CN100466706C - 可调整对比度的投影装置 - Google Patents

可调整对比度的投影装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100466706C
CN100466706C CNB2005101171535A CN200510117153A CN100466706C CN 100466706 C CN100466706 C CN 100466706C CN B2005101171535 A CNB2005101171535 A CN B2005101171535A CN 200510117153 A CN200510117153 A CN 200510117153A CN 100466706 C CN100466706 C CN 100466706C
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Prior art keywords
light
changing device
projection arrangement
attitude
light beam
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005101171535A
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CN1893599A (zh
Inventor
林昇蔚
吴国栋
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Delta Electronics Inc
Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Abstract

一种可调整对比度的投影装置，包括：本体、光源、光照机、镜头装置及调变装置。光源设置于本体内，用以产生光束。光照机连接光源与镜头装置，以引导该光源的光束投射至该镜头装置。光照机包括：数字微镜装置(DMD)，其依所需的信号由该控制装置控制，进行特定角度的旋转，而将光源传来的光束投射为亮态(on state)光束、平态(flat state)光束或暗态(off state)光束。该调变装置，设于镜头装置的外侧，可调整式地遮蔽进入该光线入口端的至少部分平态光束，以提高投射出镜头装置光线的对比度。

Description

可调整对比度的投影装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种投影装置，特别涉及一种可调整对比度的非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric architecture)的投影机。
背景技术
投影机目前已为办公室、家庭及会议室等地普遍使用的图象设备。目前常用投影机主要可分成液晶式(LCD)及数字式光处理投影机(DLP)两种。DLP投影机具有两种架构，一种为平行光路(Telecentric)架构，另一种为非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric)。由于DLP的图象表现远胜过LCD，故渐渐取代LCD投影机而成为主流的投影设备。
DLP之所以有超然的图象表现，主要在于其内置的数字微镜装置(Digital Micromirror Device，DMD)所发挥的卓越图象投射效果。图1即显示有关数字微镜装置(事实上是其中复数微镜单元10)的转动与光学元件关系的示意图。投影机大致包括光源14、镜头16、数字微镜装置(DMD)10及积分器(Integrator)18。每一个数字微镜单元10对应投影机200的每一个象素(Pixel)设置。当光源14射出光线后，若数字微镜单元10接收亮态信号时，便转动至倾角(+θ)成为编号10a所指的状态时，此时光线射出镜头16，所对应的该象素呈亮态(On state)。而当数字微镜单元10接收暗态信号时，便转动至倾角(-θ)成为10b所指的状态时，光线将射入至积分器18，使所对应的该象素呈暗态(Off state)。一般而言，θ约为10～12度。然而当数字微镜单元10未转动或转动至0度时，其所对应的该象素呈平态(Flatstate)。平态一般而言为不稳态，常会有散射光(Scattering light)进入而造成整体画面的对比度(Contrast)下降。
投影机亮度与对比度本质上互相冲突的图象表现因子；亦即当画面亮度越高，对比度(Contrast)即下降，亮度(Brightness)越低对比度却会增加。对于传统DLP投影机而言，大多仅提供固定对比度及亮度，由于使用上的弹性不足，故造成投影机的功能及价值下降。
美国第US2005/0036216A1号公开案所披露平行光路架构(Telecentricarchitecture)的投影技术中，虽已提出在透镜限止区(projection lens stop)设有可旋转的图象文件板，通过可调整式的复数隔膜(diaphragm)所构成的中央可调整大小的孔洞，小量偏离于透镜主轴，依所需遮挡会干扰正常光线的散射光；惟该类似于光学镜头的可动光圈设计，所需的配合条件(例如:设构位置及复杂隔膜结构)皆相当严苛，且其以环状方式同时遮挡各区域的散射光，将极容易同时遮盖纯亮态光的主要提供亮度的区域，虽提高对比度，却大幅降低亮度，使整体成像表现质量下降。除此之外，由于在透镜群中设图象文件板的技术，其难度及精密度要求更高，故镜头成本及整体投影机的成本亦高，使产品较不具竞争力。
