CN100432701C - Single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Single track, single digital signal detector is adopted in the method to receive signal. The received analog signal is converted to digital signal directly. The converted digital signal is output to signal acquisition station. Arranging and storing the transferred digital signal, the signal acquisition station processes, analyzes and forms geological data. One digital detector is placed at each track, and distance between tracks is 5-10 meter. The invention solves issue that transferring signal through cable, the cascaded type analog signal detector causes signal disturb and signal distortion, and further influencing accuracy of final judgment. The method can carry out transferring signal for long distance in high fidelity. The method raises 20%-50% bandwidth of detection frequency of vibrative dynamic signal for target stratum of coalfield, and 20%-50% bandwidth for target stratum of oil field exploration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploration data acquisition method, refer more particularly to a kind of single track, singly only digital sound detector received signal, and the single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method that adopts networked signal to transmit utilized.
Background technology
Geophysical exploration method is according to geology and physical principle, utilize geophysical prospecting equipment to receive underground each stratum reflection wave on ground, through obtaining the imaging of subsurface geology after the Computer Processing, thereby infer, understand underground tectonic characteristics, provide the important references data for seeking the various mineral reserve that need.The most effective in numerous geophysical prospecting method, application is at most----seismic prospecting.
Seismic prospecting is meant in the well-digging of ground puts explosive, utilize explosive charge to produce artificial earthquake, note the situation of ground each point vibrations again with exact instrument, then through arrangement, analysis of data, infer the process of subsurface geological structure characteristics, its job step as shown in Figure 1.
The many big guns experiments of many wells are adopted in the seismic prospecting construction of being carried out in the open air at present, existing construction method, through collecting mass data, grope to sum up this construction plot suitable well depth, pit shaft bore, explosive charge, Types of Medicine and kind, formally blow out construction again.The preliminary work time is long, and it is many to expend explosive, and workload is big.
The traditional operational method and the simulating signal wave detector that uses are difficult to provide seismic data should satisfy high s/n ratio, high resolving power, Hi-Fi requirement, are difficult to adapt to the realization of modern exploration targets.When constructing at first in the open air, the track pitch that is adopted big (generally at 20 meters to 50 meters), and per pass by 1 string to the old simulating signal wave detector of 6 strings in groups, form combined reception.As shown in Figure 5, the analog detector of using for existing geophysical prospecting method adopts the dynamically synoptic diagram of amount signal of series system collection vibrations.As can be seen from the figure, analog wave detector 31,32,33,34,35,36 is serially connected, reception is from the reflected signal in underground reflection horizon 300, this reflection horizon 300 emits to the wave detector on ground 100 with the wave of oscillation of explosive source 50, and the signal after the wave detector after the series connection will superpose is transferred to acquisition station by cable 6.
See also wave detector shown in Figure 3, for Figure 1 shows that the synoptic diagram of analog detector, as can be seen from the figure, 11 is housing, and 13 is coil, and 14 is magnet steel, and 15 is spring leaf, and 16 is the front end of its wave detector, and 17 is analog signal output.By metallic cable analog signal transmission is arrived the signals collecting station then,, therefore, can only transmit its simulating signal by metallic cable because the interior setting of wave detector is the analogue detection circuitry plate.
Because the resistance that metallic cable itself exists, therefore will cause certain loss of signal to its simulating signal, simulating signal is difficult to separate with noise superimposed in transmission course, noise can be transmitted, amplify, have a strong impact on communication quality along with signal, increase along with transmission range, noise storage is more and more, seriously distorts to cause signal quality, and then influences the accuracy of last judgement.
Modern Detection Techniques have proposed very high requirement to its detection accuracy, and its core will with high fidelity make the data transmission digitizing exactly.
Digital signal is compared with simulating signal has tangible advantage: at first be that information in the strong digital signal of antijamming capability was included among having or not of pulse, as long as absolute value of noise is no more than a certain threshold value, receiving end just can be differentiated having or not of pulse, to guarantee the reliability of communication.Next is that long-distance transmissions still can be ensured the quality of products.Because digital communication is to adopt regenerative relay system, can abate the noise, the digital signal of regeneration is the same with original digital signal, can continue transmission and go down, and communication quality just is not subjected to the influence of distance like this, can carry out the long-distance transmissions acquisition station in high quality.
