CN100465623C - 检测化学显色试剂和试验材料的化学显色传感器及其方法 - Google Patents

检测化学显色试剂和试验材料的化学显色传感器及其方法 Download PDF

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CN100465623C
CN100465623C CNB038015692A CN03801569A CN100465623C CN 100465623 C CN100465623 C CN 100465623C CN B038015692 A CNB038015692 A CN B038015692A CN 03801569 A CN03801569 A CN 03801569A CN 100465623 C CN100465623 C CN 100465623C
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CN1592850A (zh
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威廉·S.·伊拉族尼斯
德尔莫特·蒂阿芒德
保罗·H.·蒂尔兹
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

化学显色传感器包括多个双向LED，每个LED都与一个或多个测量区光学对齐。每个LED在由正向偏压驱动时用作发光二极管，在由反向偏压驱动时用作光检测器。通过交替改变施加到LED上的偏压，可实现对测量区的多路光测量。

Description

检测化学显色试剂和试验材料的化学显色传感器及其方法
技术领域
概括而言，本发明涉及一种化学显色传感器，具体涉及一种基于LED的化学显色传感器。
背景技术
在化学显色传感器中，要让试验材料与测量区内的化学显色试剂反应。利用催化剂促进可逆反应。该反应改变了试剂的光学性质，从而可利用光学传感器进行测量。
现有技术中的化学显色传感器一般利用单路光测量测量区。利用发光二极管(LED)发出光，通过光电晶体管检测，例如可参见Benson等人的“Low-cost fiber-optic chemochromic hydrogen gasdetector”(Proceedings 1999 U.S.DOE Hydrogen Program review，NREL/CP-570-26938，1999)。
由于现有技术利用单路光测量，因此必需用已知量的试验材料来校正传感器，而且还必需知道化学显色试剂的老化特性。因此，理想的是提供一种采用零位与差值测量法的化学显色传感器。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种基于LED的多路化学显色传感器。该传感器利用多个双向LED，每个LED都与一个或多个测量区光学对齐。每个LED在用正向偏压驱动时用作光发射器，在用反向偏压驱动时用作光检测器。通过交替改变施加到LED上的偏压，就能实现对测量区的多路光测量。
附图说明
图1是依照本发明的基于LED的多路化学显色传感器的方框图；
图2是依照本发明的双LED化学显色传感器的侧视图；以及
图3是依照本发明的三LED化学显色传感器的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1表示依照本发明的基于LED的多路化学显色传感器100。第一双向LED 110和第二双向LED 120分别通过电阻115和125与微处理器130的I/O插针对串联连接。LED上的偏压决定了LED是发光还是检测光。至于既可用作光发射器、又可用作传感器的发光二极管的详细描述可参见Dietz等人在2002年4月19日申请的美国专利申请10/126761“Communication Using Bi-Directional LEDs”，在此通过参考将其整个内容结合进来。
为了将LED用作传感器，首先要为反向偏置的LED的结电容充电。然后将该结点暴露在光下，使结点电压从逻辑-高电平降为逻辑-低电平。引起该电平下降所花费的时间量就是入射光量的测量值，在该申请中就是试验材料量。通过关闭发光LED就可测得要减掉的背景光量。
将测量区101暴露给化学显色试剂与试验材料的混合物102，其通常是组合的形式或者单种“化学显色材料”。将液态或气态形式的混合物以各种已知的形式加到测量区中。利用正向偏压驱动下的第一LED 110照射混合物102。利用反向偏压驱动下的第二LED120检测反射光121。利用执行操作和应用程序的微处理器130测量检测到的光量。微处理器还确定施加到LED上的偏压。通过反转偏压，利用LED 120发光，利用LED 110检测，由此提供了基于LED的多路化学显色传感器。通过测量这两个方向上的光量，并比较这两个测量值，就可实现零位与差值测量。
图2表示双LED化学显色传感器的布置200。这两个LED 110和120彼此成直角。LED通过透明的肘形光导210相连。将混合物施加到位于光导210拐角的测量区101上，在此处光211沿任一方向反射。
图3表示具有多个LED310和多个光导315-317的化学显色传感器300。为了校正目的，利用一些光导测量已知量的试验材料，同时利用其它光导测量未知量的试验材料。多光导提供了较高的准确度、较好的再现性，缩短了检测时间。例如，仅用光导315测量化学显色试剂311的老化特性，利用光导316测量已知量的试验材料321，利用光导317测量未知量的试验材料331。应当指出的是，可使用附加的传感器和光导。
尽管通过列举优选实施例的方式描述了本发明，但要理解的是，可在本发明的精神和范围内作出各种各样的其它适应性变化和改进。因此，所附请求保护范围的范围涵盖了落在本发明的精神和范围内的所有这些变化和改进。

