CN100469907C - Method for processing dust with zinc of electric furnace - Google Patents
Method for processing dust with zinc of electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN100469907C CN100469907C CNB200710024770XA CN200710024770A CN100469907C CN 100469907 C CN100469907 C CN 100469907C CN B200710024770X A CNB200710024770X A CN B200710024770XA CN 200710024770 A CN200710024770 A CN 200710024770A CN 100469907 C CN100469907 C CN 100469907C
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Abstract
This invention discloses a method for treating zinc-containing dust generated in electric furnace. The method comprises: mixing zinc-containing dust with carbon, balling, oven-drying to obtain carbon-containing balls, adding into a converter, calcining at a high temperature to reduce into zinc vapor, introducing into an oxidation chamber, introducing air to oxidize zinc vapor into zinc oxide vapor, introducing into a cooling chamber, cooling to obtain zinc oxide powder, introducing into a dust collection chamber, collecting zinc oxide powder, introducing the carbon-containing balls into a cooler, and cooling to obtain semi-metallized balls. The zinc oxide powder has purity above 90%; the semi-metallized balls have metallization rate above 60%, TFe content above 50%, and zinc content below 2%. The method has such advantages as high utility of zinc-containing dust, low cost and no pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, specifically the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace.
Background technology
The dust of electric-arc furnace steelmaking output batch 1%～2% except that iron content, also contains metallic elements such as lead, zinc, cadmium, chromium and nickel in these dust.EPA (EPA) is classified as harmful waste (K061) with such dust.Must be processed into can landfill after the non hazardous waste.For this reason, each state all very payes attention to processing and the comprehensive utilization to electric furnace dust, carries out various researchs, wishes to develop not only economy but also can reclaim the technology of valuable metal resource and non-environmental-pollution.Have the technology of dust with zinc of electric furnace processing and utilizing is common at present: pyrogenic process, wet method and pyrogenic process combine with wet method and curing or vitreous method.
The pyrogenic attack technology mainly comprises: (1) two section and one section Waelz kiln treatment technology: zinc, lead, cadmium and some muriates are separated in first section kiln of two sections Waelz kilns, and the nontoxic product of output such as iron etc. return electric arc furnace, and the dust of first section kiln output is sent into second section kiln output low-purity oxidation zinc and plumbous, cadmium muriate.(2) flame reactor is handled: flame reactor is a cyclone furnace, tiny exsiccant EAF dust is added in the stove, and blast coke or fine coal in the oxygen combustion stove, and output is leaded, cadmium and halid zinc oxide primary products, and output satisfies the rich iron glass slag of environmental requirement simultaneously.(3) ZTT treatment technology: ZTT is the single-revolution kiln, EAF dust after granulating adds and also adds coke or the coal reductive agent as oxide compounds such as zinc in the kiln simultaneously, leaded, cadmium and halid zinc oxide are collected the back in the stove tail and are removed halogenide and get inferior grade zinc oxide and be sold to spelter works, the byproduct composite salt of gained can be used as the lubricating fluid additive, and the metallic iron of output returns electric arc furnace and reclaims iron.(4) Laclede treatment technology: its treating processes is very simple, and EAF dust and reductive agent are added a Sealed electric oven, and at different steps recovery zinc, lead and the cadmium of metallic reducing steam, scum can reach the environmental protection standard landfill and throw aside.(5) Ausmelt treatment technology: Ausmelt is a fluidization bed technique, melt, oxygen and coal dust directly inject liquid slag, melt EAF dust in first stove, collect with cloth bag after oxide compounds such as reduction lead, zinc, cadmium make it to enter flue gas in second stove, the final slag of output reaches environmental protection standard and throws aside.(6) MetWool treatment technology: MetWool treating processes, at first pressure is rolled into a ball behind mixed arc stove dust, other refuses and the flux, pelletizing together adds cupola furnace with reductive agent after drying, collects the oxide compound of lead, zinc, cadmium from gas phase, and output white pig iron and low iron blast furnace slag.