有鉴于此，提供一种在低制造复杂度及成本下，并可有效调整提高对比度、且亮度减损有限的设计，将成为此业界亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的，即提供一种图象对比度得有效调整，但亮度改变较不敏感的非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric architecture)投影设备；更特定而言，本发明通过设置于镜头装置外侧的光学上虚拟的出射瞳区(exitpupile)附近的调变装置，以可调整的方式移入出射瞳区，以部分或全部遮盖亮态及平态光的重叠区域，使图象对比度能有效提高、且亮度减损有限。
本发明的次要目的，即提供一种图象对比度得有效调整，但亮度改变较不敏感的非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric architecture)投影设备；通过其调变装置的设置位置是透镜装置的外侧，并不需配合复杂的透镜元件进行设计，故其制造复杂度及成本均极低廉，相对地增加产品的竞争力。
为达上述目的，该可调整对比度的投影装置，包含:本体，光源，设于该本体内，用以产生光束；镜头装置，包含光线入口端；光照机，设于该本体内，连接于该光源与该镜头装置之间，以引导该光源的光束投射至该镜头装置。该光照机包含:控制装置；数字微镜装置(DigitalMicromirror Device，DMD)，其依所需的信号由该控制装置控制，进行特定角度的旋转，而将该光源传来的光投射为亮态(on state)光、平态(flat state)光或暗态(offstate)光；其中该亮态光及部分该平态光，皆被引导由该光线入口端进入该镜头装置。投影装置另包含调变装置，设于该镜头装置的外侧，可调整式地遮蔽进入该光线入口端的至少部分平态光。
为让本发明的上述目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂，下文是一较佳实施例并配合附图的详细说明:
附图说明
图1为显示数字微镜装置(DMD)的旋转，其呈现亮态、平态及暗态与各光学元件关系的示意图；
图2A为显示非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric architecture)投影机的元件示意图；
图2B为显示数字微镜装置呈现亮态、平态及暗态的关系示意图；
图3A为显示调变装置与图2A投影机相对关系的主视示意图；
图3B为显示调变装置与图2A投影机相对关系的俯视示意图；
图4为显示调变装置与图2A投影机的相对转动关系；
图5A为显示本发明电子式调变装置中，马达控制单元及输入信号检测装置与信号间的连接示意图；及
图5B为显示图5A的逻辑控制流程示意图。
主要元件标记说明
10:数字微镜单元
14:光源
16:镜头
18:积分器
200:投影机
201:本体
203:光源
204:光照机
205:色轮
207:积分柱
208a、208b、214a、214c:光线
209:数字微镜装置
210:反射装置
211:镜头装置
212a、212b:主轴
213、313:调变装置
230、231:重叠区域
213a:凹弧形轮廓端
216:光线入口端
5:马达控制系统
51:输入信号检测装置
52:马达控制单元
53:马达
500:视频输入信号
501:信号检测单元输出信号
502:马达控制信号
X1:亮态
X2:平态
X3:暗态
A1:移动方向
B:光学上虚拟的出射瞳区(Exit Pupile)位置
C:转动方向
具体实施方式
图2A是非平行光路架构(Nontelecentric architecture)投影机的主要结构示意图。投影机200包括:本体201、光源203、光照机204、调变装置213及镜头装置211。较佳者，光照机204包括:色轮205(Color wheel)、反射装置210、积分柱207(Integrator rod)、数字微镜装置(DigitalMicromirror Device，DMD)209。
光源203，设于该本体201内，用以产生光束。镜头装置211则包含光线入口端216。光照机204亦设于该本体201内，连接于该光源203与该镜头装置211之间，以引导该光源203的光束投射至该镜头装置211。较佳者，光源203经过色轮205后产生不同颜色(例如红、绿、蓝三原色)的光线。通过色轮205后的光线经过积分柱207后成为均匀光，再通过反射装置210反射至数字微镜装置209。最后，数字微镜装置209再引导该反射光以入射至镜头装置211并射出镜头装置外而成像于屏幕上。若有两光线208a及214a通过反射片210入射至数字微镜装置209，两光线为不平行于主轴212a及212b，此即为不平行光路架构的投影机的特性。
同时参照图2A及图2B，该光照机204包含控制装置(图未示出)，其依所需的数字输入信号，控制该数字微镜装置209，进行特定角度(较佳者为以正负12度以内的角度θ)旋转，而将该光源传来的光束投射为亮态(on state)X1光、平态(flat state)X2光或暗态(off state)X3光；事实上，该数字微镜装置209包含对等于象素数量的复数微镜单元，当光线208a通过数字微镜单元改变方向成为光线208b而进入镜头211内时，此时的光束属落于亮态X1区域的光束。而当欲使对应象素不显示于屏幕时，数字微镜装置209中特定的微镜单元则被控制器(图未示出)驱动成特定的角度，使光线214a转为光线214c的方向而不进入镜头211内，此时的光束属落于暗态X3区域的光束。当数字微镜装置209中部分微镜单元旋转角度控制于当旋转角度θ为0度时，其所对应于镜头装置211呈现出平态(Flat state)X2区域。惟实际上，平态X2区域会分别与亮态X1区域及暗态X3区域呈现部分重叠区230及231。由于平态与暗态的重叠区域231原本即不需显示于镜头装置211内，因此对于整体画面的表现并不会产生干扰，但对于重叠区域230而言，由于该平态区域的光线也会进入镜头装置211内而带入的散射光线干扰纯亮态X1区域光线的对比表现；亦即，该亮态X1光束及部分该平态X2光束，皆被引导由该光线入口端216进入该镜头装置211，而使通过镜头装置211的亮态X1区域的光线，其整体对比度受到影响。
