CN100462175C - Liquid-electricity welding method - Google Patents
Liquid-electricity welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100462175C CN100462175C CNB2007100399990A CN200710039999A CN100462175C CN 100462175 C CN100462175 C CN 100462175C CN B2007100399990 A CNB2007100399990 A CN B2007100399990A CN 200710039999 A CN200710039999 A CN 200710039999A CN 100462175 C CN100462175 C CN 100462175C
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Abstract
The invention is a hydro-electric welding method, belonging to material coupling technique field. The invention specific method are as follows: welding circuit design of arc formed by electrolyte; using commercial AC power supply to connect positive electrode of power supply to the electrolyte, and connecting negative electrode to metal to be welded, contacting the metal to be welded with the electrolyte surface, producing arc for an instant of contacting, here partly metal melting; controlling two parts of metals to be welded to contact with each other during producing arc, until cooling to two parts of metals welding together. The invention with simple device, easily controllable welding process, can not only weld the same kind of metal, but also can weld different kinds of metal, with more simple and convenient use characteristics and applicability than present majority of welding method. The arc designed and produced by the invention can weld familiar metal wire and metal sheet.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of welding technology field, specifically is a kind of liquid-electricity welding method.
Background technology
Welding is one of key technology in modern industry production and the scientific technological advance with being connected.In scientific research and production practices process, all developments that relates to material are selected and field such as use, and the Welding Problems of metal material is nearly all arranged.And for being connected of metal wire that often will run in the production practices and sheet metal, method commonly used has manual electric arc welding, soldering, electric resistance welding and explosive welding (EW) etc.
Traditional metal welding techniques, the method of existing metal and metal solder can be divided into following three classes according to its principle: (1) molten solder, make with external heat source to be connected member near interface zone local melting and to become liquid, then crystallisation by cooling all-in-one-piece method.Its key is: all sufficiently high local heat thermal source of a temperature and energy density be arranged.Existing practical thermal source form has: gas flame, the electric arc that gaseous conduction produces, electroslag, electron beam, laser, resistance etc.(2) pressure welding, overcome the unevenness of two component surface with the effect of impressed pressure, squeeze away surface film oxide and other pollutants, make the atom of two component surface be close to lattice distance mutually, thereby the connection that realizes under solid conditions is referred to as the welding of solid phase pressure.Include cold welding, friction welding (FW), explosive welding (EW), upset butt welding and flash butt welding, methods such as diffusion welding (DW).(3) soldering is lower than medium wandering filling on linkage interface that the deposite metal (solder) that is connected the construction material fusing point connects with fusing point, and crystallisation by cooling forms the method for faying face then.Though existing welding method can realize the connection of most metal materials, for metal wire and sheet metal, existing method generally has the equipment complexity, and investment and unit cost are big, specification requirement height, shortcomings such as flexibility deficiency.For example, manual electric arc welding commonly used needs to exchange or dc welding machine, special-purpose welding rod welder's operating technology is required height, and working condition is poor, labour intensity is big, productivity ratio is low, and every weldering finishes a root bead bar, must upgrade welding rod, and residual next part, and if welding rod is not fully utilized, postwelding also must scarfing cinder, so productivity ratio is low.Also have,, need the control end in the certain depth scope as flash butt welding, and when reaching predetermined temperature, and need apply upset force rapidly to finish welding, and method and technology and control appliance are had relatively high expectations, the program complexity, and need pressurization.Other, explosive welding (EW) also commonly used just like weld power system high pressure line, apparatus and process and requirement are just more complicated, and cost is also higher.
