CN100464208C - Single beam magneto-optic well system - Google Patents
Single beam magneto-optic well system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100464208C CN100464208C CNB2006101245590A CN200610124559A CN100464208C CN 100464208 C CN100464208 C CN 100464208C CN B2006101245590 A CNB2006101245590 A CN B2006101245590A CN 200610124559 A CN200610124559 A CN 200610124559A CN 100464208 C CN100464208 C CN 100464208C
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Abstract
The disclosed single-beam magnetic trap system comprises: four same full-refraction lens connected with the confinement laser beam/beam-splitting, a couple of inverse Helmholtz coils linked to a metal gas room, a semiconductor laser connected with the confinement laser beam, a one-fourth wave plate with one surface coated reflector, and a vacuum guide pipe connected with a vacuum pump and an ion pump. This invention is simple and smart, operates easily, and has well reliability and stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic light trap system, relate in particular to a kind of single beam magneto-optic well system, be applicable to that the fundamental characteristics that utilizes cold atom realizes measuring, calibration, and the many scientific domains that cold atom source itself just had demand, also be applicable to simultaneously the characteristic of utilizing cold atom, development about can commercialization and the product of industrialization, as the atomic clock of practicality etc.
Background technology
The magneto-optic trap also is the Zeeman displacement ligh trap.It is a kind of potential well of utilizing the scattering force of magnetic field and laser to combine.1987, Bell cooperated with MIT in the laboratory, had realized the magneto-optic trap of first imprison sodium atom.Its ultimate principle is: three pairs in opposite directions and to and between mutually perpendicular laser beam, be intersected in the center that the vacuum room that waits to imprison sample is housed.Every pair of laser beam is made up of the opposite circularly polarized light in polarization direction respectively.Air chamber has a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils outward, produces the size non-uniform magnetic-field relevant with coordinate position, and coordinate center, magnetic field are zero.Under the effect in magnetic field, the Zeeman splitting phenomenon will take place in the energy level that treating in the vacuum room imprisoned atom, and the energy level splitting degree is relevant with coordinate position.Laser frequency be tuned to a little less than the jump frequency of atom.According to selection rule and Doppler effect, imprison laser just can be imprisoned atom to treating in the vacuum room and produce linear restoring power on three-dimensional, thus the imprison that atom is obtained.Seoul National University department of physics had successfully realized utilizing a funnelform catoptron of pyramid to imprison atom in 1996.Soon they have realized utilizing a funnelform catoptron of circular conical surface to imprison atom with the Interdisciplinary GraduateSchool cooperation of Japan again.This dual mode is all the single beam mode.Tradition six bundle light imprison atoms are compared with single beam imprison atom, have complex structure, and device volume is big, and light path is difficult for shortcomings such as adjusting.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of single beam magneto-optic well system, and this system architecture is simple, and volume is little, and light path is easily regulated, and is practical, easy to operate, reliable and stable.
The present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of single beam magneto-optic well system, it comprises four identical total reflection prisms, a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils, semiconductor laser, the quarter-wave plate of single face plating reflectance coating, vacuum pipeline, the imprison laser beam splitter, it is characterized in that: vacuum pump links to each other with a vacuum pipeline, ionic pump links to each other with another vacuum pipeline, above-mentioned vacuum pipeline all links to each other with metal air chamber, four identical total reflection prisms place the middle position of metal air chamber, semiconductor laser output imprison laser beam, the imprison laser beam is divided into the imprison laser beam splitter through four identical total reflection prisms, a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils links to each other with metal air chamber, a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils is placed on the imprison laser beam direction of propagation, the quarter-wave plate of single face plating catoptron is placed on the below of the vertical direction of metal air chamber, be in the middle position of metal air chamber in the horizontal direction, allow the imprison laser beam splitter inject from the central vertical of the quarter-wave plate of single face plating catoptron.During beginning, when people realize first magneto-optic trap, be to utilize six bundle laser, so the adjusting in the adjusting of light path and magnetic field is just very inconvenient, and the device of whole magneto-optic trap is bigger, thus utilize the magneto-optic trap to come development and the scientific experiment of being correlated with just very inconvenient.Afterwards, people consider and utilize some axisymmetric catoptron (as: pyramids, the circular conical surface type), only utilize beam of laser just can realize the magneto-optic trap, this method is because of only needing beam of laser, therefore the light path adjusting is just very simple, and magnetic field center also is easy to and the light field center adjustment overlaps, and the device of whole magneto-optic trap is simplified greatly.But former axisymmetric catoptron is all realized at glass surface or metal surface plated film usually.And the entire emission mirror will be placed in the whole vacuum room, has been full of atom vapor to be imprisoned in the vacuum room, and the time one is long, and this steam can produce corrosion to reflectance coating, and makes the irregular of reflectance coating change, thereby influences the stable and quality of magneto-optic trap.
1, the present invention uses total reflection prism but not the catoptron of plated film comes reflection lasering beam, makes the vacuum of total system can be higher lastingly, thereby has improved the degree of stability of cold atom group.The principle of total reflection prism is to utilize light close during to optically thinner medium from light, the total reflection phenomenon this point can take place realize reflection of light, so total reflection prism does not just need plated film.Just avoided therefore waiting that thereby the corrosion of imprisoning the atom pair reflectance coating influences the stable of magneto-optic trap.
