CN100435198C - 有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN100435198C
CN100435198C CNB2005100996403A CN200510099640A CN100435198C CN 100435198 C CN100435198 C CN 100435198C CN B2005100996403 A CNB2005100996403 A CN B2005100996403A CN 200510099640 A CN200510099640 A CN 200510099640A CN 100435198 C CN100435198 C CN 100435198C
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河元奎
金学洙
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Neo Lab Convergence Inc.
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动方法，其适于通过除去不需要的电流来减少功耗并改进显示屏的均匀性。根据本发明的实施例的有机电致发光显示设备包括：显示面板，其中多个数据线和多个扫描线彼此交叉，且在交叉点布置电致发光元件；预充电驱动器，其当对应于在第N-1实现的数字视频数据的灰度级的数据电流时检测在第N实现的数字视频数据的灰度级，且计算对应于检测的数字视频数据的灰度级的预充电电流，以提供计算的预充电电流到电致发光元件；数据驱动器，其用于提供数据到以预充电电流充电的电致发光元件；和扫描驱动器，其用于提供与数据同步的扫描脉冲到扫描线。

Description

有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动方法
本申请要求于2004年8月30日提交的韩国专利申请No.P2004-68460的权益，将其在此完全包括并作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机电致发光显示设备，并且更为具体的说，涉及一种有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动方法，该设备适于通过除去不需要的电流来减少功耗并改进显示屏的均匀性。
背景技术
近来，开发了重量和体积更小的多种平板显示器，其没有阴极射线管CRT的缺点。这种平板显示器包括液晶显示器LCD、场发射显示器FED、等离子显示面板PDP和电致发光(在下文中，称为EL)显示设备。
在这些平板显示器中，PDP的结构和制造过程相对简单。因此，具有制造为大尺寸的PDP的优点，但是其缺点在于发光效率和亮度低、且功耗高。
LCD用作笔记本计算机的显示设备，且其需求逐渐增加。但是，因为使用半导体工艺，LCD难以被制造为大尺寸，且LCD因为不是自发光设备，其需要单独的光源。因此，LCD的缺点在于因为单独的光源而功耗高。另外，LCD的缺点在于它由诸如极化滤波器、棱镜薄片和散射面板的光学器件引起的高光损耗，且其视角窄。
EL显示设备通常被分类为无机EL显示设备和有机EL显示设备。该EL显示设备的优点在于它的响应速度快、发光效率和亮度高，且视角宽。有机EL显示设备能以大约10[V]的电压显示几万[cd/m2]的亮度的图像，因此被应用为多数的通常使用的EL显示设备。
在有机EL显示设备的单位元件中，如图1所示，阳极2由透明的导电材料在基片1上形成；且在其上设置空穴注入层3，由有机材料制成的发光层4和由具有低功函的金属制成的阴极5。如果将电场加在阳极2和阴极5之间，那么在空穴注入层3中的空穴和在金属中的电子前进到发光层4，以在发光层4中彼此复合。然后，在发光层4中的荧光材料被激发和跃迁从而产生可见光。在这个情况下，亮度与在阳极2和阴极5之间的电流成正比。
这种有机EL显示设备被分类为无源类型和有源类型。
图2是等效地示出了无源类型有机EL显示设备的一部分的电路图，且图3是示出了无源类型有机EL显示设备中的扫描信号和数据信号的波形的波形图。
参考图2和3，无源类型EL显示设备包括布置在彼此交叉的多个数据线D1-D3和多个扫描线S1-S3之间的交叉点的有机EL元件OLED，以及彼此交叉的多个数据线D1-D3和多个扫描线S1-S3。
数据线D1-D3和有机EL元件OLED的阳极连接，以提供数据电流Id到有机EL元件OLED的阳极。
扫描线S1-S3和有机EL元件OLED的阴极连接，以提供与数据电流Id同步的扫描脉冲SP1-SP3到有机EL元件OLED的阴极。
当在阳极2和阴极5施加扫描脉冲SP1-SP3时，在显示周期DT期间有机EL元件OLED与在阳极2和阴极5之间流动的电流成正比地发光。在由数据线D1-D3的电阻分量和在有机EL元件OLED中存在的电容延迟的响应时间RT期间，对有机EL元件由电流来充电OLED，使得存在低响应速度和低亮度的问题。为了补偿有机EL元件OLED的低响应速度，目前的趋势是在显示周期DT和显示周期DT之间的非显示周期DCHA和PCHA中设置预充电周期PCHA，如图4所示，且在预充电周期PCHA期间对有机EL元件OLED预充电。
