CN100439900C - Method for testing material blackness coefficient - Google Patents
Method for testing material blackness coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN100439900C CN100439900C CNB2005100479854A CN200510047985A CN100439900C CN 100439900 C CN100439900 C CN 100439900C CN B2005100479854 A CNB2005100479854 A CN B2005100479854A CN 200510047985 A CN200510047985 A CN 200510047985A CN 100439900 C CN100439900 C CN 100439900C
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Abstract
A method for testing blackness coefficient of material includes confirming reference value of blackness coefficient by checking relevant data, using infrared temperature detector to detect temperature of material under certain temperature and recording detection result T1, using thermal couple to carry out the same operation as above to obtain detection result T2, utilizing formula of epsilon1 = epsilon 0 ( T1T2 ) to obtain blackness coefficient of material under certain temperature, repeating above detection and calculation steps to obtain average value of test result and using obtained average value as blackness coefficient value of material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of method of testing of coefficient of blackness, particularly utilize the coefficient of blackness of relative method test material under different temperatures.
Background technology
Black matrix is a kind of desirable object, and they all send same electromagnetic wave spectrum under identical temperature, and irrelevant with characteristics such as the concrete composition of black matrix and shapes.The coefficient of blackness of material is a very important parameter when infrared measurement of temperature, and the accuracy of coefficient of blackness directly influences the precision of infrared measurement of temperature.
Infrared measurement of temperature is a kind of of radiant type thermometric, is to utilize the thermal radiation phenomena of object to come the Measuring Object temperature.The basic foundation of infrared radiation is people's such as this special fence-Boltzmann, Planck a blackbody radiation law.This special fence and Boltzmann are by experiment and calculate blackbody radiation law: M
0(T)=σ T
4, M in the formula
0When (T) being T for temperature, the unit interval is called total spoke out-degree from the integrated radiant emittance that the black matrix unit area gives off, and σ is this special fence-Boltzmann constant, and T is an object temperature.The general more complicated of radiation law of actual object (non-black-body) needs to study by means of the radiation law of black matrix.
Summary of the invention
Measuring technique difficult problem at metal material coefficient of blackness when the high temperature, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new coefficient of blackness measuring method, coefficient of blackness under the method test material different temperatures that employing infrared thermometer and thermopair are compared needs with other industrial design to solve infrared measurement of temperature.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The material blackness coefficient method of testing, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0Determine: the coefficient of blackness value of getting the coefficient of blackness of (as room temperature) under a certain temperature of measured material or getting same type of material is as coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0, determine by consulting related data;
(2) use infrared thermometer the material under a certain temperature to be carried out thermometric, the coefficient of blackness reference value ε that with the infrared thermometer thermometric time, imports
0, the record infrared measurement of temperature is T as a result
1
(3) use thermopair that the material under the uniform temp is carried out thermometric, record temperature-measuring results T
2
(4) utilize formula ε
1=ε
0(T
1/ T
2)
4Just can obtain the material blackness coefficient under a certain temperature;
(5) repeat 2,3,4 steps, the mean value of getting test result is the material blackness coefficient value;
(6) with the coefficient of blackness value ε that calculates
1Re-enter infrared thermometer, measure the coefficient of blackness value of material again by above-mentioned steps, check coefficient of blackness value ε
1Computational accuracy; So repeatedly, when error is at ± 2 ℃ between the temperature value of the temperature value of infrared thermometer and thermopair, can obtain coefficient of blackness value accurately.
Described step (2) is the temperature that identical time and same position are measured with temperature in the step (3).
Principle of the present invention: the ultimate principle of infrared thermometer thermometric is the radiation energy of direct test material, by the coefficient of blackness of input before blackness radiation law and the test, finally calculates and read the heater temperature T then.Blackbody radiation law is: W=C ε σ T
4, wherein W is total radiosity (W/cm
2); ε is coefficient of blackness (emissivity); σ is Boltzmann constant (W/cm
2K
4); C is a scale-up factor.With the infrared thermometer thermometric time, must be before test the reference coefficient of blackness of first input material, the reference coefficient of blackness value of being imported as can be known by total radiosity calculating formula will directly influence the probe temperature value T that finally reads
1And can directly read the probe temperature T of material during with thermocouple temperature measurement
2Coefficient of blackness reference value by continuous correction is imported finally makes T
2And T
1Substantially equal, the coefficient of blackness reference value of this moment is just very near actual coefficient of blackness value.
Specifically adopt following scheme in when test: because the radiation energy of material is certain at a certain temperature, according to blackbody radiation law: W=C ε σ T
4, can calculate the coefficient of blackness of material under certain temperature, that is:
Then: can be according to coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0Calculate coefficient of blackness value ε accurately
1, i.e. ε
1=ε
0(T
1/ T
2)
4
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention adopts the coefficient of blackness under the method test material different temperatures that infrared thermometer and thermopair compare, and can be applied to infrared measurement of temperature and other industrial design needs.
(2) the present invention combines according to the ultimate principle of blackbody radiation law and infrared thermometer thermometric and the temp measuring method of thermopair, and the coefficient of blackness value input infrared thermometer that adopts the present invention to obtain carries out thermometric, and the temperature test precision can reach ± and 2 ℃.And the general value during all in room temperature with less than 100 ℃ of the coefficient of blackness value in the related data, infrared measurement of temperature and industrial actual needs in the time of can not satisfying high temperature, the measurement of the coefficient of blackness value during for high temperature is difficult to carry out.