Can lay important basis for the high precision, high-fidelity earthquake data collection technology, high precision seismic imaging processing technology, many wave vectors seismic exploration technique, high precision seismic integrated interpretation technology high precision reservoir inversion, the fluid identification technology that reach physical prospecting by digital transmission.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to by a kind of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method is provided, this method change is subjected to the interference of 50HZ AC signal by the cable transmission analog electrical signal in the past makes transmission signals produce the rugged problem that alters into error in judgement, the high-quality digital signal that provides single wave detector received signal of a kind of single-point can resist the 50HZ AC signal to disturb.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method is included in the well on ground and puts explosive, utilizes explosive charge to produce artificial earthquake; Directly will to shake dynamically the amount conversion of signals be digital signal to this method and it is transmitted by digital geophone; May further comprise the steps:
Step 1, micro logging data input;
Step 2, calculating optimum explosive charge and well depth;
Step 3, with experiment well depth comparison, ask for correction coefficient
The best well depth of the simulation at step 4, correction micro logging place, place, the gained data are imported accurate shot point design module;
Step 5, calculate the best well depth of each shot point;
Step 7, employing digital geophone receive the earthquake simulation signal and by integrated circuit it are converted into digital signal output;
Step 8, workstation are put the digital signal of transmission in order storage;
Step 9, with digital signal processing, decomposition, formation geologic information.
Aforesaid digital geophone is one of a per pass, and the distance between the per pass is 5 meters-10 meters.
Aforesaid digital geophone be core body can be directly with signal digitalized and do not have a moving-coil type digitizing wave detector of mimic transmission line.
Aforesaid digital geophone is that the single track list only is provided with.
The look-in frequency frequency range that the coal exploration zone of interest of signal is dynamically measured in aforesaid vibrations improves 20%-50%.
The coal exploration zone of interest look-in frequency frequency range that signal is dynamically measured in aforesaid vibrations improves 10%-30%.
The collection direction that signal is dynamically measured in aforesaid vibrations is longitudinal signal or laterally signal or longitudinal signal and the laterally stack of signal.
Aforesaid directly will to shake dynamically the amount conversion of signals by digital geophone be digital signal and when it is transmitted, and the duty of digital geophone is monitored and adjusts.
The present invention compared with prior art has remarkable advantages and beneficial effect:
1, can disturb by anti-50HZ;
2, single wave detector received signal of single-point can truly reflect the reflective information of underground each corresponding physical points;
3, the dynamic response that has reflected wave detector at utmost undistortedly;
4, frequency response is wide, and the significant wave frequency has improved 10HZ to 30HZ;
5, reflected energy height, active in different depth of exploration power spectrum responses;
6, can realize at low cost small distance between receivers, more than ten thousand, high density imaging, accurately seismic prospecting data collecting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the workflow diagram of existing geophysical prospecting method;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the analog detector of existing geophysical prospecting method application;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the digital geophone of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method application of the present invention;
The analog detector that Fig. 5 uses for existing geophysical prospecting method adopts the dynamically synoptic diagram of amount signal of series system collection vibrations;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 exploration data acquisition method of the present invention and existing geophysical prospecting method rectified signal contrast synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
As can be seen, directly will to shake dynamically the amount conversion of signals be digital signal and it is transmitted by digital geophone from the workflow diagram of a kind of single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method of Fig. 2; May further comprise the steps:
Step 1, micro logging data input;
Step 2, calculating optimum explosive charge and well depth;
Step 3, with experiment well depth comparison, ask for correction coefficient
The best well depth of the simulation at step 4, correction micro logging place, place, the gained data are imported accurate shot point design module;
Step 5, calculate the best well depth of each shot point;
Step 7, employing digital geophone receive the earthquake simulation signal and by integrated circuit it are converted into digital signal output;
Step 8, workstation are put the digital signal of transmission in order storage;
Step 9, with digital signal processing, decomposition, formation geologic information.