但是，在现有技术的预充电驱动方法中，在预充电周期PCHA提供最大数据电流而不考虑在显示周期DT期间经数据线D1-D3加到有机EL元件OLED的数据的灰度级值，且然后在显示周期DT期间，将对应于数据灰度级值的数据电流提供到有机EL元件OLED。因此，如果在显示周期DT期间，经数据线D1-D3提供低灰度级的数据电流到有机EL元件OLED，那么产生过冲，且有机EL元件OLED的显示时间被延迟。另外，因为在低灰度级中在预充电周期PCHA期间经数据线D 1-D3提供到有机EL元件OLED的不需要的电流，有机EL元件OLED被过充电。因此，存在有机EL显示设备中功耗增加的问题。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种有机电致发光显示设备及其驱动该设备的方法，其适于通过除去不需要的电流来减少功耗并用于改进显示屏的均匀性。
为了实现本发明的这些和其它目的，根据本发明实施例的有机电致发光显示设备包括：显示面板，其中多个数据线和多个扫描线彼此交叉，且在交叉点布置电致发光元件；预充电驱动器，其当对应于在第N-1帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级的数据电流时检测在第N帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级，且计算对应于检测的数字视频数据的灰度级的预充电电流，以提供计算的预充电电流到电致发光元件；数据驱动器，其用于提供数据到以预充电电流充电的电致发光元件；和扫描驱动器，其用于提供与数据同步的扫描脉冲到扫描线。
该预充电驱动器根据数字视频数据的灰度级而提供具有彼此不同的电平的预充电电流到有机电致发光元件。
该预充电驱动器包括：数据转换器，其用于将实现的数字视频数据的灰度级转换为模拟电流；和预充电电流计算器，其用于计算对应于在数据转换器中转换的模拟电流的预充电电流。
预充电电流是作为将要实现的数据的电流乘以预充电电流的最大值且之后除以数据电流的最大值得到的结果的值。
提供了一种根据本发明实施例的驱动有机电致发光显示设备的方法，在该有机电致发光显示设备中多个数据线和多个扫描线彼此交叉且在交叉点布置电致发光元件，根据本发明实施例的方法包括：当第N-1帧数据电流被放电时，检测在第N帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级；将检测的数字视频数据的灰度级转换为对应于检测的数字视频数据的灰度级的电平的模拟电流；通过使用转换的模拟电流计算预充电电流；经数据线提供计算的预充电电流到电致发光元件；以及提供数据到以预充电电流充电的电致发光元件。
计算预充电电流的步骤包括将转换的模拟电流乘以预充电电流的最大值且然后除以数据电流的最大值。
附图说明
通过下面参考附图的本发明的实施例的详细说明可以对本发明的这些和其它目的更为清楚，在附图中：
图1是现有技术的有机电致发光显示设备的单位元件的示意性截面图；
图2是无源类型的有机EL显示设备的一部分的等效电路图；
图3是示出了在现有技术的有机EL显示设备的驱动方法中产生的响应时间延迟的波形图；
图4是示出了现有技术的预充电驱动方法的波形图；
图5是示出了根据本发明实施例的有机电致发光显示设备的视图；
图6是示出了图5的预充电驱动器的视图；以及
图7是示出了根据本发明实施例的有机电致发光显示设备的驱动方法的波形图。
具体实施方式
下面详细参考本发明的优选实施例，在附图中示出了其实例。
在下文中，将参考图5-7详细描述本发明的优选实施例。
图5是示出了根据本发明实施例的有机电致发光(EL)显示设备的视图。
参考图5，根据本发明实施例的有机EL显示设备包括：显示面板20，其中以矩阵类型布置m×n个有机EL元件OLED；数据驱动器24，其用于产生数据电流；扫描驱动器26，其用于产生和数据电流同步的扫描脉冲；以及预充电驱动器22，其用于根据数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级计算预充电电流，以提供计算的预充电电流到有机EL元件OLED。
在显示面板20中，m个数据线D1-Dm和n个扫描线S1-Sn彼此交叉，且在交叉点之间布置有机EL元件OLED。
数据驱动器24包括用于顺序地采样数据的位移寄存器电路，和诸如电流镜像电路或电流同步电路的电流源。这种数据驱动器24采样数字视频数据R、G和B，且然后经预充电驱动器22提供对应于数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值的数据电流到数据线D1-Dm。
扫描驱动器26包括位移寄存器电路，其用于顺序地移位扫描脉冲以顺序地提供与数据电流同步的扫描脉冲到扫描线S1-Sn。
在预充电周期期间，预充电驱动器22检测在第N-1帧实现的数据的灰度级，也就是，当对应于数据的灰度级的数据电流放电时，在第N帧实现的数据的灰度级，且根据检测的数据的灰度级计算预充电电流以经数据线D1-Dm提供其到有机EL元件OLED。另外，在显示周期期间，预充电驱动器22提供从数据驱动器24施加的数据电流到数据线D1-Dm。这样，如图6所示，预充电驱动器22包括：数据转换器28，其用于将数字视频数据R、G和B转换为模拟电流；和预充电电流计算器30，其用于根据在数据转换器28中转换的模拟电流计算预充电电流。
如图7所示，当对应于由在第N-1帧的第N-1帧扫描脉冲SPn-1实现的数据的灰度级的数据电流放电时，数据转换器28检测在放电周期DCHA期间在第N帧实现的数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值，且然后将检测的数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值转换为模拟电流。例如，在数字视频数据R、G和B的最大灰度级值是64灰度、且最大数据电流是64μA的情况下，数据转换器28将检测的数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值转换为具有1μA-64A范围的任意一个电平的模拟电流。
