CN100438632C - Method for encoding interactive video in multiple viewpoints - Google Patents

Method for encoding interactive video in multiple viewpoints Download PDF

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CN100438632C
CN100438632C CNB2006100893986A CN200610089398A CN100438632C CN 100438632 C CN100438632 C CN 100438632C CN B2006100893986 A CNB2006100893986 A CN B2006100893986A CN 200610089398 A CN200610089398 A CN 200610089398A CN 100438632 C CN100438632 C CN 100438632C
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viewpoint
video
group
predictive coding
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CN1874520A (en
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孙立峰
谢剑
钟玉琢
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for encoding interactive video in multiple viewpoints, which belongs to the technical field of information dissemination. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: each channel video data synchronously collected by a plurality of video cameras are orderly divided into multi viewpoint groups according to the adjacent position in collecting process, and the number of view points of each viewpoint group is the same; forecasting coding relating between the viewpoints is adopted in each viewpoint group, and each viewpoint group uses same coding method. The present invention can support parallel processing, can provide higher coding compacting efficiency and lower single channel view point decoding cost, can support fast view point switching, and can meet the application of multiple viewpoint video under the condition of the prior art.

Description

A kind of coding method of interactive video in multiple viewpoints
Technical field
The invention belongs to the information dissemination technology field, relate to a kind of coding method of interactive video in multiple viewpoints, relate in particular to the design of multiple view video coding predict.
Background technology
Networking, interactivity and the sense of reality are the developing direction of video technique.On the one hand, the user wishes and can fully participate in the Video Applications that the relation of people and computer develops into initiatively from passive, thereby fully realizes everyone individual demand; On the other hand, real world is a three-dimensional environment, and traditional video is mainly based on the expression way of two dimension, though showed three-dimensional information on some degree, customer requirements obtains real more experience and impression.Multi-view point video then is that the such interactive video of pin is used and proposed, and has contained binocular tri-dimensional video and multi-view point video and has play, solve the performance of three-dimension interaction video, alternately, problems such as storage and transmission.Interactive video in multiple viewpoints makes the user have initiative to a certain extent rather than as just passive consumer, by the ability of freely selecting viewpoint that visible scene is browsed, helps the on-the-spot sense of reality that improves the user.
The research of multi-view point video encoding method is the key problem in the multi-view point video technical research.On the one hand, multi-view point video is several at least, up to a hundred viewpoint data at most, and its data volume is extremely huge.Tissue and what compress efficiently that the multi-view point video data are that its application faces primarily also is of paramount importance challenge effectively how.On the other hand, multi-channel video is because what take is Same Scene, synchronous record, and viewpoint has related on time and the space each other.These space time correlation information can help us to compress the redundant and spatial axes redundancy of multi-view point video time shaft, thereby feasiblely realize that the coding of multi-view point video becomes possibility efficiently.
Existing multi-view point video encoding method Simulcast, as shown in Figure 1, each road video after employing is gathered directly carries out the method for absolute coding, be that each viewpoint video all adopts equally corresponding frame of video group (GOP) length and structure, choose each GOP beginning frame of video I as key frame, at first key frame is used the intra-frame encoding mode coding, all the other frame P do prediction with the former frame on the reference time axle it are carried out inter prediction encoding.The correlation between each road video viewpoint is not considered in this coding method, and code efficiency is low, can not well support quick viewpoint to switch.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art, a kind of coding method of interactive video in multiple viewpoints is proposed, multi-view point video is divided into groups, and predict and the key frame of GOP improved, coding method of the present invention can be supported parallel processing, higher encoding compression efficient and lower single channel viewpoint decoding cost are provided, and support that viewpoint is switched fast.The multi-view point video that can satisfy under the prior art condition is used.
