the effect of the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet direction, because the relative permeability of permanent magnet equals zero substantially.Like this, because the magnetic flux and the armature flux of permanent magnet cancelled each other in the opposite direction, the compound magnetic flux on the central axis direction of compole diminishes, and perhaps when armature supply hour, flows along the direction opposite with armature supply.

So, owing to diminish, be enhanced around the variation of the unbalanced inside of magnetic of rotor along the interlinkage flux of the central axis direction of compole, be enough to make the power output of motor to increase really.On the other hand, armature flux has the distribution tendency of concentrating by the magnetic ledge portion of rotor core.Therefore, owing to promoted the inhomogeneities of the magnetic flux density around the air-gap, magnetic energy changes greatly, thereby the motor with big torque and big power factor is provided.

About adjustable range, below its effect will be described with the required end voltage of the variable speed operation motor of broad range.

According to the present invention, embed in the compole because permanent magnet is local, to compare with the conventional electric rotating machine that permanent magnet is arranged around the whole circumference of rotor surface, the permanent magnet surfaces on the rotor circumference face is long-pending less, so that the interlinkage flux that permanent magnet causes also diminishes.So the interlinkage flux of armature supply (excitation current component of electric rotating machine and torque current component) of resulting from participates in the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet, so that induction produces end voltage.

In the permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine,, therefore can regulate end voltage because the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet has occupied almost whole terminal voltage.On the contrary, because electric rotating machine of the present invention has less permanent magnet interlinkage flux, when regulating exciting current widely, can be at the scope inner control end voltage of broadness.That is, be lower than supply voltage corresponding to this speed owing to can be adjusted to voltage to excitation current component, therefore under constant voltage source, electric rotating machine can be with various variable speed operations.

In addition, because the part of each permanent magnet magnetic flux was leaked the magnetic part of aforementioned formation short circuit, therefore can reduce diamagnetic of permanent magnet inside.Like this, because the operating point on the demagnetization curve of B (magnetic flux)-H (field intensity) characteristic of expression permanent magnet is raised (causing big unit permeance), therefore improved anti-degaussing performance about temperature and armature reaction.Especially, by the armature supply that forms along the axial magnetic flux of compole, under the situation of the magnetic flux of counteracting permanent magnet,, also can prevent the demagnetization of rotor though demagnetizing field is applied on the permanent magnet.

In addition, because permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor core, rotor core plays the retaining mechanism of permanent magnet, so that electric rotating machine can guarantee that it runs up.

According to the 2nd aspect of the present invention, a kind of reluctance rotary motor is provided, comprising:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor with rotor core, it is unbalanced to form magnetic along the periphery of rotor direction;

Be arranged in the rotor core, be used for offsetting a plurality of permanent magnets from the armature flux that passes through between the adjacent pole of determining at rotor, each permanent magnet is magnetized along a direction, and this direction is different from makes the rotor magnetization be easy to direction; And

Wherein in rotor core, guarantee a magnetic part by this way, when not being energized with convenient armature winding, permanent magnet magnetic Flux Distribution more than 80% (percentage) is in rotor, and when motor is loaded, 5% of the compound interlinkage flux that the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet is formed greater than electric current and permanent magnet.

Though the basic function of this electric rotating machine is similar to aforementioned electric rotating machine, but because when armature winding was not energized, the permanent magnet magnetic Flux Distribution more than 80% was in iron core, induced voltage is very little.So even produce short circuit in power supply etc., the electric current that comes from the voltage that the permanent magnet induction produces is very little, be enough to prevent that motor from being burnt or excessively braked.In addition, because the stator core loss that the magnetic flux of permanent magnet causes diminishes, under the situation of or slight loading non-loaded, can improve efficiency of motor at motor.

In addition, magnetic part is configured to when motor is loaded, 5% of the compound interlinkage flux that the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet is formed greater than armature supply and permanent magnet.Because under stress state, the magnetic flux and the armature flux of permanent magnet are cancelled out each other, therefore reduced the compound magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction.

So, owing to reducing of interlinkage flux on the central axis direction, around unbalanced being enhanced of magnetic of rotor, thus the power output that increases motor.Simultaneously, because the interlinkage flux on the compole central axis direction is reduced, end voltage reduces, thereby can improve the power factor of motor.In addition, the current flux amount is distributed like this, so that concentrates and pass through magnetic pole.

According to top described, because the change in magnetic flux density in space is increased among the present invention, the magnetic energy variation also is increased, thereby produces big torque and big power factor.

In addition, this electric rotating machine can be finished following actions.Because almost whole magnetic flux of each permanent magnet all leaked the magnetic part of short circuit, therefore can reduce diamagnetic of permanent magnet inside significantly.Like this, because the operating point on the demagnetization curve of B (magnetic flux)-H (field intensity) characteristic of expression permanent magnet also is raised (causing big unit permeance), therefore can be at 50～200 ℃ of permanent magnets that use temperature characterisitic down with deterioration.Even flowing in hot environment is the big electric current of 2～3 times of rated current, also can not cause that permanent magnet is by demagnetization because of armature reaction.Especially, under the condition of nominal torque electric current, if increase armature supply, so that obtain the breakdown torque times over the normal torque under the situation of being offset the permanent magnet magnetic flux by the armature supply of the magnetic flux in the extreme direction between forming, then this armature supply produces the space magnetic flux on the direction opposite with the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet.In this case, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment allows to use permanent magnet under the situation that demagnetization does not take place.

In this electric rotating machine, change in the core because permanent magnet is embedded in addition, rotor core plays the retaining mechanism of permanent magnet, thereby electric rotating machine can guarantee that it runs up.

According to the 3rd aspect of the present invention, a kind of reluctance rotary motor is provided, comprising:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor with rotor core, it is unbalanced to form magnetic along the periphery of rotor direction;

Be arranged in the rotor core, be used for offsetting a plurality of permanent magnets from the armature winding magnetic flux that passes through between the adjacent pole of determining at rotor, each permanent magnet is magnetized along a direction, and this direction is different from makes the rotor magnetization be easy to direction; And

Wherein, in the permanent magnet magnetic flux of gap, the maximum in the first-harmonic of the magnetic density of permanent magnet is 0.2～0.6T.

According to the 4th aspect of the present invention, identical with above mentioned electric rotating machine, the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet circumferential direction with rotor substantially is identical.Like this, because with regard to electrical degree, the magnetic flux of the excitation current component by magnetic pole and the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet be right angle intersection substantially, and therefore on each magnetic pole, the magnetic saturation that comes from this electric current is weakened, so that reluctance torque becomes greatly.

According to the 5th aspect of the present invention, rotor has first nonmagnetic portion between adjacent magnetic pole.Owing to provide first nonmagnetic portion at each compole, the magnetic resistance in the extreme direction enlarges markedly.So owing to produced the greatly unbalanced of magnetic flux in the gap, the variation of magnetic energy aspect is increased, therefore can produce big power of motor output.

According to the 6th aspect of the present invention, the width of each magnetic pole is 0.3～0.5 times of pole span, pole span corresponding to from the center of a magnetic pole to the circumferential distance at the center of adjacent pole.

By the magnetic pole and the compole of such foundation, can increase the variation of space magnetic flux density with respect to the position of rotor effectively, thereby the electric rotating machine of high power output can be provided.

According to the 7th aspect of the present invention, rotor has the magnetic part that all forms on the circumference between the adjacent pole, is used for setting up magnetic and connects between adjacent pole.Because such magnetic part is provided, magnetic material is evenly distributed on the whole circumference of rotor with respect to the iron core tusk of stator.Therefore, when reducing slot ripple, the variation of the magnetic resistance that is caused by the groove of stator diminishes.In addition, the smooth surface of rotor can reduce windage loss.The magnetic part in the compole outside also can limit the demagnetizing field that is caused by the armature supply that acts on permanent magnet in addition.

According to the 8th aspect of the present invention, rotor is furnished with second nonmagnetic portion, is used to reduce the magnetic flux of the respective inside part of radially leaking permanent magnet.Because the inner end at each permanent magnet has formed such nonmagnetic portion, therefore can prevent that magnetic flux from spilling permanent magnet.So, can significantly not reduce under the situation of motor performance, reduce the volume of permanent magnet.

According to the 9th aspect of the present invention, first nonmagnetic portion between the adjacent pole is arranged to can not enlarge markedly the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet outside.

Because first nonmagnetic portion does not increase the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet outside, even the therefore negligible amounts of permanent magnet also can be guaranteed enough magnetic flux.

In addition, rely on first nonmagnetic portion, when armature winding was not energized, the magnetic flux distributions of permanent magnet was in the rotor surface relative with stator.When resulting from the magnetic flux of load current when overlapping, each magnetic part between magnetic pole and the compole and the magnetic saturation of external magnetic part, so that be enclosed in the magnetic flux and the stator interconnection of the permanent magnet in the rotor.So when motor was not loaded, the induced voltage of interlinkage flux of permanent magnet of resulting from was very little, thereby under stress state, can effectively utilize the magnetic flux of permanent magnet.

According to the 10th aspect of the present invention, the gap lengths of the compole of rotor outside is greater than the gap lengths of magnetic pole outside.

Owing to the gap lengths of the gap lengths outside the magnetic pole less than the compole outside, the unbalanced further expansion of magnetic, so that reluctance torque increases really.When armature winding is not energized,,, thereby be enclosed in the rotor core by the magnetic part between the adjacent pole with the permanent magnet magnetic flux reduction of armature winding interconnection because the gap lengths of compole outside is longer.

When motor is loaded, when the magnetic flux of electric current is overlapping, the rotor local magnetic saturation, thus the permanent magnet magnetic flux that is enclosed in the rotor is caused interconnecting with stator.So when motor was not loaded, the induced voltage of interlinkage flux that comes from permanent magnet was very little, thereby under the stress state of motor, can increase the magnetic flux of permanent magnet effectively.

According to the 11st aspect of the present invention, reluctance rotary motor is characterised in that the magnetic flux that comes from the armature supply on the central axis direction between the adjacent pole and the magnetic flux of permanent magnet cancels out each other, so that the compound magnetic flux on this central axis direction equals zero substantially.

When applying load current, the magnetic flux of armature supply is offset the magnetic flux of permanent magnet, so that the compound magnetic flux on the central axis direction of compole is zero.So, by the also vanishing of voltage of the generation of the flux sensing on the central axis direction of compole.Like this, because end voltage is produced by the flux sensing on the pole orientation, therefore can be electric rotating machine provides low voltage, high power output.

Can easily obtain the constant output performance in addition.Because reluctance torque is the two result of the excitation current component of armature and torque current component, according to the long-pending power output that obtains of excitation current component, torque current component and rotary speed.When the armature supply component (torque current) of the magnetic flux of extreme direction between forming is fixed as steady state value, when the compound magnetic flux of compole central axis direction is equalled zero, by regulating the armature supply component (exciting current) that is mutually inverse ratio with rotary speed, can realize that amassing of torque and rotary speed is the constant output performance of constant.

According to the 12nd aspect of the present invention, under the condition of the armature supply component maximum of the magnetic flux that forms the central axis direction between the adjacent pole, come from the magnetic flux of the armature supply component on the central axis direction between the adjacent pole and the magnetic flux of permanent magnet and cancel each other, thereby the compound magnetic flux on this central axis direction equals zero substantially.