前述重叠区域230的面积若越大，造成所下降的对比度就越多，而当重叠区230的面积越小，造成对比度下降的程度就越少。本发明即是利用这样的关系，以调变装置213遮盖重叠区域230，以弥补前述对比度的减损，并可依重叠区域230的大小，对其对比度随心所欲的改良。当使用者觉得投影装置200投影画面显示对比度太低时，可调整调变装置213往A1方向移动，使调变装置213部分或全部遮住重叠区域230，以提高画面对比度，并控制亮度下降的程度。
如图5A所示，前述调变装置213，亦可以马达控制系统5所驱动，该马达控制系统5包含马达控制单元52以及马达53，该马达控制单元52可以是MicroChip公司所生产的型号为PIC 12C508的微控制器，该马达53则可以是台达电子工业股份有限公司所生产的型号为SA08S20N-001的步进马达，而该马达控制系统5连接至该投影机200的输入信号检测装置51，该输入信号检测装置51则可以是德州仪器公司所出产的型号为DDP2000的芯片，该输入信号检测装置51连接于该马达控制单元52及该投影装置的信号输入端之间。该投影机200则可因应检测到的不同视频输入信号500，控制调变装置213遮住重叠区域230的程度，以符所需。惟该马达控制单元52及输入信号检测装置51不限于以上述举例的型号产品，任何其它得以在尔后发挥同等功能的其它产品或自行依产品需求而设计的产品，皆可取而代之。
举例而言，当该投影机200接收偏向个人计算机(PC)的信号时，因其通常需要较高的亮度，而对比度的要求相对宽松，故传达信号501给马达控制系统5，由该马达控制系统5传达马达控制信号502来控制马达53带动可调整调变装置213往A1的反方向移动，使调变装置213仅小部分遮住重叠区域230。当该投影机200接收偏向家用或商用视频(Video)的信号时，因其通常需要较高的对比度，而亮度的要求相对宽松，故传达信号501给该马达控制系统5，使该马达控制系统5控制马达53带动可调整调变装置213往A1的方向移动，使调变装置213大部分或遮住重叠区域230。
前述马达控制系统对于可调整调变装置的控制逻辑，由图5B的流程图来说明，将更为清楚。当投影装置接收到所输入的视频来源(编号530)后，即由输入信号检测装置判断所输入的视频信号是否为个人计算机(PC)的信号(编号531)；若是，则以马达调整调变装置使其仅小部分遮住重叠区域(编号532)，以得到较高亮度的成像画面；若否，则以马达调整调变装置使其大部分地遮住重叠区域(编号532)，以得到较高对比度的成像画面。
因此，本发明的主要特征在于:该投影装置200另包含调变装置213，设于该镜头装置211的外侧，以可调整、或分阶段的电子或机械可调整方式，随使用者或由马达控制系统5因应投影机输入信号500的不同所控制，遮蔽进入该光线入口端216的至少部分平态X2光。更详细而言，该镜头装置211的光线入口端216附近，形成光学上虚拟的出射瞳区(Exit Pupile)B；该部分平态光束X2，实质上与该亮态光束X1的部分周边重叠，并形成重叠区域230；该重叠区域230实质上于该出射瞳区内。而再配合参照图3A，调变装置213以文件板的型式，并形成凹弧型轮廓端213a，使其适可大致符合该亮态光束X1与平态光束X2构成的重叠区域230，而不另外遮盖纯亮态X1光，而导致亮度急遽减损的不佳状况。
由于对比度及亮度为两种互相冲突的图象特性，因此当调变装置213往A1方向移动时，虽然可提高画面的对比度，但不免也因为遮住部分光线进入镜头装置211，而减少了整体图象的亮度。但若调变装置213移动进入镜头装置211使其遮盖光线的区域仅限于亮态X1与平态X2的重叠区域230范围内，则不但对比度可相对提高，亮度的减损亦相当有限。
当然，调变装置213，遮蔽进入该光线入口端216的至少部分平态光束X2的动作，可设计成如图2B或3A的移动方式，亦可如图4的调变装置313朝C1方向的转动方式进入该出射瞳区，以依所需遮蔽该重叠区域230，而达到提高对比度的目的。
调变装置213的设置，可依所需调整的方式(电子或机械式，采人为调整或机器自动调挍)，而将之完全设置于本体201内，或仅部分位于本体201内。
本发明所披露的可调整对比度的非平行光路架构投影机，仅需利用调变装置大致设置于出射瞳区的位置，以阻挡因平态光所带入的散射光线进入镜头内，便可达成提高对比度的效果，并使亮度的减损，控制在可接受的范围内。从而，使用者即可依照自己的喜好或习惯来调整亮度或对比度的大小。而对于制造厂商而言，由于本发明采用外加式的设计方式，故不需要特别改变原先镜头装置的相关制造工艺，即可达成相同或是更好的目的，制作或组装成本因此大幅降低，并同时增加产品竞争力。
综上所述，虽然本发明以一较佳实施例披露如上，然其并非用以限定本发明的实施方式，任何所属技术领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和权利要求所界定的内容及其等同技术范围下，当可作各种更动与改进。