The wet processing technology mainly comprises: (1) EZINEX treatment technology: it adopts the oxide compounds such as zinc, lead and cadmium in the ammonium chloride solution leaching dust, obtain lead and cadmium with the zinc dust precipitation leach liquor, electrolytic solution gets electrolytic zinc, allocate the coal dust granulation after the leached mud drying into and add electric arc furnace recovery iron, sell behind potassium, the sodium villaumite evaporative crystallization.(2) ZINCEX treatment technology: it adopts sulfuric acid to leach zinc, cadmium oxide compound and halogenide, and electrolysis gets the product electrolytic zinc after purifying, and gets cadmium from purify slag, carries lead from leached mud, and electrolysis waste solution can return leaching.(2) Rezade treatment technology: leach the back with strong acid and remove delead, cadmium with the zinc powder deposition, electrolysis goes out zinc powder, and leached mud returns electric arc furnace and reclaims metal.(3) TerraGaia treatment technology: leach EAF dust with the iron trichloride high pressure, in leach liquor, blast H again
2S makes zinc send zinc to smelt with the ZnS precipitation, and the iron content leached mud reclaims iron, and is plumbous with PbCl
2Or PbS crystallization recovery, leach liquor can be recycled.(4) Cashman treatment technology: Cashman leaches wet process for the hydrochloric acid high pressure, this method has been used to handle and has been contained arsenic minerals and copper metallurgy dust, leach liquor is the output high-purity zinc oxide after the zinc powder removal of impurities, produces ferric oxide or metallic iron after leached mud dezincifies, and purifies slag and is used to reclaim lead and cadmium.
Pyrogenic process and wet method combined treatment technology mainly comprise: (1) MRT treatment technology: adopt ammonium chloride solution to leach dust and make the plumbous cadmium dissolving of most of zinc enter solution, obtain plumbous and cadmium primary metals product with the zinc dust precipitation leach liquor, the iron content leached mud behind washing and filtering with pyrogenic process recovery iron wherein.(2) Enviroplas treatment technology: drying together adds plasma arc furnace from hollow graphite electrode with coke after removing fluorine chlorine in the EAF dust with wet method, oxide compounds such as lead, zinc, cadmium reduction back volatilization warp concentrated metallic zinc.
Solidify or vitreous method treatment technology mainly comprises: (1) SuperDetox treatment technology: the SuperDetox process is with dust and aluminium, Si oxide; lime and other additives mix, and make the heavy metal ion redox and are deposited among aluminium, the Si oxide.(2) IRC treatment technology: EAF dust is mixed the back and is adopted particular design process furnace fusing with additive, product is in the middle of crystal and heavy metal ion are wrapped in.This method is the same with SuperDetox curing, and metals resources does not obtain reclaiming and utilizing.
The subject matter that the above-mentioned method that these handle dust with zinc of electric furnace exists is: perhaps do not reclaim the valuable metal resource, perhaps the processing cost height perhaps causes secondary pollution to environment, and the value of perhaps handling the back products therefrom is lower, deficiency in economic performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of not only economy but also can reclaim the treatment process of the dust with zinc of electric furnace of valuable metal resource and non-environmental-pollution.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace adopts and to join the direct reduction roasting method of carbon-containing and handle, and may further comprise the steps:
1. to dust with zinc of electric furnace join carbon, make ball, drying, make carbonaceous pelletizing;
2. the carbonaceous pelletizing after will drying is packed in the rotary hearth furnace, carries out the high temperature reduction roasting under 1100 ℃～1200 ℃ temperature, and be 60min～90min heat-up time;
3. the Zn steam that ZnO in the rotary hearth furnace is reduced into is introduced oxidizing chamber, and suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber generate the ZnO steam;
4. the ZnO steam is introduced cooling room, it is cooled to ZnO powder;
5. ZnO powder is introduced dust chamber, obtain ZnO powder;
6. the carbonaceous pelletizing after will handling through rotary hearth furnace is introduced cooler and is cooled off, and obtains semi metallized pellet;
In the above-mentioned steps, step 3. in, the oxidizing chamber temperature is 1100 ℃～1250 ℃, makes air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction, generates the ZnO steam.
