CN100454453C - Low-power electronic current mutual inductor - Google Patents
Low-power electronic current mutual inductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100454453C CN100454453C CNB2005100242923A CN200510024292A CN100454453C CN 100454453 C CN100454453 C CN 100454453C CN B2005100242923 A CNB2005100242923 A CN B2005100242923A CN 200510024292 A CN200510024292 A CN 200510024292A CN 100454453 C CN100454453 C CN 100454453C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a low power electronic current mutual inductor which is equipment without power source. The low power electronic current mutual inductor comprises a primary winding, a secondary winding, a magnet core, a secondary shunt resistor, a screen casing, a double-screen twisted pair and a base, wherein the primary winding penetrates through the center of the magnet core; secondary copper conducting wires are uniformly wound on the magnet core; a whole is composed of the screen casing and the base; the secondary shunt resistor is connected to the ends of the secondary copper conducting wires; the secondary shunt resistor is also uniformly wound on the annular magnet core; the secondary winding is composed of the secondary shunt resistor and the secondary copper conducting wires together; the whole secondary winding is placed in the screen casing; a secondary low power voltage signal is output by the double-screen twisted pair. The secondary output of the present invention is a low power voltage signal which has a linear proportional relation with a primary current. A mutual inductor winding can meet various requirements of measurement and protection at the same time. The present invention has the advantages of large measurement range, high precision, small volume, light weight, low cost of raw materials and strong electromagnetic compatibility. Moreover, the present invention does not have the problem of a secondary loop and can be an open circuit and a short circuit.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of instrument transformer that is used for electric power system current measurement and technical field of relay protection, particularly a kind of low-power electronic current mutual inductor.
Background technology
Along with based on the relaying protection of microcomputer technology and the extensive use of measuring system, the power demand of input signal is reduced greatly.When practical application, since the energy level that provides of these signals head and shoulders above the scope that can bear of microelectronic element, so they all must further be converted in the mould/number conversion module that just can be input to relay and measuring system behind the low power analog voltage signal by the current/voltage transmitter and carry out digital signal samples.In the present power transmission and transformation system, obtaining of high-tension current signal once still is mainly to realize by traditional electromagnetic current transducer technology, and their secondary output is the simulated High-power current signal.Along with the increase of power demand and the raising of electric pressure, make that the volume of traditional electromagnetic current transducer is increasing, cost is more and more higher, and the safe operation of electric power system is brought very big difficulty.International Electrotechnical Commission provides clear and definite standard in design and application to novel electronic formula current transformer in 2002.Therefore, traditional electromagnetic current transducer can not adapt to power transmission and transformation system intellectuality, digitized development need.
Find by prior art documents, Chinese patent application number is: 02211227.8 disclosed a kind of " electronic current transducer ", the current sensor that this technology is made of Luo Shi coil principle, the electromotive force of secondary coil output is directly proportional with the differential of primary current, promptly
Wherein M is the mutual inductance of Luo Shi coil.This secondary output electromotive force has only the size that could reflect primary current behind the analog or digital integration, so it need mix active operational amplifier or digital integrating circuit simultaneously when application, and the voltage signal of exporting is carried out aftertreatment.But because the Luo Shi coil all is wound on the nonferromagnetic material core; and actual every circle winding can not be accomplished in full accord; therefore the Luo Shi coil is easy to be subjected to the interference of external magnetic field; influence certainty of measurement; the current transformer of the type can only be used for relaying protection substantially, and can't be used for metering.
