CN1004494B - 高强度弱磁性铁-镍-钼系恒弹性合金 - Google Patents

高强度弱磁性铁-镍-钼系恒弹性合金 Download PDF

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CN1004494B
CN1004494B CN85102397.5A CN85102397A CN1004494B CN 1004494 B CN1004494 B CN 1004494B CN 85102397 A CN85102397 A CN 85102397A CN 1004494 B CN1004494 B CN 1004494B
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alloy
equal
modulus
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CN85102397A (zh
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陈其安
阮乃扬
景军
秦桦
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INST OF METALLURGY SPECIAL STEEL CO SHOUDU IRON AND STEEL CO
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Abstract

本发明属于静态应用的具有综合物理-力学性能的恒弹性合金。本静态应用方面,已有的恒弹性合金还没有种能同时具备高强度、弱磁性及弹性模量和切变模量同时恒定的综合性能。本发明合金全面满足了这一要求。固溶+时效态σb≥1270兆帕、e≤1201×10-6/℃。冷轧+时效态σb≥1670兆帕、e与g均可≤1201×10-6/℃。合金可应用于压力传感器、应变片标定梁、扭杆陀螺仪等。

Description

高强度弱磁性铁-镍-钼系恒弹性合金
本发明属于静态应用的、综合物理-力学性能的恒弹性合金。
静态应用恒弹性合金虽然已经有了较大的发展,但是在国际上还没有一种合金能在高强度、弱磁性和恒弹性方面同时达到本合金的水平。现将与本合金所涉及的性能、成份有关之专利或文献报导简列于下以供参考。
弱磁恒弹性合金:法国专利1493730、493033;美国专利3516823均是在Fe-Ni-Cr合金中加入第三组元(如Mo、W等)。降低Ni含量以便使居里点降到室温附近。但上述合金有如下缺点:
1.补偿温度范围狭小,为-10℃~+60℃;
2.弹性模量温度系数e之绝对值过大
|e|≤5×10-5/℃
3.未报导具体的磁性和力学性能。
又如具有较高强度之恒弹性合金:如Ni-Spanc902〔1〕、Ni-SpanD合金〔2〕、Thermelast4002、5409和4290合金〔3〕等。这些合金也可具有较高的强度。例如,固溶+回火状态,σb达1080Mpa。冷轧+回火状态,σb达1570Mpa。它们也可以具有较低的频率温度系数,如βf≤10×10-*/℃。而冷轧+回火后并不具有e、g均为零的特点。并且这些合金的磁性都比较强,不能满足在抗磁场干扰的情况下使用的要求。
在国际上与本发明合金在成份上相近之合金列举于下:
重量%
Figure 85102397_IMG1
由上表可见,所有Fe-Ni-Mo系恒弹合金均含有有毒元素Be,而难以在保证不污染环境的前提下进行生产。
本发明的目的在于满足静态应用的弹性元件(如压力传感器、应变片标定樑、扭杆陀螺仪等)为实现高精度、高灵敏度、高抗干挠能力而对材料性能所提出的特殊要求。为此研制了这种高强度、弱磁性具有优良综合性能的恒弹性合金。
本发明合金的化学成分(重量%)范围是:C≤0.05%、Si≤0.6%、Mn0.3~0.8%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.02%、Ni40~44%、Mo5~9%、Ti2.0~4.0%、Al0.5~1.0%、Cu0~1%、Fe余量。合金经固溶处理(温度950~1050℃、保持20分,水冷)和时效处理(温度550~750℃,保持2~4小时,炉冷)后,主要物理和机械性能如下:
弹性模量E(兆帕) 176000~196000
弹性模量温度系数e-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) ≤|20|
磁感应强度 (特) 0.01~0.02
抗拉强度 σb(兆帕) 1370~1570
延伸率 δ(%) ≥5
