CN100571401C - Determine the method and the device thereof of reference frame - Google Patents
Determine the method and the device thereof of reference frame Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of definite reference frame, this method comprises: calculate and to choose the performance index under the view internal reference frame condition and to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition; Relatively choose performance index and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition under the view internal reference frame condition, and when the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition, described inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block.The invention also discloses a kind of device of definite reference frame.The present invention can reasonably select reference frame, avoided prior art can select the defective of inter-view reference frame in no instance, also made and adopt the inter-view reference frame can occur with higher high rate as the DIRECT pattern of reference frame as the reference frame of present encoding data block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for multiple view video coding technical field, particularly a kind of definite reference frame and a kind of device of definite reference frame.
Background technology
Development along with multimedia communication technology, people no longer are satisfied with traditional fixed view video and two dimension (2D) planar video, thereby have occurred the demand for free viewpoint video and three-dimensional (3D) video in many applications such as amusement, education, sightseeing and surgery medical science.For example, can select the free view-point TV (FTV) at visual angle and three-dimensional television (3D TV) from the different visual angles video to the beholder who is in diverse location that play by the beholder.Above-mentioned application all requires to use a plurality of video cameras to obtain the vision signal of Same Scene simultaneously with different angles in different locus, and requires effectively the one group of vision signal that is obtained to be carried out compressed encoding and transmission.This group video that is obtained is called as multi-view point video, and the process that they carry out compressed encoding is called as multiple view video coding.Obviously, multiple view video coding is a key technology that realizes that above-mentioned all free viewpoint video classes and 3D video class are used.
HHI has proposed a kind of and advanced video coding (Advanced Video Coding, AVC) Jian Rong multi-view point video predict---graduation B frame predict structure.This technology has made full use of the temporal correlation of single viewpoint video interior views and the correlation between the different points of view view is carried out predictive coding, can obtain higher coding gain.Graduation B frame predict structure between the view that is based on AVC shown in Figure 1, wherein S0, S1 ... S7 is the sequence number of each view, T0, T1, T2 ... T3 represents different time points.As seen from Figure 1, S0 is the view that adopts coded system H.264 to encode separately, does not need other view to give a forecast; S2, S4, S6, S7 only have a view as its reference frame; S1, S3, S5 utilize neighbouring view to give a forecast, thereby remove the redundant information between view.
H.264 be up-to-date so far video encoding standard, on performances such as compression efficiency, anti-bit error performance and network insertion, huge raising arranged all.Directly (DIRECT) pattern is a kind of effective interframe encoding mode, and its motion vector (MV) and reference frame index (refIdx) information draw by the MV and the refIdx information inference of encoding block, does not need to transmit, thereby can save certain code check.H.264 the DIRECT pattern in comprises two kinds of time domain DIRECT pattern and spatial domain DIRECT patterns.Wherein, time domain DIRECT pattern is meant that MV is derived by its most contiguous back MV to reference frame same position piece and draws, and the MV information of space DIRECT pattern and refIdx information are to be derived by the MV of the adjacent block of present encoding piece and refIdx to draw.
H.264 the space DIRECT pattern in mainly comprises two big steps: at first finish the reference frame selection process, next finishes the derivation of MV.Fig. 2 has provided the schematic diagram of the adjacent block of current block, and wherein the E piece is the present encoding piece, and the A piece is the left piece of E, and the B piece is the last piece of E, and the C piece is upper right of E, and when the C piece does not exist, comes the replaced C piece with upper left D piece.
In existing space DIRECT pattern, the choice mechanism of reference frame is as follows: choose the reference frame of effective reference frame index refIdx minimum in A, B, the C piece as current block DIRECT pattern.Effective refIdx here is meant the refIdx greater than 0.When certain piece only adopted single directional prediction, the refIdx of a untapped side equaled-1.
In addition, in existing space DIRECT pattern, the MV derivation is as follows: acquiescence is selected the MV of the mean value of A, B, C piece MV as current block E for use; And,, preferentially select the MV of the MV of this piece as current block E if when the reference frame of the reference frame that a piece only arranged among A, B, the C and current block is identical.