在预充电周期PCHA期间，当从数据转换器28向预充电电流计算器30提供模拟电流值时，其通过使用公式1计算预充电电流，且然后提供预充电电流到有机EL元件OLED。例如，如果最大预充电电流是256μA，且将在第N帧实现的数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值是32灰度，那么从数据转换器28提供到预充电电流计算器30的模拟电流值是32μA。因此，在预充电周期PCHA期间，预充电电流计算器30经数据线D1-Dm提供由公式1计算的128μA的预充电电流到有机EL元件OLED。在这个情况下，从预充电电流计算器30提供的预充电电流的最大值具有和在第N帧显示周期DT中由第N帧扫描脉冲SPn提供到数据线D1-Dm的数据电流相同的大小。这种预充电电流计算器30根据从数据转换器28提供的模拟电流值而提供彼此具有不同的电平的预充电电流到有机EL元件OLED。
公式1
在根据本发明实施例的有机EL显示设备及其驱动方法中，当对应于第N-1帧数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值的数据电流被放电时，在放电周期DCHA中检测第N帧数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值，且然后将对应于第N帧数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值的预充电电流提供到有机EL元件OLED。因此，因为不需要的电流不在低灰度级流动，可以减少有机EL显示设备的功耗。另外，因为防止了过冲，可以防止有机EL元件OLED的过充电和响应时间延迟。因此，可以改进在显示面板20的相同扫描线S1-Sn上的相同灰度表现的均匀性。
同时，基于无源类型描述根据本发明实施例的有机EL显示设备及其驱动方法，但是其也可以应用于任意已知的有源类型的有机电致发光显示设备。
如上所述，在根据本发明实施例的有机EL显示设备及其驱动方法中，当对应于第N-1帧数字视频数据R、G和B的灰度级值的数据电流放电时，在放电周期DCHA中检测第N帧数字视频数据的灰度级值，且然后将对应于第N帧数字视频数据的灰度级值的预充电电流提供到有机EL元件OLED。因此，因为不需要的电流不在低灰度级流动，可以减少有机EL显示设备的功耗。另外，因为防止了过冲，可以防止有机EL元件OLED的过充电和响应时间延迟。因此，可以改进在显示面板的相同扫描线上的相同灰度表现的均匀性。
虽然通过如上所述的附图中所示的实施例解释了本发明，本领域普通技术人员应该理解本发明不限于这些实施例，而是在不脱离本发明的精神的情况下可以做出多种修改或变更。因此，本发明的范围应该仅由所附的权利要求及其等效物所确定。

Claims (6)

1.一种有机电致发光显示设备，其包括：
显示面板，其中多个数据线和多个扫描线彼此交叉，且在交叉点布置电致发光元件；
预充电驱动器，其当对应于将在第N-1帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级的数据电流被放电时，检测在放电周期期间在第N帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级，且计算对应于检测的数字视频数据的灰度级的预充电电流，以提供计算的预充电电流到电致发光元件；
数据驱动器，其用于提供数据到以预充电电流充电的电致发光元件；和
扫描驱动器，其用于提供与数据同步的扫描脉冲到扫描线。
2.如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光显示设备，其中，该预充电驱动器根据数字视频数据的灰度级而提供具有彼此不同的电平的预充电电流到有机电致发光元件。
3.如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光显示设备，其中，该预充电驱动器包括：
数据转换器，其用于将要实现的数字视频数据的灰度级转换为模拟电流；和
预充电电流计算器，其用于计算对应于在数据转换器中转换的模拟电流的预充电电流。
4.如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光显示设备，其中，该预充电电流是作为将要实现的数据的电流乘以预充电电流的最大值且然后除以数据电流的最大值得到的结果的值。
5.一种驱动有机电致发光显示设备的方法，在该有机电致发光显示设备中，多个数据线和多个扫描线彼此交叉，且在交叉点布置电致发光元件，该方法包括：
当第N-1帧数据电流被放电时，检测放电周期期间在第N帧实现的数字视频数据的灰度级；
将检测的数字视频数据的灰度级转换为对应于检测的数字视频数据的灰度级的电平的模拟电流；
通过使用转换的模拟电流计算预充电电流；
通过数据线提供计算的预充电电流到电致发光元件；以及
提供数据到以预充电电流充电的电致发光元件。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，该计算预充电电流的步骤包括将转换的模拟电流乘以预充电电流的最大值且然后除以数据电流的最大值。
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