固溶处理后,进行变形率为60~80%冷轧加工变形,然后时效处理,则合金的弹性模量大幅度地降低,而机械性能显著提高,弹性模量和切变模量同时达到恒定。
弹性模量E(兆帕) 167000~176000
切变模量G(兆帕) 62000~66000
弹性模量温度系数e-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) ≤|20|
切变模量温度系数g-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) ≤|20|
抗拉强度σb(兆帕) 1670~1760
屈服极限σ0.2(兆帕) 1470~1670
弹性极限σe(兆帕) 1180~1470
延伸率δ% ≥2
在具体使用场合下它具有以下优点:
合金用Ti、Al作*散强化元素,排除了使用昂贵而有毒的Be。
合金具有较高的强度可使弹性元件的静滞后、回零特性、加-卸载曲线的重复性均得到改善,从而大幅度地提高仪表元件的精度和使用范围。
合金具有较低的磁性,一方面可以使得弹性元件的功能不受外部磁场之干扰,另一方面又可使得仪表内的工作磁场不因弹性元件的存在而受到影响,上述两个因素都大大提高仪器仪表的磁场稳定性和抗干扰特性。
合金具有较小的(与Ni-SpanC型合金相当)弹性模量和(或)剪切模量温度系数,可保证弹性元件的性能不受温度的影响,从而提高仪器仪表的温度稳定性。
此外,本发明合金的带材产品,经冷轧和回火后有较一般恒弹性合金低的弹性模量和剪切模量,从而有更大的弹性敏感性,能提高仪器仪表的灵敏度。
本发明合金的性能,能借稍微改变成分和回火工艺而加以调整,给该合金的生产和使用均带来很大的方便。
实施例:合金的化学成分(重量%)C0.03%、Si0.5%、Mn0.66%、P0.005%、S0.002%、Ni42.5%、Cu0.3%、Mo6.89%、Ti3.02%、Al0.90%、Fe余量,经固溶处理(温度950℃,保持20分,水冷)和时效处理(温度700℃,保持4小时,炉冷)后,合金的主要性能如下:
弹性模量E(兆帕) 186000
弹性模量温度系数 e-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) 15
磁感应强度 (特) 0.011
抗拉强度 σb(兆帕) 1520
延伸率 δ(%) 7
固溶处理后,经变形率70%的冷轧加工和时效处理(温度700℃保持2小时,炉冷)则该合金的冷轧带材具有如下性能:
弹性模量E(兆帕) 170000
切变模量G(兆帕) 63700
弹性模量温度系数e-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) 9
切变模量温度系数g-60~+100℃(×10-6/℃) 12
抗拉强度σb(兆帕) 1670
屈服极限σ0.2(兆帕) *
弹性极限σe(兆帕) 1320
延伸率δ% 2
附:本申请引用的文献
专利:法国专利1493730,493033
美国专利3516823
文献:〔1〕Alloy digest 1968 Januar
〔2〕C.A.Clack and T.A.Dunton Appl.mat researoh.1964.3.1.15
〔3〕西德真空熔炼公司样本FOOl,Edition 3/77
〔4〕H.Alber Feinwerktechnik 1968.72.5.244
〔5〕陈其安 国外金属材料 1976.5-6 100

Claims (4)

1、一种高强弱磁恒弹合金,其特征在于,合金的化学成份(重量为:C≤0.05%、Si≤0.6%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.02%、Mn0.3~0.8%、Ni40~44%、Mo5~9%、Ti2~4%、Al0.5~1.0%,余量为Fe。
2、根据权利要求1所述的合金,其特征在于还加入Cu0~1(重量)%。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的合金,其特征在于加工方法是先经固溶处理,处理温度950~1050℃保持20分水冷和时效处理,处理温度550~750℃保持2~4小时。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的合金,其特征在于经固溶处理后,进行形变率为60~80%冷轧加工变形,然后时效处理。
CN85102397.5A 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 高强度弱磁性铁-镍-钼系恒弹性合金 Expired CN1004494B (zh)

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