2, the unique design of wherein simultaneously plating reflectance coating of quarter-wave plate has reduced the optical interface on the light path, has simplified system.In the past, people normally allow light plate the quarter-wave plate of catoptron through a single face earlier, again through a mirror reflects, and the method that reflectance coating is plated in the bottom surface of plating the quarter-wave plate of catoptron at single face, just save a catoptron, simplified system, and reduced the optical interface on the light path, the adjusting of light path is become simply, also increased the stability of light path itself simultaneously.
3, vacuum room adopts metal air chamber.This compares with the glass air chamber, and whole magnetic light trap system anti-interference can increase.And when vacuumizing, air chamber is not easy to be damaged.Can increase the practicality of magneto-optic trap so greatly.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect: simple in structure, volume is little, and required laser instrument and optical element are few, and light path is easily regulated, and vacuum is kept and is easier to, and is practical, easy to operate, reliable and stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of single beam magneto-optic well system structural representation.
Wherein: 1a, 1b-total reflection prism, 2-imprison laser beam, 3a, 3b-anti-Helmholtz coils, 4-metal air chamber, / 4th slides of 5-single face plating catoptron, 6-semiconductor laser, 7-ionic pump, 8-vacuum pump, 9-sample bubble, 10a, 10b-vacuum pipeline, 11a, 11b, 12-imprison laser beam splitter, direction of current in 13a, the 13b-coil
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
1, vacuum pump (8) links to each other with a vacuum pipeline (10a).Vacuum pump (8) comprises molecular pump and mechanical pump, and connects the used corrugated tube of vacuum system.Ionic pump (7) links to each other with another vacuum pipeline (10b).Ionic pump (7) is small-sized sputter ion pump.Above-mentioned vacuum pipeline (10a) all links to each other with metal air chamber (4) with vacuum pipeline (10b), and the window that is connected is a window respect to one another.Vacuum pump (8), promptly molecular pump and mechanical pump are to play whole apparatus system is carried out the effect that vacuum is taken out in advance, after taking out in advance, just can turn off molecular pump and mechanical pump, open ionic pump (7), and the vacuum of whole apparatus system is maintained.
2, a described vacuum pipeline (10a) links to each other with sample bubble (9), and vacuum pipeline (10a) links to each other with metal air chamber (4).Sample bubble (9) is a glass vesicle, and sample to be imprisoned is housed in the vesicle, and as sample source, the sample in the sample bubble can enter into metal air chamber (4) at leisure in the mode of steam.
3, metal air chamber (4) is to realize with the standard cube chamber of six windows.Metal air chamber (4) has four windows in the horizontal direction as shown in Figure 1, one of them horizontal window links to each other with a vacuum pipeline (10a), one vacuum pipeline (10a) links to each other with sample bubble (9) with vacuum pump (8), window on another horizontal direction relative with this horizontal window links to each other with another vacuum pipeline (10b), and vacuum pipeline (10b) links to each other with ionic pump (7).Metal air chamber (4) in the vertical direction has two windows, one of top, one of below, they respectively with anti-Helmholtz coils (3a, 3b) link to each other, wherein Shang Fang window links to each other with anti-Helmholtz coils (3a), and the window of below links to each other with anti-Helmholtz coils (3b).The window of top also links to each other with imprison laser (2).Metal air chamber (4) has four windows in the horizontal direction, one of them horizontal window links to each other with a vacuum pipeline (10a), window on another horizontal direction relative with this horizontal window links to each other with another vacuum pipeline (10b), window on the remaining a pair of horizontal direction is as detection window, be used for surveying cold atom group, also can be used to add detecting light beam, the character of cold atom group is carried out correlation detection.Four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b) require two right-angle sides of every total reflection prism to be in respectively on level and the vertical direction, and the right angle face of the horizontal direction of these four total reflection prisms is in same plane, and is even distribution on this surface level.Four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b) place the middle position of metal air chamber (4), when imprison laser beam (2) when the window of metal air chamber (4) is injected, through four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b), be divided into imprison laser beam splitter (11a, 11b, 12), this just provides indispensable laser beam for the realization of magneto-optic trap.
4, (3a's a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils 3b) links to each other with metal air chamber (4), and (3a 3b) is placed on the window of imprison laser beam (2) direction of propagation a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils.It is to use the enameled wire coiling, is installed on the pair of light-transmissive window face of metal air chamber (4), passes to equal and opposite in direction, electric current that direction is opposite.Select suitable ampere-turn ratio, make coil near the center of metal air chamber (4) along coil axes to the magnetic field gradient that produces about 15Gauss/cm.