Find through literature search prior art, Tao Liquan is at " electronics industry special equipment ", " application of little spot-welding technology in the film substrate welding " delivered on the phase 69-72 page or leaf in 2004 the 07th: the method that adopts spot welding, utilize accurate automatic welding machine to weld, concrete material welding procedure can be divided into three phases (1) precompressed, guarantees that the workpiece contact is good; (2) energising makes weld form nugget and plasticity ring; (3) breakpoint forging and pressing make nugget crystallisation by cooling under pressure continuation effect, the solder joint of formative tissue densification, no shrinkage cavity, crackle.Its shortcoming is: equipment is comparatively complicated and expensive, the accurate automatic welding machine of its employed JH-150 type, and investment and unit cost are all very big, secondly, are the specification requirement height, need control the flexibility deficiency by programming automatically.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of liquid-electricity welding method is provided.The electric arc that produces by electrolyte welds, and equipment needed thereby is simple, and welding process is controlled easily.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, concrete grammar of the present invention is as follows: utilize electrolyte to form the welding circuit design of electric arc: basic ideas are to utilize civilian AC power, the positive pole of power supply is inserted electrolyte, negative pole and the metal that needs welding are coupled together, and metal must not directly contact (otherwise being short-circuited) with positive source.Metal to be welded is contacted with electrolyte surface, can produce electric arc, part metals fusing this moment in the moment of contact; Two parts metal that control will be welded can be in contact with one another it in the process that produces electric arc, wait cooling back two parts metal to weld like this.
The described welding circuit design that utilizes electrolyte to form electric arc, specific practice is: civilian power supply or industrial power can be picked out by transformer, with a certain amount of water soluble salt, as NaCl, add and be configured to electrolyte in the entry, this electrolyte is placed open-top receptacle.The wherein lead (regarding positive pole as) that to draw by transformer, be connected with electrolyte (as being fixed in the container), another utmost point (regarding negative pole as) is divided into two leads, two parts metal with the needs welding couples together respectively, the position that the control metal needs will be welded contacts with electrolyte, break away from after producing electric arc, after the cooled and solidified, the part that two parts metal contacts with liquid level of electrolyte can be welded success.And the compliant metal that the points for attention in the concrete way of contact and when welding are welded as required is different, is welded into one as multi cord, then can only need be connected on the negative outside wire.
Described welding according to the character and the specification of weld metal, can select different voltage to weld, and supply voltage wherein can utilize AC transformer to mediate;
Described AC power, required voltage are that 0V-380V can weld;
Described electrolyte, be meant: adopt NaCl solution, water miscible nitrate, nitrite, oxalates, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulphite and acetate commonly used, more than these single kind salting liquid or several composite solution.
Electrolyte is the element of liquid electric welding, is the crucial carrier that produces liquid electric welding electric arc.If the salting liquid of each components contents single kind then be up to the saturation solubility of this kind salt, and solution concentration is strong more near saturated solution electric conductivity more, is suitable for the liquid electric welding more; If composite solution, the shared percentage of then various components in proportions from 0%-100% all can, same, the concentration of independent every kind of composition in solution, strong more near saturated solution electric conductivity more, be suitable for the liquid electric welding more.
The composition of described electrolyte, preferably: NaCl solution, K
2CO
3Solution.Best electrolyte prescription is the strongest saturated chlorate solution of electric conductivity.As NaCl saturated solution and KCl saturated solution.
The composition of described electrolyte, it mainly acts on as follows: (1) forms the electrode system that carries out electrochemical reaction with workpiece (metal to be welded), realizes desired electric arc production process, also is simultaneously the medium that transmits electric current in the welding circuit; (2) the part heat of taking away in the welding process to be produced makes the processing district unlikely overheated and cause the excessive vaporization of metal.Total requirement is welding processing efficient height to electrolyte, and is practical.Aspect physical characteristic, should be that strong electrolyte promptly has the high solubility and the big degree of dissociation.The electrolyte that generally is used to weld should have high conductivity, is beneficial to adopt high current density, obtains high welding efficiency.Aspect stable, in welding process, the performance of electrolyte should be able to keep stable the stable of welding process and welding result that be beneficial to.Practicality aspect, electrolyte should be cheap, are easy to buy; Long service life is polluted for a short time, and corrosivity is little, and is nontoxic, and safety should avoid introducing NO as far as possible
2 -1, Cr
+ 6Deng harmful ion.
Principle of the present invention:
This method links to each other a utmost point of power supply (common civilian AC power gets final product) with electrolyte, another utmost point links to each other with quilt weldering metal, the instantaneous generation electric arc that contacts with liquid level of electrolyte at metal position to be welded utilizes the heat melts metal of electric arc, thereby crystallisation by cooling reaches the purpose of welding then.Above-mentioned this welding method is referred to as " liquid electric welding ".