Find again in the retrieval that Chinese patent application number is: 03224156.9 disclosed a kind of " active photoelectric current inductor ".This technology is an active equipment; utilize Luo Shi coil or electromagnetic current transducer under a high potential, to carry out current measurement; then analog output signal is converted to digital signal by signal processing; being converted to digital optical signal by light-emitting diode again transmits to the control room; in the control room, carry out light-to-current inversion and signal processing then again, generate the signal of telecommunication that can be used for Microcomputer Protection and metering.Useful life when this technology subject matter is once the power supply supply of on high-tension side electronic circuit and long-time running is shorter, and main power supply method of supplying has lasing light emitter power supply and bus-type coil power supply (promptly utilizing a small current mutual inductor coil to obtain electric energy from a high-pressure side powers) at present.Lasing light emitter power supply subject matter is that the transmitting power of lasing light emitter is on the low side, and the electric energy that provides is limited, and the price height, and useful life is short, makes that the manufacturing cost of mixed type photoelectricity current transformer is very high, and operation back on-site maintenance difficulty is big.And adopt the bus-type current transformer coil power supply, the outside electricity shortage of coil when existing once by little electric current, and easily saturated power supply " dead band " problem of coil during by big electric current influences the stable operation of electronic circuit.Therefore, though this mixed type photoelectricity current transformer has some product hanging net operations, but still be difficult to realize large-scale production and application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of low-power electronic current mutual inductor is provided.It is being met on the country and the basis of international standard, can satisfy the multiple requirement of measuring and protecting simultaneously, and the measurement range is big, precision is high, transient response good, volume is little, in light weight, Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention is an inactive component, comprise: a winding, secondary winding, magnetic core, second diffluence resistance, screening can, double shield twisted-pair feeder and base, one time winding runs through by the magnetic core center, secondary copper conductor uniform winding is on magnetic core, screening can and base constitute an integral body, on the end of secondary copper conductor, connect a second diffluence resistance, and second diffluence resistance also uniform winding constitute secondary winding with the secondary copper conductor in the heart at annular magnet, whole secondary winding is placed in the screening can that can not produce the short circuit circle, and secondary low-power voltage signal is exported by the double shield twisted-pair feeder.
Described magnetic core is made of the mild alloy band of magnetic, magnetic core be shaped as annular shape, compare with the current sensor that adopts Luo Shi coil or hollow coil principle to make, have the low-power current transformer of magnetic core, insensitive to disturbing magnetic field and variation of temperature, design more flexible; According to different use needs; magnetic core has one or several air gaps; perhaps zero-air-gap; to satisfy the transient protection requirement; and since the instrument transformer secondary winding by second diffluence resistance short circuit; actual max load during operation is exactly a second diffluence resistance itself, and resistance generally has only several ohms.Therefore, magnetic saturation can not take place in the magnetic core that designs in the time of can realizing once by short circuit current yet, satisfies the requirement of transient response.And the size of this magnetic core is much smaller than the used magnetic core of traditional electromagnetic transformer product, and material cost is lower.
Described second diffluence resistance is the part of secondary winding, constitute by several resistance wires and a copper conductor, resistance wire is wrapped in around the copper cash, when secondary current Is (t) organizes resistance wire by this, just formed secondary output voltage U s (t) at the two ends of resistance wire, and by the output of the copper cash in the middle of the resistance wire;
Second diffluence resistance or form by the metal circular tube that a centre has conducting rod, conducting rod and metal circular tube have centrosymmetric insulation system, when secondary current Is (t) passes through this pipe, just formed secondary output voltage U s (t) at the two ends of pipe, and exported by the conducting rod at its center;
Second diffluence resistance or form by the cable that an outside is surrounded by metal screen layer, cable and metal screen layer have centrosymmetric structure, when secondary current Is (t) passes through the metal screen layer of this cable, just formed secondary output voltage U s (t) at the two ends of screen, and exported by cable;
Described second diffluence resistance is the part of secondary winding, uniform winding is on magnetic core, avoided the formed circulation of leakage flux that brings by external disturbance, guaranteed the certainty of measurement of instrument transformer, simultaneously second diffluence resistance in the inside of instrument transformer with the secondary winding short circuit, secondary output open circuit voltage is output voltage, second open circuit problem when no longer including the instrument transformer operation.Second diffluence resistance is selected the very little material of temperature coefficient for use, is specially: temperature coefficient is less than or equal to ± and 5 * 10
-6Ω/K, and material carried out annealing in process, the resistance that makes shunt resistance does not substantially change with temperature and the variation that adds mechanical load, guarantee the output of current transformer when the power station long-time continuous move accurately, stablize; Also because of secondary winding short circuit all the time in inside, the interlayer of current transformer no longer includes big voltage difference in addition, so do not need to add any layer insulation again when coiling, production technology is simplified greatly, and saves raw material.
