Background technology
Electronic current, voltage transformer are different fully with traditional instrument transformer unshakable in one's determination because of its sensing principle, and have remarkable advantages.
From measuring principle classification, according to the IEC standard, electronic current mutual inductor has comprised 3 kinds of optical current mutual inductor (be called not only passive), air-core current transformer (but also being called Rogowski coil, active type) and low-power type current transformers; Electronic type voltage transformer has comprised two kinds in optical voltage transformer, branch die mould voltage transformer etc.
The high voltage independent electronic type current mutual inductor general measure principle that is suitable for is at present: be protection passage sensing unit with the hollow coil; low-power sections core coil is for measuring the passage sensing unit; perhaps protect and measure passage and all adopt hollow coil; the semiconductor laser of low-pressure side is given on high-tension side modulation circuit power supply by energy supply optical fiber; convert the on high-tension side voltage signal that contains tested current information to digital signal driven for emitting lights diode; transfer to low-pressure side by signal transmission fiber with the form of light pulse, the active formula electronic current mutual inductor of just so-called light power supply.The shortcoming of the instrument transformer of this measurement structure is: the signal of telecommunication of on high-tension side measurement coil and the output of protection coil need be transformed into light pulse signal by the signal modulation circuit plate of high-pressure side work and transfer to low-pressure side from the high-pressure side, therefore must provide power supply to the circuit board of high-pressure side work.Be to adopt the supply power mode (being called for short little CT mode) of floated supply convertor to get energy at first from bus.But when bus current is very little, as be low to moderate 5% even 1% when following of rated current, supply convertor is not enough to keep normal energized condition, can't confess energy, may make the electronic mutual inductor can't operate as normal.The semiconductor laser that now generally is the employing low-pressure side is given on high-tension side modulation circuit power supply by energy supply optical fiber, but the power consumption of the modulation circuit that the most critical issue that exists at present is the high-pressure side works is excessive.The lowest power consumption that has reached is abroad greatly about about 30mW.The efficient of general opto-electronic conversion is 30%, this just requires the fiber power of semiconductor laser light source to reach more than the 100mW at least, and fiber power is at the light source of this order of magnitude, its life-span is shorter, can not satisfy the life requirements of electric power system far away to instrument transformer, the life-span of instrument transformer, general the requirement was 30 years, and its cost costliness.In addition, when being positioned on high-tension side electrooptical device long time continuous working, its conversion efficiency seriously decays.
Present free-standing capacitance partial pressure electronic type voltage transformer generally is the multistage capacitances in series dividing potential drop mode that adopts the voltage transformer (being called for short CVT) that is similar to capacitance-voltage-distributing type, the high voltage branch is depressed into than behind the electronegative potential, be transformed into digital light pulse again and carry out the signal transmission, this method does not need the light power supply.But this structure is big because of the coupling capacitor temperature coefficient, can reach 5 * 10
-5/ k, be subjected to the external environment factor: bigger as influences such as high-voltage connection, filth, humidity, though for example CVT has adopted the method that increases the dividing potential drop capacitance to reduce the influence of extraneous space stray capacitance to the voltage voltage ratio as far as possible, but the practice of operation for many years shows that the voltage ratio of CVT takes place to drift about and remains comparatively general phenomenon in long-term actual motion.
In a word, the subject matter of high voltage independent electronic type current mutual inductor is at present: need to adopt the signal condition modulation circuit plate power supply of the mode of light power supply to high-pressure side work, poor reliability costs an arm and a leg; Independent type electronic voltage mutual inductor adopts the multistage capacitances in series dividing potential drop mode of similar CVT, is subject to the influence that distributed capacitance that the external environment factor causes changes, and certainty of measurement is low, poor stability.Then technical difficulty is bigger for the combined electrical minor current-voltage transformer that electric current, voltage measurement are combined, and does not almost have successful story.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer, overcome the defective of above-mentioned electronic current, voltage transformer fully, wherein electronic current mutual inductor adopts the insulation system of inverted gas insulated high voltage current transformer, make current measurement coil and signal modulation circuit plate all be positioned at earth potential, thereby can directly adopt the common power cable power supply, no longer need the light power supply, improved reliability greatly; The ground electrode that electronic type voltage transformer utilizes the double layer screen tube of the Primary Conductor of inverted gas insulated high voltage current transformer and internal layer, outer electrical communication to constitute, construct coaxial cylindrical capacitor dividing potential drop dexterously, overcome the shortcoming that multistage capacitances in series dividing potential drop mode is subject to the distributed capacitance variable effect that the external environment factor causes, the certainty of measurement height, good stability; The present invention utilizes same Main Insulation Structure of Electric to constitute combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer once more dexterously, thereby greatly reduces cost on the basis of the above.