The coding method of a kind of interactive video in multiple viewpoints that the present invention proposes is characterized in that, each road video data that a plurality of video camera synchronous acquisition are got off is divided into a plurality of viewpoint groups successively according to the adjacent position of its collection, and each viewpoint group viewpoint number is identical; Adopt interaction prediction coding between viewpoint in the viewpoint group, each viewpoint group adopts identical method coding; Adopt interaction prediction coding method between viewpoint in the described viewpoint group, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) each viewpoint video all adopts same frame of video group length in the viewpoint group, and corresponding frame of video group time shaft original position is identical;
2) choose the frame of video that is positioned in each the frame of video group of synchronization in the viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft as key frame, each key frame all is positioned at synchronization;
3) at first adopt intra-frame encoding mode to encode to the key frame that is positioned at the middle frame of video group of viewpoint axle in the viewpoint group:
4) successively the key frame of each frame of video group is carried out predictive coding from the intermediate-view of viewpoint axle to the both sides viewpoint;
5) the non-key frame of each frame of video group to synchronization in the viewpoint group carries out predictive coding: first frame in each frame of video group on the time shaft passes through with reference to this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the viewpoint axle intermediate video frame group, second frame with reference to this first frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle, thereafter frame of video all with reference to this frame former frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle; Previous frame predictive coding up to the key frame of this frame of video group is finished;
6) in each frame of video group the next frame of key frame on the time shaft by with reference to this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle, thereafter frame of video all with reference to this frame former frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle; Finish up to this frame of video group end frame predictive coding;
7) along time shaft successively to the frame of video group of each synchronization according to step 2)-same procedure of step 6) encodes, finishes up to this viewpoint group coding;
8) each viewpoint group is encoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 7), finishes up to all viewpoint group codings.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect:
In this method, by choosing of above key frame, improved GOP predict, the coding of key frame, the step of the coding of non-key frame has been determined a kind of compression efficiency of taking all factors into consideration multi-view point video, single channel viewpoint decoding cost, the viewpoint handoff delay, the complete multiple view video coding scheme of demands such as parallel processing.All according to such scheme coding, cataloged procedure is separate between the viewpoint group for every each viewpoint group.This encoding scheme can be supported parallel processing, higher encoding compression efficient and lower single channel viewpoint decoding cost is provided, and supports that viewpoint is switched fast.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is existing multi-view point video encoding method Simulcast coded prediction structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of choosing of each road key frame of video in the viewpoint group of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the coded prediction structure embodiment schematic diagram of a viewpoint group of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The coding method of a kind of interactive video in multiple viewpoints that the present invention proposes reaches embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and is described in detail as follows:
The coding method of a kind of interactive video in multiple viewpoints that the present invention proposes, it is characterized in that, each road video data that a plurality of video camera synchronous acquisition are got off is divided into several viewpoint groups successively according to the adjacent position of its collection, each viewpoint group viewpoint number is identical, and (every group of viewpoint number that is comprised can be according to the encoder server performance, the Network Transmission bandwidth, the user determines the factors such as requirement of amount of video.Generally choose odd number, not enough viewpoint number is organized as last); Adopt interaction prediction coding between viewpoint in the viewpoint group, each viewpoint group adopts identical method coding.
Adopt interaction prediction coding method between viewpoint in the above-mentioned viewpoint group, may further comprise the steps:
1) each viewpoint video all adopts same GOP length in the viewpoint group, and corresponding GOP time shaft original position is identical;
2) choose the frame of video that is positioned among each GOP of synchronization in the viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft as key frame I, as shown in Figure 2, among the figure, solid box is some viewpoint groups, a frame of broken lines of time-axis direction is a GOP, the axial key frame that frame of broken lines is each GOP of synchronization of viewpoint, each key frame all is positioned at synchronization;
3) at first adopt intra-frame encoding mode to encode to the key frame I (promptly figure is coated with the square of shade) that is arranged in the middle GOP of viewpoint axle in the viewpoint group;
4) from middle viewpoint to the both sides viewpoint successively the key frame I to each GOP carry out predictive coding; That is: be positioned at the key frame of each viewpoint of intermediate-view left side all by the next-door neighbour's viewpoint key frame predictive coding of its right side; The key frame that is positioned at each viewpoint of intermediate-view right side is all by the next-door neighbour's viewpoint key frame predictive coding of its left side;
5) the non-key frame of each GOP to described synchronization in the viewpoint group carries out predictive coding, that is: among each GOP the first frame P on the time shaft by with reference to this GOP each key frame I (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle, the second frame P is with reference to this first frame P and this GOP each key frame I predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle, and frame of video P is with reference to former frame P and this GOP each key frame I predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle thereafter; Previous frame predictive coding up to the key frame I of this GOP is finished;
6) among each GOP at the next frame P of key frame on the time shaft by with reference to this GOP each key frame I (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle, frame of video P is with reference to former frame and this GOP each key frame I predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle thereafter; Frame P predictive coding is finished up to this GOP end;
7) along time shaft successively to each GOP according to step 2)-same procedure of step 6) encodes, finishes up to this viewpoint group coding;
8) each viewpoint group is encoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 7), finishes up to all viewpoint group codings.
The decode procedure of above-mentioned coding method, order according to coding is decoded, that is: the key frame I that at first is positioned among each GOP to the synchronization of viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft decodes, each key frame I of the intermediate-view of decoding successively then between this viewpoint is again according to decode each frame of video P among this GOP of time shaft order.