The two ends of second diffluence resistance are connected with two stranded conductors in inside of described double shield twisted-pair feeder respectively, the length of double shield twisted-pair feeder is more than 6 meters, the exterior shield layer is instrument transformer and the equal ground connection of user side, and internal shield is only user side ground connection, and the end of double shield twisted-pair feeder is installed a binding post.This connected mode has guaranteed Electro Magnetic Compatibility good in the signals transmission, and pattern is flexible, can satisfy the requirement that different hardware connects.
Described screening can is metal material, and perhaps screening can is the resin-cast body, and its outer surface covers conducting film.Shell and base are as a whole, do not need any cable to connect base ground connection during operation between the two.Screening can not form the short circuit circle.
The present invention utilizes magnetic core, will convert the little electric current I s (t) by secondary winding by the primary current Ip (t) of primary conductive bar earlier to, simultaneously secondary winding by second diffluence resistance at the inner short circuit of instrument transformer.Two ends at it when secondary current Is (t) passes through second diffluence resistance form voltage drop Us (t), that is:
Wherein: K is the total impedance that comprises the voltage output loop of second diffluence resistance, and secondary output voltage U s (t) and primary current Ip (t) are linearly proportional.Need not just can correctly reflect the measured value of primary current through the integration of follow-up digital-to-analog circuit, the certainty of measurement height, can satisfy measuring requirement, compare with the current sensor that adopts Luo Shi coil principle to make, help the design of simplifying relay or measuring instrument, avoided the additive error of introducing because of the nonlinear distortion in the signal processing.
When the present invention moves, can connect one or several secondary devices simultaneously.The input circuit of all secondary devices all is connected in parallel on the output of instrument transformer, i.e. the input total impedance Zb of secondary load is connected in parallel on the second diffluence resistance.The value of second diffluence resistance generally has only several ohms, as long as make input total impedance Zb greater than a definite minimum value, this minimum value is generally 20k Ω, and then the certainty of measurement of instrument transformer just can not be subjected to the influence that external loading changes.And the current sensor that adopts Luo Shi coil or hollow coil principle to make, before the application, each coil all must carry out independent load matched, and generally requires secondary input impedance more than 2M Ω, and the input impedance in the loop very senior general reduce antijamming capability in the signals transmission.
The present invention has obvious improvement technically, secondary output of the present invention and the linearly proportional low-power voltage signal of primary current; Second diffluence resistance is the part of secondary winding, and with instrument transformer at inner short circuit; Instrument transformer does not have the secondary circuit problem, and secondary not only can be opened a way but also can short circuit.
The present invention can satisfy the multiple requirement of measuring and protecting simultaneously; The measurement range is big, the precision height, and transient response is good; Can measure from 50 to 5000 amperes primary current, and just can further expand the measuring range of instrument transformer by the design number of turn of adjusting secondary winding; The precision of measuring more can reach 0.2 grade or higher; And, when satisfy measuring class precision, can also when being less than or equal to 63kA (promptly a short time thermal current scope in), primary current satisfy the required precision of 5P protected level for same winding; If instrument transformer adopts the ring-shaped core that has air gap, then instrument transformer can also satisfy various transient responses, as the protection requirement of TPY level.
