CN100452502C - Non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell - Google Patents
Non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a non-aqueous solution lithium-iron disulfide primary battery which has the technical scheme that a metal foil of a current collector of a positive plate is coated with a porous positive electrode active material which is composed of FeS2, an electric conducting material and an adhesive, metallic lithium is adopted as a negative electrode active material, a high purity PE membrane or a PE/PP composite membrane is adopted as a battery membrane, and a non-aqueous electrolyte is adopted as an electrolyte of the battery. The present invention is characterized in that the mean grain size of the positive electrode active material is less than 40 microns, and the specific surface area of a BET ranges from 0.8 to 10 m<2>/g. The battery has the advantage of good discharge performance, and is particularly suitable for heavy load discharge occasions, such as digital products, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disposable battery, is a kind of lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell.
Background technology
At the beginning of 21 century, along with the arrival of time of cell-phone, popularize rapidly with the various digital products headed by the digital camera, as the power source of these digital products obligato be the good battery of heavy current pulse discharge performance.In order to adapt to this requirement, each alkaline Mn cell producer of the whole world has carried out various researchs to the alkaline battery heavy-current discharge performance.In recent years, resemble the M3 that the Duracell releases, the G series battery that the great current cell that the e2 that Energizer is released, Panasonic release, FDK release etc. have all had certain improvement aspect heavy-current discharge performance.But according to the result who carries out market survey, digital camera user's the life-span to alkaline dry battery over half exists discontented.This explanation, in the digital age, alkaline dry battery can not meet the demands at aspect of performance.
In March, 2002, Japanese Toshiba and PANASONIC take the lead in having released " a new generation " nickel dry cell, and this battery combines the convenience of primary cell and the high output performance of secondary cell, is used for digital camera, and the life-span is 3～5 times of alkaline battery.But it is big that this battery exists the capacity rate of descent, the shortcoming that storage life is short, and this is that person's character by this material of hydroxy nickel oxide is determined.Though Study on Additive has also been carried out a lot, generally speaking, the rate of descent of zinc-nickel cell still can not be satisfactory.
Development of times requires to occur a kind of performance battery more superior than zinc-nickel cell, this cell voltage system can be compatible with alkaline Mn cell and zinc-nickel cell, more superior than zinc-nickel cell aspect heavy-current discharge, and it is more superior than alkaline Mn cell aspect low discharging current, that is to say can compatible alkaline Mn cell and the advantage of zinc-nickel cell, but again all also will good battery than these two kinds of batteries.1.5V Li/FeS
2Battery has exactly just satisfied this requirement.
Li/FeS
2Battery belongs to primary cell, and operating voltage is 1.5V, the anodal FeS that uses
2Be active material, directly use pyrite to get final product, raw material sources are abundant, and are cheap; Negative pole uses metal Li to be active material, uses the organic electrolyte of Li salt as solute; The takeup type structure.
This battery has following remarkable advantage:
1. occasion can be used, most of electrical appliances can be used at any use 1.5V primary cell;
2. long service life, especially under the situation of medium and heavy load, as its 1500/650mW, its discharge time reaches more than 500, is 8～10 times of alkaline battery in the pulsed discharge of final voltage 1.05V (this is a kind of a kind of discharge mode that digital camera uses that imitates).It is more than the 3000mAh that 1000mA is even put capacity.
3. temperature performance is good, and operating temperature range is-20 ℃～60 ℃;
4. voltage platform height, discharge curve is steady;
5. good leakproof energy;
6. stored 10 years under the room temperature, performance is still good;
7. the battery than other kinds is light;
8. do not have mercury, unleaded, no cadmium, belong to Green Product.
Yet, though this Li/FeS
2Battery has above-mentioned plurality of advantages, but because time of occurrence is short, also has manyly can improve part, for example further improves its charge-discharge performance, is still an emphasis of this battery research work.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell is provided, this primary cell has than the higher discharge performance of like product in the market.
The present invention adopts following technology technical scheme: a kind of non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell, and by FeS
2With the porous positive electrode active materials that electric conducting material and binding agent are formed, this positive electrode is coated on the metal forming as collector; As negative electrode active material, as battery diaphragm, nonaqueous electrolytic solution is as battery electrolyte with high-purity PE film or PE/PP composite membrane with lithium metal, and the porosity of the porous positive electrode active materials on the positive plate is 10～40%; Positive active material FeS
2Average grain diameter less than 40 μ m, the BET specific area is 0.8～10m
2/ g.