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is directed to also simple and easy to do without comparison at present, the situation of metal wire that flexibility is high and sheet metal welding method, and the deficiency of existing arc welding technology, thereby the method that provides a kind of electric arc that produces by electrolyte to weld, equipment needed thereby is simple, and welding process is controlled easily, not only can carry out the welding between the metal of the same race, and can weld dissimilar metal, all have easier usability and applicability than present most of welding methods.The present invention designs generation electric arc can weld familiar metal wire and sheet metal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic circuit and the principle schematic of liquid electric welding.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed embodiment being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, whole welding system roughly can be regarded as by two parts according to function and form: (1) comprises power supply, transformer, ammeters etc. are in interior power-supply system, this is the part that energy is provided for the liquid electric welding, also is simultaneously the part of understanding welding condition, according to test as can be known, the welding required voltage can weld from 0V-380V; (2) comprise the weld zone of workpiece to be welded and electrolyte composition, by adopting composition is water miscible salting liquid, its composition includes water miscible nitrate, nitrite, oxalates, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulphite and acetate, more than these one or several composite solutions.If the salting liquid of each components contents single kind then is up to the saturation solubility of this kind salt, as 20 ℃ NaCl solution, dissolving 36 gram NaCl at most in the 100 gram water; If composite solution, the percentage of then various salt proportion from 0% to 100% all can.Instantiation as: adopt the NaCl saturated solution, in container, form electrolyte, thereby when welding, produce significant electric spark or arc discharge, thereby enough energy are provided, guarantee the success of metal molten solder with good electrical conductivity.
Each element that constitutes the loop has the civilian AC power of 220V, the AC transformer of 0-380V, some in ordinary copper lead, electrolyte, glass evaporating dish.The connected mode in loop places evaporating dish with electrolyte as shown in Figure 1, two poles lead incoming transport transformer; Through after the transformation, a utmost point contacts with copper conductor, puts into electrolyte; And another utmost point is drawn afterwards with lead and two parts metal to be welded links to each other, and promptly an end of two parts metal all extremely links to each other with the same of power supply, at this moment, metal to be welded is broken away from liquid level of electrolyte.If will weld, power connection contact two parts of metal to be welded simultaneously with liquid level of electrolyte, and can get electric spark this moment, certain time, and metal disengaging liquid level, then contacted position can weld.The parameter that influences welding effect has ac voltage used when welding, the composition of electrolyte and electrical conductivity, and the thickness of metal to be welded and thin and thick.Voltage is high more, and the energy during welding is high more, and efficient is high more; The electrical conductivity of electrolyte is high more, and the energy during welding is high more, and bonding speed is fast more; And wire is thin more or thin more, and the position that need melt during welding is few more, and the time of welding is short more.
With wire, as the iron wire (Fe) of diameter 0.3mm, use the sand papering surface, and use the absolute ethyl alcohol clean surface, method according to the liquid electric welding a: utmost point of power supply is inserted water-soluble salt solution, as the KCl saturated solution, the iron wire of another utmost point reception weldering, the liquid level of control iron wire end contact KCl saturated solution, then produce electric spark immediately, break away from liquid level, the mariages that then can be observed has side by side welded success, has obtained to have the iron wire welding point of obvious fastness.
Embodiment 2
Being provided with of the welding circuit of present embodiment with embodiment 1.
With metal forming, as the copper sheet (Cu) of thickness 0.15mm, use the sand papering surface, and use the absolute ethyl alcohol clean surface, according to the method for liquid electric welding: a utmost point of power supply is inserted water-soluble salt solution, as K
2CO
3With the KCl composite solution, the paillon foil of another utmost point reception weldering, the liquid level of control iron wire end contact saturated solution of potassium carbonate then produces electric spark immediately, breaks away from liquid level, and a part of edge that then can be observed paillon foil has welded success.Wherein weldingvoltage is the 220V alternating current, and the electrolyte composition is K
2CO
3With the KCl composite solution.Present embodiment has obtained to have the copper sheet weld seam of obvious fastness; Show that by the optical photograph of observing the copper sheet commissure liquid electric welding is in the feasibility that has aspect the weld metal sheet.
