CN101494778B - Multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a multi-view telescoping coding frame, which performs video stream transmission coding to more than one view point information, including: first of all, performing stratification to a plurality of view points according to the importance of the view points, dividing into I view point layer, P view point layer and B view point layer in sequence according to their importance, to realize the telescoping capacity of the view point number; and then performing space domain stratification to each view point video image according to the resolution needs of three-dimensional display terminal to multi viewpoint video image, to realize the telescoping capacity of view point image resolution; finally, performing quality stratification to the highness resolution space domain layer video image of each viewpoint based on the transmission band-width conditions of the three-dimensional display terminal, thereby realizing the telescoping capacity of the view point video quality, providing telescoping multi-viewpoint stream, which may also be applied to three-dimensional display terminals with the different number of view points, different resolution and bandwidth requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to video coding and process field, be specifically related to the research of viewpoint layering, spatial domain layering and quality hierarchical coding algorithm in the multiple view video coding process.
Background technology
Existing multiple view video coding framework is mainly to improve code efficiency, as shown in Figure 1.This coding structure divides a plurality of viewpoints for I viewpoint, P viewpoint and B viewpoint.The I viewpoint, the hierarchical B frame coding mode of employing standard is as the viewpoint among Fig. 10.The P viewpoint, key images is (as t, t+8 P constantly
0) the unidirectional parallax predictive coding of use; Remaining image adopts the hierarchical B frame coding of standard, as the viewpoint among Fig. 12,4.The B viewpoint, key images is (as t, t+8 B constantly
1) the two-way parallax predictive coding of use; Remaining image uses two-way parallax/motion associated prediction coding, as the viewpoint among Fig. 11,3.
Though this predict has been utilized in the viewpoint and the information redundancy between viewpoint preferably, the video flowing of generation can provide the scalable ability of viewpoint, time domain.But the telescopicing performance that lacks spatial domain, quality can not provide the adaptability of the The better resolution and the network bandwidth.The ability of the anti-transmission error of associated prediction structure of a plurality of viewpoints is lower, and when especially the I viewpoint was made mistakes, transmission error may be diffused in whole viewpoints, caused the decline of video quality.Key images only uses unidirectional disparity estimation prediction in the P viewpoint, has reduced multi-vision-point encoding efficient.Non-key image uses reference picture between two time domain reference pictures and two viewpoints in the B viewpoint, and encoder complexity is higher.
Summary of the invention
Above shortcoming in view of prior art, the objective of the invention is to, develop a kind of multiple view video coding framework, make its multiple vision point video stream that scalability is provided, can be applicable to the stereo display terminal of different points of view number, different resolution and bandwidth condition simultaneously.The objective of the invention is to realize by following means:
Multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame, an above view information is carried out the video flowing transfer encoding, at first, a plurality of viewpoints are carried out layering according to the significance level of viewpoint, be divided into I viewpoint layer, P viewpoint layer and B viewpoint layer successively by its importance, to realize the flexible ability of viewpoint number; According to the resolution requirements of stereo display terminal, each viewpoint video image is carried out the spatial domain layering then, to realize the flexible ability of visual point image resolution to multi-viewpoint video image; At last,, the high-resolution spatial domain layer video of each viewpoint is carried out the quality layering, thereby realize the flexible ability of viewpoint video quality according to the transmission bandwidth condition of stereo display terminal; Specific coding framework constituted mode is as follows:
(1), the multi-vision-point encoding number of plies is set, according to the order of I viewpoint layer, P viewpoint layer, B viewpoint layer each viewpoint layer of encoding successively according to the stereo display terminal requirements.
(2) the spatial domain hierarchy number of each viewpoint layer is set, encodes successively to spatial domain layer n from spatial domain layer 0; The image resolution ratio minimum of spatial domain layer 0, the image resolution ratio maximum of spatial domain layer n.
The coded system of spatial domain layer 0 wherein
A) I viewpoint layer adopts the coded system coding based on crucial reference frame: judge according to crucial reference frame selection strategy whether frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame; Crucial reference frame uses the reconstructed image of previous I frame or crucial reference frame to be reference, carries out inter prediction encoding; Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding.
B) P viewpoint layer is a reference picture between viewpoint with the reconstructed image of resolution together with contiguous I viewpoint layer or P viewpoint layer constantly, adopts the coded system coding based on crucial reference frame; If reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, then the to be encoded of P viewpoint layer is crucial reference frame; Crucial reference frame coding: when reference picture between viewpoint is the I frame, carry out unidirectional parallax predictive coding; When reference picture between viewpoint is crucial reference frame, carry out parallax/motion associated prediction coding; Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding.
C) B viewpoint layer is that reference picture is encoded between viewpoint with the reconstructed image of resolution together with the contiguous layer of coded views constantly; If reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, use two-way parallax predictive coding; If reference picture is non-key reference frame between viewpoint, use hierarchical B frame coding mode coding.