Volume of the present invention is little, and is in light weight, and the cost of raw material is low and Electro Magnetic Compatibility is strong.Raw-material weight and volume required for the present invention all has only below 1/3 of electromagnetic type product.The present invention only needs a winding just to realize the function of multiple measurement and protection, and the winding that the electromagnetic type product generally need be used more than 3 just may be realized identical functions; And the sectional area of the single iron core among the present invention is compared with the electromagnetic type product of ad eundem, reduces more than 40%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention
The centrosymmetric insulation system schematic diagram of Fig. 2 second diffluence resistance
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the present invention is an inactive component, comprise: a winding 1, secondary winding 2, magnetic core 3, second diffluence resistance 4, screening can 5, double shield twisted-pair feeder 6 and base 11, one time winding 1 runs through by magnetic core 3 centers, screening can 5 constitutes an integral body with base 11, secondary copper conductor uniform winding at annular magnet in the heart, on the end of secondary copper conductor, connect a second diffluence resistance 4, and second diffluence resistance 4 also uniform winding is at annular magnet in the heart, second diffluence resistance 4 constitutes secondary winding 2 with the secondary copper conductor, secondary winding 2 is placed in the screening can 5 that can not produce the short circuit circle, and secondary low-power voltage signal is by 6 outputs of double shield twisted-pair feeder.
Described magnetic core 3 is made of the mild alloy band of magnetic, magnetic core 3 be shaped as annular shape, magnetic core 3 has one or several air gaps, perhaps zero-air-gap.
Described second diffluence resistance 4 is parts of secondary winding 2, is made of several resistance wires and a copper conductor, and resistance wire is wrapped in around the copper cash 12; Perhaps the metal circular tube that has conducting rod by a centre is formed, and conducting rod and metal circular tube have centrosymmetric insulation system 13; Perhaps the cable that is surrounded by metal screen layer by an outside is formed, and cable and metal screen layer have centrosymmetric insulation system 13.When secondary current passes through resistance wire or metal circular tube or metal screen layer, form secondary voltage at the two ends of resistance wire or metal circular tube or metal screen layer.
Described second diffluence resistance 4 is parts of secondary winding 2, uniform winding on magnetic core 3, second diffluence resistance 4 in the inside of instrument transformer with secondary winding 2 short circuits.
The two ends of second diffluence resistance 4 are connected with 8 with two stranded conductors 7 in inside of described double shield twisted-pair feeder 6 respectively, the length of double shield twisted-pair feeder 6 is more than 6 meters, exterior shield layer 9 is instrument transformer and the equal ground connection of user side, and 10 of internal shields are user side ground connection, and the end of double shield twisted-pair feeder 6 is installed a binding post.
Described screening can 5 is a metal material, and perhaps screening can 5 is the resin-cast body, and its outer surface is a conducting film.
The present invention utilizes magnetic core 3, will convert the little electric current I s (t) by secondary winding 2 by the primary current Ip (t) of primary conductive bar earlier to, simultaneously secondary winding 2 by second diffluence resistance 4 at the inner short circuit of instrument transformer.Two ends at it when secondary current Is (t) passes through second diffluence resistance 4 form voltage drop Us (t), that is:
Wherein: K is the total impedance that comprises the voltage output loop of second diffluence resistance 4, and secondary output voltage U s (t) and primary current Ip (t) are linearly proportional.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of low-power electronic current mutual inductor, comprise: a winding (1), secondary winding (2), magnetic core (3), screening can (5), double shield twisted-pair feeder (6) and base (11), it is characterized in that, also comprise: second diffluence resistance (4), described low-power electronic current mutual inductor is an inactive component, a winding (1) runs through by magnetic core (3) center, screening can (5) constitutes an integral body with base (11), secondary copper conductor uniform winding at annular magnet in the heart, on the end of secondary copper conductor, connect a second diffluence resistance (4), and second diffluence resistance also uniform winding is at annular magnet in the heart, second diffluence resistance (4) constitutes secondary winding (2) with the secondary copper conductor, secondary winding (2) is placed in the screening can (5), and secondary low-power voltage signal is exported by double shield twisted-pair feeder (6).
2, low-power electronic current mutual inductor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, primary current Ip (t) by the primary conductive bar converts the little electric current I s (t) by secondary winding (2) earlier to, simultaneously secondary winding (2) by second diffluence resistance (4) at the inner short circuit of instrument transformer, two ends at it when secondary current Is (t) passes through second diffluence resistance (4) form voltage drop Us (t), that is:
Wherein: K is the total impedance that comprises the voltage output loop of second diffluence resistance (4), and secondary output voltage U s (t) and primary current Ip (t) are linearly proportional.