In this case, the maximum current of electric rotating machine is divided into two vector components that intersect vertically, and, forms the armature supply component of the magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction and another armature supply component of the magnetic flux on the formation pole orientation that is.When the maximum current (resultant vector) of armature intersects with miter angle with the armature supply component that forms the magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction, can obtain the maximum magnetic flux resistive torque.Electric rotating machine of the present invention is so constructed, and promptly under current phase place, the armature supply magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction is offset the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet, thereby the compound magnetic flux that obtains in an extreme direction equals zero substantially.So, when motor with high rotary speed operation process in, when induced voltage raise, motor allowed an armature supply component (being excitation current component) that forms the magnetic flux on the pole orientation is turned down, thereby can obtain constant induced voltage.Therefore, can be when keeping firm power output, with various variable speed operation motors.

According to the 13rd aspect of the present invention, in conjunction with when motor is enclosed in the short circuit by electricity, the armature supply that the magnetic flux of permanent magnet produces, determined by this way under the armature supply with the interconnection of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet is zero situation, the interconnection of the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces, promptly come from heat that the joule loss of armature supply the causes hot permissible value less than motor, perhaps the braking force that produces of armature supply is less than the permissible value of electric rotating machine.

If when in converter, the terminal etc. the electrical short accident taking place, have the permanent magnet magnetic flux that interconnects with armature winding, then the rotation of rotor will cause producing induced voltage.Because this induced voltage, short circuit current may flow in armature winding, causes and burns, and perhaps the running of equipment may be by excessive brake torque locking.According to the of the present invention the 1st and the 2nd aspect, owing to, therefore can reduce this induced voltage, so that determine respectively short circuit current and braking force less than permissible value by the high power output that realizes motor from the interlinkage flux of the permanent magnet of small number.Therefore, even the incident of being short-circuited also can prevent to break down in electric rotating machine and equipment.

According to the 14th aspect of the present invention, permanent magnet is disposed between the adjacent pole, and forms first nonmagnetic portion between the magnetic pole by electric conducting material.

By the layout of electric conducting material in first nonmagnetic portion, when rotor when synchronous, produce vortex flow in electric conducting material, so that rotor can not enter its synchronous rotation with rotating magnetic field.That is, can realize the automatic starting and the stable rotation of electric rotating machine.

According to the 15th aspect of the present invention, on the circumference of rotor, form a plurality of conductive members that extend along the axial direction of rotor.

Under the situation of motor asynchronous running,, therefore can realize the automatic starting and the stable rotation of electric rotating machine in conductive member because induced current flows.In addition, when driving transducer, can absorb vortex flow by harmonic current.

According to the 16th aspect of the present invention, reluctance rotary motor also comprises the pair of magnetic end ring on each axial end portion that is arranged in rotor.

On the direction opposite, be subjected to the time spent of doing of armature reaction field that armature supply produces with the direction of magnetization of each permanent magnet in the rotor core when rotor, a part of magnetic flux of permanent magnet forms and all in axial direction flows through iron core, enters end ring and returns the sealing flux circuit of iron core.That is, owing to can produce leakage flux effectively, the therefore amount that can regulate the interlinkage flux between armature winding and the permanent magnet, thus can be by armature supply control terminal voltage easily.In addition, by the gap between control rotor core and each end ring, the ratio that can regulate leakage flux and useful flux.

According to the 17th aspect of the present invention, purpose of the present invention also can be realized by the reluctance rotary motor that comprises following part:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor with rotor core, it is unbalanced to form magnetic along the periphery of rotor direction;

Direction along each magnetic pole of rotor is arranged in the rotor core, is used for offsetting a plurality of permanent magnets from the armature flux that passes through between the adjacent pole of determining at rotor; And

Wherein each between the adjacent pole has an outer surface, and this outer surface caves in respect to the magnetic pole outer surface on the rotor radial direction.

According to the present invention, because the outer surface of each " compole " (or interpolar part) caves in respect to " magnetic pole " (or pole parts) outer surface on the rotor radial direction, gap lengths between stator and the rotor on the rotor radial direction changes, thereby it is unbalanced to form magnetic around rotor.Simultaneously, because permanent magnet is magnetized to the armature flux of offsetting by " compole " (being the interpolar part), therefore the magnetic resistance along each extreme direction increases.Like this, on the space between stator and the rotor, produce the inhomogeneities of magnetic density, thereby, can in electric rotating machine, produce big torque according to the change of the magnetic flux that obtains.

According to the 18th aspect of the present invention, in the electric rotating machine aspect the 17th, each permanent magnet is arranged to make the part of rotor core between the excircle of permanent magnet outer end on the rotor radial direction and rotor.

According to the 19th aspect of the present invention, in the electric rotating machine aspect the 18th, the part between the outer end of permanent magnet and the excircle of rotor has such radial thickness, and promptly armature flux can make this part magnetic saturation.

According to the 20th aspect of the present invention, in the electric rotating machine aspect the 18th, the radial thickness of the part between permanent magnet outer end and the rotor excircle is preferably less than the radial thickness of the compole of the heart therein.

According to the 21st aspect of the present invention, in the electric rotating machine aspect the 18th, part between permanent magnet outer end and the rotor excircle preferably has such thickness, so that when not having electric current to flow in the armature winding, gap between rotor and stator, with the magnetic density of the permanent magnet of armature winding interconnection less than 0.1T.

Identical with the preferred structure of the present invention 18-21 aspect, because a part of iron core is provided between the excircle of each permanent magnet and rotor, when armature supply is zero, when promptly motor was non-loaded, the magnetic flux of permanent magnet generation was closed in the rotor core.Like this, because the induced voltage in the armature winding equals zero substantially, electric rotating machine can not rotate rotor with constant speed under the situation from stator one side's braking force.In addition, even in rotor rotation process, electrical short takes place in armature winding, converter etc., because induced voltage is substantially equal to zero, so short circuit current does not flow.So,, and prevent that armature winding from damaging though short circuit still can prevent to produce excessive braking force.When motor was loaded, the armature flux on the pole orientation partly passed through the outer iron core part of permanent magnet outside, so that along circumferential direction, the magnetic saturation on two ends of compole of each compole.Therefore, the magnetic flux distributions of permanent magnet is in rotor outside, and with the armature winding interconnection, thereby can improve the power output and the power factor of motor.

According to the 22nd aspect of the present invention, in the arbitrary motor aspect 18-21, each permanent magnet is disposed such, so that except the part of rotor core, forms the space between permanent magnet outer end and rotor excircle.

According to the 23rd aspect of the present invention, fill this space with nonmagnetic substance.

According to the 24th aspect of the present invention, in each compole part of rotor core, form a cavity.

In above-mentioned situation,, therefore can reduce the leakage flux that flows to compole from magnetic pole effectively because cavity or nonmagnetic substance play magnetic resistance.

According to the 25th aspect of the present invention, above-described purpose of the present invention also can be realized by the reluctance rotary motor that comprises following part:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor with rotor core, it is unbalanced to form magnetic along the periphery of rotor direction, determines magnetic pole and compole in addition successively in rotor;

Direction along each magnetic pole of rotor is arranged in the rotor core, is used for offsetting a plurality of permanent magnets from the armature flux that passes through between the adjacent pole of determining at rotor; And

Be arranged in the conductor on the circumferential section of rotor core, be used for producing therein induced current.

By the layout of above mentioned conductor, the electromagnetic induction during owing to electric motor starting produces induced electromotive force in conductor, thereby realizes the automatic starting of electric rotating machine.

Because permanent magnet is magnetized to the armature flux of counteracting by compole, is increased along the magnetic resistance of each extreme direction, thereby on the space between stator and the rotor, produces the magnetic flux density inhomogeneities.Like this, by the variation of resulting magnetic energy aspect, in electric rotating machine, can produce big torque.

According to the 26th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor is made up of a plurality of magnetism sticks, and magnetism stick is embedded near the outer surface of each magnetic pole of rotor core, extends along the axial direction of rotor.

Like this, owing to provide magnetism stick as conductor, motor can rely on the conductivity of magnetism stick to be started automatically.In addition, because rod is made by magnetic material, the density that therefore flows through the magnetic flux (main flux) of magnetic pole does not reduce, thereby can not exert an influence to motor torque.

According to the 27th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 26th, rotor has the cavity that forms along the rotor radial direction in each iron core part of permanent magnet outside.

Like this, magnetic circuit is blocked by each cavity, thereby the magnetic resistance of compole further increases.So the magnetic energy variation between each magnetic pole and each compole is increased to the torque that is enough to produce greatly.

According to the 28th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 27th, rotor core is furnished with near each compole outer surface along the extension of rotor axial direction, and produces faradic non-magnetic conductor rod therein.

Like this, owing to the adding of non-magnetic conductor rod, further improved the automatic starting performance of motor.In addition, the non magnetic magnetic resistance of compole that makes of stub further increases, thereby the variation of magnetic energy also further increases.

According to the 29th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 28th, utilize along the rotor axial direction and extend, and produce the cavity of the partially filled rotor of faradic a plurality of non-magnetic conductor rods therein.

Like this, because magnetic circuit is compared with the situation that only forms cavity in compole by the blocking-up of the rod of the non-magnetic conductor in each cavity, the magnetic resistance of compole is further increased.In addition, also improved the intensity of rotor self by embedded conductor rod in cavity.

According to the 30th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor comprises near each the magnetic pole outer surface that embeds rotor core, the a plurality of deep trouth magnetism sticks that extend along the axial direction of rotor, and embed near each compole outer surface of rotor core a plurality of non magnetic rod that extends along the axial direction of rotor.

Like this,, rely on the conductivity of stub, can obtain to be similar to the starting capability of using under the special-purpose starting cage situation owing to whole circumference face embedded conductor rod along rotor core.In addition, because the respective material of magnetic pole and compole is selected, the magnetic resistance difference between each magnetic pole and each compole is increased.So the variation of magnetic energy aspect is further increased.

According to the 31st aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor is by near each the compole outer surface that embeds rotor core, forms along a plurality of non magnetic rod that the axial direction of rotor extends.

Like this, because non magnetic rod is non magnetic, the magnetic resistance in the compole increases.In addition, owing in the magnetic pole stub is not set, simplified the structure of rotor.

According to the 32nd aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor is configured to cover the outer surface of rotor core.

Like this, when electric motor starting, because the conductivity of conductor, induced current flows in the excircle of rotor glibly, thereby motor can independently start.In addition, because rotor is covered by this conductor, therefore can improve the mechanical strength of rotor.

According to the 33rd aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 32nd, conductor is cylindrical, so that cover the whole outer surface of rotor core.

So it is except improving automatic starting capability, cylindrical conductor can improve mechanical strength, simultaneously simple in structure.

According to the 34th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 32nd, conductor constitutes with a plurality of shell members that cover compole by linking to each other with the outer surface of magnetic pole.

Like this, because the shell member links to each other with the outer surface of magnetic pole, the air drag in the motor rotary course (or windage loss) reduces, thereby has improved the rotation efficiency of rotor.

According to the 35th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor is disposed near the outer surface of each compole of rotor core, and along the circumferential direction bending of rotor.

Like this, when actuating motor, induced current flows in compole, and rotor can be started automatically.

According to the 36th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 25th, conductor has on the cylinder partial that is formed at rotor core, and a plurality of slits of arranging along the circumferential direction of rotor.

Because the formation of slit, the induced current during electric motor starting is when flowing, form long loop along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of rotor.Therefore, the magnetic coupling between armature winding and the rotor is enhanced, thereby provides big starting torque for rotor.

According to the 37th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 36th, conductor covers the outer surface of rotor core.

Like this, because induced current flows in the excircle of rotor glibly, make the automatic starting of motor easier.In addition, owing to cover conductor on the rotor, can further improve the mechanical strength of rotor.

