CN100453582C - Friction materials for high-speed train braking and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Friction materials for high-speed train braking and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a friction material for the braking of high speed trains, and a preparation method of the friction material. The present invention is characterized in that the friction material is prepared from the following components: 5 to 10 portions by weight of rubber, 0.2 to 0.6 portion by weight of rubber ingredient, 5 to 12 portions by weight of resin, 40 to 50 portions by weight of friction powder, 8 to 13 portions by weight of fiber material, 2 to 7 portions by weight of inorganic filler, 0.5 to 1 portion by weight of melamine cyanurate, wherein the inorganic filler is prepared from didymia rare-earth powdered ore and lanthanum-enriched rare earth chloride powdered ore. The preparation method comprises the preparation of a molding material, molding forming and post-treatment. In the present invention, the melamine cyanurate with self lubricity and high fire retardance is used as an additive, and the degeneration of high temperature performance of the friction material is reduced; the rare earth powdered ore which can stabilize friction is added, and the synergistic effect among fillers is improved; the molding material is prepared by a rubber refining technology. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of simple technology, suitability for industrial production and no environmental pollution, noise or nuisance.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of friction materials, particularly disclose friction materials for high-speed train braking that a kind of frictional coefficient is moderate, wear-resisting, temperature tolerance is good and preparation method thereof.This friction materials can be widely used in brake facing in the breaking system such as making bullet train, urban track traffic, subway, brake lining, brake shoe etc.
Two, background technology:
The Train brake brake lining is one of vitals of whole drift stop, it plays crucial effects to the braking ability of train, the disc brake brake lining of bullet train particularly, not only require it that stable great friction coefficient is arranged, and have good wear resistance, temperature tolerance under braking, the high Frotteurism at a high speed, and require the retarding disc not damaged, brake noise is low etc.
China Railway speed rose to 160km/h in 1998, and the travelling speed of High Speed Train in China can be higher than 200km/h from now on, but that the friction materials that China produces voluntarily has a temperature tolerance is relatively poor, shortcomings such as performance degradation is more serious under braking at a high speed.Chinese patent CN1690467A, CN1670113A have disclosed the friction materials that is used for the vehicles such as automobile, the employed toughener of this class material is various organic fibres, matrix is styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) or resol, and be added with the various mineral fillers such as the agent that rubs, anti-friction composition that increase, but the over-all properties of material is not ideal, and wear resistance, temperature tolerance can not satisfy the high at a high speed bullet train applying working condition that carries.Chinese patent CN1206080A, world patent W08909889, the toughener of the train friction materials that DE4135389 etc. reported also is various fibers, its matrix is thermoplasticity/heat-reactive phenolic resin, rubber or Rubber-Plastics Blends, and be added with various fillers such as silicate, but problem such as this class friction materials still exists that wear resistance is relatively poor, the frictional behaviour decline is more serious under the high temperature.
Three, summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of stable friction factor, wear resistance are good, resistant to elevated temperatures friction materials for high-speed train braking and preparation method thereof, the breeze, melamine cyanurate etc. of selecting rare earths such as containing praseodymium, neodymium, lanthanum for use are as filler, utilize the synergy between various fillers, and the friction powder that adopts the surface modification parcel to handle is a friction regulator, improve stable friction factor, wear resistance, the temperature tolerance of material, obtained the friction materials of excellent combination property.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of friction materials for high-speed train braking, material component comprises rubber, rubber ingredients, resin, the friction powder, filamentary material and mineral filler, described mineral filler comprises ferric oxide, carbon black, titanium dioxide, Manganse Dioxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), it is characterized in that: material component also comprises melamine cyanurate, mineral filler also comprises praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide breeze, the lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride breeze, the weight part proportioning of each component is: 5～10 parts of rubber, 8～13 parts of filamentary materials, 0.2～0.6 part of rubber ingredients, 2～7 parts of mineral fillers, 5～12 parts of resins, 0.5～1 part of melamine cyanurate, 40～50 parts in friction powder;
Described friction powder is a matrix with the Rubber-Plastics Blends, and the mixed friction that contains the mineral filler of choosing 5～8 kinds of equivalent addings in calcium oxide, cupric sulfide, molybdenumdisulphide, chromite powder, graphite, mica, aluminium sesquioxide, silicon carbide, Red copper oxide, lime carbonate, potter's clay, barium oxide, the silica is adjusted agent.
