A kind of pipe-line system that collects the method for storage and delivering rainwater and adopt this method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rainwater collection and utilize technology, be specifically related to a kind of method that collects storage and delivering rainwater, and the pipe-line system of this method of employing.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern science and technology and society, population and industry are concentrated to the city day by day, and the construction of hardened ground facilities such as different kinds of roads, square, building is more and more, and scale of urbanization is also more and more faster.Along with the change of this situation, to have caused the change of a lot of environment aspect.Wherein, originally be penetrated into underground natural precipitation by surface soil, it mainly is rainwater, can't directly be penetrated into underground now again, discharge by the municipal pipeline system with sewage but be converted into surface runoff, underground water can't obtain covering again, causes some cities groundwater table to occur and acutely descends, even cause surface collapse.And along with population and industrial concentrating, the city is faced with the pressure of water scarcity in various degree again.The rainwater comprehensive utilization technique of hardened ground, particularly city just arises at the historic moment.The rainwater that this paper is alleged is meant the various natural precipitations that comprise rainwater, snowmelt etc.
Germany had just put into effect rainwater utilization facility standard (DIN1989) in 1989, to design, construction and the operational management of dwelling house, commercial and industrial field rainwater utilization facility; Filter; Store; Standard has been formulated in four aspects of control and monitoring." second generation " rainwater utilization technology appearred by 92 years.Pass through the development and perfection in nearly ten years again, to " third generation " rainwater utilization technology of today, new standard also just under examination and approval.But because factors such as weathers, the technology and the standard of Germany can not directly be suitable for and China.Especially De Guo rainwater utilization technology and equipment are comparatively complicated, and manufacturing, installation, use cost are all higher, large tracts of land is popularized this technology form big resistance.Germany technology also reckons without the rainwater utilization to hardened grounds along the line such as roads in addition, and this technology can extend to the rural area of some lacks of water.
Present rainwater catchment system engineering mainly concentrates on the city, the utilization of urban rainwater be not narrow sense utilize rainwater resource and using water wisely, it also comprises slows down city rainwater flood and phreatic decline, control rainfall runoff pollute, improve wide significances such as urban ecological environment.The technology of using can be divided into following several big class at present: the rainwater catchment system grey water system that disperses dwelling house; Architectural complex or cell set Chinese style rainwater catchment system grey water system; Distributing rain penetration system; Centralized rain penetration system; Roof garden rainwater utilization system; Ecodistrict rainwater utilization systems (roof garden, Zhong Shui, infiltration, water scenery) etc. all have more engineering to use in Germany.But all do not consider to be applied to the sclerosis Traffic Net system that interweaves in length and breadth inside and outside the city; At the bottom of calendar year 2001, the standard highway that the road surface that China has now built up is covered with pitch, cement has reached 1,340,000 kilometers, more will reach 2,300,000 kilometers in 2010.Harvest system if these highways are all set up rainwater, but then the rainwater total amount of collection storage utilization can be equal to over thousands of seat reservoir.
Comparatively typical rainwater collection storage utilization technology comprises in the prior art:
Rain water on roof collection storage utilization system: the rainwater collection storage utilization system that utilizes the roof to do collection rain face is mainly used in the undrinkable water of aspects such as family, public and industry, as water, flush the toilet, grey water systems such as laundry, cool cycles.Can produce the saving drinking water, alleviate the load of urban sewerage and drainage and treatment system, multiple benefit such as reduce pollutant discharge amount and improve the ecological environment.This system can be divided into single building distributed system and architectural complex integrated system again.Form by several parts such as rainwater pooling zone, water delivery piping, section dirty device, storage, purification and water distributions.Sometimes also establish the infiltration facility and link to each other, make part overflowing rain water infiltration above storage volume with the storage cistern bleed off pipe.
2, garden rainwater collection storage utilization system: in newly-built biotope, park or similar ambient conditions garden, city preferably, the rainfall runoff on roofing, greenery patches and road surface is collected and is utilized in can the district, reaches more remarkable reduction urban storm run-off and non-point pollution thing discharge value, optimizes the sub-district water system, reduces waterlogging and improves effect such as environment.Because of this system is bigger, involvement aspect is wideer, need handle early-stage rainwater well and cut link and various relations such as dirt, purification, greenery patches and road elevation, indoor and outdoor rainwater collection exhaust system.