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures:
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 1. in, the mixed carbon raw material of carbonaceous pelletizing is a coke, the globule size of coke is 40～100 orders.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 1. in, the carbon content of carbonaceous pelletizing is in the carbon-to-oxygen ratio in the pelletizing, C/O is 1.1～1.3.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 1. in, the pelletizing diameter of carbonaceous pelletizing is 12mm～15mm.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 1. in, the balling-up time of carbonaceous pelletizing is 25～35min.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 2. in, rotary hearth furnace pelletizing feed layer thickness is 30mm～50mm.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 3. in, with the way of air inducing the Zn steam is introduced oxidizing chamber.
The treatment process of aforesaid dust with zinc of electric furnace, wherein said step 4. in, the cooling room temperature is less than 500 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention's use is joined the direct reduction roasting method treatment technology of carbon-containing and is handled dust with zinc of electric furnace, mainly contain following advantage: the residual Zn content of pelletizing is below 2% after (1) roasting, the reduction volatilization rate of Zn reaches more than 90%, the major advantage that the high reduction volatilization rate of Zn is this technology; (2) degree of metalization of pelletizing is about 60% after the roasting, and TFe content is greater than 50%, and single ball intensity surpasses the 2kN that blast furnace requires, and is blast furnace raw material preferably; (3) can obtain the oxide powder and zinc of higher degree, can realize the comprehensive utilization of electric furnace dust, environmental benefit preferably not only be arranged, and favorable economic benefit is arranged.Behind the disposal methods dust with zinc of electric furnace of the present invention, can obtain two kinds of products: a kind of ZnO of being powder, its ZnO content is greater than 90%; Another kind is to can be used as blast furnace or the electric furnace semi metallized pellet of preparing burden, and degree of metalization is about 60%, and TFe content is greater than 50%, and Zn content is less than 2%.The present invention has realized the second stage employ of metallurgical waste, not only economy but also can reclaim valuable metal resource and non-environmental-pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Can not directly be used in Steel Plant because of Zn content in the electric furnace dust is higher, know that from the physical chemistry of Zn, Fe and the analysis of thermodynamic property all than being easier to reduction, the saturation vapour pressure of Metal Zn is bigger for the oxide compound of Fe and Zn, high temperature is volatilization easily down, and iron is not volatile.Utilize the difference of Zn and these physicochemical property of Fe, adopt and join direct such dust of reducing roasting technical finesse of carbon-containing.
Join carbon-containing: because the electric furnace dust granularity is very little, balling-up easily, highly beneficial to making ball.Studies show that binding agent has certain effect to the dust balling property, along with the increase of binder content, the pelletizing performance increases to some extent, but increased value is not clearly, considers that from the economic benefit angle adopting not, the scheme of adding additives also can meet the demands.40 purpose coke also can satisfy the balling-up requirement, but coke size is too big, during greater than 100 orders, are unfavorable for reduction reaction, also are unfavorable for being mixed even with dust.Balling-up time, C/O have certain influence to the intensity of green-ball and dry bulb, wherein the balling-up time bigger to its influence, satisfy the pelletizing of requirement of strength, the balling-up time is 25～35min.
The roasting of rotary hearth furnace high temperature reduction: the reduction process of EAF dust than the reduction complexity of pure-oxide many, this is that they participate in the reduction reaction process simultaneously because dust contains multiple metal oxide.They some under experiment condition, can be reduced, some can not be reduced.According to thermomechanical analysis, iron, manganese, copper, lead and zinc can be reduced, and for zinc oxide, begin reduction temperature much lower than with the indirect reduction of CO with the direct reductive of C, illustrate that under certain condition the direct reduction of zinc oxide and C is easier to be carried out; Following reduction reaction takes place:
ZnO+C＝Zn+CO (1)
ZnO+CO＝Zn+CO
2 (2)
The reduction initial stage does not have enough CO in the pelletizing, reductive agent carbon directly contacts with metal oxide and reacts, and is undertaken by the reaction formula of formula (1), is typical directly reduction process.In the reduction later stage, with the generation of reduzate, reductive agent carbon can not contact with oxide compound, and it is very difficult to diffuse through the solid product layer, and at this moment CO replaces carbon as reductive agent, and reduction reaction is undertaken by the reaction formula of formula (2).Therefore, reduction process is divided into two different stepss, and the reductive condition at initial stage obviously is better than the later stage.