Described rubber is paracril or styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR).Described rubber ingredients are chosen 5～8 kinds in stearic acid, zinc oxide, anti-aging agent, sulphur, dicumyl peroxide, barium sulfate, promotor, light magnesium oxide.Described resin is chosen a kind of in novolac resin, heat-reactive phenolic resin, modified phenolic resins.Described filamentary material is chosen at least a in steel fiber, aramid fiber, copper fiber, ceramic fiber, potassium titanate crystal whisker.
The preparation technology of friction materials of the present invention comprises preparation, compression molding, the aftertreatment of molding compound, and concrete steps are as follows:
A) by the proportioning weighing raw materials;
B) molding compound preparation: adopt mill to refine the rubber and the rubber ingredients of described ratio, the resin that adds described ratio then is mixing; The friction powder, filamentary material, mineral filler and the melamine cyanurate that add described ratio at last are mixing, mix back lower roll thin-pass, with high speed disintegrator molded tablet are crushed to particle diameter less than 1mm, again 80～100 ℃ of following drying treatment;
C) compression molding: molding compound and metal-ware that drying is handled are put into mould, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1.5～2.2min/mm, depanning while hot under 140～170 ℃ and pressure 2～10MPa;
D) aftertreatment: the compression molding goods were handled 4～9 hours down at 160～180 ℃, promptly be can be made into required friction materials.
Detect (Ministry of Railways product quality supervision and inspection center) through D-MS constant speed test (according to GB5763-1998), brake power test in 1: 1, this product is stable friction performance under high temperature, high speed, and there is not obvious frictional behaviour decay at hot stage, high temperature friction back product appearance down is in good condition, there is not broken phenomenon, wear resistance is better than German imported product, to not scratch of retarding disc, is applicable to the disc braking brake lining of bullet train.
Compare with prior art, principal feature of the present invention is:
1) selecting the melamine cyanurate with self lubricity and good flame resistance for use is additive, has reduced the high-temperature behavior decline property of friction materials;
2) add the rare earth breeze that to stablize friction, improved the synergy between filler;
3) adopt rubber refining prepared molding compound, have the advantage that technology is simple, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and non-environmental-pollution, noiselessness, nuisanceless.
Four, embodiment:
Embodiment 1, and its component and weight part proportioning are:
7 parts in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR); 1 part of ferric oxide
0.2 part of rubber ingredients; 0.3 part of titanium dioxide
8 parts of heat-reactive phenolic resins; 0.3 part of praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide
40 parts in friction powder; 0.3 part in Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan)
10 parts of steel fibers; 1.0 parts of melamine cyanurates
Concrete step of preparation process is as follows:
1) takes by weighing raw material by prescription;
2) preparation of molding compound: adopt mill to carry out the mastication of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), the good back of refining adds rubber ingredients, and it is mixing to add heat-reactive phenolic resin then; Mixing even back adds friction powder, steel fiber, ferric oxide, titanium dioxide, praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide breeze, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), melamine cyanurate, mixes back thin-pass lower roll, and the thickness of molded tablet is about 1mm; With high speed disintegrator molded tablet is crushed to particle diameter less than 1mm, again 90 ± 5 ℃ of following drying treatment;
3) compression molding: molding compound and metal-ware that drying is handled are put into mould, heat-insulation pressure keeping 2.0min/mm, depanning while hot under 160 ℃ and pressure 6MPa;
4) aftertreatment: the compression molding goods can be produced the bullet train friction materials after handling 9 hours under 170 ℃.
Embodiment 2, and its component and weight part proportioning are:
8 parts of paracrils; 5 parts of copper fibers
0.2 part of rubber ingredients; 4 parts of aramid fibers
12 parts of novolac resins; 0.5 part of ferric oxide
46 parts in friction powder; 2 parts of carbon blacks
0.3 part in aluminum oxide; 0.5 part of Manganse Dioxide
3 parts in 0.5 part of Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) of melamine cyanurate
0.2 part of 4 parts of lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride of steel fiber
Concrete step of preparation process is as follows:
1) takes by weighing raw material by prescription;
2) preparation of molding compound: adopt mill to carry out the mastication of paracril, the good back of refining adds rubber ingredients, and it is mixing to add novolac resin then; Mixing even back adds friction powder, aluminum oxide, melamine cyanurate, copper fiber, aramid fiber, ferric oxide, carbon black, and Manganse Dioxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride mix back thin-pass lower roll, and the thickness of molded tablet is about 1mm; With high speed disintegrator molded tablet is crushed to particle diameter less than 1mm, again 90 ± 5 ℃ of following drying treatment;
3) compression molding: molding compound and metal-ware that drying is handled are put into mould, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1.6min/mm, depanning while hot under 165 ℃ and pressure 2MPa;
4) aftertreatment: the compression molding goods can be produced the bullet train friction materials after handling 5 hours under 180 ℃.