Adopt various rain penetration facilities, it is underground to allow rainwater recharge, and replenishes the self-restraint groundwater resources, is a kind of indirect rainwater utilization technology.Alleviate multiple benefits such as pouring in down a chimney of surface settlement, minimizing waterlogging and seawater in addition.The rain penetration technology of prior art can be divided into disperses infiltration technology and concentrated recharging technique two big classes: centralized infiltration and distributing infiltration.Concentrate the infiltration facility to generally comprise infiltration well, osmos tube, infiltration ditch and osmotic cell (hole) etc.The distributing infiltration comprises pervious surface infiltration and greenery patches infiltration etc.
The distributing infiltration can be applicable under the various situations such as city, biotope, park, road and plant area, scale is suited measures to local conditions, facility is simple, can alleviate pressure to rainwater collection, induction system, replenish underground water, the purification function that can also make full use of top layer vegetation and soil reduces the pollutant that runoff zones is gone into water body.But general infiltration rate is slower, and uses under conditions such as groundwater table height, soil permeability ability or rainwater severe water pollution and be restricted.Centralized deep well reinjection capacity is big, can directly recharge rainwater to underground deep layer, but underground water level, rainwater water quality are had higher requirement, especially should be prudent to the city of making the drinking water source of underground water.
The osmos tube of prior art or infiltration ditch, be to make rainwater by being embedded in underground porous tubing to soil horizon infiltration all around, its major advantage is that floor space is few, fills rubble or other porous materials of particle diameter 20~30mm around the tubing, has and transfers energy storage power preferably.In case shortcoming is to take place to stop up or penetrating power decline, is difficult to clean and recovers.And, rainwater water quality is had requirement owing to can not utilize the purification function of topsoil, and should take suitable preliminary treatment, do not contain suspended solid.In the city of land used anxiety, the renovation and utilization, rainwater water quality that there are the good soil layer of water permeability, an old draining piping in the very poor and lower floor of topsoil permeability better, more suitable under the condition such as tang.The transmission coefficient of general requirements soil will have certain thickness protection soil layer obviously greater than 10-6m/s apart from groundwater table.
The infiltration closed conduit of existing ground open type infiltration ditch or plate with cover can remedy the shortcoming that underground osmos tube inconvenience is managed, and also reduces and digs dark and earth volume.Sewer can adopt porous material to make or make the band plant shallow ridges of nature, and water permeability macadam is preferably laid in the bottom.Be particularly suitable for around road, square or building, being provided with, but floor space is bigger.
The infiltration well of prior art comprises deep-well and shallow well two classes, and the former is suitable for the water yield and concentrates greatly, and the situation that water quality is good is as the flood discharge utilization of city reservoir.The latter generally should be adopted in the city.Its form class is similar to common manhole, but that the borehole wall is made is permeable, in the shaft bottom with lay the rubble of Φ 10~30mm all around, rainwater by the borehole wall, shaft bottom to around infiltration.The major advantage of infiltration well is that the floor space and the required underground space are little; Be convenient to concentrated controling management.Shortcoming is that detergent power is low, and the water quality requirement height can not contain too much suspended solid, needs preliminary treatment.Be applicable to crowded city or ground and undergroundly utilize that the space is little, topsoil poor permeability and occasions such as lower soil good penetrability.
By above-mentioned situation as can be known, prior art is to the facility or the equipment of collection, purification, storage, permeating method and the employing thereof of rainwater, all there are many unreasonable parts, and its manufacturing, construction, installation, use, maintenance cost are all higher, are unfavorable for that rainwater is collected and the popularizing of comprehensive utilization technique.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is, collects and utilize the deficiency of technology at existing rainwater, and a kind of to each piping unit by being interconnected of the rainwater on the hardened ground, the simple and easy to do collection storage and the method for delivering rainwater are provided;
The present invention also aims to, a kind of pipe-line system that adopts said method is provided.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of method that collects storage and delivering rainwater is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1), laterally lay rainwater at the low level of hardened ground and collect the conveyance conduit unit, rainwater is flowed in this unit pipe naturally, and is collected;
2), described rainwater collect the conveyance conduit unit below uprightly bury coupled logical rainwater storage piping unit underground to interval;
3), early-stage rainwater flows into naturally in the unit, storage tube road through described collection conveyance conduit unit, and is stored;
4), after early-stage rainwater is full of described storage piping unit, flow into the follow-up rainwater of described collection conveyance conduit unit again, flow, and be delivered in the retaining unit that is connected with this piping unit by this piping unit at last and store along this piping unit.In course of conveying, the deposit of being carried under one's arms in the rainwater can constantly deposit to be stored in the piping unit, and the water quality that flows into the retaining unit is improved.