Adopt design as above, framework of the present invention has effectively utilized the adaptability advantage of the feature of multiple view video coding and spatial domain, quality hierarchical coding, thereby provides a kind of viewpoint number, resolution, the quality all can be according to the flexible arbitrarily multiple vision point video stream of user's request, the network bandwidth.Simultaneously crucial reference frame technology is introduced in the multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame, effectively the control transmission mistake is to the influence of multi-view point video quality.
Adopt the present invention, the multiple view video coding device carries out hierarchical coding to the multi-view point video sequence of obtaining according to multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame, obtains telescopic multiple vision point video stream.Obtain each spatial domain layer of I viewpoint layer, each quality layers video flowing successively according to coding structure; Each spatial domain layer of P viewpoint layer, each quality layers video flowing; Each spatial domain layer of B viewpoint layer, each quality layers video flowing.Being transferred to the multi-view point video server successively stores or transmits.When the user asked multiple vision point video stream, the multi-view point video server extracted the subcode stream that meets the demands according to user's the network bandwidth, specified resolution and viewpoint number from many viewpoints code stream, and packing is transferred to user's decoding.The viewpoint coding layer that the user receives is many more, and spendable multi-view point video number is just many more; The spatial domain layer that receives is many more, and image resolution ratio is just high more; The quality layers that receives is many more, and picture quality is also just good more.If the stereo mobile telephone user, only need receive the video flowing of the low resolution of two viewpoint layers, just can satisfy the needs of its stereos copic viewing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is prior art multiple view video coding framework figure,
Fig. 2 is a multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame framework map of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete execution mode.
The multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame that the present invention of being shown in Figure 2 proposes is an example with 5 viewpoints, is designated as V0-V4.5 viewpoints are divided into 1 I viewpoint layer (V2), 2 P viewpoint layers (V0, V4), 2 B viewpoint layers (V1, V3).Simultaneously I viewpoint layer is encoded to 3 spatial domain layers, 1 quality layers; P viewpoint layer is encoded to 2 spatial domain layers, 1 quality layers; B viewpoint layer is encoded to 1 spatial domain layer, 3 quality layers.Wherein, intracoded frame is designated as that I, crucial reference frame are designated as K, bi-directional predicted frames is designated as B.
I viewpoint layer coding, in Fig. 2, viewpoint 2 is an I viewpoint layer.
The coded system of spatial domain layer 0: at first judge and treat according to crucial reference frame selection strategy
Whether coding is crucial reference frame.If crucial reference frame uses previous I frame or crucial reference frame reconstructed image to be reference, carry out inter prediction encoding.In Fig. 2 viewpoint 2, t+4 crucial reference frame V2-K (t+4) constantly is reference with the reconstructed image of V2-I (t).Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding, and in Fig. 2 viewpoint 2, t+2 coded frame V2-B (t+2) constantly is reference with the reconstructed image of V2-I (t) and V2-K (t+4).
All the other spatial domain layers adopt spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
P viewpoint coding, in Fig. 2, viewpoint 0,4 is a P viewpoint layer, according to the sequencing of viewpoint coded views 0 and viewpoint 4 successively.
(1) coded system of spatial domain layer 0: is reference picture between viewpoint with contiguous I viewpoint layer or P viewpoint layer with the reconstructed image of differentiating together constantly, if reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, frame then to be encoded is crucial reference frame.Crucial reference frame coding: when reference picture between viewpoint is the I frame, carry out unidirectional parallax predictive coding, in Fig. 2 viewpoint 0, t crucial reference frame V0-K (t) constantly is reference with spatial domain layer 1 reconstructed image of V2-I (t); When reference picture between viewpoint is crucial reference frame, carry out parallax/motion combined coding, in Fig. 2 viewpoint 0, t+4 crucial reference frame V0-K (t+4) constantly is reference with spatial domain layer 1 reconstructed image of V2-K (t+4) and the spatial domain layer 0 of V0-K (t).Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding, and in Fig. 2 viewpoint 0, t+1 coded frame V0-B (t+1) constantly is reference with the reconstructed image of V0-K (t) and V0-B (t+2).
(2) all the other spatial domain layers adopt spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
B viewpoint layer coding, in Fig. 2, viewpoint 1,3 be bi-directional predicted layer, according to the sequencing of viewpoint, coded views 1 and viewpoint 3 successively.
(1) this prediction interval has used a spatial domain layer, and 3 quality layers are about to spatial domain layer 0 and are encoded to 3 quality layers, successively coding quality layer 0, quality layers 1, quality layers 2.