In the reference frame selection mechanism of above-mentioned space DIRECT pattern, the non-negative refIdx of minimum is as the reference frame of current block in 3 contiguous blocks of reference frame selection.This mechanism thinks that the more little reference frame of refIdx is similar more to current block.
But, when multi-vision-point encoding, deposited the reference frame of two kinds of character in the reference frame lists simultaneously.A kind of is the reference frame that is in same view with present frame, is called view internal reference frame; Another kind is to be in synchronization with present frame but the reference frame that belongs to different views, is called the inter-view reference frame.For example, in Fig. 1, during constantly frame of T2, T0 and T4 frame constantly is its view internal reference frame among the S1 in the coding S1 view, and among the S0 among T2 and the S2 T2 frame constantly be its inter-view reference frame.
Mechanism during H.264 reference frame management mechanism in the multi-vision-point encoding still continued to use adopts two reference frame lists.Different is to deposit view internal reference frame earlier, deposits the inter-view reference frame then, because the refIdx of the reference frame deposited earlier is less, so the refIdx of view internal reference frame is always less than the refIdx of inter-view reference frame.So, according to the reference frame selection mechanism of space DIRECT, as long as have a piece to select view internal reference frame in three contiguous blocks as the reference frame, the reference frame of the current block view internal reference frame of will hanking so.Yet,, illustrate that so to a certain extent correlation is stronger between view if having two pieces to select the inter-view reference frame in three contiguous blocks as the reference frame.But existing mechanism has caused adopting the inter-view reference frame very little as the probability of the DIRECT pattern appearance of reference frame, thereby has reduced the efficient of coding.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of method of definite reference frame, can avoid existing multiple view video coding technology can select the problem of inter-view reference frame in no instance as present encoding data block reference frame.The invention allows for a kind of device of definite reference frame.
The invention provides a kind of method of definite reference frame, this method comprises:
Calculating is chosen the performance index under the view internal reference frame condition and is chosen performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition;
Relatively choose performance index and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition under the view internal reference frame condition, and when the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition, described inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block;
Described view internal reference frame is for being in the reference frame of same view with present frame, and described inter-view reference frame is for being in synchronization with present frame but belong to the reference frame of different views;
Described performance index are bit rate or distortion rate or cost; Described cost is the product of bit rate and distortion rate.
This method further comprises: whether flag bit is set, be the inter-view reference frame in order to the reference frame of representing current data block.
This method further comprises: when the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block; And/or, when the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame are defined as the reference frame of current data block.
This method further comprises: flag bit is set, and is view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame in order to the reference frame of representing current data block.
Described calculating further comprises before choosing the performance index under the view internal reference frame condition and choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition: choose view internal reference frame and the inter-view reference frame reference frame as current data block in reference frame lists.
This method further comprises: reference frame puts in order in the change reference frame lists.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of definite reference frame, and this device comprises:
The performance Index Calculation module is used to calculate the performance index chosen under the view internal reference frame condition and calculating and chooses performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition;
The reference frame determination module, be used for the more described performance index of choosing under the view internal reference frame condition and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition, and the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are defined as described inter-view reference frame the reference frame of current block when being better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition;
Described view internal reference frame is for being in the reference frame of same view with present frame, and described inter-view reference frame is for being in synchronization with present frame but belong to the reference frame of different views;
Described performance index are bit rate or distortion rate or cost; Described cost is the product of bit rate and distortion rate.
Whether the reference frame that described reference frame determination module is further used for being provided with in order to the expression current block is the flag bit of inter-view reference frame.
When described reference frame determination module is further used for performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition and is better than choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block, and/or, when the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame are defined as the reference frame of current data block.
The reference frame that described reference frame determination module is further used for being provided with in order to the expression current block is the flag bit of view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame.
This device further comprises: choose module, be used for choosing view internal reference frame and inter-view reference frame as the current data block reference frame in reference frame lists, and offer described performance Index Calculation module.