According to the 38th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 37th, conductor is cylindrical, so that cover the whole outer surface of rotor core.

So it is except improving automatic starting capability, cylindrical conductor can improve mechanical strength, simultaneously simple in structure.In addition, the air drag in the rotor rotation process (windage loss) reduces, thereby has improved the rotation efficiency of rotor.

According to the 39th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 38th, conductor is made of a plurality of shell members that link to each other with the outer surface of magnetic pole, to cover compole.

Like this, because the shell member links to each other with the outer surface of magnetic pole, can reduce the air drag (or windage loss) in the motor rotary course, thereby can improve the rotation efficiency of rotor.

According to the 40th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 36th, conductor is disposed near the outer surface of each compole of rotor core, and along the circumferential direction bending of rotor.

Like this, when actuating motor, induced current flows in compole, and rotor can be started automatically.

According to the 41st aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 37th or 38, conductor is made by the magnetic material of conduction.

So, can when making magnetic flux bigger, make the rotor magnetic resistance of opposing main flux littler.In addition, the idle running during owing to the motor synchronous traction reduces, so with regard to the load that huge torque drives with regard to needs, motor can start and sync pulling.

According to the 42nd aspect of the present invention, above-described purpose of the present invention also can be realized by the reluctance rotary motor that comprises following part:

Stator with armature winding;

The rotor of forming by the annular construction member of rotor core and rotor core outside; Wherein

Rotor core comprises a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compole, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, and each compole is arranged between the adjacent pole along the circumferential direction of rotor;

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor, so that around the periphery of magnetic pole.

Like this, owing to cover annular construction member on the periphery of the magnetic pole of rotor core, the compole of rotor is enhanced, thereby allows the bridging part of attenuate compole.So, reduce by the q axle leakage flux of bridging part, increased the magnetic resistance of compole.

According to the 43rd aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 42nd, on each side of magnetic pole, rotor is furnished with a plurality of permanent magnets along circumferential direction, and permanent magnet is magnetized to the armature flux of counteracting by compole.

Like this, because the magnetic flux of permanent magnet antagonism q axle magnetic flux, the magnetic resistance in the compole increases, thereby has improved the power output of motor.

According to the 44th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 40th, annular construction member is made by magnetic material.

Like this, d axle magnetic flux is easy to by pole parts, thereby can increase main flux.

According to the 45th aspect of the present invention, in the motor aspect the 42nd, annular construction member is made of the material of saturation flux density less than the saturation flux density of the material that constitutes rotor core.

Like this, compare through the interconnective conventional rotor of rotor core material in the compole with adjacent pole, resulting rotor (rotor core and annular construction member) has the saturation flux density of reduction in bridging part.Like this, although the thickness of bridging part is identical, also can increase magnetic resistance.

According to the 46th aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacture method of rotor of electric rotating machine is provided, comprise the steps:

Preparation has the rotor core of a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compoles, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, and each compole is arranged between the adjacent pole along the circumferential direction of rotor;

Before magnetization, the circumferential direction of a plurality of permanent magnets along rotor is arranged on each side of magnetic pole;

Rotor core is placed on the magnetic conductor, with the magnetization permanent magnet; Afterwards

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor core, makes annular construction member center on the periphery of magnetic pole.

Because the rotor core with method for preparing has along the outwardly directed magnetic pole of the radial direction of rotor, and be arranged in compole between the adjacent pole, therefore can easily make attached to the premagnetization magnet on the rotor core near magnetic conductor, simplify the magnetization operation of permanent magnet.

According to the 47th aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacture method of rotor of electric rotating machine also is provided, comprise the steps:

Preparation has the rotor core of a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compoles, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, and each compole is arranged between the adjacent pole along the circumferential direction of rotor;

After magnetization, the circumferential direction of a plurality of permanent magnets along rotor is arranged on each side of magnetic pole; Afterwards,

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor core, makes annular construction member center on the periphery of magnetic pole.

Like this, can the insertion of the magnet after the magnetization each space between magnetic pole, simplify the assembly manipulation of rotor from outside easily along the radial direction of rotor.

Description of drawings

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, according to following explanation and additional claim, these and other purpose of the present invention and feature will be clearer.

Fig. 1 is the early stage reluctance rotary motor cross-sectional view along its radial direction;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 1st, 2,9,10 and 11 embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of 1-14 embodiment according to the present invention, has represented flowing by the magnetic flux that produces along the axial armature supply of magnetic pole;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of 1-14 embodiment according to the present invention, has represented flowing by the magnetic flux that produces along the axial armature supply of compole;

Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of 1-14 embodiment according to the present invention, has represented to come from the flowing of magnetic flux of permanent magnet;

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 3rd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 4th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 5th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 6th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 7th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 8th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 12 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 13rd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 14th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 14 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 14th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 15 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 15th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 16 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of Figure 15, has represented the distribution of magnetic flux in the rotor when armature supply equals zero;

Figure 17 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of Figure 15, has represented when motor is loaded, and comes from the distribution of the magnetic flux of d armature axis electric current;

Figure 18 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of Figure 15, has represented when motor is loaded, and comes from the distribution of the magnetic flux of q armature axis electric current;

Figure 19 is the cross section of rotor figure as the reluctance rotary motor of the modification of the 15th embodiment;

Figure 20 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 16th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 21 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 17th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 22 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 18th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 23 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 19th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 24 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 20th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 25 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 21st embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 26 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 22nd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 27 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 23rd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 28 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 24th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 29 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 25th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 30 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 26th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 31 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 27th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 32 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 28th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 33 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 29th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 34 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 30th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 35 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 31st embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 36 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 32nd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 37 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 33rd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 38 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 34th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 39 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 35th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 40 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 36th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 41 is the perspective view for the cylindrical conductive member of the rotor use of Figure 40;

Figure 42 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 37th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 43 is the perspective view for the cylindrical conductive member of the rotor use of Figure 42;

Figure 44 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 38th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 45 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 39th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 46 A is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 40th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction, and Figure 46 B is the perspective view of the shell member (conductor) of Figure 46 A;

Figure 47 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 41st embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 48 A is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 42nd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction, and Figure 48 B is the perspective view of the shell member (conductor) of Figure 48 A;

Figure 49 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 43rd embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 50 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 43rd embodiment, has represented to result from the magnetic flux distribution of d armature axis electric current;

Figure 51 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 43rd embodiment, has represented to result from the magnetic flux distribution of q armature axis electric current;

Figure 52 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 44th embodiment according to the present invention along the motor radial direction;

Figure 53 A-53D has schematically represented the manufacture method of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 44th embodiment;

Figure 54 is the schematic plan view of early stage rotor.

Embodiment

A large amount of embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.Notice that the common elements in some embodiment group is represented with identical Reference numeral respectively.

[the 1st embodiment]

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 1st embodiment according to the present invention along the rotor radial direction.Among Fig. 2, stator 1 comprises armature winding 2, and wherein holds rotor 3.Rotor 3 comprises rotor core 4 and permanent magnet 6.Rotor core 4 is determined direction of easy axis and hard direction.That is, according to present embodiment, rotor core is made of a plurality of lamination electromagnetic steel plates, and each steel plate has a plurality of cavitys 5, and cavity 5 is used for holding therein 8 permanent magnets.8 one-tenth right-angled intersection forms of 8 cavitys are arranged, form 4 salient poles.Like this, each iron core that inserts between two parallel cavitys 5 partly forms the magnetic protuberance, so that each magnetic pole 4a (pole parts) to be provided, and each iron core between two vertical adjacent cavities 5 partly constitutes the magnetic depressed part, so that each compole 4b to be provided (magnetic compole part).Also be furnished with permanent magnet 6 in this external cavity 5, each permanent magnet 6 is magnetized, so that offset the magnetic flux of between adjacent pole 4a (being compole 4b) mobile armature supply.That is, the permanent magnet 6 that is positioned at each magnetic pole 4a both sides is mutually the same on the direction of magnetization, and the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet 6 that is positioned at each compole 4b both sides on the circumferential direction of rotor 3 toward each other.Best, substantially along circumferential direction magnetization permanent magnet 6, better along substantially perpendicular to the respective direction magnetization permanent magnet 6 of magnetic pole axle.The permanent magnet of recommending 6 is the long-pending rare-earth permanent magnet of high-energy, preferably Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.

By this way between each magnetic pole 4a and each magnetic pole 4b, and between the circumference of the end of each permanent magnet 6 and rotor core 4, guarantee magnetic part 7, so that do not have under the excitation situation at motor, 30～60% of the magnetic flux that permanent magnet 6 produces is dispersed in the rotor 3 really.Because in the present embodiment, permanent magnet 6 is disposed in the inside of rotor core 4, and is enough far away apart from the circumference of rotor core 4, so the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 is enclosed in the short circuit by magnetic by the magnetic part 7 as flux circuit.Determine the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6, when not being energized, preferably 30～40% of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 be distributed in the rotor 3 with convenient motor.Determine the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7 in addition, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6, when motor being loaded with box lunch, the interlinkage flux of the winding 2 that produces by permanent magnet 6 be electric current and permanent magnet compound interlinkage flux 10～60%, be preferably 30～50%.

In addition, also determine the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6, so that with regard to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet on the space 6, maximum in the first-harmonic of the magnetic density of permanent magnet 6 is 0.2～0.6T, is preferably 0.35～0.45T.

According to present embodiment, the circular thickness W of magnetic pole 4a is defined as 0.3～0.5 times of pole span L (distance from a pole center to the adjacent pole center) on the circumferential direction.

Below, we describe the work of electric rotating machine.

Fig. 3 has represented by the magnetic flux along the generation of the axial d armature axis of the magnetic pole of rotor core 4 electric current

Shown in the structure because flux circuit is made up of the iron core of magnetic pole 4a, so magnetic resistance is very little, magnetic flux is easy to flow.Note, among Fig. 3, one of Reference numeral 8 expression nonmagnetic portions.

Fig. 4 has represented the magnetic flux that produced by the q armature axis electric current along the radial axis directions by interpolar level 4b

Though the magnetic flux of compole 4b

Formation is across the flux circuit of the permanent magnet among the compole 4b 6, but because the relative permeability of permanent magnet 6 equals 1 substantially, and under the effect of the high magnetic resistance of permanent magnet 6, the magnetic flux of armature supply reduces.

Because permanent magnet 6 is being magnetized on the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axle substantially, magnetic flux flows through near iron core 4 circumference magnetic part 7 from a magnetic pole of each permanent magnet 6, and follow-up magnetic pole 4a, and finally returns another magnetic pole of permanent magnet 6, forms magnetic circuit

, as shown in Figure 5.In addition, the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6 flows into stator 1 by gap portion ground, and returns permanent magnet 6 through adjacent permanent magnet 6 and magnetic pole 4a, thereby forms magnetic circuit

As shown in Figure 4, since the mutual chain magnetic flux distribution of permanent magnet 6 with the magnetic flux of compole 4b

On the opposite direction, the mutual chain magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 repels the armature flux that enters from compole 4b

, because their mutual refusals.In the gap above compole 4b, because the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 changes a lot, compare with the space magnetic flux density of magnetic pole top, the space magnetic flux density that armature supply produces is reduced.That is, with regard to the position of rotor 3, the variation of space magnetic flux density is increased, so that the changing of magnetic energy becomes bigger.In addition, because the border between magnetic pole and compole is provided with magnetic part 7, when motor was loaded, rotor stood the huge magnetic saturation that load current produces.So the magnetic flux that is distributed in the permanent magnet 6 between the magnetic pole increases really.Like this, because the magnetic flux of magnetic resistance and permanent magnet is producing significant inhomogeneities aspect the distribution of space magnetic flux, resulting magnetic energy is significantly changed, thereby produces big power output.