Concrete decode procedure may further comprise the steps:
1) frame of video that at first is positioned among each GOP to the synchronization of viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft is decoded as key frame;
2) decode intermediate-view successively to each key frame between this viewpoint;
3) among each GOP first frame on the time shaft by with reference to this GOP decoding of each key frame (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle, second frame is with reference to this first frame and this GOP each key frame decoding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle, and frame of video is all with reference to former frame and this GOP each key frame decoding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle thereafter; Key frame up to this GOP;
4) and then the frame of video of key frame is by decoding to each key frame (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) between the middle GOP of viewpoint axle with reference to this GOP on the time shaft among each GOP, and frame of video is all decoded to each key frame between the middle GOP of viewpoint axle with reference to former frame and this GOP thereafter; Finish up to this GOP end frame coding;
5) this viewpoint is decoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 4) to each GOP successively along time shaft.
The intra-frame encoding mode that relates in the inventive method is encoded, predictive coding reaches corresponding decoding concrete grammar and is the ordinary skill in the art.
The present invention further specifies the coding method of above-mentioned interactive video in multiple viewpoints as embodiment in conjunction with the concrete condition that the needs coding comprises the multi-view point video of 10 viewpoints.
Present embodiment at first is divided into 10 viewpoints two viewpoint groups that comprise 5 and 5 viewpoints respectively; The coding method of an one viewpoint group may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 3:
1) each viewpoint video adopts the same GOP length of 15 frames in the viewpoint group, and corresponding GOP time shaft original position is identical;
2) choose the 7th frame that is positioned among each GOP of synchronization in the viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft as key frame, that is: P 7,1, P 7,2, P 7,3, P 7,4, P 7,5As key frame;
3) at first to the key frame of the GOP that is positioned at the 3rd viewpoint in the middle of the viewpoint axle in the viewpoint group (i.e. the 7th frame P 7,3) adopt intra-frame encoding mode to encode;
4) then the key frame of the GOP of other viewpoint is carried out predictive coding; That is: P 7,2, P 7,4By reference P 7,3Predictive coding; P 7,1By reference P 7,2Predictive coding; P 7,5By reference P 7,4Predictive coding;
5) the non-key frame of each GOP of this synchronization is encoded, first frame among each GOP on the time shaft is by with reference to this GOP each key frame (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) predictive coding, that is: P between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle again 1,1With reference to P 7,1, P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P 1,2With reference to P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P 1,3With reference to P 7,3Predictive coding, P 1,4With reference to P 7,3, P 7,4Predictive coding, P 1,5With reference to P 7,3, P 7,4, P 7,5Predictive coding; Thereafter frame of video is all with reference to former frame and this GOP each key frame predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle; Previous frame predictive coding up to the key frame of this GOP is finished; That is: P I, 1With reference to P I-1,1And P 7,1, P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 2With reference to P I-1,2And P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 3With reference to P I-1,3And P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 4With reference to P I-1,5And P 7,3, P 7,4Predictive coding, P I, 5With reference to P I-1,5And P 7,3, P 7,4, P 7,5Predictive coding (i is 2 to 6 integer);
6) on the time shaft among each GOP of this synchronization and then the next frame of key frame by with reference to this GOP each key frame (key frame that comprises this GOP and middle GOP) the predictive coding woman predictive coding between the GOP, that is: P in the middle of the viewpoint axle 8,1With reference to P 7,1, P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P 8,2With reference to P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P 8,3With reference to P 7,3Predictive coding, P 8,4With reference to P 7,3, P 7,4Predictive coding, P 8,5With reference to P 7,3, P 7,4, P 7,5Predictive coding; Thereafter frame of video is all with reference to former frame and this GOP each key frame predictive coding between the GOP in the middle of the viewpoint axle; Finish up to this GOP end frame coding; That is: P I, 1With reference to P I-1,1And P 7,1, P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 2With reference to P I-1,2And P 7,2, P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 3With reference to P I-1,3And P 7,3Predictive coding, P I, 4With reference to P I-1,5And P 7,3, P 7,4Predictive coding, P I, 5With reference to P I-1,5And P 7,3, P 7,4, P 7,5Predictive coding (i is 9 to 15 integer);
7) along time shaft successively to other constantly each GOP according to step 2)-same procedure of step 6) encodes, finishes up to this viewpoint group coding;
8) second viewpoint group encoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 7), finishes up to all viewpoint group codings.