High voltage combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer comprise an inverted SF
6Gas insulated high voltage current transformer, electronic type voltage transformer, signal condition modulation circuit and DC power supply is characterized in that: with the inverted SF of hollow coil or low-power ironcore choke and the alternative conventional iron wire-core coil of hollow coil
6Gas insulated high voltage current transformer, and utilize the same insulator of current transformer, fixing metal column ring on the inner surface of double layer screen tube internal layer, the columnar metal ring by insulating material on electric with the inner surface insulation of double layer screen tube internal layer, and columnar metal ring and Primary Conductor and double layer screen tube are concentric and constitute the electronic type voltage transformer of coaxial cylindrical capacitor voltage divider principle, the columnar metal ring is a low-field electrode, welding or holding electrical are connected a lead respectively on low-field electrode and double layer screen tube internal layer, export as the voltage transformer secondary sensing; The lead of the output lead of electric current secondary winding and the output of voltage transformer secondary sensing is connected with the electric current and the voltage channel input of signal condition modulation circuit respectively, and DC power supply links to each other with the power input of signal condition modulation circuit.The power of low-power ironcore choke is what are clearly stipulated in the IEC standard, is the interior formulation of a kind of industry that everybody gives tacit consent to.
Combined independent electronic type current of the present invention, voltage transformer comprise an inverted SF with hollow coil or low-power ironcore choke and the alternative conventional iron wire-core coil of hollow coil
6Gas insulated high voltage current transformer and utilize electronic type voltage transformer that same insulation system, employing coaxial cylindrical capacitance partial pressure principle constitute, be positioned at earthy signal condition modulation circuit and DC power supply.Concrete parts comprise secondary winding binding post, the SF on double layer screen tube, rupture disk, base and the base of housing, insulating sleeve, lead-in wire shielded-plate tube, supporting insulator or disc insulator, Primary Conductor, electric current secondary winding, low-field electrode, ground electrode
6Gas density controller, SF
6Inflation inlet and pipeline valve, signal condition modulation circuit, DC power supply is characterized in that:
1, this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer comprise between the inner surface of Primary Conductor and double layer screen tube internal layer and and Primary Conductor, the concentric columnar metal ring of double layer screen tube, this columnar metal ring is the low-field electrode of electronic type voltage transformer, Primary Conductor is a high-field electrode, the double layer screen tube is a ground electrode, high-field electrode and low-field electrode all are positioned at the shield that ground connection double layer screen tube constitutes, and this special double shield structure can reduce the influence of extraneous distributed capacitance and stray capacitance greatly.Electric capacity between the low-field electrode of Primary Conductor and structure constitutes high-voltage capacitance, just the electric capacity between the ground electrode is as sampling capacitor for the inner surface of low-field electrode and double layer screen tube internal layer, and the signal of telecommunication on it is the output of secondary sensing or the sampled signal of this voltage transformer.
2, the shared inverted SF of the voltage transformer of this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer and current transformer
6The insulation of gas insulated high voltage current transformer.
3, the electric current secondary winding of this combined independent current transformer adopts hollow coil to substitute secondary winding unshakable in one's determination or adopts lower powered ironcore choke as current measurement; hollow coil is as protection; the output of hollow coil or lower powered ironcore choke are output as the secondary output signal of this current transformer, and the electric current secondary winding is positioned at earth potential.
4, the secondary singal output of the electric current of this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer and voltage sensor part is all transmitted in the lead-in wire shielded-plate tube of a ground connection, can reduce the influence of outside electromagnetic interference to transmission line greatly.
5, this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer also comprise and are positioned at earthy signal condition modulation circuit and DC power supply, and DC power supply directly gives the power supply of signal condition modulation circuit with cable, no longer adopt light power supply or CT power supply.
6, the secondary singal of the current transformer of this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer and voltage transformer exports the signal condition modulation circuit to, this circuit is arranged in earth potential double layer screen tube, after signal transformation become digital optical signal, with transferring to the optical fiber connector that are fixed on the base downwards in the ground lead shielded-plate tube of optical fiber from insulated porcelain sleeve or synthetic insulator cover, this optical signal transmission maybe can be needed this electric current, voltage signal place to the control room with optical fiber or optical cable then.At this moment, the dc supply of this signal condition modulation circuit also is arranged in earth potential double layer screen tube, and available cable will exchange or DC power supply transfers to the earth potential shielding cylinder from base by the ground lead shielded-plate tube insulated porcelain sleeve or the synthetic insulator cover.Thereby exempted the light power supply.