Below, we illustrate the adjustable range with the required end voltage of the variable speed operation motor of broad range.

Because in the electric rotating machine of present embodiment, each permanent magnet only is disposed in the compole part, compare with the electric rotating machine of routine, permanent magnet surfaces on the circumference side of rotor is long-pending less, so that the mutual chain magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces also is lowered, in the conventional electric rotating machine, permanent magnet is arranged around the whole circumference of rotor surface.

In addition, when motor was not energized, a large amount of magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 flow through magnetic part 7, become the leakage flux in the rotor core.So owing to can reduce induced voltage significantly under this state, therefore when motor is not energized, core loss will reduce.In addition, when winding 2 was closed in the short circuit, it is littler that excess current will become.

When loading, be added into and result from the mutual chain magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 owing to result from the mutual chain magnetic flux of armature supply (excitation current component of reluctance rotary motor and torque current component), therefore induction produces end voltage.

In the permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine,, therefore can regulate end voltage because the mutual chain magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 takies almost all end voltages.On the other hand, because electric rotating machine of the present invention has less permanent magnet 6 mutual chain magnetic fluxs, so the adjusting of the broadness of excitation current component allows to regulate end voltage in the scope of broadness.That is owing to can regulate excitation current component so that voltage less than corresponding to this speed supply voltage, electric rotating machine can turn round with various speed from base speed under constant voltage.

In addition, because electric rotating machine does not rely on its mandatory field weakening to control deboost, even therefore do not realize this control under the situation of motor high speed rotating, also overvoltage can not take place.

In addition, because the part magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6

Leaked the magnetic part 7 of short circuit, therefore may reduce permanent magnet 6 inside diamagnetic (diamagnetic field).Like this, because the operating point on the demagnetization curve of B (magnetic flux)-H (field intensity) characteristic of expression permanent magnet is raised (causing big unit permeance), therefore improved anti-degaussing performance about temperature and armature reaction.Simultaneously, because permanent magnet 6 is embedded in the rotor core 4, iron core 4 plays the retaining mechanism of permanent magnet 6, so that electric rotating machine can guarantee that it runs up.

Because the circular thickness W of magnetic pole 4a is defined as 0.3～0.5 times of pole span L (circumferential distance from a pole center to the adjacent pole center) on the circumferential direction, therefore can increase the variation of the magnetic flux distribution in space effectively, thereby finish the high-output power electric rotating machine.

[the 2nd embodiment]

The reluctance rotary motor of the 2nd embodiment is described below with reference to Fig. 2.

In the present embodiment, in explanation, will save with the 1st embodiment in the similar part of part.

According to the present invention, between each magnetic pole 4a and each magnetic pole 4b, and between the circumference of the end of each permanent magnet 6 and rotor core 4, guarantee magnetic part 7, so that permanent magnet 6 does not have 80% or more being dispersed in really in the rotor 3 of the magnetic flux that produces under the excitation situation at motor.In addition, compare with the 1st embodiment, the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6 are all bigger.In other words, determine the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6, so that be preferably under the situation of motor excitation, 90～95% of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 is distributed in the rotor 3.

In addition, also determine the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, and the thickness and the surface area of each permanent magnet 6, when being loaded with convenient motor, the interlinkage flux of the winding 2 that permanent magnet 6 produces be electric current and permanent magnet compound interlinkage flux 5% or more, be preferably 10～30%.

Though the 2nd embodiment and the 1st embodiment be similar aspect the basic operation of motor, but because 80% or more magnetic flux that permanent magnet 6 produces are distributed in the rotor 3, so induced voltage is very little.So even cause short circuit in power supply, the electric current that originates from the voltage that permanent magnet 6 induction produces is also very little, is not enough to prevent that motor from being burnt or excessively braking.

In addition, the electric rotating machine of the 2nd embodiment is operated as described below.Because nearly all magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6 all leaked the magnetic part 7 of short circuit, therefore can reduce diamagnetic of permanent magnet 6 inside significantly.Like this, because the operating point on the demagnetization curve of B (magnetic flux)-H (field intensity) characteristic of expression permanent magnet also is raised (causing big unit permeance), therefore can be at 50～200 ℃ of permanent magnets that use temperature characterisitic down with deterioration.For example, be the big electric current of 2～3 times of rated current even in hot environment, flowing, also can use the have high energy product Md-Fe-B magnet of (40MGOe) regardless of the temperature characterisitic that worsens, and unlikely because its armature reaction causes demagnetization.

[the 3rd embodiment]

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 3rd embodiment.

According to present embodiment, rotor core 4 has inhomogeneities how much.Because other part is similar to the 1st and the 2nd embodiment, with the repeat specification of omitting to them.

Because providing of how much inhomogeneities, the variation that the space ambient magnetic flux distributes is further enlarged, so reluctance torque is further increased.

[the 4th embodiment]

Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 4th embodiment.

According to present embodiment, at the center of each compole, rotor core 4 is equipped with cavity 8 as first nonmagnetic portion, and cavity 8 has sector crosssection.Magnetic part 9 is positioned on the circumference of each cavity 8, and magnetic pole 4a is connected with adjacent magnetic pole 4a magnetic.Because other part is similar to embodiment 1, saves the repeat specification to them.

Because fan-shaped cavity 8 forms nonmagnetic portion between adjacent magnetic pole, the magnetic resistance in the extreme direction enlarges markedly.So reluctance torque enlarges markedly.In addition, fan-shaped cavity 8 has limited the interlinkage flux from the permanent magnet 6 of compole.So the torque of permanent magnet and electric current of resulting from reduces, and reluctance torque increases.That is, under the situation that does not reduce torque and power output, can reduce resulting from the induced voltage of permanent magnet 6.

In addition, owing to provide magnetic part 9, each magnetic part 9 that adjacent magnetic pole 4a is interconnected, so rotor core 4 is evenly distributed on the whole circumference of rotor 3 with respect to the iron core tusk of stator 1.So when reducing slot ripple, the magnetic resistance change rate that is caused by the groove crack of stator 1 diminishes.In addition, the smooth surface of rotor 3 can reduce windage loss.In addition because magnetic part 9 in the outside of compole 4b, also may limit the demagnetizing field that is caused by the armature supply that acts on permanent magnet 6.

[the 5th embodiment]

Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 5th embodiment.

In the electric rotating machine of present embodiment, in each cavity 5 of rotor core, be provided with the permanent magnet 6 and the aluminium 12 of shortening.Because other part is similar to the 1st and the 4th embodiment, saves the repeat specification to them.Because other part is similar to the 1st and the 4th embodiment, saves the repeat specification to them.

Owing to be provided with non magnetic aluminium 12, can prevent a magnetic flux extreme direction of bleeding, thereby can limit the reduction of reluctance torque at the medial end of each permanent magnet 6.In addition, can reduce from the magnetic flux bleed-through of the permanent magnet 6 of iron core 4 inboards.So, under the situation of the output performance that does not significantly reduce motor, can reduce the volume of each permanent magnet 6.

[the 6th embodiment]

Fig. 9 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 6th embodiment.

According to the present invention, on the circumference of rotor core 4, form inhomogeneities how much.Because other part is similar to the 1st and the 5th embodiment, saves the repeat specification to them.

Because the magnetic flux distribution around the providing of how much inhomogeneities, space changes and is further enlarged, so that reluctance torque is further increased.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st and the 5th embodiment.

[the 7th embodiment]

Figure 10 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 7th embodiment.

According to present embodiment, in each compole 4b of iron core 4, two permanent magnets 6 are disposed near the circumference of rotor core, and are magnetized along the circumferential direction of rotor 3.The direction of magnetization that these permanent magnets 6 are characterised in that them and is disposed such toward each other, so that form magnetic circuit as flux circuit by the magnetic part 10 at the center that is positioned at a pole axis and magnetic part 9.In addition, form fan-shaped cavity 8, and between the inner periphery side of permanent magnet 6 and cavity 8, put into magnetic part 10 in the inner circumferential side of permanent magnet 6.Because other part is similar to the 1st embodiment, saves the repeat specification to them.

Because the fan-shaped cavity 8 as first nonmagnetic portion is provided, and under the situation of the magnetic resistance that does not improve permanent magnet 6 outsides in a large number, the magnetic flux distributions that permanent magnet 6 can be provided is at the outer magnetic part 9 of rotor and the rotor on the stator 1.That is, because fan-shaped cavity 8 does not increase the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet 6 outsides, although the negligible amounts of permanent magnet also can be guaranteed enough magnetic flux.

In addition, the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6 is cut off by each cavity 8 as first nonmagnetic portion, and is closed in the short circuit by the external magnetic part 9 as flux circuit.When resulting from the magnetic flux of load current when overlapping, each magnetic part 7 between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b, and external magnetic part 9 stands magnetic saturation, so that the magnetic flux that is enclosed in the permanent magnet 6 in the rotor 3 is connected with the armature winding 2 of stator 1.So when motor was not loaded, the induced voltage that is caused by the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet 6 was very little, thereby under load condition, can effectively utilize the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st embodiment.

[the 8th embodiment]

Figure 11 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the present invention the 8th embodiment.

The electric rotating machine of present embodiment is characterised in that with regard to the space between rotor core 4 and the stator 1, in the radial direction, near the gap lengths the compole 4b is greater than near the gap lengths the magnetic pole 4a.For example, the gap lengths 1a of magnetic pole 4a equals 0.6mm, and the gap lengths 1b of compole 4b is set to 1.8mm.Because other part is similar to the 1st and the 7th embodiment, saves the repeat specification to them.

Because the gap lengths 1a of magnetic pole 4a is less than the gap lengths 1b of compole 4b, the magnetic inhomogeneities is extended, so that reluctance torque increases really.Simultaneously, because the circumferential gap lengths of compole 4b is longer relatively, the magnetic flux that the magnetic part 9 as flux circuit is enclosed in the rotor 3 that passes through of each permanent magnet 6 increases, and the magnetic flux with the permanent magnet 6 of stator winding 2 interconnection reduces simultaneously.

When motor was loaded, the magnetic flux of electric current overlapped, each magnetic part 7 between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b, and external magnetic part 9 parts stand magnetic saturation, so that the armature winding 2 that is enclosed in magnetic flux and stator 1 in the rotor 3 of permanent magnet 6 interconnects.So when motor was not loaded, the induced voltage of interlinkage flux of permanent magnet 6 of resulting from was very little, thereby under loading environment, can effectively utilize the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st and the 7th embodiment.

[the 9th embodiment]

With regard to basic composition, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is identical with the electric rotating machine of the 1st embodiment of Fig. 1-4, so save the repeat specification to them.According to present embodiment, according to when motor is loaded, armature supply magnetic flux on the central axis direction of compole 4b is offset the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6, thereby the compound magnetic flux that obtains in an extreme direction at last equals zero substantially, determined the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, the thickness of permanent magnet 6 and surface area, the volume of nonmagnetic portion 8, the thickness of the magnetic part between nonmagnetic portion 8 and the iron core circumference etc.

When applying load current, the magnetic flux of armature supply Offset the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6

, so that the compound magnetic flux on the central axis direction of compole equals zero.So the voltage that is produced by the flux sensing on the central axis direction of compole also is zero.Like this, because the flux sensing on the pole orientation produces end voltage, can be electric rotating machine low-voltage, high power output are provided.

