CN100449903C - Intelligent power arrester - Google Patents
Intelligent power arrester Download PDFInfo
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- CN100449903C CN100449903C CNB2007101043428A CN200710104342A CN100449903C CN 100449903 C CN100449903 C CN 100449903C CN B2007101043428 A CNB2007101043428 A CN B2007101043428A CN 200710104342 A CN200710104342 A CN 200710104342A CN 100449903 C CN100449903 C CN 100449903C
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- temperature sensor
- power arrester
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Abstract
The invention discloses a intelligent power source arrester, it is a trip protecting device with physical and intelligent method, it includes intelligentized embedded control system and temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is embedded into the surface of the zincite piezoresistance of the power source arrester, and insulated with the zincite piezoresistance, another temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of entironment; the embedded CPU system can detect the parameters of power source arrester module on line, and break the poor power source arrester, the current mutual-inductor is in the trip device, it can feed back the drain current parameter of the piezoresistance to the CPU to realize the online detection of power source arrester, and judging whether the power source arrester is bad according to the set data. The cost of the invention is low, performance is reliable, the danger of self-ignite induced by bad power source arrester can be stopped, the action of trip is precise and quick, protection is in time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power arrester, the power arrester that particularly a kind of intelligence is threaded off and controlled.
Background technology
Power arrester (claim lightning protection for power supply or surge protector again, Surge Protective Device is called for short SPD).Common power arrester adopts the quick resistance of zinc oxide semi-conductor voltage (Varistor) to make; this traditional power arrester has a weak point; when it suffers strong thunderbolt or because when long-term use the and deterioration; its leakage current increases, thereby the heating of ZnO resistors cognition, also can produce electric arc when serious and cause its spontaneous combustion; as untimely lightning arrester is left from circuit interruption; the danger that causes fire is then arranged, and therefore, the fail safe of power arrester self is the indispensable function of power arrester.The fail safe of piezo-resistance is the emphasis and the difficult point of power arrester design and manufacturing.To this problem, no matter industry (is homemade goods, or external product) employed means of defence is the means of defence that generally adopts physics, be that leading-out terminal adopts the eutectic welding soldering to connect, other connects fixing spring lever mechanism traction terminal, long-pending heat behind pressure responsive resistor failure, make low temperature scolding tin softening, adhesion reduces, and spring lever mechanism draws back (dropout) with terminal from power supply terminal, thus make the piezo-resistance body from circuit interruption from.
The means of defence of this physics has the deficiency of the following aspects: 1. because terminal and low temperature scolding tin have thermal inertia, it is slow that the temperature rise of terminal lags behind the temperature rise thereby the responsiveness of Zinc-oxide piezoresistor; 2. it is improper that spring lever mechanism has in machinery inertial and the manufacture process design error institute moment that causes coupling, even temperature rise has reached the value of regulation after the piezo-resistance deterioration, spring lever mechanism can not draw back power supply terminal, causes the accident of SPD spontaneous combustion that generation is often arranged; 3. can generate heat after the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor deterioration; temperature raises; and the size of the value of temperature rise is relevant with the caloric value of Zinc-oxide piezoresistor; simultaneously also relevant with ambient temperature; and low temperature scolding tin responds the degradation of the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor under the different service conditions with the definite melting point of preparing metal mixture; this processing is coarse; can not be in time or judge accurately whether lightning protection device damages; the action of threading off takes place sometimes in advance; cause the waste of resource, one side on the other side then is to lag behind the action of threading off takes place; can not in time the piezo-resistance of deterioration be threaded off, cause overvoltage protection to lose efficacy.In a word, the means of defence speed of physics is slow, and action is not too accurately with reliable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that cost is low, threading off after the dependable performance, power arrester deterioration is swift in motion and accurate power arrester.