5, semiconductor laser (6) output imprison laser beam (2).Semiconductor laser (6) is represented two laser instruments: a power is bigger, generally select the DL100 type laser instrument or the suitable laser instrument of other performances of TOPTICA company for use, the output laser power is more than 60mW, wavelength tuning is at 780.24nm, linear polarization is used to provide cooling of atoms, forms the imprison light of magneto-optic trap; A power is less, generally selects the DL100 type laser instrument or the suitable laser instrument of other performances of TOPTICA company for use, and output power is more than 10mw, and wavelength tuning is at 780.24nm, and linear polarization is used to provide pump light source again.
6, after imprison laser beam (2) produced from semiconductor laser (6), the imprison laser beam (2) that conductor laser (6) comes out was kind of a linearly polarized photon, and the quarter-wave plate that plates catoptron through single face becomes circularly polarized light.Pass through the beam-expanding collimation of lens combination again, the diameter of light beam is reached about about 35mm, along the center of the top window on metal air chamber (4) vertical direction, vertically be injected in the metal air chamber (4) then.
7, the suitable light wavelength of quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating catoptron is 780nm, and shady face is coated with reflectance coating.Imprison laser beam splitter (12) direction of propagation is plated the center of the quarter-wave plate (5) of catoptron and is injected perpendicular to the quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating catoptron from single face.Quarter-wave plate (5) role of single face plating catoptron allows imprison laser beam splitter (12) reach required circular polarization exactly, and reflection imprison laser beam splitter (12).The quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating catoptron is placed on the below with the vertical direction of metal air chamber (4), is the middle position that is in metal air chamber (4) in the horizontal direction, and the sensitive surface of wave plate is in horizontal direction, and up.The shady face of wave plate is in horizontal direction, and down.
8, after each assembled of total system is good, after vacuum pump (8) is taken out in advance to metal air chamber (4), turn off vacuum pump (8), open ionic pump (7), (3a passes to suitable current in 3b), opens semiconductor laser (6) at a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils, adjust relative position between light path and the magnetic field, just can form more stable magneto-optic trap.Wherein (13a 13b) represents two senses of current in the coil respectively to arrow;
Above technical scheme can realize a kind of simple in structure, degree of stability is high, the magneto-optic trap of miniaturization, have broad application prospects.
Claims (2)
1. single beam magneto-optic well system, it comprises four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b), a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils (3a, 3b), semiconductor laser (6), the quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating reflectance coating, vacuum pipeline (10a, 10b), imprison laser beam splitter (11a, 11b, 12), it is characterized in that: vacuum pump (8) links to each other with a vacuum pipeline (10a), ionic pump (7) links to each other with another vacuum pipeline (10b), above-mentioned vacuum pipeline (10a, 10b) all link to each other with metal air chamber (4), four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b) place the middle position of metal air chamber (4), semiconductor laser (6) output imprison laser beam (2), imprison laser beam (2) is through four identical total reflection prism (1a, 1b) be divided into imprison laser beam splitter (11a, 11b, 12), a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils (3a, 3b) link to each other with metal air chamber (4), a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils (3a, 3b) be placed on imprison laser beam (2) direction of propagation, the quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating catoptron is placed on the below of the vertical direction of metal air chamber (4), be in the middle position of metal air chamber (4) in the horizontal direction, allow imprison laser beam splitter (12) inject from the central vertical of the quarter-wave plate (5) of single face plating catoptron.
2. a kind of single beam magneto-optic well system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a described vacuum pipeline (10a), vacuum pump (8) and sample bubble (9) link to each other.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101245590A CN100464208C (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2006-09-19 | Single beam magneto-optic well system |
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| CNB2006101245590A CN100464208C (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2006-09-19 | Single beam magneto-optic well system |
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| CN100464208C true CN100464208C (en) | 2009-02-25 |
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| CNB2006101245590A Expired - Fee Related CN100464208C (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2006-09-19 | Single beam magneto-optic well system |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101657062B (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2012-02-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Folding double-beam magneto-optical trap system |
| CN106308796A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆师范大学 | Magnetic induction imaging device based on laser atomic magnetometer |
| CN106644067B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-03 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Light trapping fixing device |
| US11467330B1 (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2022-10-11 | Government Of The United States As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | One beam mirror magneto-optical trap chamber |
| CN114895544B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2024-03-22 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Ultra-compact optical lattice Zhong Zhenkong physical device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5338930A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1994-08-16 | Research Corporation Technologies | Frequency standard using an atomic fountain of optically trapped atoms |
| CN1805650A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-19 | 清华大学 | Atomic beam generating method and device for atomic chip |
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2006
- 2006-09-19 CN CNB2006101245590A patent/CN100464208C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5338930A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1994-08-16 | Research Corporation Technologies | Frequency standard using an atomic fountain of optically trapped atoms |
| CN1805650A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-19 | 清华大学 | Atomic beam generating method and device for atomic chip |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| A pyramidal magneto-optical trap as a source of slow atoms. J.J.Arlt,et al.OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS,Vol.157 . 1998 * |
| Rb原子磁光阱中囚禁原子数目与实验参数的依赖关系. 江开军，李可，王谨，詹明生.物理学报，第55卷第1期. 2006 * |
| 冷原子束或超冷原子束的产生及其应用. 邓联忠，印建平.量子电子学报，第22卷第1期. 2005 * |
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