Join determining of carbon-containing mixed carbon comtent: the consumption of carbon is according to metallic element Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu in the stove dirt are restored the carbon amount that is consumed.Carbon content is weighed with carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O), and carbon-to-oxygen ratio is meant the ratio of carbon (C) amount and oxygen (O) amount in the above-mentioned reducible metal oxide of consumption, i.e. C/O.Because carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) is described be the carbon (C) that consumes with metal oxide in the mol ratio of oxygen (O), can reflect the atmosphere of reduction reaction more intuitively, mainly generate product and contingent reaction.As carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O)〉gas will be based on CO in the reduzate 1.0 the time, and the atmosphere of formation will be reducing atmosphere, follow the molten damage reaction of carbon simultaneously.
CO
2+C＝2CO (3)
CO in the reduzate when carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O)＜1.0
2To account for certain proportion, carbon-to-oxygen ratio
(C/O) more little CO
2Ratio is just high more, and reducing atmosphere just trends towards neutrality even oxidisability more, and the molten damage reaction odds of carbon is just very little, and the effective rate of utilization of carbon is just high.Carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) is less than 1.1, and the residual Zn content of pelletizing has surpassed 2.0% after the roasting, and degree of metalization obviously descends simultaneously; Carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) is greater than after 1.3, and the Tfe content of pelletizing reduces after the roasting, and carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) is big more simultaneously, and coke consumption is many more, the economic benefit variation, and therefore, the reasonable carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) that realizes joining the direct reducing roasting of carbon-containing is 1.1～1.3.
Determining of reduction temperature: because reduction reaction is thermo-negative reaction, the high more reaction of the temperature of reduction reaction is rapid more, the same terms reduction ratio is just high more, and therefore the increase reduction back full iron of pelletizing (TFe), metallic iron (MFe) content and the degree of metalization along with reduction temperature also increases.But when temperature during greater than 1150 ℃, the pelletizing after the reduction begins bonding to occur, because pelletizing bonds, slows down or has stoped further carrying out of reduction reaction, causes after temperature is greater than 1200 ℃ along with the rising reduction effect of temperature variation on the contrary.When temperature during less than 1050 ℃, reduction reaction is obviously slack-off, and the pelletizing after the reduction just reduces as can be seen and carries out very insufficiently, and raw material does not also have complete reaction.From thermomechanical analysis as can be known, it is 952 ℃ that ZnO begins the reductive temperature, as it is less to be lower than the superheating temperature of 1050 ℃ of formation, and from the dynamic conditions analysis, reaction is carried out very slowly, can not complete reaction.Therefore, the temperature range with reduction roasting method processing dust with zinc of electric furnace is 1050 ℃～1200 ℃.
The type of furnace of the electric furnace dust carbonaceous pelletizing being carried out reducing roasting has two kinds: annular rotary hearth furnace and Continuous car type furnace.Rotary hearth furnace and Continuous car type furnace compare, and its advantage is:
(1) the rotary hearth furnace operation has only a furnace bottom drive unit continuous operation.The furnace bottom rotating mechanism of rotary hearth furnace is stable, reliable.And the chassis works more complicated of Continuous car type furnace.During chassis of each turnover, need go-cart, descend, return, rise four and move, promptly need four drive units to take turns to operate.
(2) water sealed tank of rotary hearth furnace is an annular, is fit to use water seal.Water seal is simple, convenient, reliable.And Continuous car type furnace can't be used water seal, can only use sand seal.
(3) furnace bottom of Continuous car type furnace is divided into several chassis, unavoidably has the slit between the chassis, and high-temperature furnace gas may be scurried under the chassis from the slit.And there is not this problem in rotary hearth furnace because of the furnace bottom resistance to air loss is good.
(4) rotary hearth furnace is because the heating and the temperature-fall period of no chassis, so thermal efficiency ratio Continuous car type furnace height, and therefore, the energy consumption of rotary hearth furnace is lower than Continuous car type furnace.