The above-mentioned collection storage and the method for delivering rainwater, described inflow also is full of the rainwater of storing piping unit, by this piping unit, directly infiltrates into underground; Described retaining unit is to be used for the independence of retaining or some equipment or the facility that communicates with each other, for example reservoir, retaining well or water tank etc.
A kind of pipe-line system that adopts aforesaid collection storage and delivering rainwater method, it comprises that rainwater is collected the conveyance conduit unit and rainwater is stored piping unit; Described rainwater is collected the be laid in low level of hardened ground of conveyance conduit unit transverse, and rainwater can be flowed in this unit pipe naturally, and rainwater is collected; Described rainwater is stored the upright below that is embedded in described rainwater collection conveyance conduit unit to the interval of piping unit, and collect the conveyance conduit unit with described rainwater and be interconnected, make rainwater collect the conveyance conduit unit, flow into rainwater naturally and store in the piping unit from described rainwater.
Described rainwater is collected the conveyance conduit unit, be made up of the pipeline that the plurality of sections head and the tail join successively, and this pipe section ground exposes on the ground.
Described composition rainwater is collected each segment pipe of conveyance conduit unit, comprises that respectively duct wall and front and back are open-ended, on described duct wall, also has some perforates that are used for making the rainwater inflow or flow out pipeline.
Described composition rainwater is collected each segment pipe of conveyance conduit unit, is following ducted a kind of: have some perforates that make progress on the described pipeline; Have some downward perforates on the described pipeline; Have some perforates up and down on the described pipeline.These three kinds of pipelines are selected to use according to concrete requirement of engineering, can also select to use part not to be provided with the pipeline of perforate.
Described rainwater is stored piping unit, and upright at interval to being provided with and collecting the pipeline that conveyance conduit joins with described rainwater respectively and form by plurality of sections, each segment pipe comprises duct wall and upper and lower end parts opening; Its upper end opening is collected the downward opening of conveyance conduit unit pipe with described rainwater and is connected.On the duct wall of each segment pipe, can also have some perforates that are used for making the rainwater infiltration or ooze out pipeline; In the opening of its bottom, also be provided with the macadam or the layer of sand that are beneficial to rain penetration.The less more greatly and highly pipeline of general employing diameter, and can leave the blowdown opening.
Described composition rainwater is collected each segment pipe of conveyance conduit unit, and forms each segment pipe that rainwater is stored piping unit, all is cement prefabricated components; On set each opening of its duct wall, also be respectively equipped with filter screen, to filter and to isolate foreign material; For the convenience of making, filter screen can be fixed in advance with the concrete duct cage of reinforcement on, water moulding then.
The invention has the advantages that: the method for collection storage provided by the present invention and delivering rainwater can cooperate occasion or place uses such as City Building, square, hardened ground or sclerosis road, and can construct together in company with hardened ground and other engineering; Owing to be provided with the more shallow storage piping unit of the depth of burying, store and permeate early-stage rainwater, and adopt in carrying the way and make the continuous precipitation mode of rainwater, better solve early-stage rainwater and polluted the carry under one's arms problem of thing precipitation of big and rainwater, the water quality that flows into the retaining unit is improved; The pipe-line system of employing said method provided by the invention, owing to adopted some cement prefabricated component pipelines that on tube wall, directly are provided with perforate, and this perforate need not to add end cap, the existing end cap of pipe-line system that economical with materials and having avoided is added a cover is stolen easily or damaged, make pipe-line system be easy to make, install, use and safeguard, and with low cost, the life-span is long.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is storage of rainwater collection and a carrying method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the single-unit pipeline perspective view that adopts the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the pipe-line system structure cross-sectional schematic that adopts the inventive method.
Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A-A to the sectional structure schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of method that collects storage and delivering rainwater, it may further comprise the steps:
1), laterally lay rainwater at the low level of hardened ground and collect the conveyance conduit unit, rainwater is flowed in this unit pipe naturally, and is collected;
2), described rainwater collect the conveyance conduit unit below uprightly bury coupled logical rainwater storage piping unit underground to interval;
3), early-stage rainwater flows into naturally in the unit, storage tube road through described collection conveyance conduit unit, and is stored;
4), after early-stage rainwater is full of described storage piping unit, flow into the follow-up rainwater of described collection conveyance conduit unit again, flow, and be delivered in the retaining unit that is connected with this piping unit by this piping unit at last and store along this piping unit.In course of conveying, the deposit of being carried under one's arms in the rainwater can constantly deposit to be stored in the piping unit, and the water quality that flows into the retaining unit is improved.
The method of aforesaid collection storage and delivering rainwater, described inflow also is full of the rainwater of storing piping unit, by this piping unit, directly infiltrates into underground; Described retaining unit is to be used for the independence of retaining or some equipment or the facility that communicates with each other, and what adopt in the present embodiment is the retaining well; Also can adopt other water storage device or facilities such as reservoir, water tank.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of pipe-line system that adopts aforesaid collection storage and delivering rainwater method, it comprises that rainwater is collected the conveyance conduit unit and rainwater is stored piping unit; Described rainwater is collected the be laid in low level of hardened ground 2 of conveyance conduit unit transverse, and rainwater can be flowed in this unit pipe 3 naturally, and rainwater is collected; Described rainwater is stored the upright below that is embedded in described rainwater collection conveyance conduit unit to the interval of piping unit, and collect the conveyance conduit unit with described rainwater and be interconnected, make rainwater collect the conveyance conduit unit, flow into rainwater naturally and store in the piping unit from described rainwater.
Described rainwater is collected the conveyance conduit unit, and single-unit pipeline 3a, the 3b and the 3c that are joined successively by the plurality of sections head and the tail form, and this pipe section ground exposure on the ground, and major part is buried underground and is fixed in the soil 1.
Described composition rainwater is collected each section single-unit pipeline 3a, 3b and the 3c of conveyance conduit unit, comprises duct wall 5 and front and back end opening respectively, on described duct wall 5, also has some perforate 6b that are used for making the perforate 6a of rainwater inflow or flow out pipeline.
Described composition rainwater is collected each segment pipe of conveyance conduit unit, can be respectively following ducted a kind of: have two perforate 6a that make progress on the described pipeline 3; Have 1 downward perforate 6b on the described pipeline 3c; Have 1 perforate 6a that makes progress and 1 downward perforate 6b on the described pipeline 3b.These three kinds of pipelines are selected to use according to concrete requirement of engineering.Can also select to use part not to be provided with the pipeline of opening.
Described rainwater is stored piping unit, and is upright at interval to being provided with and collecting the pipeline 4 that conveyance conduit 3 joins with described rainwater respectively and form by plurality of sections, comprises 4a and 4b in the present embodiment; The structure of each segment pipe is identical with rainwater conveyance conduit 3, also comprises duct wall 5 and upper and lower end parts opening thereof; Its upper end open is collected downward opening 6b set on the conveyance conduit unit pipe 3 with described rainwater and is connected.In its lower ending opening, also be provided with the macadam or the layer of sand 8 that are beneficial to rain penetration.The less more greatly and highly pipeline of general employing diameter in the practice, and can leave the blowdown opening.
Described composition rainwater is collected each segment pipe 4a and 4b of conveyance conduit unit, and forms each segment pipe 3a, 3b and 3c that rainwater is stored piping unit, all is cement prefabricated components; On set each the opening 6a or 6b of its duct wall 5, also be respectively equipped with filter screen 7, to filter and to isolate foreign material; For the convenience of making, filter screen 7 can be fixed in advance with the concrete duct cage of reinforcement on, water moulding then.
As the described method of above-mentioned embodiment, can also produce on the duct wall 5 that adopts rainwater to store pipeline 4, have some pipe-line systems that are used for making the rainwater infiltration or ooze out pipeline tapping.
As the described identical or approximate method of the above embodiment of the present invention, and the pipe-line system that is used for the storage of rainwater collection and carries identical with the above embodiment of the present invention or that approximate construction obtains, all within protection domain of the present invention.