7, the output of the secondary singal of the current transformer of this combined independent electronic type current, voltage transformer and voltage transformer also can be without conversion, directly with transferring to the secondary electric connecting terminals that is fixed on the base downwards in the ground lead shielded-plate tube of cable from insulated porcelain sleeve or synthetic insulator cover, again by the electric connecting terminals input signal conditioning modulation circuit on the base, at this moment, signal condition modulation circuit and dc supply all are positioned at SF
6Outside the air seal, not only exempt the light power supply, be more conducive to the maintenance and the maintenance of dc supply, signal condition modulation circuit.
Voltage transformer transducing part principle of the present invention, see Fig. 2: at the coaxial capacitance structure of structure, according to the principle of cylindrical capacitor:
Suppose that the voltage on the high-field electrode is u, the diameter of high-field electrode is d, and the signal of interlayer is u in low-field electrode and the double layer screen tube
o, the diameter of low tension polar ring is D, and the ring height is b, and the electric capacity between high-field electrode and low-field electrode is C1, and the electric capacity between the inner surface of low-field electrode and double layer screen tube internal layer is C2.
Wherein:
Consider that the electric charge that gathers on the ground capacity of column electric capacity ring behind the system short-circuit does not discharge if also have fully when reclosing; an error component will superpose on system works voltage; to have influence on the correctness of measurement result and the correct operation of protective relaying device when serious; therefore it is in parallel with C2 to choose a small resistor R; to eliminate the influence of these factors; R<<1/ (ω C2), ω is the frequency of tested alternating voltage.Wherein the signal between low-field electrode and the double layer screen tube internal layer is:
As seen, the transducing signal of voltage transformer of the present invention output u
oBe directly proportional with the time-derivative of tested voltage u on the high-field electrode, therefore adopt the signal condition modulation circuit u
oCarry out the analog or digital integration and can obtain u
oValue.
The function of signal condition modulation circuit is: the electric current and the voltage channel input that current transformer hollow coil secondary winding of the present invention output and voltage transformer secondary sensing output signal are input to the signal condition modulation circuit respectively, respectively this electric current, voltage signal integration are amplified reduction again, if the electric current secondary winding is the low-power ironcore choke, then only need to amplify; Then through becoming the digital light pulse signal after mould/transformation of variables and the light-to-current inversion, so that transfer to the follow up device place with optical fiber.
Particularly: the present invention has following technique effect:
1, the electronic current mutual inductor sensor coil of combined independent electronic type current of the present invention, voltage transformer and signal condition modulation circuit all are positioned at earth potential, compare with present existing active electronic current transformer, do not need light power supply or CT power supply, improve reliability greatly, reduced cost.
2, the electronic current mutual inductor of combined independent electronic type current of the present invention, voltage transformer adopts hollow coil as current measurement and protection, does not contain any iron core, can be unsaturated.Also can adopt lower powered ironcore choke as current measurement, hollow coil is protected, and the range of linearity of measurement is broad also.
3, the electronic type voltage transformer of combined independent electronic type current of the present invention, voltage transformer, the ground electrode that utilizes the double layer screen tube of the high-pressure conductor of inverted gas insulated high voltage current transformer and internal layer, outer electrical communication to constitute, construct coaxial cylindrical capacitor dividing potential drop dexterously, compare with general electronic type voltage transformer, overcome the shortcoming that multistage capacitances in series dividing potential drop mode is subject to the distributed capacitance variable effect that the external environment factor causes, the certainty of measurement height, good stability; Compare with the conventional voltage instrument transformer, sensing principle is different fully, does not contain iron core, does not have the threat of resonance overvoltage.
4, combined independent electronic type current of the present invention, voltage transformer utilize same Main Insulation Structure of Electric to constitute combined electrical minor electric current, voltage transformer dexterously, thereby greatly reduce cost.