In addition, can easily obtain the constant output performance.Because reluctance torque is the two result of the excitation current component of armature and torque current component, obtain power output according to excitation current component, torque current component and rotary speed long-pending.When the armature supply component (torque current) of the magnetic flux of extreme direction between forming is fixed as steady state value, so that by regulating the armature supply component (exciting current) that is mutually inverse ratio with rotary speed, the compound magnetic flux of compole central axis direction is equalled zero, thereby can realize that amassing of torque and rotary speed is the constant output performance of constant.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st embodiment.

[the 10th embodiment]

With regard to basic composition, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is identical with the electric rotating machine of the 1st embodiment of Fig. 1-4, so save the repeat specification to them.According to present embodiment, according to when the armature supply component of the magnetic flux on the formation compole central axis direction is maximum, the armature supply magnetic flux on the compole 4b central axis direction

Offset the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6

Thereby the compound magnetic flux that obtains in an extreme direction at last equals zero substantially, has determined the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, the thickness of permanent magnet 6 and surface area, the volume of nonmagnetic portion 8, the thickness of the magnetic part between nonmagnetic portion 8 and the iron core circumference etc.

In the present embodiment, the maximum current of electric rotating machine is divided into two vector components that intersect vertically, and, forms the armature supply component of the magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction and another armature supply component of the magnetic flux on the formation pole orientation that is.When the maximum current (resultant vector) of armature intersects with miter angle with the armature supply component that forms the magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction, can obtain the maximum magnetic flux resistive torque.The electric rotating machine of present embodiment is so constructed, and promptly under current phase place, the armature supply magnetic flux on the compole central axis direction is offset the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6, thereby the compound magnetic flux that obtains in an extreme direction at last equals zero substantially.So, when motor with the running of high rotary speed, when induced voltage raise, motor allowed an armature supply component (being excitation current component) that forms the magnetic flux on the pole orientation is turned down, thereby can obtain constant induced voltage.Therefore, might under constant power output, realize the variable speed operation of broad range and high power factor.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st embodiment.

[the 11st embodiment]

With regard to basic composition, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is identical with the electric rotating machine of the 1st embodiment of Fig. 1-4, so save the repeat specification to them.According to present embodiment, determined under armature supply is zero situation, number with the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 of armature winding interconnection, the radial thickness of each magnetic part 7, the thickness of permanent magnet 6 and surface area, the volume of nonmagnetic portion 8, the thickness of the magnetic part between nonmagnetic portion 8 and the iron core circumference etc. are so that satisfy following condition.Promptly, the armature supply that produces in conjunction with the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 when motor is enclosed in the short circuit by electricity, determine above-mentioned factor by this way respectively, promptly come from heat that the joule loss of above-mentioned armature supply the causes hot permissible value less than motor, the braking force that perhaps above-mentioned armature supply produces is less than the permissible value of motor.

Usually, when in converter, the terminal etc. the electrical short accident taking place, if leave any magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 that interconnects with armature winding 2, then the rotation of rotor 3 will cause producing induced voltage.Because this induced voltage, short circuit current may flow in armature winding, causes and burns, and perhaps the running of equipment may be by excessive brake torque locking.Described in the 1st and the 2nd embodiment, owing to, therefore might reduce this induced voltage, so that determine respectively short circuit current and braking force less than permissible value by the high power output that realizes motor from the interlinkage flux of the permanent magnet 6 of small number.Therefore, even the incident of being short-circuited also can prevent to break down in electric rotating machine and equipment.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st embodiment.

[the 12nd embodiment]

By permanent magnet 6 is arranged between the adjacent pole of rotor core, and realize cavity 8, formed the reluctance rotary motor of present embodiment as first nonmagnetic portion with copper material or aluminium.With regard to other composition, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is identical with the electric rotating machine of the 1st and the 4th embodiment, so save the repeat specification to them.

By the layout of copper in the cavity 8 or aluminium electric conducting material, when rotor 3 when synchronous, produce vortex flow in electric conducting material, so that rotor can not enter its synchronous rotation with rotating magnetic field.That is, can realize the automatic starting and the stable rotation of electric rotating machine.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st and the 4th embodiment.

[the 13rd embodiment]

Figure 12 is the longitudinal section view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention.

According to the present invention, form many apertures around rotor core 4, copper bar 13 inserts respectively in each aperture.The respective end of copper bar 13 is electrically connected to each other.With regard to other composition, the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is identical with the electric rotating machine of the 1st and the 4th embodiment, so save the repeat specification to them.

Under the situation of motor asynchronous running,, therefore can realize the automatic starting and the stable rotation of electric rotating machine in copper bar 13 because induced current flows.In addition, when driving transducer, can absorb vortex flow by harmonic current.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st and the 4th embodiment.

[the 14th embodiment]

Figure 13 and 14 is axial, cross-sectional view of rotor of the reluctance rotary motor of the 14th embodiment of the present invention.

The reluctance rotary motor of present embodiment is characterised in that pair of magnetic end ring 12 is arranged on two axial end portions of rotor core 4.The rotor 3 of present embodiment is made up of rotor core 4 and end ring 12.The electric rotating machine of other part and the 1st embodiment is similar.

The electric rotating machine of present embodiment is according to running as described below.

Make time spent, a part of magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 when what rotor 3 was subjected to armature reaction field that armature supply produces on the direction opposite with the direction of magnetization of each permanent magnet 6 in the rotor core 4

Form and all in axial direction to flow through iron core 4, enter end ring 12 and return the sealing flux circuit 51 of iron core 4.That is, according to the present invention, owing to can produce leakage flux effectively, the therefore amount that can regulate the interlinkage flux between armature winding 2 and the permanent magnet 6, thus can be by armature supply control terminal voltage easily.In addition, as shown in Figure 14, by the gap between control rotor core 4 and each end ring 12, the ratio that can regulate leakage flux and useful flux.As for other operation and effect, present embodiment is similar to the 1st embodiment.

[the 15th embodiment]

Figure 15 A is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 1st embodiment according to the present invention along the radial direction of rotor.Be similar to embodiment above-mentioned, the motor of present embodiment comprises the stator 1 of the armature winding 2 of being furnished with 4 magnetic poles, and cylindrical substantially rotor 3.With regard to the structure of rotor 3, rotor core 4 is by the magnetic material column such as the mild steel that is called " S45C ", and perhaps circular folded silicon steel slice spare constitutes.The direction of respective poles axle in the rotor core 4, the distance of magnet pole widths forms cavity 5 at interval, and each cavity 5 is half arrowhead form.That is,,, therefore form cavity 5 by this way, so that put into corresponding magnetic pole betwixt from the both sides of magnetic pole accordingly because in armature winding 2,4 magnetic poles are cross according to present embodiment.

In order to form the magnetic inhomogeneities, near the adjacent pole of iron core 4, all insert corresponding fan-shaped part, that is, compare with the excircle of cross magnetic pole, have recessed slightly excircle between 4.So between each compole and stator 1, form gap 17.Notice that as shown in Figure 15, each cavity 5 of formation has the outer end that is positioned at the inside circumference of each compole along rotor 3 radial direction.Cavity 5 is formed so in addition, so that rotor 3 corresponding inner end does not in the radial direction disturb mutually.

Rectangle permanent magnet 6, for example Nd-Fe-B class magnet is placed in the cavity 5 of such formation by this way, and promptly the corresponding longitudinal end of permanent magnet 6 contacts with the inner end of cavity 5, and another longitudinal end of permanent magnet 6 slot milling 5a in cavity 5.Utilize, for example binding agent is retained in these permanent magnets in the cavity 5.Each permanent magnet is magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axle.In addition, arrange permanent magnet 6, so that the magnetic flux that permanent magnet 6 produces

Opposing flows into the leakage flux of the armature winding 2 in compole zone.Specifically, all identical on the direction of magnetization as the permanent magnet 6 of each magnetic pole both sides at center, and all perpendicular to this magnetic pole.In addition, the permanent magnet 6 as each compole both sides at center has the reciprocal direction of magnetization on the circumferential direction of rotor core 4.

Figure 15 B has represented the modification of the reluctance rotary motor of Figure 15 A.In this electric rotating machine, in the compole part of rotor core, form fan-shaped cavity 8.The shape of space 5a is changed and is rectangle, so that do not conflict with cavity 8.

Above mentioned reluctance rotary motor turns round according to following explanation.

Figure 16 has represented under so-called " no-load condition ", and the magnetic flux distribution in the rotor 3 under this " no-load condition ", does not have electric current to flow in electric structure winding, so that do not enter rotor 3 from the magnetic flux of winding 2.General in the rotor structure that is embedded with permanent magnet 6, because the magnetic flux that permanent magnet 6 self produces

Cause, under the no-load condition, short circuit current flows in armature winding 2, so that rotor 3 is applied braking force.But, because the rotor 3 of present embodiment has adopted the structure that makes a part of iron core be positioned at the outside of each permanent magnet 6, therefore as shown in Figure 16, magnetic flux

Form loop around each permanent magnet 6.Thereby making the induced voltage that produces in the armature winding 2 under the no-load condition is zero.So, there is not braking force to be applied on the rotor 3, so that the stable rotation that can keep rotor 3.Note, in order to prevent in armature winding 2, to produce induced voltage, we, inventors etc. find the experiment according to us, preferably regulate the position of the permanent magnet 6 that embeds, in other words, regulate the radial thickness of the iron core part 7 (being the iron core part between space 5a and the compole circumference) at compole circumferential end place, so that under " zero " current condition, 17 places become less than 0.1[T in the space with the magnetic density of the permanent magnet 6 of armature winding 2 interconnection at least].

And Figure 17 has represented the magnetic flux distribution in the stress state lower rotor part 3.In this case, because electric current flows magnetic flux in armature winding

Produce by d armature axis electric current.Magnetic flux

Not only contain the main flux that in as the magnetic pole of the rotor core 4 of flux circuit, flows, but also contain the leakage flux that arrives adjacent pole by the part of the iron core on the compole circumference from magnetic pole.Because leakage flux reaches the magnetic flux from permanent magnet 6

Iron core part (magnetic part 7) magnetic saturation at the circumferential edges place of compole.So this magnetic saturation makes the magnetic flux from permanent magnet 6

Be difficult to by iron core part 7, so that this magnetic flux

Combine with the magnetic flux of adjacent permanent magnet 6, pass the magnetic flux that compole is used for stator 1 thereby form

As dotted line is represented among Figure 17.Because magnetic flux

Flow to the compole of rotor 3 from stator 1, and final and armature winding 2 interconnection, therefore can improve power and export and power factor.

Figure 18 has represented along the magnetic flux of the central axis direction of compole It originates from q armature axis electric current.Magnetic flux between the adjacent pole

Really determined between the permanent magnet 6 of compole both sides, to pass through, arrived near the rotor center, and the flux circuit from passing through between the permanent magnet 6 once more.But, since from permanent magnet 6 to stator 1 magnetic flux

Effect, and the increase of the magnetic resistance in space 17, the magnetic flux that q armature axis electric current produces

Be lowered.