Intelligent electric power lightning arrester of the present invention comprehensively adopts the dropout protection mechanism after method physics and intelligence realizes deterioration, it is made up of intelligentized embedded control system and temperature sensor, temperature sensor is embedded in the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor surface of power arrester, and carrying out electric insulation processing with Zinc-oxide piezoresistor, other has a temperature sensor senses ambient temperature; The parameter of the online detection power arrester module of its embedded type CPU (MCU or ARM) system energy, it can be opened the power arrester of deterioration in time from circuit interruption, effectively prevent the generation of fire incident.With current transformer, the leakage current parameter of piezo-resistance can be fed back to CPU on the tripping mechanism, realize the online detection to power arrester, whether this device can accurately judge lightning protection for power supply deterioration according to the normal data of setting, the report fail result.The protectiving scheme of intelligence adopts embedded computer system to make.
Cost of the present invention is low, dependable performance, can stop to cause after the power arrester deterioration danger of spontaneous combustion fully, threads off after the deterioration to be swift in motion and accurately, protection in time.Owing to adopt intelligentized method; can also accurately judge the performance state of power arrester and in time take safeguard measure, after safeguard measure takes place according to the different set protection parameter of environment for use; can send tangible alarm signal, remind the O﹠M personnel to change the inefficacy product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 always schemes for the design of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is temperature sensor circuit figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sample-and-hold circuit figure of temperature sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the CPU design drawing for the master control drawing of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 6 is an output map for the warning circuit figure of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 7 is the trip circuit figure of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 8 is the analog to digital conversion circuit figure of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 9 is the overall system block diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Figure 10 is the CPU design drawing of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Figure 11 is the matrix keyboard figure of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Figure 12 is for being the temperature sensor access port figure of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Figure 13 is for being the alarm of the embodiment of the invention 2 and dropout control circuit figure.
Figure 14 is the power supply and the clock circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the overall system block diagram of the deterioration protection control of intelligent power arrester.The specific embodiment of the present invention has chip microcontroller mode and senior reduced instruction machine (ARM) implementation.Both system's basic structure identical (as shown in Figure 1), function is variant, is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, and embodiment 1,2 used circuit diagrams all adopt the method for designing of stratification.
Embodiment 1: the chip microcontroller mode
Adopting the 80C52 single-chip microcomputer is MCU, and the chip of specifically selecting for use is the W78LE516B of Winbond company, and this singlechip chip chip integration has become the programming ROM of 64K and the auxiliary ROM of 4K, the RAM of 32K.Fig. 2 is the general system diagram of this embodiment, has described the system design of single-chip microcomputer embodiment.
Shown in Fig. 3 (temperature sensor circuit figure), the power arrester facility is equipped with 4 Zinc-oxide piezoresistor lightning-protection modules, need 4 its temperature of temperature sensor monitors, temperature sensor is inlaid in the surface of the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor of each module, draw by lead-in wire, be plugged on the control circuit board, promptly be connected on the JP1 socket among Fig. 3, temperature sensor is connected with the resistance of 4.7K, and its voltage drop value is then exported to sample-and-hold circuit shown in Figure 4.
Shown in Fig. 4 (the sample-and-hold circuit figure of temperature sensor), each road temperature sensor signal uses a sample-and-hold circuit shown in Figure 4, it with temperature signal (Sig_In) sampling and stabilisation after output (Sig_Out) to A/D converter.
Shown in Fig. 5 (the master control drawing is the CPU design drawing).The P0 mouth is the port of data and least-significant byte address multiplex, the P0 mouth latchs as the least-significant byte address of sheet external memory body (RAM and ROM) and the selection address wire of multipath A/D converter by the 74LS373 address latch, and the P0 mouth is multiplexing as the input port of analog to digital converter binary data input MCU again simultaneously; The P2 mouth is as the most-significant byte address of sheet external memory body; The P3 mouth is as the input of hardware time delayed signal, and clock signal is imported, RAM, the output of control signals such as ROM read-write; Thread off after as the deterioration output signal of action of P1 mouth, the signal of P1 mouth output is by the action of light idol control relay.And the module of power arrester is connected in parallel on and need carries out in the AC power circuit of overvoltage protection by relay.Two 555 delay circuits are connected on P1.6 and P1.7, are used for triggering hardware time-delay oscillating circuit, and T1 and T0 then can the statistical time lag pulses.