From such scheme as can be seen, because having calculated, the present invention choosing view internal reference frame as the performance index under the present encoding data block reference frame situation and choosing the inter-view reference frame as the performance index under the present encoding data block reference frame situation, and when the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block, thereby make and reasonably selected reference frame, avoided prior art can select the defective of inter-view reference frame in no instance, also made and adopt the inter-view reference frame can occur with higher high rate as the DIRECT pattern of reference frame as the reference frame of present encoding data block.Owing to can under the better situation of performance index, encode, so the present invention has also improved the efficient of coding.And owing to improved the probability that the DIRECT pattern occurs, and the DIRECT pattern need not to carry out estimation and also need not to carry MV and refIdx, so the present invention has also further improved the efficient of coding, has reduced the coded data amount.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on graduation B frame predict structure between the view of AVC;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the adjacent blocks of current block;
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow sheet of determining the method for reference frame in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a structural representation of determining the device of reference frame in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the number figure that chooses the DIRECT pattern when adopting JMVM2 and embodiment of the invention method.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.
The main purpose of multi-vision-point encoding is in order to remove the correlation between view, and existing work is mainly being done around this problem.Joint video team (JVT) has been set up some core experiments, synthesizes as luminance compensation, view etc.Specific to the coding layer, wish exactly to adopt the ratio of inter-view reference frame to increase to some extent.The DIRECT pattern improve play a part aspect the compression efficiency important.According to the analysis of front, adopt the inter-view reference frame very little as the probability of the DIRECT pattern of reference frame.
Embodiments of the invention are considered the independence of correlation between temporal correlation and view, respectively view internal reference frame and inter-view reference frame are done the DIRECT pattern, select a preferable reference frame as space DIRECT pattern of performance index.
The data block of present encoding can be piece (block), macro block (macro block) etc., is that representative is described in the following description with the piece.
In embodiments of the present invention, can also add the expression reference frame simultaneously is the flag bit Direct_rps_flag of view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame.For example, if Direct_rps_flag equals 0, adopt view internal reference frame; If Direct_rps_flag equals 1, adopt the inter-view reference frame.Adopt this method can compare the view correlation and the temporal correlation of present encoding piece fully.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow sheet of determining the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern in the embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 3, this method comprises following flow process:
In reference frame lists, choose view internal reference frame and have many kinds of methods.For example, identify according to the view recognition in the reference frame information and to choose, the reference frame that the view recognition sign is consistent with the view recognition sign of current block is a view internal reference frame, and the view recognition of view recognition sign and current block to identify inconsistent reference frame be the inter-view reference frame, therefore choose the view recognition sign here and identify consistent reference frame with the view recognition of current block.In addition, also can utilize the playing sequence of video to choose, the time point reference frame different with the time point of current block is view internal reference frame, the reference frame that time point is identical with the time point of current block is the inter-view reference frame, therefore at this some access time reference frame different with the time point of current block.Need to prove that the present invention is not limited to these methods.
Can adopt several different methods to come calculation cost cost_intra_view.For instance: at first, obtain reconstruction frames with the MV that derives according to described view internal reference frame; Then, calculate distortion rate according to reconstruction frames and present frame; Then, calculate cost_intra_view according to distortion rate and encoded bit rate, for example distortion rate and bit rate being coordinated obtains a cost_inter_view.What introduce here is a kind of comparatively simple example, also has the method for other many calculation costs in the prior art, do not describe one by one here, and the present invention is not limited to said method.
Equally, in reference frame lists, choose the inter-view reference frame and have many kinds of methods.For example, identify according to the view recognition in the reference frame information and to choose, the reference frame that the view recognition sign is consistent with the view recognition sign of current block is a view internal reference frame, and the view recognition of view recognition sign and current block to identify inconsistent reference frame be the inter-view reference frame, identify inconsistent reference frame so choose the view recognition of view recognition sign and current block here.In addition, also can utilize the playing sequence of video to choose, the time point reference frame different with the time point of current block is view internal reference frame, the reference frame that time point is identical with the time point of current block is the inter-view reference frame, therefore at this some access time reference frame identical with the time point of current block.Equally, the present invention is not limited to these methods.