(3) the present invention is particularly suitable for testing metal material coefficient of blackness of (more than 600 ℃) when high temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is specimen size of the present invention and method of testing synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, cylindrical sample radially has two holes 1,2, uses the temperature of infrared thermometer and position, thermocouple measurement sample axis respectively, and the centre distance in two holes 1,2 is less than 50mm among the figure, material blackness coefficient method of testing of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0Determine: get the coefficient of blackness value of (as room temperature) under a certain temperature of measured material or get coefficient of blackness value under the same type of material condition as coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0, determine by consulting related data;
(2) use infrared thermometer the material under a certain temperature to be carried out thermometric, the coefficient of blackness reference value ε that with the infrared thermometer thermometric time, imports
0, the record infrared measurement of temperature is T as a result
1
(3) use thermopair that the material under the uniform temp is carried out thermometric, record temperature-measuring results T
2
(4) utilize formula ε
1=ε
0(T
1/ T
2)
4Just can obtain the material blackness coefficient under a certain temperature;
(5) repeat 2,3,4 steps, the mean value of getting test result is the material blackness coefficient value, the results are shown in Table 1;
(6) with the coefficient of blackness value ε that calculates
1Re-enter infrared thermometer, measure the coefficient of blackness value of material again by above-mentioned steps, check coefficient of blackness value ε
1Computational accuracy; So repeatedly, when error is at ± 2 ℃ between the temperature value of the temperature value of infrared thermometer and thermopair, can obtain coefficient of blackness value accurately.The temperature value of importing the infrared thermometer after the coefficient of blackness value accurately sees Table 2.
The present invention is further described (seeing Table 1) below in conjunction with embodiment.
The test implementation example of table 1 coefficient of blackness
| Material | ε 0 | The Infrared survey temperature T 1/℃ | Thermocouple measuring temperature T 2/℃ | Coefficient of blackness (3 mean value) ε 1＝ε 0(T 1/T 2) 4 |
| GH4169 | 0.90 | 229 | 225 | 0.9657 |
| GH4169 | 0.90 | 194 | 192 | 0.9576 |
| GH4169 | 0.90 | 120 | 119 | 0.9306 |
The amended test result of table 2 coefficient of blackness
| Material | ε 1 | The Infrared survey temperature T 1/℃ | Thermocouple measuring temperature T 2/℃ | Temperature error/℃ |
| GH4169 | 0.9657 | 229 | 228 | +1 |
| GH4169 | 0.9576 | 192 | 190 | +2 |
| GH4169 | 0.9306 | 116.5 | 115 | +1.5 |
The coefficient of blackness value input infrared thermometer that adopts the present invention to obtain carries out thermometric, and the temperature test precision can reach ± and 2 ℃.The method that coefficient of blackness is tested in evidence, the present invention is suitable for metal material, also is suitable for nonmetallic materials, is particularly suitable for testing metal material coefficient of blackness of (more than 600 ℃) when high temperature.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method of testing of material blackness coefficient is characterized in that combining according to the ultimate principle of blackbody radiation law and infrared thermometer thermometric and the temp measuring method of thermopair; Testing procedure comprises:
(1) coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0Determine: the coefficient of blackness value of getting the coefficient of blackness under a certain temperature of measured material or getting same type of material is as coefficient of blackness reference value ε
0, determine by consulting related data;
(2) use infrared thermometer the material under a certain temperature to be carried out thermometric, the coefficient of blackness reference value ε that with the infrared thermometer thermometric time, imports
0, the record infrared measurement of temperature is T as a result
1
(3) use thermopair that the material under the uniform temp is carried out thermometric, record temperature-measuring results T
2
(4) utilize formula ε
1=ε
0(T
1/ T
2)
4Just can obtain the material blackness coefficient under a certain temperature;
(5) repeat 2,3,4 steps, the mean value of getting test result is the material blackness coefficient value;
(6) with the coefficient of blackness value ε that calculates
1Re-enter infrared thermometer, measure the coefficient of blackness value of material again by above-mentioned steps, check coefficient of blackness value ε
1Computational accuracy; So repeatedly, when error is at ± 2 ℃ between the temperature value of the temperature value of infrared thermometer and thermopair, can obtain coefficient of blackness value accurately;
Described step (2) is the temperature that identical time and same position are measured with temperature in the step (3).
2, according to the method for testing of the described material blackness coefficient of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (5) multiplicity is more than 3 times.
3, according to the method for testing of the described material blackness coefficient of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for test coefficient of blackness is suitable for metal material, also is suitable for nonmetallic materials.
4, according to the method for testing of the described material blackness coefficient of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for test coefficient of blackness is particularly suitable for testing metal material at the coefficient of blackness during high temperature more than 600 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100479854A CN100439900C (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Method for testing material blackness coefficient |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100479854A CN100439900C (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Method for testing material blackness coefficient |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1982876A CN1982876A (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| CN100439900C true CN100439900C (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100479854A Expired - Fee Related CN100439900C (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Method for testing material blackness coefficient |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095750B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-25 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring IR (infrared ray) normal emittance |
| CN102519606B (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2016-08-03 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for measuring emissivity of infrared temperature measurement target body |
| CN114184281A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-15 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Accurate temperature control method for unknown surface under gas medium |
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