3, low-power electronic current mutual inductor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second diffluence resistance (4) is the part of secondary winding (2), is made of several resistance wires and a copper conductor, and resistance wire is wrapped in (12) around the copper cash; Perhaps the metal circular tube that has conducting rod by a centre is formed, and conducting rod and metal circular tube have centrosymmetric insulation system (13); Perhaps the cable that is surrounded by metal screen layer by an outside is formed, and cable and metal screen layer have centrosymmetric insulation system (13).
4, low-power electronic current mutual inductor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic core (3) is made of the mild alloy band of magnetic, magnetic core (3) be shaped as annular shape, magnetic core (3) has one or several air gaps, perhaps zero-air-gap.
According to claim 1 or 3 described low-power electronic current mutual inductors, it is characterized in that 5, described second diffluence resistance (4) is the part of secondary winding (2), uniform winding is on magnetic core (3); Second diffluence resistance (4) is selected the very little material of temperature coefficient for use, is specially: temperature coefficient is less than or equal to ± and 5 * 10
-6Ω/K.
6, according to claim 1 or 3 described low-power electronic current mutual inductors, it is characterized in that, the two ends of second diffluence resistance (4) are connected with two stranded conductors in inside (7,8) of described double shield twisted-pair feeder (6) respectively, and the length of double shield twisted-pair feeder (6) is more than 6 meters.
7, low-power electronic current mutual inductor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described screening can (5) is a metal material, and perhaps screening can (5) is the resin-cast body, and its outer surface is a conducting film.
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DE102010061766A1 (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-01-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switch i.e. low voltage circuit breaker, has power source including current transformer with iron core having winding formed from diamagnetic materials so that large short-circuit current flows through electrical resistor of winding |
CN103187162B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2016-08-17 | 上海Mwb互感器有限公司 | Combination transformer for power system |
CN102969137A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-13 | 遵义长征电器开关设备有限责任公司 | High-precision and low-power current transformer for protecting electronic instrument and microcomputer |
CN103107012B (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2016-12-28 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of electronic current mutual inductor and the online energy taking device in high-pressure side thereof |
CN103137311A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-06-05 | 陕西富集电力科技股份有限公司 | Current transformer |
CN105510679A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-20 | 江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | High-reliability and high-precision current measuring method and device |
CN105869831A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-17 | 国家电网公司 | 36000A strong current generator and detecting method thereof |
CN107478886B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2024-05-14 | 华北电力大学 | Current sensor and method for detecting current signal thereof |
CN112447385B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-04-01 | 国创移动能源创新中心(江苏)有限公司 | High-power electric leakage mutual inductor for copper bar measurement |
CN116207927B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-07-28 | 苏州苏磁智能科技有限公司 | Magnetic suspension motor and magnetic suspension equipment of twisted pair outgoing line |
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GB2068646A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-08-12 | Felten & Guilleaume Ag | Summation transformer for a fault-current circuit breaker |
JPH06267396A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1994-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Zero-phase current transformer |
CN2580578Y (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-15 | 沈阳互感器厂(有限公司) | Current mutual inductor of generator main loop |
CN2593331Y (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2003-12-17 | 山东彼岸电力科技有限公司 | High-voltage current mutual inductor |
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2005
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB2068646A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-08-12 | Felten & Guilleaume Ag | Summation transformer for a fault-current circuit breaker |
JPH06267396A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1994-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Zero-phase current transformer |
CN2580578Y (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-15 | 沈阳互感器厂(有限公司) | Current mutual inductor of generator main loop |
CN2593331Y (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2003-12-17 | 山东彼岸电力科技有限公司 | High-voltage current mutual inductor |
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Effective date of registration: 20170517 Address after: 110136, Liaoning, Shenyang moral and Economic Development Zone, Shen Shen road, West Third Street, No. two, 2 Road Patentee after: Legend electric (Shenyang) Limited Address before: 200245 No. 3658, Jiangcheng Road, Shanghai, Minhang District Patentee before: Trench China MWB (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. |
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