Can use the whole bag of tricks described in the top step 102 to come calculation cost cost_inter_view in this step, only need view internal reference frame is wherein replaced with the inter-view reference frame.Equally, the present invention is not limited to this computational methods.
It should be noted that, fall into a trap to let it pass in step 101 to step 102 and choosing view internal reference frame as the performance index under the reference frame situation of current block space DIRECT pattern, fall into a trap to let it pass in step 103 to step 104 and choosing the inter-view reference frame as the performance index under the reference frame situation of current block space DIRECT pattern, when specific implementation, step 101 to step 102 and step 103 to step 104 need do not carried out according to said sequence, can first execution in step 103 to step 104 back execution in step 101 to step 102, also simultaneously execution in step 101 to step 102 and step 103 to step 104.Top declaration order is that the present invention does not do special restriction to this for convenience.
When performance index are specially cost, in this step, compare cost_intra_view and cost_inter_view, at cost_intra_view greater than cost_inter_view and cost_inter_view during less than cost_intra_view, the inter-view reference frame of choosing in the step 103 is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, execution in step 106 and subsequent step thereof; Otherwise, the view internal reference frame of choosing in the step 101 is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, execution in step 107 and subsequent step thereof.Certainly, when cost_intra_view=cost_inter_view, the inter-view reference frame of choosing in the step 103 can be defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, also the view internal reference frame of choosing in the step 101 can be defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern.
In addition, also Direct_rps_flag=0 can be set, decoding end is the same with prior art so decodes according to view internal reference frame.
It should be noted that, when the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame can be defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern.
After the said method that uses present embodiment, reference frame lists can be deposited reference frame not according to depositing the order of depositing the inter-view reference frame behind the view internal reference frame in the prior art earlier, can further change putting in order of reference frame in the existing reference frame lists so, thus the flexibility that has improved reference frame management.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that is used for the device of definite reference frame in the embodiment of the invention, and with reference to Fig. 4, this device comprises performance Index Calculation module and reference frame determination module, can further include to choose module.
Wherein, the performance Index Calculation module is mainly used in calculating and is choosing view internal reference frame as the performance index under the reference frame situation of current block space DIRECT pattern, and calculates and choosing the inter-view reference frame as the performance index under the reference frame situation of current block space DIRECT pattern.This performance Index Calculation module can adopt the performance Index Calculation method of describing in above-mentioned steps 102 and the step 104.With calculation cost cost_intra_view is example, at first, obtains reconstruction frames according to described view internal reference frame with the MV that derives; Then, calculate distortion rate according to reconstruction frames and present frame; Then, calculate cost_intra_view according to distortion rate and encoded bit rate.
The reference frame determination module is mainly used in performance index of relatively choosing under the view internal reference frame condition and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition, when the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition, the inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, otherwise view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern.In addition, when the performance index of described reference frame determination module under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, the inter-view reference frame can be defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, also view internal reference frame can be defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern.
Further, when the inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, the reference frame that the reference frame determination module can also be provided with in order to expression current block space DIRECT pattern is the flag bit of inter-view reference frame, for example foregoing Direct_rps_flag=1 that is provided with.So, in decoding end, just can learn that the space DIRECT schema reference frame of current block is the inter-view reference frame, thereby decode according to the inter-view reference frame according to this flag bit.
In addition, when view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern, the reference frame that the reference frame determination module can be provided with in order to expression current block space DIRECT pattern is the flag bit of view internal reference frame, Direct_rps_flag=0 for example is set, so, just can learn that the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern is a view internal reference frame in decoding end, thereby decode according to view internal reference frame according to this flag bit; The reference frame determination module also can not be provided with flag bit, and decoding end is the same with prior art so decodes according to view internal reference frame.