See also the synoptic diagram that Figure 6 shows that to single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method of the present invention;
Before blowing out, lay U.S.'s import moving-coil type digitizing wave detector in position according to the job design requirement, one of per pass, distance is in 5 meters between the twice.This method supports that the distance between the per pass is 5 meters to 50 meters a track pitch various combination as required; The road is 12 roads to 30, the operating type of the various combination in 000 road.
Excite: be meant and utilize explosive charge, produce the process of specific artificial shock wave.
At first according to the source book on construction ground, comprise data and other relevant preliminary geologic informations that early stage, hydrology well provided, be engaged in the experience of earthquake physical prospecting for many years according to my company, the utilization computing machine cooperates to calculate to be put in order, provide the best related data of well-digging and powder charge, comprising the degree of depth, the caliber size of well, and dose of the explosive of placing, Types of Medicine, kind etc.The selection of well depth is mainly finds the best stratum that excites, and the energy that explosion time is produced is absorbed by demolition point as few as possible, passes as much as possible.Explosive charge also wants an amount of simultaneously, too much can produce interference wave, and the energy that then produces reflection wave very little also can reduce thereupon, is unfavorable for the reception of wave detector.
After detonator inserted explosive, put into the pit shaft of accomplishing fluently, " the remote control blast instrument " of detonator lead-in wire with a distant place connect, so that ignite.
The reflection in the small distance between receivers that is arranged on ground 100 (2--5 rice) that this method adopts, single track, single the underground reflection horizon 300 of digitizing wave detector 31/, 32/, 33/, 34/, 35/, 36/ reception is arranged on the shot break that demolition point 50 sends, and adopts the transmission of network digital signal.The signal of single track output is the real seismic signal of underground a certain physical points, and not combination distortion has avoided conventional combined reception signal to be easy to generate disadvantage of distorted, has strengthened the fidelity of signal, has improved resolution.Data-signal is handled by analysis, and the result shows the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height, and energy is strong, bandwidth.By the section zone of interest is carried out spectrum analysis, the conclusion that obtains is: the effective frequency composition of coal exploration zone of interest surpasses 120Hz, reaches 210Hz; The effective frequency composition of oil field prospecting zone of interest surpasses 90Hz, reaches 140Hz.
See also shown in Figure 4ly, be the synoptic diagram of digital geophone, wherein 11/ is housing, and 13/ is coil, and 14/ is magnet steel, and 15/ is spring leaf, and 16/ is the front end of wave detector, and 18/ and 19/ is signal output terminal; 12/ is digital A/D modular converter, it with the dynamic similation conversion of signals that measures be behind the digital signal by the output of 18/ and 19/ end, under the control of host command, be sent to and be used to store the data computing machine.
The data acquisition of this method; Adopt small distance between receivers, single wave detector acquired signal of single track.The small distance between receivers that we adopt is 5 meters (or littler), can gather and write down underground reflected signal to high-density like this, is the needs demand of matter data in further detail, provides vertically, laterally can reach the resolution of rice.If specific demand is arranged, it is also conceivable that and further dwindle track pitch, accurate more result is provided.
Single wave detector of single track collects after the earthquake reflected wave, and the signal that it is exported is the true seismic reflection signals of underground a certain physical points, can avoid the bunchiness receiver pattern to receive the signal distortion that forms, and increases the fidelity of signal.
This method is because the digitizing output wave detector that adopts, and the information in the digital signal was included among having or not of pulse, as long as absolute value of noise is no more than a certain threshold value, receiving end just can be differentiated having or not of pulse, to guarantee the reliability of communication.Next is that long-distance transmissions still can be ensured the quality of products.Because digital communication is to adopt regenerative relay system, can abate the noise, the digital signal of regeneration is the same with original digital signal, can continue transmission goes down, carry out the long-distance transmissions acquisition station in high quality, guaranteed higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), experimental result shows can reach 60 decibels.