Preferred execution mode is: described positive active material FeS
2Purity more than or equal to 95%, the pH value is (QB/T2629-2004 appendix P distillation water law is surveyed the pH values) more than or equal to 4.
As further improvement, be to adopt average grain diameter to be FeS smaller or equal to 25 μ m
2
Positive active material FeS
2Specific area influence the discharge performance of battery equally, as the FeS that adopts
2The BET specific area be 0.95～5m
2Good especially during/g.
Another index that influences cell discharge performance is positive active material FeS
2Purity and pH value, preferably described positive active material FeS
2Purity more than or equal to 90%, its pH value is more than or equal to 2; More preferably described positive active material FeS
2Purity more than or equal to 95%, the pH value is more than or equal to 4.
FeS
2Material should sieve through 325 orders, to guarantee that no bulky grain exists, guarantees carrying out smoothly of the work of applying.
Electric conducting material should be selected the mixture of Delanium and acetylene black for use, and Delanium has good electric conductivity, uses the KS of TIMCAL company or MX series graphite to get final product.Acetylene black is loose, can provide cathode sheets certain porosity, helps ion migration transmission.
The making of negative electrode need provide the slurry of certain performance to apply, and this just needs to use adhesive.Said adhesive is that PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) is dissolved in the solvent, PVDF uses the KYANR 761 of ATOFINA, or the KratonG1651 of GLS Corp., solvent can use one or more among NMP (N-methyl pyrrolidone), shellsol OMS, the shellsol A100.Take all factors into consideration the influence of adhesive to coating quality, cell resistance etc., used PVDF concentration is preferably 5～10wt%.And the mass concentration of PVDF in the positive electrode active materials prescription is 3～8%.When being made into slurry, viscosity at the 3000-5000 centipoise for well.Measure viscosity and use Brookfield power viscosimeter, No. 7 rotors, rotating speed 50RPM.
During production, the slurry that stirs is coated on the plus plate current-collecting body metal aluminum foil, baking operation is arranged in coating procedure, the solvent evaporation in the slurry is come out, what the active material after applying so just can uniform drying is attached on the collector.Coating procedure can adopt intermittent application or apply continuously, and the two sides of collector all needs to apply.
In sum, (weight ratio) composed as follows on the coated positive plate:
FeS
2：85～95％
Graphite: 2.7～10%
Acetylene black: 0.3～2%;
PVDF：2～10％。
Coated pole piece when guaranteeing that positive electrode material closely contacts with collector, can guarantee the tight contact between the active material through roll-in, prevents to reach in assembling process that active material comes off in the discharge process of battery.But neither press real more well more, because after the discharge, because the generation of discharging product, battery can expand, and therefore also will have certain hole to hold discharging product.The compression ratio of positive plate is controlled between the 20-40%.Porosity is controlled between 10～40%, preferably is controlled between 25～35%.
After the roll-in positive plate branch is cut to desired specification,, just can enters in the dry atmosphere and assemble through after the vacuumize.
Anode, negative electrode and the barrier film that matches are reeled together, when coiling body reaches the diameter of design in advance, use outer band that coiling body is wrapped, put into the plastic insulation sheet in the bottom, insert in box hat or the suitable container, the anode lug is welded on the box hat bottom, and the anode ear pole material is nickel plated steel strip or nickel strap.Annotate electrolyte then.
Electrolyte system can be selected for use:
LiClO4(0.5～1.0M)/PC(50WT％)/DC(50wt％)
LiI(0.3～1M)/DX(40wt％)/DME(30wt％)/SFL(30wt％)
LiTFS(0.5～1M)I/THF(70wt％)/DME(30wt％)
LiTHS(0.5～1.0M)/PC(40wt％)/DME(60wt％)
LiTFS(0.5～1.0M)/THF(70wt％)/DME(30wt％)
LiTFS(0.3～0.7M)/LiTFSI(0.3～0.7M)/DME(80wt％)/SFL(20wt％)
The present invention is by control positive active material FeS
2Granularity, specific area, purity and pH value, make the amplification performance of this non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell be improved, to 0.9V, discharge time is greater than 610 times in the 1500/650mW pulsed discharge, 1A connects and is put into 0.8V greater than 3078mAh.Be specially adapted to the occasion of heavy load discharges such as digital utensil.
Description of drawings
The different battery 1.5W/0.65W of Fig. 1 pulsed discharge comparison diagram.