Shown in Fig. 6 (warning circuit figure is an output map), when system through judging, a certain lightning arrester is during deterioration, from P1 mouth output signal, the action (Fig. 7) of the relay that is connected with lightning arrester by the control of light idol.For example, after No. 1 lightning arrester device was bad, P1.0 output 1 by the light idol, made the actuating of relay, and No. 1 the lightning arrester device leaves from circuit interruption.Simultaneously, as long as any SPD deterioration is arranged, alarm output logic circuit (logic OR) all will export 1, make the triode conducting that is connected with loudspeaker and divide by four circuit, the signal that comes out from the ALE pin frequency division of MCU makes loudspeaker send alarm sound, and is corresponding luminous and the flicker of utmost point pipe is luminous.P3.0, P3.1 links to each other with Modem, can communicate by letter with the PC of monitoring room at a distance, realizes telemonitoring.The output signal of P0 mouth latchs by 74LS373, in case alarm output is arranged, warning circuit will ceaselessly send alarm signal, till resetting.
Shown in Fig. 7 (trip circuit figure), the trip signal of P0 mouth output is by the output of the circuit among Fig. 6 circuit shown in Figure 7, make corresponding relays action, the leakage current that corresponding instrument transformer can sensing circuit is for the quality condition of judging Zinc-oxide piezoresistor provides foundation.
Shown in Fig. 8 (analog to digital conversion circuit figure), analog to digital converter adopts 8 of 8 input channels to approach digital to analog converter (A/DC): AD0809 one by one, IN_0 is used for connecing semiconductor temperature sensor to IN_3 four tunnel, can monitor the temperature of 4 lightning arrester modules, IN-4 is used for the temperature sensor of test environment temperature, and IN-5 to IN-7 is used for testing the leakage current of piezo-resistance.The data of ADC0809 output to the P0 mouth, P3.6, and P3.7, the output signal of P2.7 is by the data output of one-level NAND gate control ADC0809, so the address of temperature sensor is (1XXX, X000,0000,0000)
B. to (1XXX, XXXX, 0000,0111)
B(totally 8 effective addresses).By program setting, the data of MCU scan round AD0809 output, and read in temperature data from the P0 mouth and handle.Semiconductor temperature sensor is implanted power arrester inside, link to each other with analog to digital converter by lead-in wire, the data of the temperature sensor on each road are read in the MCU circulation, and relatively in the value of setting, if temperature surpasses the limiting value of setting, then read its corresponding leakage current value, and compare, to judge whether deterioration of piezo-resistance with standard value.The misoperation that so can avoid the strong thunderbolt back violent temperature rise of piezo-resistance and cause.Delayed time 1-3 minute, and measured the temperature of same lightning arrester once more, if temperature is to raise, then value of the P1 mouth of MCU input disconnects lightning arrester from circuit.Process is judged when system, and after a certain lightning arrester deterioration was threaded off, system sent corresponding alarm signal.
The program composition Consideration:
Set the limiting value (60-130 ℃) of piezo-resistance shell temperature, set the limiting value (40-80 ℃) of temperature rise, press the maximum (15 μ A) of standard setting leakage current, the temperature value of each piezo-resistance is read in circulation, read ambient temperature value, compare the temperature value of piezo-resistance, temperature rise value, surpass set point and then measure leakage current value, leakage current overgauge regulation is then exported trip signal and alarm.If leakage current is less than setting, first dropout 3-5 minute, the energized lightning arrester was monitored its temperature more again.Temperature is then exported permanent trip signal and alarm signal if be elevated to limiting value once more.
Embodiment 2: senior reduced instruction machine (ARM) implementation
ARM (Advanced RISC Machine: be a kind of 32 embedded microcontroller senior reduced instruction machine), present embodiment is selected ARM9 chip STR912FW44 * 6 of company of ST Microelectronics (ST) for use, the Flash ROM of integrated 512KB+32KB and the SRAM of 96KB in this chip, CPU master clock frequency 96MHz (during in the time-card frequency division and get) by the outer 25MHz of sheet, have 8 tunnel analog-to-digital conversion in the sheet, 80 I/O mouths, support LCD to show, thereby be suitable for measuring, and has stronger function.
Fig. 9 is the overall system block diagram, has described the system design of ARM embodiment.