Viewpoint according to required decoding in the foregoing description is decoded detailed decoded video frames process such as table 1 according to the order of its coding:
Table 1
Viewpoint 1 2 3 4 5
Step 1) To P 7，3The decoding of employing frame mode To P 7，3The decoding of employing frame mode To P 7，3The decoding of employing frame mode To P 7，3The decoding of employing frame mode To P 7，3The decoding of employing frame mode
Step 2) By reference P 7，3Decoding P 7，2，P 7，1 By reference P 7，3Decoding P 7，2 Do not have By reference P 7，3Decoding P 7，4 By reference P 7，3Decoding P 7，4，P 7，5
Step 3) By reference P 7，3 P 7，2，P 7，1Decoding P 1，1 By reference P i-i，1And P 7，3， P 7，2，P 7，1Decoding P i，1(i is 2 to 6 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，2Decoding P 1，2 By reference P i，1，2And P 7，3，P 7，2Decoding P i，2(i is 2 to 6 integer) By reference P 7，3Decoding P 1，3, by reference P i-1，3And P 7，3Separate P i，3(i is 2 to 6 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，4Decoding P 1，4, by reference P i-1，4And P 7，3，P 7，4Decoding P i，4(i is 2 to 6 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，4，P 7，5Decoding P 1，5, by reference P i-1，5And P 7，3，P 7，4，P 7，5Decoding P i，5(i is 2 to 6 integer)
Step 4) By reference P 7，3 P 7，2，P 7，1Decoding P 8，1, by reference P i-1，1And P 7，3， P 7，2，P 7，1Decoding P i，1(i is 9 to 15 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，2Decoding P 8，2 By reference P i-1，2And P 7，3，P 7，2Decoding P i，2(i is 9 to 15 integer) By reference P 7，3Decoding P 8，3, by reference P i-1，3And P 7，3Decoding P i，3(i is 9 to 15 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，4Decoding P 8，4, by reference P i-1，4And P 7，3，P 7，4Decoding P i，4(i is 9 to 15 integer) By reference P 7，3， P 7，4，P 7，5Decoding P 8，5, by reference P i-1，5And P 7，3， P 7，4，P 7，5Decoding P i，5(i is 9 to 15 integer)
Step 5 Successively each GOP of other moment is decoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 4) along time shaft Along time shaft successively to other constantly each GOP according to step 1)-step 4) same procedure decode Successively each GOP of other moment is decoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 4) along time shaft Successively each GOP of other moment is decoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 4) along time shaft Successively each GOP of other moment is decoded according to the same procedure of step 1)-step 4) along time shaft
Relate in the present embodiment the coding method and the said method of another viewpoint group identical, do not repeat to state to chat at this.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of coding method of interactive video in multiple viewpoints is characterized in that, each road video data that a plurality of video camera synchronous acquisition are got off is divided into a plurality of viewpoint groups successively according to the adjacent position of its collection, and each viewpoint group viewpoint number is identical; Adopt interaction prediction coding between viewpoint in the viewpoint group, each viewpoint group adopts identical method coding; Adopt interaction prediction coding method between viewpoint in the described viewpoint group, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) each viewpoint video all adopts same frame of video group length in the viewpoint group, and corresponding frame of video group time shaft original position is identical;
2) choose the frame of video that is positioned in each the frame of video group of synchronization in the viewpoint group in the middle of the time shaft as key frame, each key frame all is positioned at synchronization;
3) at first adopt intra-frame encoding mode to encode to the key frame that is positioned at the middle frame of video group of viewpoint axle in the viewpoint group;
4) successively the key frame of each frame of video group is carried out predictive coding from the intermediate-view of viewpoint axle to the both sides viewpoint;
5) the non-key frame of each frame of video group to synchronization in the viewpoint group carries out predictive coding: first frame in each frame of video group on the time shaft passes through with reference to this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the viewpoint axle intermediate video frame group, second frame with reference to this first frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle, thereafter frame of video all with reference to this frame former frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle; Previous frame predictive coding up to the key frame of this frame of video group is finished;
6) in each frame of video group the next frame of key frame on the time shaft by with reference to this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle, thereafter frame of video all with reference to this frame former frame and this frame of video group to each key frame predictive coding between the intermediate video frame group of viewpoint axle; Finish up to this frame of video group end frame predictive coding;
7) along time shaft successively to the frame of video group of each synchronization according to step 2) same procedure of a step 6) encodes, finishes up to this viewpoint group coding;
8) each viewpoint group is encoded according to the same procedure of step 1) one step 7), finishes up to all viewpoint group codings.
2, the coding method of interactive video in multiple viewpoints according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 4) is carried out predictive coding to the key frame of each frame of video group successively from the intermediate-view of viewpoint axle to the both sides viewpoint and is: the key frame that is positioned at each viewpoint of intermediate-view left side of viewpoint axle all is close to the predictive coding of viewpoint key frame by its right side; The key frame that is positioned at each viewpoint of intermediate-view right side of viewpoint axle all is close to the predictive coding of viewpoint key frame by its left side.
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