Fig. 2 is different battery 1000m discharge comparison diagrams.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
Scheme 1: the FeS that gets the different pH values of different purity
2, make positive electrode active materials with electric conducting material and binding agent, wherein electric conducting material is graphite and acetylene black, and binding agent is PVDF, and the weight ratio of positive electrode is: FeS
285%～95%, electric conducting material graphite 2.7%～10% and acetylene black 0.3～2%, binding agent PVDF2～10%.Earlier with FeS
2, graphite, acetylene black dry mixing mixes, and adds then and dissolved good PVDF solution (being dissolved among the NMP), carries out wet-mixing again.The viscosity of measuring slurry is coated in anodal active slurry on the aluminium foil, and makes positive pole through oven dry, roll-in after cutting in 3000～5000 centipoise scope the time.Negative pole is a lithium metal, adopts Cellgard 2400 barrier films, and electrolyte adopts LiI, and (0.3～1M)/DX (40wt%)/DME (30wt%)/SFL (30wt%) system makes battery, eliminates voltage delay through pre-arcing.Connect mode playback with 1500/650mW pulsed discharge and 1A, investigate the discharge performance of battery, the results are shown in Table 1.
FeS
2The assay method of pH value be: in the 200ml beaker, add 90 gram deionized waters and restrain FeS with 10
2, with magnetic stirrer 5 minutes, stop to stir, leave standstill allow powder be deposited to beaker bottom fully after, measure pH value.
Table 1:FeS
2The discharge performance data of purity and pH value and battery
Conclusion: as can be seen from Table 1, the discharge performance of battery is along with FeS
2The purity and the rising of pH value and raising, when purity 〉=90%, pH 〉=2, can obtain more satisfactory discharge performance, when purity 〉=95%, pH 〉=4, can obtain better discharge performance.
Scheme 2: getting purity is 90%, and the pH value is 4, but the different FeS of granularity
2, to make battery and detect its electrical property according to scheme 1 said method, it the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2:FeS
2The discharge performance data of particle mean size and battery
| FeS 2Particle mean size (μ m) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 1.05V (inferior) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 0.9V (inferior) | 1A even is put into 0.8V (mAh) | |
| Example 16 | 50 | 517 | 520 | 2912 |
| Example 17 | 45 | 538 | 544 | 2987 |
| Example 18 | 40 | 569 | 572 | 3012 |
| Example 19 | 35 | 580 | 583 | 3023 |
| Example 20 | 30 | 601 | 609 | 3038 |
| Example 21 | 25 | 632 | 638 | 3071 |
| Example 22 | 20 | 658 | 664 | 3089 |
| Example 23 | 15 | 680 | 699 | 3119 |
| Example 24 | 10 | 713 | 719 | 3126 |
| Example 25 | 5 | 715 | 724 | 3125 |
| Example 26 | 2 | 719 | 726 | 3128 |
Scheme 3: getting the pH value is 4, the FeS that the BET specific area is different
2, to make battery and detect its electrical property according to scheme 1 said method, gained the results are shown in Table 3.
| FeS 2BET specific area (m 2/g) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 1.05V (inferior) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 0.9V (inferior) | 1A even is put into 0.8V (mAh) | |
| Example 27 | 0.51 | 538 | 544 | 2987 |
| Example 28 | 1 | 680 | 699 | 3119 |
| Example 29 | 2 | 713 | 719 | 3126 |
| Example 30 | 4 | 718 | 727 | 3133 |
| Example 31 | 8 | 723 | 731 | 3169 |
| Example 32 | 10 | 728 | 739 | 3192 |
Annotate: do not have the bigger FeS of contrast table area
2Testing, is to surpass 10m because also can not get the BET specific area at present
2The FeS of/g
2
Scheme 4: getting same particle size is that 20 μ m, pH value are 4 FeS
2, make anode sizing agent by the prescription of scheme 1, by control coating thickness and roll-in gap, make the pole piece (thickness is identical) of different porosities, all the other make battery by scheme 1, measure its discharge performance, and it the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: porosity and discharge data
| Porosity (%) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 1.05V (inferior) | The 1500/650mW pulsed discharge is to 0.9V (inferior) | 1A even is put into 0.8V (mAh) | |
| Example 33 | 50％ | 432 | 483 | 2540 |
| Example 34 | 45％ | 545 | 579 | 2785 |
| Example 35 | 40％ | 595 | 612 | 2998 |
| Example 36 | 35％ | 616 | 629 | 3024 |
| Example 37 | 30％ | 639 | 648 | 3086 |
| Example 38 | 25％ | 673 | 685 | 3099 |
| Example 39 | 20％ | 687 | 699 | 3112 |
| Example 40 | 15％ | 679 | 687 | 3103 |
| Example 41 | 10％ | 621 | 629 | 3029 |
In the above on the basis of example, with battery of the present invention with alkaline battery and market on the similar battery bought discharge scenario relatively.The discharge data of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 similar battery that to be example 23 batteries buy with alkaline battery and market.Therefrom find: battery of the present invention obviously is better than alkaline battery under big capacity discharging condition, also superior than the similar battery that can buy on the market.From discharge curve, can obviously find out lithium/FeS