(5) rotary hearth furnace is fit to quick roasting, and Continuous car type furnace is not suitable for quick roasting.
(6) the automatic and mechanical degree of rotary hearth furnace is higher, and charging all can be carried out automatically with discharging.
From the type of furnace, electric furnace dust carbonaceous pelletizing reduction roaster is similar to typical two sections ring-type furnaces.According to thermomechanical analysis, it is about 950 ℃ that ZnO is begun temperature by the C reductive.Therefore two sections boundary is divided with the temperature of material, temperature less than 950 ℃ be low-temperature zone, purpose is that the partial oxidation iron of preheating pelletizing, the crystal water of getting rid of pelletizing, pelletizing reduces.Temperature greater than 950 ℃ be high temperature section, realize the reduction volatilization of Zn at this section.High temperature section and low-temperature zone are discharged fume respectively, and low-temperature zone is taked the countercurrent smoke-discharging mode, and high temperature section is also taked the countercurrent smoke-discharging mode, and the funnel temperature of high temperature section should be higher than 1000 ℃, to guarantee the volatilization of Zn steam.
When the rotary hearth furnace furnace bottom carries out the transition to preheating section by the pyritous firing section, because its accumulative heat only loses a seldom part, so its temperature is higher than the temperature of preheating section burner hearth.When stove tail temperature is 750～800 ℃, about 950～1000 ℃ of the temperature of furnace bottom upper strata bricking, in the certain hour after charging, pelletizing feed there is bigger heat effect, shortened heat-up time greatly, experimental study shows: from being fed to the material temperature is 900 ℃, needs the time of 13～14min approximately, accounts for about 1/5 of whole heat-up time.
Contain zinc flue gas oxidation cooling and reclaim zinc oxide: ZnO is reduced to Metal Zn in rotary hearth furnace.And the boiling point of Zn is 933 ℃, and therefore the Zn that restores is a gaseous state.Way with air inducing is introduced oxidizing chamber with the Zn steam.Because the negative pressure that air inducing causes, natural suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber generate the ZnO steam.The ZnO steam is introduced into cooling room, reduces to below 500 ℃ when temperature, and ZnO is condensed into solid-state.The resulting ZnO of this CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method is a powder.ZnO is introduced into dust chamber, obtains product.
Embodiment one
The flow process of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the method that the direct reduction roasting method of carbon-containing is handled dust with zinc of electric furnace is joined in a kind of employing, carries out according to the following steps:
1. the dust with zinc of electric furnace in the feed bin 1 is mixed balling-up with coke in the batch bin 2 in mixer 3, the globule size of coke is 40 orders, and the balling-up time is 25min, and the carbon content C/O of carbonaceous pelletizing is 1.1.Dust with zinc of electric furnace is made the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 that the pelletizing diameter is 12mm.Will carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introduce in the dryers 5 and carry out drying, the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introducing rotary hearth furnaces 6 with drying after good it.
2. carbonaceous pelletizing 4 bed thickness are 30mm in the rotary hearth furnace 6, in rotary hearth furnace 6, dried carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is carried out the high temperature reduction roasting under 1100 ℃ temperature, be 60min heat-up time, ZnO in the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is reduced into Zn, because temperature is higher than the boiling point (933 ℃) of Zn in the stove, the Zn that restores exists with the Zn steam.
3. the Zn steam that ZnO in the rotary hearth furnace 6 is reduced into is introduced oxidizing chamber 9 with the way of air inducing, because the negative pressure that air inducing causes, natural suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber 9 generate the ZnO steam.
4. the ZnO steam is introduced cooling room 10, reduce to below 500 ℃ when temperature, ZnO is condensed into solid-state.
5. ZnO powder is introduced dust chamber 11, obtained ZnO powder, tail gas is then discharged from chimney 12.
6. the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 after will handling through rotary hearth furnace 6 is introduced cooler 7 and is cooled off, and obtains semi metallized pellet 8.