(2) coded system of quality layers 1: with contiguous coded views layer is reference picture between viewpoint with the reconstructed image of resolution together constantly, encodes.If reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, carry out two-way parallax predictive coding, in Fig. 2 viewpoint 1, t coded frame V1-B (t) constantly is reference with V0-K (t) spatial domain layer 1 reconstructed image and V2-I (t) spatial domain layer 2 reconstructed image.If reference picture is non-key reference frame between viewpoint, use hierarchical B frame coding mode coding, in Fig. 2 viewpoint 1, t+2 coded frame V1-B (t+2) constantly is reference with V1-B (t) reconstructed image and V1-B (t+4) reconstructed image.
(3) quality layers 1, quality layers 2 adopt quality hierarchical coding mode to encode.
Like this, 5 viewpoints of encoding altogether are divided into 1 I viewpoint layer, 2 P viewpoint layers, 2 B viewpoint layers.Simultaneously I viewpoint layer is encoded to 3 spatial domain layers (qcif, cif, D1), 1 quality layers; P viewpoint layer is encoded to 2 spatial domain layers (cif, D1), 1 quality layers; B viewpoint layer is encoded to 1 spatial domain layer (D1), 3 quality layers.Insert a crucial reference frame every 3 frames, insert an I frame every 8 frames.Adopt the hierarchical B frame, the GOP size is 4, and the time order and function of note coding is t, t+4, t+2, t+1, t+3, t+8, t+6, t+5, t+7 in proper order.
T constantly
(1) viewpoint 2 is an I viewpoint layer, is designated as V2-I (t).Spatial domain layer 0 adopts the intraframe coding method coding; Spatial domain layer 1-2 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(2) viewpoint 0 is a P viewpoint layer, and frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame, is designated as V0-K (t).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-I (t) spatial domain layer 1 reconstructed image, carries out unidirectional parallax predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(3) viewpoint 4 is a P viewpoint layer, and frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame, is designated as V4-K (t).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-I (t) spatial domain layer 1 reconstructed image, carries out unidirectional parallax predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(4) viewpoint 1 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V1-B (t).Quality layers 0 is reference with V0-K (t) spatial domain layer 1 and V2-I (t) spatial domain layer 2, carries out two-way parallax predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
(5) viewpoint 3 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V3-B (t).Quality layers 0 is reference with V2-I (t) spatial domain layer 2 and V4-K (t) spatial domain layer 1, carries out two-way parallax predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
T+4 constantly
(1) viewpoint 2 is an I viewpoint layer, and frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame, is designated as V2-K (t+4).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-I (t) reconstructed image, carries out inter prediction encoding; Spatial domain layer 1-2 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(2) viewpoint 0 is a P viewpoint layer, and frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame, is designated as V0-K (t+4).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 1 and V0-K (t) spatial domain layer 0 reconstructed image, carries out parallax/motion associated prediction coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(3) viewpoint 4 is a P viewpoint layer, and frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame, is designated as V4-K (t+4).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 1 and V4-K (t) spatial domain layer 0 reconstructed image, carries out parallax/motion associated prediction coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(4) viewpoint 1 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V1-B (t+4).Quality layers 0 is reference with V0-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 1 and V2-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 2, carries out two-way parallax predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
(5) viewpoint 3 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V3-B (t+4).Quality layers 0 is reference with V2-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 2 and V4-K (t+4) spatial domain layer 1, carries out two-way parallax predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
T+2 constantly
(1) viewpoint 2 is an I viewpoint layer, is designated as V2-B (t+2).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-I (t) and V2-K (t+4) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1-2 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(2) viewpoint 0 is a P viewpoint layer, is designated as V0-B (t+2).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V0-K (t) and V0-K (t+4) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(3) viewpoint 4 is a P viewpoint layer, is designated as V4-B (t+2).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V4-K (t) and V4-K (t+4) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(4) viewpoint 1 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V1-B (t+2).Quality layers 0 is reference with V1-B (t) and V1-B (t+4), carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
(5) viewpoint 3 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V3-B (t+2).Quality layers 0 is reference with V3-B (t) and V3-B (t+4), carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
T+1 constantly
(1) viewpoint 2 is an I viewpoint layer, is designated as V2-B (t+1).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V2-I (t) and V2-B (t+2) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1-2 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(2) viewpoint 0 is a P viewpoint layer, is designated as V0-B (t+1).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V0-K (t) and V0-B (t+2) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(3) viewpoint 4 is a P viewpoint layer, is designated as V4-B (t+1).Spatial domain layer 0 is reference with V4-K (t) and V4-B (t+2) reconstructed image, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Spatial domain layer 1 uses spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode.
(4) viewpoint 1 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V1-B (t+1).Quality layers 0 is reference with V1-B (t) and V1-B (t+2), carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
(5) viewpoint 3 is a B viewpoint layer, is designated as V3-B (t+1).Quality layers 0 is reference with V3-B (t) and V3-B (t+2) spatial domain layer 1, carries out bi-directional predictive coding; Quality layers 1-2 service quality hierarchical coding mode is encoded.