Claims (13)

1.一种可调整对比度的非平行光路架构投影装置，包含:
本体；
光源，设于该本体内，用以产生光束；
镜头装置，包含光线入口端；
光照机，设于该本体内，连接于该光源与该镜头装置之间，以引导该光源的光束投射至该镜头装置，该光照机包含:
控制装置；
数字微镜装置，其依所需的信号由该控制装置控制，进行特定角度的旋转，而将该光源传来的光投射为亮态光、平态光或暗态光；其中该亮态光及部分该平态光，皆被引导由该光线入口端进入该镜头装置；
其特征是:
该亮态光及部分该平态光，皆以一不平行于该数字微镜装置的主轴，被引导由该光线入口端进入该镜头装置，且该投影装置另包含调变装置，设于该镜头装置的外侧并位于出射瞳区附近，可调整式地遮蔽进入该光线入口端的至少部分平态光。
2.根据权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征是该光照机另包含:
色轮，接收该光源的光束，并将该光束转化为不同颜色的光线；
积分柱，使由该色轮转化的光线均匀化；及
反射装置，反射该积分柱均匀的光线至该数字微镜装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的投影装置，其特征是该出射瞳区位于该镜头装置的光线入口端附近；该部分平态光束，实质上与该亮态光束的部分周边重叠，并形成重叠区域:该重叠区域实质上于该出射瞳区内。
4.根据权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置具有凹弧形轮廓端，符合该亮态光与平态光构成的重叠区域。
5.根据权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置是挡板。
6.根据权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置，以阶段、可调整式地遮蔽进入该光线入口端的至少部分平态光。
7.根据权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置是旋转式地调整以至少部分遮蔽该重叠区域。
8.根据权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置是移动式地调整以至少部分遮蔽该重叠区域。
9.根据权利要求7所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置是全部遮蔽该重叠区域。
10.根据权利要求8所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置是全部遮蔽该重叠区域。
11.根据权利要求7、8、9或10所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置，由机械控制。
12.根据权利要求7、8、9或10所述的投影装置，其特征是该调变装置，由电子控制。
13.根据权利要求12所述的投影装置，其特征是进一步包含信号输入端、信号输入检测装置及马达控制装置，其中该信号输入检测装置连接于该马达控制装置及该信号输入端之间。
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CN2679708Y (zh) * 2003-08-29 2005-02-16 明基电通股份有限公司 影像显示装置
CN1588226A (zh) * 2004-08-09 2005-03-02 扬明光学股份有限公司 投影装置与其中的可调式光圈

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CN2679708Y (zh) * 2003-08-29 2005-02-16 明基电通股份有限公司 影像显示装置
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