That is, since the direction of magnetization of above mentioned permanent magnet 6, magnetic flux

Secondly determined at first to pass each magnetic pole of rotor 3, partly entered stator 1 through space 17 from the iron core of compole, and finally return the flux circuit of subtend permanent magnet 6.In addition, because the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 Be distributed in and magnetic flux

On the opposite direction, so the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6

Repulsion will enter the magnetic flux of compole

In addition, because the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 in the space 17 around the compole

" space " magnetic flux density that is produced by armature supply is reduced, so that the difference of magnetic flux density in the space 17 around the compole and the magnetic flux density in the space 17 around the magnetic pole further increases.This means the position of the electric rotating machine of present embodiment, have the great variety aspect " space " magnetic flux density with respect to rotor 3, thus the variation that has increased the magnetic energy aspect.Therefore rely on the inhomogeneities of magnetic flux density aspect, space, this electric rotating machine can produce big power output.

As mentioned above, when non-loaded or when loading a little,, therefore can reduce induced current, thereby can reduce core loss because the electric rotating machine of present embodiment can reduce the interlinkage flux of permanent magnet 6 and armature winding 2.So, non-loaded or when slightly loading when motor, can realize high-efficient operation.In addition, because the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 6 Be enclosed in the rotor core, therefore also can prevent the permanent magnet demagnetization.Because the voltage that permanent magnet 6 inductions produce is very low, so electric rotating machine can be with various variable speed operations.

In addition, even in rotor rotation process, electrical short takes place in armature winding, converter etc., because induced voltage is substantially equal to zero, so short circuit current does not flow.So,, and prevent that armature winding from damaging though short circuit still can prevent to produce excessive braking force.

In addition in the present embodiment, because rectangle permanent magnet 6 along axial direction (axial direction of the lamination sheet) embedding of rotor core 4, therefore can improve the intensity of rotor 3.

Among the top embodiment, though in leaving space 5a, with permanent magnet 6 cavity fillings 5,, in the modification of present embodiment, also can in the cavity 5a that stays, embed nonmagnetic substance 9.In modification, can reckon with the effect similar in addition with present embodiment.

[the 16th embodiment]

Figure 20 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 16th embodiment according to the present invention along the radial direction of rotor.Similar to embodiment above-mentioned, motor comprises the stator 1 of the armature winding 2 with 4 magnetic poles, and is placed in the rotor 3 in the stator 1.Rotor 3 heart therein has the armature spindle 30 that meshes with rotor core 4.Rotor core 4 perhaps is made of circular folded silicon steel slice spare the magnetic material column such as the mild steel that is called " S45C ".The direction of respective poles axle in the rotor core 4, the distance of magnet pole widths forms cavity 5 at interval, and each cavity 5 has rectangular cross section.Utilize, for example binding agent is rectangle permanent magnet 6, and for example Nd-Fe-B class magnet embeds in the cavity 5 securely.That is, according to present embodiment, because in rotor 3,4 magnetic pole 4a are cross, arrange permanent magnet 6 by this way, so as between put into each magnetic pole 4a.Note, although identical with some embodiment subsequently that comprise present embodiment, armature spindle 30 is inserted in the rotor core 4, in variant embodiment, rotor 3 can be formed by the stacked circular iron core sheet of bonding, and each circular iron core sheet does not have the center drilling that is used for armature spindle 30.

Each permanent magnet 6 is magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axle.In addition, permanent magnet 6 is arranged to flow into from the magnetic flux opposing of permanent magnet 6 leakage flux of the armature winding 2 in the fan-shaped compole 4b zone.Specifically, the permanent magnet 6 of magnetic pole 4a both sides is mutually the same on the direction of magnetization, and is magnetized on the direction perpendicular to this magnetic pole respectively.In addition, the permanent magnet 6 of each compole 4b both sides has the reciprocal direction of magnetization on the circumferential direction of rotor core 4.

Near the outer surface of putting into each magnetic pole 4a between the permanent magnet opposed 6, along the axial direction of rotor the bar rod 20 that a plurality of (for example 5) have the isosceles fan shaped cross section is embedded in the rotor cores 4, the spike that makes them is toward the outer side.Deep trouth bar rod 20 for example adds the iron of aluminium by the magnetic material of conduction, and the iron of interpolation silicon etc. is made, and is transformed, so that by intermediate, for example the conducting strip of not representing among the figure conducts mutually at two axial end portions of rotor 3.The cross section profile of each rod 20 can be a rectangle.Perhaps also can be oval.

Magnetic strips rod 20 works as described below.When the electric rotating machine entry into service, the induced current that the magnetic flux of armature winding 2 produces flows in bar rod 20, so that in rotor 3, produce starting torque, electric rotating machine is independently started. note, be similar to iron core 4, because each magnetic strips rod 20 is made of magnetic material, to the not influence of magnetic flux (main flux) of flowing through magnetic pole 4a.

In addition, according to this embodiment of the present invention, forming a pair cross-section in the iron core of the both sides of one group of magnetic strips rod 20 in embedding each magnetic pole 4a part is circular aperture 21, and aperture 21 is positioned at the outside of permanent magnet 6 along rotor 3 radial direction.Because aperture 21 is provided, each border between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b is perfectly clear, and is enough to block magnetic circuit, so that magnetic resistance is further increased in each compole 4b.So the magnetic energy between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b changes and increases, thereby produces big torque.

[the 17th embodiment]

Figure 21 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 17th embodiment according to the present invention.

According to present embodiment, both can be replaced by a rectangular enclosure 9 to be used for the cavity 5 of each permanent magnet 6 and external cavity 8 among the 16th embodiment, and permanent magnet 6 is disposed such, and makes the inner end of its longitudinal end in abutting connection with cavity 9.

The running of the rotor 3 of present embodiment is similar to the rotor of the 16th embodiment.That is, owing to leave the cavity part in each cavity 5, the border between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b is perfectly clear, and is enough to block magnetic circuit.Note,, therefore compare, can reduce the number of manufacturing procedure, thereby save production cost with embodiment 16 owing to only use a cavity to replace being used for the cavity 5 of permanent magnet and the cavity 8 of the 16th embodiment in the present embodiment.

[the 18th embodiment]

Figure 22 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 18th embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment,, but, a plurality of contact rods 23 in compole 4b, have been embedded with circular cross-section along the outer surface of rotor 3 though rotor 3 looks like the rotor 3 of the 16th embodiment.Each contact rod 23 by, for example copper, aluminium etc., promptly nonmagnetic substance is made.Like this, when electric motor starting, induced current also flows near the outer surface of compole 4b.So, can improve the automatic starting performance of motor.In addition, because contact rod is non magnetic, compare with the 16th and the 17th embodiment, the magnetic resistance among the compole 4b further increases, thereby the magnetic energy between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b changes also further increase, has improved the power output of electric rotating machine.

[the 19th embodiment]

Figure 23 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 19th embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, on the circumference of the compole 4b of the rotor 3 of Figure 21, embed a plurality of non magnetic contact rods 23.The running of the electric rotating machine of present embodiment is similar to the 18th embodiment.

[the 20th embodiment]

Figure 24 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 20th embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, in the cavity 21 of Figure 22, insert a plurality of non magnetic contact rods 24 with circular cross-section.So, the border between clear and definite magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b, thus the variation of magnetic energy aspect further increases between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b, has improved the power output of motor.

[the 21st embodiment]

Figure 25 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 21st embodiment according to the present invention.Except the structure of rotor core 4 with four fan-shaped cavities 25 that are arranged in compole 4b, present embodiment is similar to the embodiment of Figure 20.So the effect by both high magnetic resistance of permanent magnet 6 and cavity 25 reduce along the axial magnetic flux of compole, so that the variation of magnetic energy aspect further increases between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b, thereby provides the power of motor to export.

[the 22nd embodiment]

Figure 26 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 22nd embodiment according to the present invention.Except the structure of the rotor core 4 that also has four fan-shaped cavities 25 that are arranged in compole 4b, present embodiment is similar to the embodiment of Figure 21.The running of the motor of present embodiment is similar to the 21st embodiment.

Notice that with regard to Figure 22,23 and 24 non magnetic contact rod 23, in the modification of these embodiment, the shape of non magnetic contact rod 23 can be a rectangle, also can be triangle.

[23-25 embodiment]

Figure 27-29 is respectively the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of 23-25 embodiment according to the present invention.Identical with those embodiment, be similar to the 21st embodiment, in the rotor 4 of Figure 22-24, form fan-shaped cavity 25 respectively.Except the magnetic resistance of compole 4b was increased by cavity 25, the running of the rotor 3 of these embodiment was identical with the running of the rotor 3 of 18-20 embodiment.

[the 26th embodiment]

Figure 30 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 26th embodiment according to the present invention.In this modification of the 25th embodiment, distance certain at interval on the whole circumference of rotor 3 is arranged the identical cavity 21 in cross section.Fill the magnetic conductive rod 27 that extends along the axial direction of rotor 3 in those cavitys 21 among the magnetic pole 4a, and fill the non magnetic contact rod 24 that extends along the axial direction of rotor 3 in those cavitys 21 among the compole 4b.So,, during electric motor starting,, allow motor independently to start by the induced current that in contact rod 24,27, flows that the magnetic flux from armature winding 2 produces owing on the circumference of rotor 3, be provided with the identical contact rod of profile 24,27.

[the 27th embodiment]

Figure 31 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 27th embodiment according to the present invention.Present embodiment is similar to the 26th embodiment.That is, according to present embodiment, by remove the cavity 21 the magnetic pole 4a from the rotor 3 of the 26th embodiment, rotor 3 does not possess magnetic conductivity.In addition, in the rotor 3 of present embodiment, when electric motor starting, big induced current flows in contact rod 24, thereby can guarantee that motor starts automatically.

Simultaneously, identical with the 21-26 embodiment that forms cavity 25 in compole 4b, when the motor high speed rotating, because action of centrifugal force, the corresponding bridging part of rotor 3 (that is the circumferential section of compole 4b) has the possibility of outside distortion.

Figure 32-35 has represented to be out of shape owing to the motor high speed rotating causes rotor 3 for preventing, and the respective cross section of the various rotor cores 4 that provide.In the following embodiments, each rotor core of Figure 32-35 can be placed on two axial end portions of rotor core assembly, also can insert the axial centre position of rotor assembly, this rotor core assembly can be by stacked some, and for example disk as shown in Figure 30 obtains.

[the 28th embodiment]

Figure 32 has represented the rotor lamination 4A of conduct according to the part of the rotor of the 28th embodiment.For rotor lamination 4A is provided, from the rotor core 4 of Figure 30, remove fan-shaped cavity 25, thereby except the cavity of laying permanent magnet 6, the rotor lamination 4A that is finished there is not cavity.So, being disposed in two axial end portions of rotor at lamination 4A, perhaps one or more lamination 4A are inserted in the rotor core 4 in the rotor, because the compole 4b of rotor is enhanced, when the motor high speed rotating, can resist centrifugal force.

[the 29th embodiment]

Figure 33 has represented the rotor lamination 4B of conduct according to the part of the rotor of the 29th embodiment.According to present embodiment, in each compole 4b, lamination 4B has the cavity 28 slightly littler than the cavity 30 of Figure 30.So, being disposed in two axial end portions of rotor at lamination 4B, perhaps one or more lamination 4A are inserted in the rotor core 4 in the rotor, and the compole 4b of rotor is enhanced.

[the 30th embodiment]

Figure 34 has represented the rotor lamination 4C of conduct according to the part of the rotor of the 30th embodiment.Though present embodiment is at the embodiment that is similar to Figure 30 aspect the arrangement of contact rod, but the difference of the former with the latter is that in each compole 4b lamination 4C has one along the outward extending bridgeware 29 of rotor radial direction.In the assembling, one or more lamination 4C are inserted in the rotor that the rotor core 4 by stacked some Figure 30 obtains, so that strengthen the compole 4b of rotor.