Claims (6)

1.一种化学显色传感器，包括:
微处理器(130)，它包括第一对I/O插针和第二对I/O插针，以及用于测量跨接所述第一对I/O插针和第二对I/O插针的电压降的装置；
与所述第一对I/O插针相连的第一发光二极管(110)；
与所述第二对I/O插针相连的第二发光二极管(120)；
测量区(101)，它被构造成能容纳化学显色试剂和试验材料的混合物；以及
用于以正向偏压驱动所述第一发光二极管(110)以便向所述测量区(101)发光、同时以反向偏压驱动所述第二发光二极管(120)以便通过测量跨接所述第二对I/O插针的电压降来检测来自所述测量区(101)的光、从而测量第一光量以确定所述试验材料的数量的装置，
其中所述测量区(101)位于将所述第一和第二发光二极管光学耦合的光导(210)上，所述第一和第二发光二极管彼此成直角，所述光导(210)是肘形的，并且所述测量区(101)位于所述光导(210)的拐角处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器，它还包括:
用于以正向偏压驱动所述第二发光二极管(120)以便向所述测量区(101)发光、同时以反向偏压驱动所述第一发光二极管(110)以便通过测量跨接所述第一对I/O插针的电压降来检测来自所述测量区(101)的光、从而测量第二光量以确定所述试验材料的数量的装置；以及
用于比较所述第一和第二光量、从而获得所述对所述试验材料的数量的差值法测量的装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化学显色传感器，其中通过所述微处理器的计时器来测量所述电压降。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化学显色传感器，
其中微处理器包括多对I/O插针和用于测量跨接每对I/O插针的电压降的装置；
并且还包括:
多个发光二极管，其中一个发光二极管与一对I/O插针相连；
多个测量区，每个测量区都被构造成可容纳化学显色材料；以及
以正向偏压驱动一特定的发光二极管以便向选定的测量区发光、同时以反向偏压驱动其它发光二极管以便通过测量跨接该反向驱动的发光二极管的对应I/O插针对的电压降来检测由所述选定的测量区反射的光的装置，其中所述电压降对应于化学显色材料的量。
5.一种检测化学显色试剂和试验材料的方法，包括:
将第一发光二极管(110)和第二发光二极管(120)设置为彼此成直角；
通过肘形光导(210)将所述第一发光二极管(110)和所述第二发光二极管(120)光学耦合；
在所述肘形光导(210)的拐角处设置含有化学显色试剂和试验材料的混合物的测量区(101)；
以正向偏压驱动第一发光二极管(110)，以便向所述测量区(101)发光；以及
以反向偏压驱动第二发光二极管(120)，以便通过测量电压降来检测来自所述测量区(101)的光，以测量第一光量，从而确定所述试验材料的数量。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，还包括:
以正向偏压驱动所述第二发光二极管(120)，以便向所述含有化学显色试剂和试验材料的混合物的测量区(101)发光；以及
以反向偏压驱动所述第一发光二极管(110)，以便通过测量电压降来检测来自测量区(101)的光，以测量第二光量，从而确定所述试验材料的数量；以及
比较所述第一和第二光量，以便获得对所述试验材料的数量的差值法测量。
CNB038015692A 2002-09-20 2003-09-18 检测化学显色试剂和试验材料的化学显色传感器及其方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100465623C (zh)

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