See also and Figure 7 shows that single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method of the present invention and existing geophysical prospecting method rectified signal contrast synoptic diagram, wherein lateral coordinates is represented test frequency, it vertically is the peak value signal of test pulse, ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4, ch5 and ch6 are the output waveform of single digital geophone of single track, are example with digital geophone ch6, and its output waveform is shown in P6,1.80ms interior 4 cycles, be equivalent to the 50Hz ripple, the peak swing reflection wavelength is 26ms, and synchronous signal is undistorted.Frequency is abundant simultaneously, and amplitude energy is strong, and the frequency dynamic scope is obvious; And the signal that bunchiness analog detector ch combined reception forms 4 cycles in the 1.95ms shown in P are equivalent to the 40Hz ripple, and peak swing reflection wavelength 32ms, signal distort, and as seen test a little less than the energy simultaneously, and amplitude fluctuation is little.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to the explanation the present invention and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this instructions has been described in detail the present invention with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment,, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of single-point single track seismic prospecting data collecting method is included in the well on ground and puts explosive, utilizes explosive charge to produce artificial earthquake, and described method comprises:
Step 1, micro logging data input;
Step 2, calculating optimum explosive charge and well depth;
Step 3, with experiment well depth comparison, ask for correction coefficient;
The best well depth of the simulation at step 4, correction micro logging place, place, the gained data are imported accurate shot point design module;
Step 5, calculate the best well depth of each shot point;
Step 6, down-hole explosive charge produce seismic event;
It is characterized in that described method also comprises:
Step 7, directly will to shake dynamically the amount conversion of signals be digital signal and it is transmitted by digital geophone, comprising:
Adopt digital geophone to receive the earthquake simulation signal, described digital geophone is one of a per pass, and the track pitch between the twice is in 5 meters;
By the A/D modular converter in the described digital geophone earthquake simulation signal that receives is converted into digital signal output;
Step 8, workstation are put the digital signal that receives in order storage;
Step 9, then is with digital signal processing, decomposition, formation geologic information.
2, single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described track pitch is 2 to 5 meters.
3, single-point single track seismic prospecting data collecting method according to claim 2 is characterized in that described road is 12 roads to 30, the combination in 000 road.
4, single-point single track seismic prospecting data collecting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described digital geophone of step 7 be core body can be directly with signal digitalized and do not have a moving-coil type digitizing wave detector of mimic transmission line.
5, single point single track high density earth quack exploration data collecting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described digital geophone of step 7 be replaceable except that moving-coil type the wave detector of other different core bodys.
6, single-point single track seismic prospecting data collecting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described directly will to shake dynamically the amount conversion of signals by digital geophone be digital signal and when it is transmitted, the duty of digital geophone is monitored and adjusts.
7, single-point single track seismic prospecting data collecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 9 must handle single big gun information of gathering in advance, promptly removes ground roll, level stack, wideband and handles.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101285892B (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2010-12-08 | 北京华昌新业物探技术服务有限公司 | Wide band seismic exploration method |
| CN102012520B (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-09-26 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Indoor dynamic combination method for marine single-point acquired seismic data |
| CN103091712B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind ofly analyze the method that well logging assemblage characteristic and seismic facies carry out ature of coal prediction |
| CN106405628A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-02-15 | 保定市全正石油物探装备制造有限公司 | Earth crust shock collection system |
| CN110967736B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-07-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Single-point seismic acquisition system and seismic data synchronization and calibration method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0745870A2 (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-04 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Non-unique seismic lithologic inversion for subterranean modeling |
| WO2000060379A1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-12 | Conoco, Inc. | A method for gravity and magnetic data inversion using vector and tensor data with seismic imaging and geopressure prediction for oil, gas and mineral exploration and production |
| GB2349218A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-10-25 | Noranda Inc | Seismic prospecting for massive sulphide deposits |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0745870A2 (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-04 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Non-unique seismic lithologic inversion for subterranean modeling |
| WO2000060379A1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-12 | Conoco, Inc. | A method for gravity and magnetic data inversion using vector and tensor data with seismic imaging and geopressure prediction for oil, gas and mineral exploration and production |
| US6502037B1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2002-12-31 | Conoco Inc. | Method for gravity and magnetic data inversion using vector and tensor data with seismic imaging and geopressure prediction for oil, gas and mineral exploration and production |
| GB2349218A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-10-25 | Noranda Inc | Seismic prospecting for massive sulphide deposits |
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