[the 31st embodiment]

Figure 35 has represented the rotor lamination 4D of conduct according to the part of the rotor of the 31st embodiment.Though present embodiment is similar to the embodiment of Figure 31 aspect rotor structure, but the difference of last embodiment and back one embodiment is that in each compole 4b lamination 4D also has one along the outward extending bridgeware 29 of rotor radial direction.In the assembling, one or more lamination 4D are inserted in the rotor that the rotor core 4 by stacked some Figure 31 obtains, so that strengthen the compole 4b of rotor.

[the 32nd embodiment]

Figure 36 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 32nd embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, rotor 3 has the cavity 25 that is formed among the compole 4b, and covers electric conducting material cylindrical member 30 on the whole circumference face of rotor 3.The material of cylindrical member 30 can be a nonmagnetic substance, for example copper, aluminium or the like.Perhaps cylindrical member 30 can be made by the magnetic material with satisfactory electrical conductivity.

So when electric motor starting, the induced current mobile along the axial direction of cylindrical member 30 produces starting torque, allows rotor 3 to start automatically.Note, compare,, can improve the mechanical strength of rotor, simplified the manufacturing of motor simultaneously owing to adopted the component count of rotor 3 of the present embodiment of cylinder conductive member 30 to be reduced with the embodiment that in rotor core, embeds many contact rods.

Notice that as the material with satisfactory electrical conductivity, the Cu-Fe alloy is suitable for making cylindrical member 30.In addition, when the thickness of column is confirmed as 1～4 times of skin thickness (skin thickness can be determined by permeability and permeability), can increases the starting torque of rotor, and reduce the idle running when making motor synchronous, thereby can simplify the sync pulling of motor especially.

[the 33rd embodiment]

Figure 37 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 33rd embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, rotor is made up of the cruciform shaped core 31 that extends along the magnetic pole axle, considers simultaneously steel plate is struck out the yield point that lamination has improved product, has removed the corresponding coupling part (bridging part) of compole.In rotary iron core 31, each magnetic pole 31a has the front end that forms with the dovetail form.And electric conducting material column 32 is provided with the dovetail groove that is used for the engagement of the coattail end of rotor core 31 in the surface within it.By these engagement, the column 32 fit on rotor cores 31 of Gou Chenging like this.Like this, the cavity 25 of aforementioned rotor 3 is determined by cross rotor core 31 and around the column 32 of iron core 31.The running of the motor of present embodiment is similar to the 32nd embodiment.In addition, because the structure of iron core has improved the efficient of material, so can reduce manufacturing cost.Because by the engagement of coattail end and dovetail groove, rotor core 31 is assembled together with column 32 securely, even therefore rotor high-speed rotates, can slide yet, thereby can improve the intensity of rotor.Notice that with regard to the magnetic of conductive member 30,32, the most handy nonmagnetic substance is made conductive member 30,32,, reduce the axial magnetic flux of compole so that increase the magnetic resistance of compole 4b.Perhaps member 30,32 also can be made by the magnetic material with satisfactory electrical conductivity.

Under the situation that adopts the good material of conductivity, be similar to the 32nd embodiment, when the thickness of column is confirmed as 1～4 times of skin thickness (skin thickness can be determined by permeability and permeability), then can increase the starting torque of rotor, and reduce idle running when making motor synchronous, thereby can simplify the sync pulling of motor especially.

[the 34th embodiment]

Figure 38 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 34th embodiment according to the present invention.In this modification of the 33rd embodiment, conductor is made up of the shell member 33 of 4 bendings of the outer surface of magnetic pole 4a in succession.Each shell member 33 overlaps on the compole 4b, and combines with compole 4b by the engagement between the dovetail projection of dovetail groove and member 33, and compole 4b is arranged in magnetic pole 4a front end inside along rotor 3 radial direction.According to present embodiment, because going up, compole 4b covers shell member 33, during electric motor starting, induced current flows in compole 4b, and motor can be started automatically.In addition, because each shell member 33 is transformed,,, therefore can reduce air drag (windage), thereby can improve rotation efficiency so that form the rotor 3 of circular cross-section with the outer surface of the magnetic pole 4a that continues.

[the 35th embodiment]

Figure 39 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 35th embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, in each cavity 25 of rotor 3, the conduction shell member 34 that is similar to the shell member 33 of the 34th embodiment is fixed on the rotor core 4.In the operation process, when electric motor starting, induced current flows being arranged in the shell member 34 of compole 4b than the outside, and motor can be started automatically.

[the 36th embodiment]

Figure 40 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 36th embodiment according to the present invention, and present embodiment is similar to the 33rd and 34 embodiment.According to present embodiment, remove compole 4b from the rotor 3 of Figure 38, so that the cross section of the rotor core 4 that forms is a cross.In addition, the circumferential end of each magnetic pole 4a is hook-type, is used for and conducts electricity the circumferential end engagement of shell member 35.Because this structure of magnetic pole 4a even the centrifugal force of rotor 3 is applied on the member 35, can prevent that also member 35 breaks away from rotor 3.Like this, each conduction shell member 35 of present embodiment constitutes the part of rotor 3 at compole.In the operation, when electric motor starting, induced current flows in shell member 35, and motor can be started automatically.In addition, because each shell member 35 is transformed,, therefore can reduce air drag (windage), thereby can improve rotation efficiency with the outer surface of the magnetic pole 4a that continues.

Though shell member 35 is separated from each other in the present embodiment, but in variant embodiment, they can be replaced by the cylindrical member 37 of Figure 41, and each member 35 interconnects by annular section 36.

[the 37th embodiment]

Figure 42 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 37th embodiment according to the present invention.Be similar to the 1st embodiment, this reluctance rotary motor comprises the stator 1 of the armature winding 2 with 4 magnetic poles, and is placed in the rotor 3 in the stator 1.

Present embodiment is characterised in that a cylindrical conductive member 38 covers the whole circumference of having changeed iron core 4.As shown in Figure 43, along circumferential direction, cylindrical conductive member 38 has all a plurality of slit 38a that extend along the axial direction of member 38.

Because the formation of slit 38a, induced current flow during electric motor starting is determined a long loop that axially reaches circumferential direction along rotor, simultaneously shown in arrow A among Figure 43.So, strengthened the magnetic coupling between armature winding and the rotor, for rotor provides bigger starting torque, rotor 3 can be started automatically.

Notice that therefore the cylindrical member 38 of present embodiment is easy to make owing to simple in structure, can guarantee to have enough mechanical strengths simultaneously.In addition, because member 38 becomes smoothly the circumference of rotor 3, therefore can reduce air drag (windage), thereby can improve rotation efficiency.

Material with satisfactory electrical conductivity for example contains the iron of aluminium, siliceous iron, and Cu-Fe alloy etc. can be used as the material of member 38.In this case, when the thickness of cylindrical member 38 is confirmed as 1～4 times of skin thickness (skin thickness can be determined by permeability and permeability), then can increase the starting torque of rotor, and reduce the idle running when making motor synchronous, thereby can simplify the sync pulling of motor especially.Perhaps, if member 38 is made by the magnetic material that is similar to iron core 4, then can not influence the magnetic flux (main flux) that flows through magnetic pole 4a.

[the 38th embodiment]

Figure 44 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 38th embodiment according to the present invention.The difference of the reluctance rotary motor of present embodiment and the 38th embodiment is that on each compole, rotor is provided with cavity 25.Other similar comprises cylindrical member 38 in the 38th embodiment.

According to present embodiment, because by resulting from the effect of magnetic resistance of permanent magnet 6 and cavity 25, the axial magnetic flux of compole is reduced, so the magnetic energy between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b changes and further enlarged, thereby the power that has improved motor is exported.

[the 39th embodiment]

Figure 45 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 39th embodiment according to the present invention.The reluctance rotary motor of present embodiment is that with the difference of the 39th embodiment the configuration of rotor core 4 is different.Be similar to the embodiment of Figure 37, rotor 3 is made up of the cruciform shaped core 31 that extends along the magnetic pole direction of principal axis, considers simultaneously steel plate is struck out the yield point that lamination has improved product, has removed the corresponding coupling part (bridging part) of compole.So the front end of each magnetic pole 31a is swallow-tail form, and cylindrical member 38 is arranged in the outside of rotor core 4, and it is provided with the dovetail groove that is used for the engagement of the coattail end of rotor core 31.

Be similar to the 37th and 38 embodiment, cylindrical member 38 is made up of the conductive member with a plurality of slit 38a that arrange along member 38 circumferential direction, as shown in Figure 43.Cavity 25 is determined by this cylindrical member 38 and cruciform shaped core 31.

The effect of the member 38 of the effect of cylindrical member 38 and the 37th and 38 embodiment is identical.In addition, because the structure of iron core has improved the efficient of material, so can reduce manufacturing cost.Because by the engagement of coattail end and dovetail groove, rotor core 31 is assembled together with column 32 securely, even therefore rotor high-speed rotates, can slide yet, thereby can improve the intensity of rotor.

Note, adopting the good material of conductivity to be used under the situation of cylindrical member 38, and when the thickness of cylindrical member is confirmed as 1～4 times of skin thickness (skin thickness can be determined by permeability and permeability), then can increase the starting torque of rotor, and reduce idle running when making motor synchronous, thereby can simplify the sync pulling of motor especially.

But, identical with 37-39 embodiment, cylindrical member 38 can be made by nonmagnetic substance, with the magnetic resistance of raising compole 4b, thereby reduces the axial magnetic flux of compole.

[the 40th embodiment]

Figure 46 A is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 40th embodiment according to the present invention.In the distortion of the 39th embodiment, the conductor of rotor 3 is made up of the shell member 39 of 4 bendings, and along circumferential direction, each shell member 39 is provided with the slit 39a of a plurality of Figure 46 B.Each shell member 39 overlaps on the compole 4b, and combines with compole 4b by the engagement between the dovetail projection of dovetail groove and member 39, and compole 4b is arranged in magnetic pole 4a front end inside along rotor 3 radial direction.According to present embodiment, because going up, compole 4b covers shell member 39, during electric motor starting, induced current flows in compole 4b, and motor can be started automatically.In addition, because each shell member 39 is transformed,,, therefore can reduce air drag (windage), thereby can improve rotation efficiency so that form the rotor 3 of circular cross-section with the outer surface of the magnetic pole 4a that continues.

In addition, according to present embodiment, shell member 39 is by the nonmagnetic substance with satisfactory electrical conductivity, and for example copper, aluminium etc. are made.So when motor rotation, induced current also flows near the compole 4b of rotor 3 outer surface, has improved the automatic starting performance of motor.Simultaneously, because shell member 39 is non magnetic, the magnetic resistance among the compole 4b further increases, and the magnetic energy between magnetic pole 4a and the compole 4b changes further and increases, thereby has improved the power output of motor.

[the 41st embodiment]

Figure 47 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 41st embodiment according to the present invention.According to present embodiment, the conductor of rotor 3 is made up of the shell member 40 of 4 bendings, and along the circumferential direction of rotor 3b, each shell member is furnished with more than one slit 39a.Each shell member 40 is fixed on the outside of each cavity 25 of rotor 3.

So during owing to electric motor starting, the induced current in long loop flows in being arranged in the outside relatively shell member 40 of compole 4b, makes the automatic starting of motor easy.

[the 42nd embodiment]

Figure 48 A is the cross-sectional view of the rotor 3 of the reluctance rotary motor of the 42nd embodiment according to the present invention, and present embodiment is similar to the 40th and 41 embodiment.