Coded system is identical constantly with t+1 constantly for t+3
Coded system is identical constantly with t constantly for t+8
Coded system is identical constantly with t+2 constantly for t+6
Coded system is identical constantly with t+1 constantly for t+5, t+7.
Multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding frame of the present invention can encode a plurality of viewpoint layers, a plurality of spatial domains layer and a plurality of quality layers, can satisfy a plurality of different stereo display demands simultaneously, the multiple vision point video stream of generation need satisfy many viewpoints high-resolution time three-dimensional terminal that realizes that stereo mobile telephone user, common many viewpoints display terminal, many people watch simultaneously.If only at single stereoscopic display device, viewpoint number, resolution and a plurality of quality layers that the display device of then only need encoding needs.
Adopt basic skills of the present invention, can derive more practical solution in concrete enforcement, these practical solution are not limit by listed embodiment obviously should.
Claims (3)
1. multi-eyepoint collapsible encoding method, an above view information is carried out the video flowing transfer encoding, at first, a plurality of viewpoints are carried out layering according to the significance level of viewpoint, be divided into I viewpoint layer, P viewpoint layer and B viewpoint layer successively by its importance, to realize the flexible ability of viewpoint number; According to the resolution requirements of stereo display terminal, each viewpoint video image is carried out the spatial domain layering then, to realize the flexible ability of visual point image resolution to multi-viewpoint video image; At last,, the high-resolution spatial domain layer video of each viewpoint is carried out the quality layering, thereby realize the flexible ability of viewpoint video quality according to the transmission bandwidth condition of stereo display terminal;
Specifically further comprising the steps of:
(1), the multi-vision-point encoding number of plies is set, according to the order of I viewpoint layer, P viewpoint layer, B viewpoint layer each viewpoint layer of encoding successively according to the stereo display terminal requirements;
(2) the spatial domain hierarchy number of each viewpoint layer is set, encodes successively to spatial domain layer n from spatial domain layer 0; The image resolution ratio minimum of spatial domain layer 0, the image resolution ratio maximum of spatial domain layer n; The quality hierarchy number of each viewpoint layer spatial domain layer also is set, encodes successively to quality layers n from quality layers 0;
A, I viewpoint layer are encoded to 3 spatial domain layers, and I viewpoint layer spatial domain layer is encoded to 1 quality layers; Spatial domain layer 0 adopts the coded system coding based on crucial reference frame: judge according to crucial reference frame selection strategy whether frame to be encoded is crucial reference frame; Crucial reference frame uses the reconstructed image of previous I frame or crucial reference frame to be reference, carries out inter prediction encoding; Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding; Spatial domain layer 1,2 adopts spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode;
B, P viewpoint layer are encoded to 2 spatial domain layers, and P viewpoint layer spatial domain layer is encoded to 1 quality layers; Spatial domain layer 0 is a reference picture between viewpoint with the reconstructed image of resolution together with contiguous I viewpoint layer or P viewpoint layer constantly, adopts the coded system coding based on crucial reference frame; If reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, then the frame to be encoded of P viewpoint layer is crucial reference frame; Crucial reference frame coding: when reference picture between viewpoint is the I frame, carry out unidirectional parallax predictive coding; When reference picture between viewpoint is crucial reference frame, carry out parallax/motion associated prediction coding; Non-key reference frame uses hierarchical B frame coding mode coding; Spatial domain layer 1 adopts spatial domain hierarchical coding mode to encode;
C, B viewpoint layer are encoded to 1 spatial domain layer; B viewpoint layer spatial domain layer is 3 quality layers; Quality layers 0 is that reference picture is encoded between viewpoint with the reconstructed image of resolution together with the contiguous layer of coded views constantly; If reference picture is I frame or crucial reference frame between viewpoint, use two-way parallax predictive coding; If reference picture is non-key reference frame between viewpoint, use hierarchical B frame coding mode coding; Quality layers 1,2 adopts quality hierarchical coding mode to encode.
According to claim 1 described more than the viewpoint flexible coding method, all I of codified, P, B viewpoint layer when the described multi-vision-point encoding number of plies is provided with also can coded portion viewpoint layers.
According to claim 1 described more than the viewpoint flexible coding method, described crucial reference frame selection strategy, can be to insert crucial reference frame every fixed intervals, also can be to consider the dynamically definite crucial reference frame of transmission distortion and multi-vision-point encoding efficient according to the rate-distortion optimization model generalization.
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| CN102196258B (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | I frame encoding method and device |
| CN103493493A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2014-01-01 | 索尼公司 | Encoding device and encoding method, and decoding device and decoding method |
| CN102263973B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-06-19 | 天津大学 | Adaptive displaying method for grating viewpoints based on mobile terminal |
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