2The dominance of battery: no matter be that 1500/650mW pulsed discharge or 1000mA are even put lithium/FeS
2The discharge platform of battery is all steady than alkaline battery, and average discharge volt is higher; 1.05V above discharge capacity is superior especially, and therefore this voltage battery final voltage when using on many digital products, more has practicality.Simultaneously, it can also be seen that from figure that battery of the present invention is better than the similar battery performance of buying on the market.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell, the collector metal forming of positive plate is coated with by FeS
2Porous positive electrode active materials with electric conducting material and binding agent composition; As negative electrode active material, as battery diaphragm, nonaqueous electrolytic solution is characterized in that as battery electrolyte: the porosity of the porous positive electrode active materials on the described positive plate is 10～40% with high-purity PE film or PE/PP composite membrane with lithium metal; Described positive active material FeS
2Average grain diameter less than 40 μ m, the BET specific area is 0.8～10m
2/ g.
2, non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described positive active material FeS
2Purity more than or equal to 90%, its pH value is more than or equal to 2.
3, non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described positive active material FeS
2Purity more than or equal to 95%, the pH value is more than or equal to 4.
4, as described non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described positive active material FeS
2Particle mean size smaller or equal to 25 μ m.
5, as described non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the porosity of the porous positive electrode active materials on the described positive plate is 25～35%.
6, as described non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described positive active material FeS
2The BET specific area be 0.95～5m
2/ g.
7, as described non-aqueous solution lithium-ferrous disulfide primary cell one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described positive active material component and weight content thereof are FeS
285～95%, graphite 2.7～10%, acetylene black 0.3～2% and PVDF 2～10%.
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| US7595133B2 (en) * | 2006-07-01 | 2009-09-29 | The Gillette Company | Lithium cell |
| CN101202347A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2008-06-18 | 山东神工海特电子科技有限公司 | 1.5V lithium iron disulfide button cell with metal framework positive pole |
| EP2240973B1 (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2018-03-28 | Sion Power Corporation | Porous electrodes and associated methods |
| CN102640327B (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 永备电池有限公司 | There is the Lithium-iron disulfide cathode formulation of high sulfide pyrite content and low electric conductivity additive |
| IN2012DN02063A (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2015-08-21 | Sion Power Corp | |
| US11081721B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2021-08-03 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Secondary electrochemical cells with separator and electrolyte combination |
| US8349493B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-01-08 | The Gillette Company | Electrochemical cells with improved separator and electrolyte |
| US8119286B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2012-02-21 | The Gillette Company | Electrochemical cells with improved separator and electrolyte |
| CN102544416A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 重庆纽米新材料科技有限责任公司 | Multilayer polyolefin battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof |
| CN102790219B (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2015-04-15 | 福建南平南孚电池有限公司 | Positive pole slurry for manufacturing positive pole plate of lithium ion battery and manufacturing method thereof |
| US8920969B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2014-12-30 | The Gillette Company | Alkaline electrochemical cells with separator and electrolyte combination |
| US10008748B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2018-06-26 | Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc. | Alkaline electrochemical cells with separator and electrolyte combination |
| EP2936594B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2017-02-22 | Basf Se | Electrode structure and method for making same |
| CN103972512A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-08-06 | 芜湖浙鑫新能源有限公司 | FeS2 powder and conductive additive mixing method |
| US9711784B2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2017-07-18 | Sion Power Corporation | Electrode fabrication methods and associated systems and articles |
| CN106206043B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-07-27 | 中原工学院 | A kind of FeS2Nanometer rods/graphene is to electrode material and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109309206A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-05 | 中能中科（天津）新能源科技有限公司 | Disposable lithium-battery, serondary lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
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