Shown in Figure 10 (CPU design drawing), P1 mouth and P6 mouth are used for LCD and show output, P6.4_P6.7 is used for alarm and the output of dropout control signal, the P4 mouth is configured to the input of sensor signal, the part pin of P3 mouth and P2 mouth is because the input of matrix keyboard, 39 pin of CPU are furnished with the 3.3V reserce cell, so the data of RAM can not lose because of power down, can monitor and write down the thunderbolt number of times.Sheet is furnished with the Flash ROM2 of 2MB and the SRAM of 2Mb outward, and the real-time clock that disposes 32.768KHz in addition is with the record real-time time.
Shown in Figure 11 (matrix keyboard circuit diagram), P3.1, P3.2, P3.3, P3.6, P3.7 be as the line of keyboard, P2.4, and P2.5, P2.6, P2.7 is as the alignment of keyboard.P5.4 is as the interrupt signal of keyboard input, in the time of will using keyboard at every turn, or interrupt signal of input during the keyboard end of input.Keyboard input can be used for having access to system information, makes it to export from LCD.Or import the data of other settings.
Shown in Figure 12 (temperature sensor access port figure), the input value of transducer inserts the P4 mouth by the socket among the figure.
Shown in Figure 13 (alarm and dropout control circuit), P6 mouth output control signal, the latch control signal of P7.7 output control signal.The audio frequency of loudspeaker is got by real-time clock signal four frequency divisions, and this circuit and single-chip microcomputer embodiment are basic identical.
Shown in Figure 14 (power supply and clock circuit diagram), 25MHZ external clock reference, the circuit of realtime clock source etc.
The program composition Consideration:
Set the limiting value of piezo-resistance shell temperature, set the limiting value of temperature rise, press the maximum of standard setting leakage current, the temperature value of each piezo-resistance is read in circulation, read ambient temperature value, compare the temperature value of piezo-resistance, temperature rise value, surpass set point and then measure leakage current value, leakage current overgauge regulation is then exported trip signal and alarm.The nested interrupt program if the keyboard input is arranged, is carried out corresponding program according to input value.
Claims (1)
1. intelligent power arrester, comprise with the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor being the power arrester module of core, it is characterized in that intelligent power arrester has intelligentized embedded control system and temperature sensor, temperature sensor is embedded in the Zinc-oxide piezoresistor surface of power arrester module, and carried out electric insulation processing with Zinc-oxide piezoresistor, record the temperature of power arrester module by temperature sensor, other has a temperature sensor senses ambient temperature; The leakage current parameter and the temperature rise thereof of the online detection power arrester of the described embedded control system module of intelligent power arrester, has current transformer on the tripping mechanism, the leakage current parameter of power arrester module is fed back to described embedded control system, whether the temperature rise value that obtains and the data of leakage current value and setting are more accurately judged power arrester deterioration; Described embedded control system is opened the power arrester of deterioration in time by relay from circuit interruption.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101043428A CN100449903C (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Intelligent power arrester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101043428A CN100449903C (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Intelligent power arrester |
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| CN101064430A CN101064430A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
| CN100449903C true CN100449903C (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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| CNB2007101043428A Expired - Fee Related CN100449903C (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Intelligent power arrester |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101931223A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-29 | 孙巍巍 | Intelligent monitor-type surge protection device |
| CN102650653A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-08-29 | 上海金临电子科技有限公司 | Intelligent lightning stroke monitoring device |
| CN102664384B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2016-06-01 | 胡勇坚 | A kind of intelligent tripping method of power arrester |
| CN102759405A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-31 | 河南省电力公司信阳供电公司 | Optical-fiber infrared temperature measuring device of arrester |
| CN103792872B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2017-03-08 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | For the supervising device of Surge Protector, Surge Protector and armarium |
| CN104793092B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-04-06 | 河北工业大学 | Data acquisition device in surge protector |
| CN105552874B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-12-26 | 上海雷迅防雷技术有限公司 | The method of surge protector trouble situation is judged using the temperature difference |
| US10680433B2 (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2020-06-09 | Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for surge protection of a distributed control system component |
| CN107749613A (en) * | 2017-12-17 | 2018-03-02 | 王在彬 | A kind of protection device for arrester |
| CN113865649B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-05-10 | 深圳远征技术有限公司 | Lightning protection device degradation monitoring device, system and method |
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