Continuation is with reference to Fig. 4, the described module of choosing is mainly used in reference frame lists and selects view internal reference frame to select the reference frame of inter-view reference frame as current block space DIRECT pattern as the reference frame of current block space DIRECT pattern and in reference frame lists, then selected view internal reference frame and inter-view reference frame is offered described performance Index Calculation module.This is chosen module and can adopt the method described in step 101 and the step 103 to operate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Device as shown in Figure 4 can be used as a part of encoding device.
After the scheme that adopts this enforcement, adopt the inter-view reference frame to increase to some extent, thereby can improve code efficiency as the ratio of the DIRECT pattern of reference frame.Because the MV of DIRECT pattern and refldx information are drawn by the contiguous block derivation, the search that do not need to take exercises can not introduced very big amount of calculation so do twice DIRECT pattern in step 101 to step 104 Shen simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is the number figure that chooses the DIRECT pattern when adopting JMVM2 and embodiment of the invention method, and the mean value that ballroom sequence S1 chooses to the S7DIRECT pattern after having provided JMVM2 and having adopted the above-mentioned technical solutions of this embodiment compares.In Fig. 5, abscissa is frame number (FrameNum), ordinate is the piece number (DirectNum) of selection DIRECT pattern, selects the piece number of DIRECT pattern when wherein the JMVM2 technology is adopted in " ▲ " expression, selects the piece number of DIRECT pattern after " ■ " expression employing present embodiment technology.After as can be seen from Figure 5 adopting the present embodiment technical scheme, the DIRECT pattern is chosen ratio to be increased to some extent.And the increase that the DIRECT pattern is chosen can improve code efficiency, reduces the amount of calculation of coding and subsequent decoding.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of method of definite reference frame is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Calculating is chosen the performance index under the view internal reference frame condition and is chosen performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition;
Relatively choose performance index and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition under the view internal reference frame condition, and when the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition, described inter-view reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block;
Described view internal reference frame is for being in the reference frame of same view with present frame, and described inter-view reference frame is for being in synchronization with present frame but belong to the reference frame of different views;
Described performance index are bit rate or distortion rate or cost; Described cost is the product of bit rate and distortion rate.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
Whether flag bit is set, be the inter-view reference frame in order to the reference frame of representing current data block.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
When the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition are better than choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current data block; And/or
When the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame are defined as the reference frame of current data block.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
Flag bit is set, and is view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame in order to the reference frame of representing current data block.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described calculating further comprises before choosing the performance index under the view internal reference frame condition and choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition: choose view internal reference frame and the inter-view reference frame reference frame as current data block in reference frame lists.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
Reference frame puts in order in the change reference frame lists.
7, a kind of device of definite reference frame is characterized in that, this device comprises:
The performance Index Calculation module is used to calculate the performance index chosen under the view internal reference frame condition and calculating and chooses performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition;
The reference frame determination module, be used for the more described performance index of choosing under the view internal reference frame condition and the performance index of choosing under the inter-view reference frame condition, and the performance index under choosing the inter-view reference frame condition are defined as described inter-view reference frame the reference frame of current block when being better than choosing performance index under the view internal reference frame condition;
Described view internal reference frame is for being in the reference frame of same view with present frame, and described inter-view reference frame is for being in synchronization with present frame but belong to the reference frame of different views;
Described performance index are bit rate or distortion rate or cost; Described cost is the product of bit rate and distortion rate.
8, device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, whether the reference frame that described reference frame determination module is further used for being provided with in order to the expression current block is the flag bit of inter-view reference frame.
9, device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, when described reference frame determination module is further used for performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition and is better than choosing performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame is defined as the reference frame of current block, and/or, when the performance index under choosing view internal reference frame condition equal to choose performance index under the inter-view reference frame condition, described view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame are defined as the reference frame of current data block.
10, device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the reference frame that described reference frame determination module is further used for being provided with in order to the expression current block is the flag bit of view internal reference frame or inter-view reference frame.
11, device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, this device further comprises:
Choose module, be used for choosing view internal reference frame and inter-view reference frame, and offer described performance Index Calculation module as the current data block reference frame in reference frame lists.
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