Embodiment 3, and its component and weight part proportioning are:
9 parts in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR); 7 parts of potassium titanate crystal whiskers
0.3 part of rubber ingredients; 1 part in graphite
9 parts of heat-reactive phenolic resins; 2 parts of ferric oxide
45 parts in friction powder; 0.3 part in Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan)
5 parts of copper fibers; 0.3 part of melamine cyanurate
1 part in zinc oxide; 0.3 part of praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide
0.3 part of 0.3 part of lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride of magnesium oxide
Concrete step of preparation process is as follows:
1) takes by weighing raw material by prescription;
2) preparation of molding compound: adopt mill to carry out the mastication of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR), the good back of refining adds rubber ingredients, and it is mixing to add heat-reactive phenolic resin then; Mixing even back adds friction powder, copper fiber, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium titanate crystal whisker, graphite, ferric oxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), melamine cyanurate, praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide, lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride, mix back thin-pass lower roll, the thickness of molded tablet is about 1mm; With high speed disintegrator molded tablet is crushed to particle diameter less than 1mm, again 90 ± 5 ℃ of following drying treatment;
3) compression molding: molding compound and metal-ware that drying is handled are put into mould, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1.8min/mm, depanning while hot under 157 ℃ and pressure 5MPa;
4) aftertreatment: the compression molding goods can be produced the bullet train friction materials after handling 9 hours under 170 ℃.
Table 1, table 2 have provided the The performance test results of product of the present invention and external like product.
Table 1, D-MS fixed speed fricting test test result (GB5763-1998)
Table 2, physical and mechanical properties are relatively
| Sample | Germany's product | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Density, g/cm 3 | 2.58 | 2.53 | 2.56 | 2.57 |
| Rockwell hardness | 58.8 | 62.5 | 64.4 | 63.7 |
| Shock strength, kJ/cm 2 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
Claims (4)
1. friction materials for high-speed train braking, material component comprises rubber, rubber ingredients, resin, friction powder, filamentary material and mineral filler, described mineral filler comprises ferric oxide, carbon black, titanium dioxide, Manganse Dioxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), it is characterized in that: material component also comprises melamine cyanurate, mineral filler also comprises praseodymium neodymium rare earth oxide breeze, lanthanum concentrate rare earth chloride breeze, and the weight part proportioning of each component is:
5～10 parts of rubber, 8～13 parts of filamentary materials, 0.2～0.6 part of rubber ingredients, 2～7 parts of mineral fillers,
5～12 parts of resins, 0.5～1 part of melamine cyanurate, 40～50 parts in friction powder;
Described friction powder is a matrix with the Rubber-Plastics Blends, and the mixed friction that contains the mineral filler of choosing 5～8 kinds of equivalent addings in calcium oxide, cupric sulfide, molybdenumdisulphide, chromite powder, graphite, mica, aluminium sesquioxide, silicon carbide, Red copper oxide, lime carbonate, potter's clay, barium oxide, the silica is adjusted agent;
Described rubber is paracril or styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR); Described resin is chosen a kind of in novolac resin, heat-reactive phenolic resin.
2. friction materials for high-speed train braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rubber ingredients are chosen 5～8 kinds in stearic acid, zinc oxide, anti-aging agent, sulphur, dicumyl peroxide, barium sulfate, promotor, light magnesium oxide.
3. friction materials for high-speed train braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described filamentary material is chosen at least a in steel fiber, aramid fiber, copper fiber, ceramic fiber, potassium titanate crystal whisker.
4. the preparation method of a friction materials for high-speed train braking as claimed in claim 1 comprises preparation, compression molding, the aftertreatment of molding compound, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A) by the proportioning weighing raw materials;
B) preparation of molding compound: adopt mill to refine the rubber and the rubber ingredients of described ratio, the resin that adds described ratio then is mixing; The friction powder, filamentary material, mineral filler and the melamine cyanurate that add described ratio at last are mixing, mix back lower roll thin-pass, with high speed disintegrator molded tablet are crushed to particle diameter less than 1mm, again 80～100 ℃ of following drying treatment;
C) compression molding: molding compound and metal-ware that drying is handled are put into mould, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1.5～2.2min/mm, depanning while hot under 140～170 ℃ and pressure 2～10MPa;
D) aftertreatment: the compression molding goods were handled 4～9 hours down at 160～180 ℃, promptly be can be made into required friction materials.
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