Embodiment
General structure of the present invention has adopted the structure of inverted gas insulated high voltage current transformer as shown in Figure 1a.Electric current secondary winding 1 is placed in the earth potential shielding cylinder 5 of double layer screen tube internal layer 2 and outer 3 formations of double layer screen tube, and be fixed on the housing 7 through supporting insulator 6, Primary Conductor 8 is flatly traversed electric current secondary winding 1 and is fixed on the housing 7, Primary Conductor 8 left ends and housing 7 are electrically connected, right-hand member insulate with housing 7 on electric through sealing ring and insulating case 9, the top of housing 7 also is equipped with rupture disk 4, can be used for discharging too high SF
6Air pressure, protection housing 7 and insulating sleeve 14; Be fixed on the inner surface of double layer screen tube internal layer 2 columnar metal ring 10 by insulating material 11 on electric with the inner surface insulation of double layer screen tube internal layer 2, and this columnar metal ring 10 is concentric with Primary Conductor 8 and double layer screen tube, and this columnar metal ring 10 is a low-field electrode.Weld out a lead (12,13) on low-field electrode 10 and double layer screen tube internal layer 2 respectively, these two leads (12,13) are formed the voltage transformer secondary sensing output sampled signal of this combination transformer; Primary Conductor 8, electric current secondary winding 1, double layer screen tube internal layer 2, double layer screen tube skin 3, columnar metal ring 10 and housing 7 constitute this instrument transformer device body and place insulating sleeve 14 tops, and 14 of insulating sleeves are loaded on the base 15; The output lead of above-mentioned electric current secondary winding 1 and voltage transformer secondary sensing output lead (12,13) are drawn through base 15 and the secondary terminal sealed wiring dish 17 from base 15 down from lead-in wire shielded-plate tube 18; Double layer screen tube internal layer 2, double layer screen tube outer 3 and lead-in wire shielded-plate tube 18 all are electrically connected by lead and the earth that passes lead-in wire shielded-plate tube 18 simultaneously.Be filled with SF in this structure of the present invention
6Gas 19,10 of Primary Conductor 8 and electric current secondary winding 1 and low-field electrodes are SF
6Gas-insulated.7 of the housings of electric current secondary winding 1 and high potential also can be used disc insulator for the supporting insulator 6 of poured with epoxy resin solid insulation.Also be provided with SF on the base 15
6 Gas density controller 20, SF
6 Inflation inlet 21 and pipeline valve 22 etc. are used for inflation and monitor SF
6Gas density is used.
The signal condition modulation circuit that signal condition modulation circuit 23 adopts electronic current on the existing market, voltage transformer to use always.DC power supply 24 is also bought from the market.
Signal condition modulation circuit 23 and DC power supply 24 all are positioned at SF among Fig. 1 a
6In the earth shield box 25 outside the air seal;
Signal condition modulation circuit 23 and DC power supply 24 are arranged in the earth potential shielding cylinder 5 that double shielding electode constitutes among Fig. 1 b.
The output of the secondary singal of current transformer of the present invention and voltage transformer is directly with the electric wiring terminal that transfers to the secondary terminal sealed wiring dish 17 that is fixed on the base 15 in the ground lead shielded-plate tube 18 of cable from insulated porcelain sleeve 14 or synthetic insulator cover 14 downwards among Fig. 1 a, again by electric wiring terminal input signal conditioning modulation circuit 23, at this moment and DC power supply 24 all be positioned at SF
6In the outer earth shield box 25 of air seal, this shielding box can be fixed on the base outer wall, and the input of the power supply of DC power supply 24 can be and exchanges or the direct current input, by cable 16 from the control room or the scene supply with on the spot.Not only exempt the light power supply, be more conducive to the maintenance and the maintenance of DC power supply 24, signal condition modulation circuit 23.
The secondary singal of current transformer of the present invention and voltage transformer exports the signal condition modulation circuit 23 of electronic mutual inductor among Fig. 1 b, this circuit is positioned at double layer screen tube internal layer 2, in the earth potential shielding cylinder 5 that double layer screen tube outer 3 constitutes, after signal transformation become digital optical signal, the optical fiber connector 27 with transferring to the secondary terminal sealed wiring dish 17 that is fixed on the base 7 in the ground lead shielded-plate tube 18 of optical fiber 26 from insulated porcelain sleeve 14 or synthetic insulator cover downwards can maybe need this current and voltage signals place with this optical signal transmission with optical fiber 26 or optical cable then to the control room.At this moment, the DC power supply 24 of this signal condition modulation circuit 23 also is arranged in earth potential shielding cylinder 5, and the electrical power that available cable 16 needs DC power supply 24 transfers to the input of the DC power supply 24 in the earth potential shielding cylinder 5 from base 7 by the ground lead shielded-plate tube 18 insulated porcelain sleeve 14 or the synthetic insulator cover 14.Advantage is to exempt the light power supply, and the synchronous signal antijamming capability is very strong.