Embodiment two
The flow process of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the method that the direct reduction roasting method of carbon-containing is handled dust with zinc of electric furnace is joined in a kind of employing, carries out according to the following steps:
1. the dust with zinc of electric furnace in the feed bin 1 is mixed balling-up with coke in the batch bin 2 in mixer 3, the globule size of coke is 60 orders, and the balling-up time is 30min, and the carbon content C/O of carbonaceous pelletizing is 1.2.Dust with zinc of electric furnace is made the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 that the pelletizing diameter is 13mm.Will carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introduce in the dryers 5 and carry out drying, the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introducing rotary hearth furnaces 6 with drying after good it.
2. carbonaceous pelletizing 4 bed thickness are 40mm in the rotary hearth furnace 6, in rotary hearth furnace 6, dried carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is carried out the high temperature reduction roasting under 1150 ℃ temperature, be 80min heat-up time, ZnO in the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is reduced into Zn, because temperature is higher than the boiling point (933 ℃) of Zn in the stove, the Zn that restores exists with the Zn steam.
3. the Zn steam that ZnO in the rotary hearth furnace 6 is reduced into is introduced oxidizing chamber 9 with the way of air inducing, because the negative pressure that air inducing causes, natural suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber 9 generate the ZnO steam.
4. the ZnO steam is introduced cooling room 10, reduce to below 500 ℃ when temperature, ZnO is condensed into solid-state.
5. ZnO powder is introduced dust chamber 11, obtained ZnO powder, tail gas is then discharged from chimney 12.
6. the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 after will handling through rotary hearth furnace 6 is introduced cooler 7 and is cooled off, and obtains semi metallized pellet 8.
Embodiment three
The flow process of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the method that the direct reduction roasting method of carbon-containing is handled dust with zinc of electric furnace is joined in a kind of employing, carries out according to the following steps:
1. the dust with zinc of electric furnace in the feed bin 1 is mixed balling-up with coke in the batch bin 2 in mixer 3, the globule size of coke is 100 orders, and the balling-up time is 35min, and the carbon content C/O of carbonaceous pelletizing is 1.3.Dust with zinc of electric furnace is made the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 that the pelletizing diameter is 15mm.Will carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introduce in the dryers 5 and carry out drying, the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 introducing rotary hearth furnaces 6 with drying after good it.
2. carbonaceous pelletizing 4 bed thickness are 50mm in the rotary hearth furnace 6, in rotary hearth furnace 6, dried carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is carried out the high temperature reduction roasting under 1200 ℃ temperature, be 60min heat-up time, ZnO in the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 is reduced into Zn, because temperature is higher than the boiling point (933 ℃) of Zn in the stove, the Zn that restores exists with the Zn steam.
3. the Zn steam that ZnO in the rotary hearth furnace 6 is reduced into is introduced oxidizing chamber 9 with the way of air inducing, because the negative pressure that air inducing causes, natural suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber 9 generate the ZnO steam.
4. the ZnO steam is introduced cooling room 10, reduce to below 500 ℃ when temperature, ZnO is condensed into solid-state.
5. ZnO powder is introduced dust chamber 11, obtained ZnO powder, tail gas is then discharged from chimney 12.
6. the carbonaceous pelletizing 4 after will handling through rotary hearth furnace 6 is introduced cooler 7 and is cooled off, and obtains semi metallized pellet 8.
For determining the content of each compositions such as ZnO in the dust chamber collection powder, with chemical analysis method each composition that three embodiment collect powder has been carried out total analysis, the result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 dust chamber is collected the composition/% in the powder
| Sequence number | TFe | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Al 2O 3 | K 2O | Na 2O | Zn | Pb | ZnO |
| Embodiment one | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.38 | <0.10 | 0.24 | 2.57 | 1.54 | 73.70 | 1.71 | 91.84 |
| Embodiment two | <0.10 | 0.12 | 0.34 | <0.10 | 0.24 | 4.02 | 2.45 | 71.54 | 1.43 | 89.14 |
| Embodiment three | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.35 | <0.10 | 0.24 | 3.52 | 2.56 | 72.35 | 1.45 | 90.23 |
By table 1 as seen, the w (ZnO) that collects powder is about 90%, reached the standard of 2 grades of zinc oxide of GB regulation, illustrate to use and join the direct reduction roasting method processing of carbon-containing electric furnace dust, not only can obtain semi metallized pellet, solve environmental problem, realize the comprehensive utilization of resource, but also can obtain the oxide powder and zinc of higher degree.