Claims (5)
1. liquid-electricity welding method, it is characterized in that, concrete grammar is as follows: utilize electrolyte to form the welding circuit design of electric arc: to utilize civilian AC power, the positive pole of power supply is inserted electrolyte, negative pole and the metal that needs welding are coupled together, metal to be welded is contacted with electrolyte surface, produce electric arc, part metals fusing this moment in the moment of contact; Two parts metal that control will be welded can be in contact with one another it in the process that produces electric arc, wait to be cooled to two parts metal solder;
Specific practice is: civilian AC power is picked out by transformer, water soluble salt is added be configured to electrolyte in the entry, this electrolyte is placed open-top receptacle; To be connected with electrolyte by wherein lead that transformer is drawn, another utmost point is divided into two leads, two parts metal with the needs welding couples together respectively, the position that the control metal needs will be welded contacts with electrolyte, break away from after producing electric arc, cooled and solidified, the part that two parts metal contacts with liquid level of electrolyte is promptly welded successfully.
2. liquid-electricity welding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electrolyte, be meant: adopt NaCl solution, water miscible nitrate, nitrite, oxalates, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulphite and acetate commonly used, more than these single kind salting liquid or several composite solution.
3. liquid-electricity welding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described welding: according to the character and the specification of weld metal, select different voltage to weld, supply voltage wherein utilizes AC transformer to mediate.
4. liquid-electricity welding method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described different voltage welds, and required voltage is to weld under the 0V-380V.
5. liquid-electricity welding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the salting liquid of described single kind, its character that has is: solution concentration is up to the saturation solubility of this salt, and solution concentration is strong more near saturated solution electric conductivity more, is suitable for the liquid electric welding more; Described composite solution, the shared percentage of then various components in proportions all can from 0%-100%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100399990A CN100462175C (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Liquid-electricity welding method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100399990A CN100462175C (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Liquid-electricity welding method |
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|---|---|
| CN101036954A CN101036954A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
| CN100462175C true CN100462175C (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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| CNB2007100399990A Expired - Fee Related CN100462175C (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Liquid-electricity welding method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107486645A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-19 | 宝鸡长达电气科技有限公司 | A kind of welding method of sheet metal |
| RU2751500C1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-07-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный энергетический университет" | Method for electrolyte-plasma welding of non-ferrous metals and their alloys |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2247869A1 (en) * | 1974-12-06 | 1975-05-09 | Hyperfrequences Ste Moderne | Fused salt tank auxiliary heating system - has heating resistances connected in parallel to and between electrodes |
| JPS5985900A (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-05-17 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | Etching method of tungsten electrode |
| CN2057607U (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1990-05-30 | 龚超群 | Acid-base salt electric welding unit |
| RU2053075C1 (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1996-01-27 | Владимир Владимирович Ветер | Process of electric arc welding of joints of steel articles with consumable electrode |
| CN2923142Y (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2007-07-18 | 贵州金江航空液压有限责任公司 | Salt-water dc. electric-arc welding device of electric thermo-couple |
-
2007
- 2007-04-26 CN CNB2007100399990A patent/CN100462175C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2247869A1 (en) * | 1974-12-06 | 1975-05-09 | Hyperfrequences Ste Moderne | Fused salt tank auxiliary heating system - has heating resistances connected in parallel to and between electrodes |
| JPS5985900A (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-05-17 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | Etching method of tungsten electrode |
| CN2057607U (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1990-05-30 | 龚超群 | Acid-base salt electric welding unit |
| RU2053075C1 (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1996-01-27 | Владимир Владимирович Ветер | Process of electric arc welding of joints of steel articles with consumable electrode |
| CN2923142Y (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2007-07-18 | 贵州金江航空液压有限责任公司 | Salt-water dc. electric-arc welding device of electric thermo-couple |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107486645A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-19 | 宝鸡长达电气科技有限公司 | A kind of welding method of sheet metal |
| RU2751500C1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-07-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный энергетический университет" | Method for electrolyte-plasma welding of non-ferrous metals and their alloys |
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|---|---|
| CN101036954A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
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