According to present embodiment, remove compole 4b from the rotor 3 of Figure 46 A, so that the cross section of the rotor core 4 that forms is a cross.In addition, the circumferential end of each magnetic pole 4a is hook-type, is used for and conducts electricity the circumferential end engagement of shell member 41.Because this structure of magnetic pole 4a even the centrifugal force of rotor 3 is applied on the member 41, can prevent that also member 41 breaks away from rotor 3.

In addition, owing to two axial end portions at each member 41, shell member 41 interconnects by annular section 41b, 41c, can form along the axial direction of rotor core 4 to extend, and along the circumferential direction of rotor 3 long loop slit 41a arranged side by side.Simultaneously, shell member 41 is connected with the outer surface smoother of magnetic pole 4a.

So the rotor core 4 of present embodiment can obtain to be similar to the effect of embodiment 45.In addition, because each shell member 41 is transformed,, therefore can reduce air drag (windage), thereby can improve rotation efficiency with the outer surface of the magnetic pole 4a that continues.In addition, when electric motor starting, the induced current in long loop flows in shell member 41, thereby makes the automatic starting of motor easy.

Note, though in the present embodiment, 4 shell members 41 are connected to each other by annular section 41b and 41c, thereby constitute single cylindrical conductive member, but be similar to the 40th and 41 embodiment, in the modification of the 42nd embodiment, can remove annular section 41b, 41c makes shell member 41 disconnected from each other.

Identical with 37-42 embodiment, because the conductor of rotor core 4 outsides has a plurality of slits that form on the cylindrical part of rotor core, described a plurality of slit is arranged along the circumferential direction of rotor, so that all the axial direction along rotor extends, so during electric motor starting, when the axial direction along rotor forms long loop, induced current flow, thereby the magnetic coupling between armature winding and the rotor is strengthened greatly, and being enough to provides starting torque for motor.

[the 43rd embodiment]

Figure 49 is the cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotary motor of the 43rd embodiment according to the present invention along the radial direction of rotor.Be similar to aforementioned embodiment, the motor of present embodiment comprises the stator 1 of being furnished with armature winding 2, and is placed in the rotor 3 in the stator 1.

According to present embodiment, the annular construction member 42 that rotor 3 is reached near rotor core 4 by the rotor core 4 with star section.

Rotor core 4 is by by magnetic material steel plate (mild steel S45C for example, the lamination of some steel plates that punching press silicon steel) (or line cutting) across obtains constitutes, have along the outwardly directed magnetic pole 4a of the radial direction of rotor 3, and put into compole 4b (non magnetic space) between the adjacent pole 4a respectively along the circumferential direction of rotor 3.And constitute by the form of the annular construction member made from the magnetic material identical materials of rotor core 4 42 with cylindrical member, this cylindrical member has the annular section that thickness is T, and also extends the direction of drawing (promptly perpendicular to) along the axial direction of rotor core 4.

For with rotor core 4 combinations, utilize to shrink connector, pressure connector etc. closely is fixed on annular construction member 42 on the periphery of magnetic pole 4a.Like this, in the operation process of rotor, there is not slip between rotor core 4 and the annular construction member 42.Notice that the radial thickness T of regulation annular construction member 42 is less than the thickness t of the bridging part 51 of the early stage rotor 50 of Figure 54 (T＜t).Its reason is that annular construction member 42 is integrally formed, can have its intensity respectively than those high compole 4b (and their neighbouring part) of early stage rotor so be clamped in rotor core 4 in this member 42, this early stage rotor has the identical bridging part of thickness and member 42.In other words, when requiring that each interpolar of rotor guaranteed certain intensity, and compare for the same thickness t of the early stage rotor (referring to Figure 54) that provides that requires, the rotor 3 of present embodiment can reduce the thickness T of annular construction member 42.

Rotor 3 and the reluctance rotary motor with rotor 3 turn round according to following explanation.

Figure 50 has represented the magnetic flux on the d direction of principal axis of rotor core 4 magnetic pole axles

As shown in FIG., because magnetic flux

In as the rotor core 4 of the magnetic pole 4a of flux circuit, flow, and the magnetic resistance of this flux circuit is very little, so the electric rotating machine of present embodiment has the structure that magnetic flux is easy to flow.Simultaneously because the thickness T of annular construction member 42 is less than the thickness t of bridging part 51 (Figure 54), therefore with compare the amount of leakage flux that can be by member 42 by the leakage flux of bridging part 51.

Figure 51 has represented to be caused by q armature axis electric current, along the magnetic flux of radial axis directions by compole 4b center Though magnetic flux Part forms the flux circuit that passes compole 4b, but magnetic flux Almost form by member 42, though flow out the flux circuit of adjacent compole 4b subsequently along the radial direction of rotor 3. this magnetic flux distribution of the rotor 3 of present embodiment is similar to the magnetic flux distribution of conventional rotor 50, but because T＜t, flow through the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of annular construction member 42 less than the bridging part 51 that flows through rotor 50, the magnetic resistance of compole 4b increases simultaneously.Like this, because annular construction member 42 because of attenuate is provided, it is unbalanced to have produced big magnetic with respect to the position of rotor 3, and resulting magnetic energy significantly changes, and exports thereby produce big power of motor.

In addition, the rotor 3 of present embodiment is made of inhomogeneous rotor core 4 one that cover annular construction member 42 on it, therefore for identical requirement, compares with early stage rotor, can make the thickness of annular construction member 42 littler.

Material with regard to annular construction member 42, use is compared with the situation of rotor core 4 identical materials with annular construction member, use with the material that constitutes rotor core 4 and compare, the less material of its saturation flux density can cause the axial magnetic flux of q to be difficult to flow in member 42.In this case, the leakage flux by annular construction member 42 also can be reduced in the axial magnetic flux of d, thereby has increased the amount of main flux, therefore can improve the power output of motor.

[the 44th embodiment]

Figure 52 is the cross-sectional view of the rotor of the 44th embodiment according to the present invention along the radial direction of rotor.According to the present invention, rotor 3 is characterised in that for example Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 6 is arranged in the both sides of each magnetic pole 4a of rotor core 4 along circumferential direction.Notice that about the layout of annular construction member 42, present embodiment is similar to the 43rd embodiment.

Permanent magnet 6 edges are magnetized perpendicular to the direction by the magnetic pole axle shown in the arrow A, and are magnetized to the q axle magnetic flux that repels the armature winding 2 that enters compole 4b.In other words, the subtend permanent magnet 6 that inserts each magnetic pole 4a therebetween is mutually the same on the direction of magnetization, perpendicular to this magnetic pole 4a.And the direction of magnetization of the subtend permanent magnet of each compole 4b both sides differs from one another, and all be positioned on the circumferential direction of rotor 3, and the subtend permanent magnet of each compole 4b both sides is arranged to make the magnetic flux from permanent magnet 6 radially to flow in compole 4b.According to the rotor 3 of present embodiment, because except the effect of annular construction member 42, the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 6 also resists q axle magnetic flux, so the magnetic resistance among the compole 4b further increases, thus the power output that has improved motor.

Simultaneously, the reluctance rotary motor of present embodiment also is better than conventional reluctance rotary motor aspect manufacture method.

Figure 53 A-53D has represented to make an example of the rotor of Figure 52.Notice that in this manufacture method, permanent magnet 6 is magnetized by magnetic conductor.That is, according to this manufacture method, make at first that to have cut into criss-cross some magnetic pieces mutually stacked and be fixed, so that preparation has the rotor core 4 (referring to Figure 53 A) of magnetic pole 4a and compole 4b.

Secondly, before magnetization permanent magnet 6, utilize binding agent permanent magnet 6 to be sticked on the two sides of each magnetic pole 4a (referring to Figure 53 B).

Next, as shown in Figure 53 C, the rotor core 4 that has permanent magnet 6 is put into magnetic conductor 60, magnetize permanent magnet 6 subsequently in order, so that have the direction of magnetization above-mentioned.After all permanent magnets 6 all are magnetized, from magnetic conductor 60, take out rotor core 4, utilize contraction connector, pressure connector etc. that annular construction member 42 is assembled on the rotor core 4 afterwards, thereby finish rotor 3 (referring to Figure 53 D).

Like this, because rotor 3 comprises the cross rotor core 4 as a part, therefore can easily be installed in premagnetization magnet 6 on the magnetic pole 4a.In addition, because the permanent magnet of installing 6 is exposed on the rotor core 4 like this, therefore can easily put into magnetic conductor 60 to rotor core 4 with permanent magnet 6.

In the modification of said method, prior magnetized permanent magnet 6 can be installed on the side of magnetic pole 4a of rotor core 4, afterwards, can be assembled to annular construction member 42 on the rotor core 4.In this case, because the configuration of rotor core 4 can be inserted magnetized magnet 6 in the iron core 4 easily, thereby simplify the assembly manipulation of finishing rotor 3.

In addition, in this method modification, consider the windage that reduces rotor 3 simply, annular construction member 42 can be made of nonmagnetic substance.

At last, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that top explanation is the most preferred embodiment of electric rotating machine, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, availablely go out various variations and modification.

Claims (8)

1. reluctance rotary motor comprises:

Stator with armature winding;

Rotor has rotor core and is positioned at the annular construction member of rotor core outside; Wherein:

Rotor core comprises a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compole, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, each compole along the circumferential directions of rotor between adjacent pole,

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor core, so that around the periphery of magnetic pole, and

Along the circumferential direction on two sides of each magnetic pole of rotor core, rotor is furnished with a plurality of permanent magnets, and these permanent magnets are magnetized offsetting the q axle magnetic flux by the armature winding of compole,

Wherein, the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each magnetic pole is mutually the same on the circumferencial direction of rotor, and the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each compole on the circumferencial direction of rotor toward each other.

2. according to the described reluctance rotary motor of claim 1, wherein annular construction member is made by magnetic material.

3. according to the described reluctance rotary motor of claim 2, wherein annular construction member is made of the material of saturation flux density less than the saturation flux density of the material that constitutes rotor core.

4. according to the described reluctance rotary motor of claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet is magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axle.

5. a method of making the rotor of electric rotating machine comprises the steps:

Preparation has the rotor core of a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compoles, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, each compole along the circumferential directions of rotor between adjacent pole;

Before magnetization, a plurality of permanent magnets along the circumferential directions of rotor core on two sides of each magnetic pole;

Rotor core is placed on the magnetic conductor, to magnetize above-mentioned permanent magnet; And

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor core, makes annular construction member center on the periphery of magnetic pole,

Wherein, the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each magnetic pole is mutually the same on the circumferencial direction of rotor, and the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each compole on the circumferencial direction of rotor toward each other.

6. according to the method for the rotor of the described manufacturing electric rotating machine of claim 5, wherein along magnetizing described permanent magnet perpendicular to the direction of magnetic pole axle.

7. a method of making the rotor of electric rotating machine comprises the steps:

Preparation has the rotor core of a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of compoles, and each magnetic pole is by partly forming along the outwardly directed iron core of the radial direction of rotor, each compole along the circumferential directions of rotor between adjacent pole;

After magnetization, a plurality of permanent magnets along the circumferential directions of rotor core on two sides of each magnetic pole, make that the direction of magnetization be positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each magnetic pole is mutually the same on the circumferencial direction of rotor, and the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the permanent magnet on two sides of each compole on the circumferencial direction of rotor toward each other; Afterwards,

Annular construction member is installed on the rotor core, makes annular construction member center on the periphery of magnetic pole.

8. according to the method for the rotor of the described manufacturing electric rotating machine of claim 7, wherein arrange described permanent magnet, make described permanent magnet be magnetized along direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole axle.

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