The residual Zn content of carbonaceous pelletizing is as shown in table 2 after three embodiment reducing roastings:
The residual Zn content of pelletizing after table 2 reducing roasting
By table 2 as seen, material temperature is at 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, and carbon-to-oxygen ratio C/O is 1.1～1.3, and the residual Zn content that can guarantee pelletizing after the roasting is below 2%, and the reduction volatilization rate of Zn can reach more than 90% in the raw material.
Whether satisfy the blast-furnace smelting needs for investigating the semi metallized pellet intensity that obtains through the carbonaceous pelletizing cooling after the rotary hearth furnace processing, the semi metallized pellet of three embodiment done intensity, TFe content and degree of metalization test, the results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3 semi metallized pellet intensity
| Sequence number | Embodiment one | Embodiment two | Embodiment three |
| Pellet strength/kN | 6 | 4 | 7 |
| Pelletizing TFe content/% | 54.4 | 51.2 | 47.4 |
| Pelletizing degree of metalization/% | 40.07 | 53.80 | 66.15 |
As can be seen from Table 3, not only all iron content and degree of metalization are very high to handle the back semi metallized pellet, and intensity is fabulous, and single ball intensity is up to 7kN, far surpasses the 2kN that blast furnace requires.
The present invention can also have other embodiment, and the technical scheme that equal replacement of all employings or equivalent transformation form all drops within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace adopts and joins the direct reduction roasting method of carbon-containing and handle, and may further comprise the steps:
1. to dust with zinc of electric furnace join carbon, make ball, drying, make carbonaceous pelletizing;
2. the carbonaceous pelletizing after will drying is packed in the rotary hearth furnace, carries out the high temperature reduction roasting under 1100 ℃～1200 ℃ temperature, and be 60min～90min heat-up time;
3. the Zn steam that ZnO in the rotary hearth furnace is reduced into is introduced oxidizing chamber, and suction air and Zn steam generation oxidizing reaction in oxidizing chamber generate the ZnO steam;
4. the ZnO steam is introduced cooling room, it is cooled to ZnO powder;
5. ZnO powder is introduced dust chamber, obtain ZnO powder;
6. the carbonaceous pelletizing after will handling through rotary hearth furnace is introduced cooler and is cooled off, and obtains semi metallized pellet;
It is characterized in that: described step 3. in, the oxidizing chamber temperature is 1100 ℃～1250 ℃.
2. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 1. in, the mixed carbon raw material of carbonaceous pelletizing is a coke, the globule size of coke is 40～100 orders.
3. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 1. in, the C/0 of carbonaceous pelletizing is 1.1～1.3, described C/O is a mol ratio.
4. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 1. in, the pelletizing diameter of carbonaceous pelletizing is 12mm～15mm.
5. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 1. in, the balling-up time of carbonaceous pelletizing is 25～35min.
6. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 2. in, rotary hearth furnace pelletizing feed layer thickness is 30mm～50mm.
7. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 3. in, with the way of air inducing the Zn steam is introduced oxidizing chamber.
8. the treatment process of dust with zinc of electric furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 4. in, the cooling room temperature is less than 500 ℃.
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| CNB200710024770XA CN100469907C (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2007-06-28 | Method for processing dust with zinc of electric furnace |
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| CN100469907C true CN100469907C (en) | 2009-03-18 |
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| CNB200710024770XA Expired - Fee Related CN100469907C (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2007-06-28 | Method for processing dust with zinc of electric furnace |
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| CN115305353B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-23 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Iron-zinc solid waste recycling treatment process |
| CN118517901B (en) * | 2024-07-23 | 2024-09-20 | 阳泉市三禾氧化锌有限责任公司 | Oxygen injection mechanism and zinc oxide calciner |
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| US5013532A (en) * | 1988-12-15 | 1991-05-07 | Iit Research Institute | Method for recycling electric arc furnace dust |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5013532A (en) * | 1988-12-15 | 1991-05-07 | Iit Research Institute | Method for recycling electric arc furnace dust |
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