CN100431711C - Environmental protection electronic smoke exhaust ventilator and smoke electron absorption apparatus - Google Patents

Environmental protection electronic smoke exhaust ventilator and smoke electron absorption apparatus Download PDF

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CN100431711C
CN100431711C CNB200410005125XA CN200410005125A CN100431711C CN 100431711 C CN100431711 C CN 100431711C CN B200410005125X A CNB200410005125X A CN B200410005125XA CN 200410005125 A CN200410005125 A CN 200410005125A CN 100431711 C CN100431711 C CN 100431711C
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voltage
plate
flue dust
oil smoke
output
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CN1654128A (en
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陶显芳
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Tao Chunlin
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Abstract

The present invention relates to an environment-protecting electronic cooker hood and an electronic absorber for smoke dust. The present invention is manufactured by an electronic absorbing technology for smoke dust, which is a new technology that smoke particles are ionized and charged by high-voltage static electricity, and the charged smoke particles are deflected and absorbed by a high electric field. The present invention can recover and filter oil fume and smoke dust effectively, and can produce negative ion oxygen which can freshen and sterilize air. With the present invention, the air pollution can be reduced, the environment can be purified, and the present invention is favourable for human health. Compared with the common cooker hood, the environment-protecting electronic cooker hood is additionally provided with an electronic recoverer for oil fume, the electronic recoverer for oil fume (the electronic absorber for smoke dust) is mainly composed of four parts: 1. an oil fume (smoke dust) high-voltage ionizing netted plate; 2. an oil fume (smoke dust) electrostatic deflecting collecting plate; 3. an oil liquid (smoke dust) recovering plate; 4. a high voltage power which can output two sets of high voltage and can automatically protect for outputting over current, striking fire and generating short circuit.

Description

Environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and flue dust electronic absorber
One, technical field
The invention relates to a kind of new technology of lampblack absorber and flue dust absorber---flue dust Electron absorption technology, utilize high-pressure electrostatic that smokeshade is carried out ionization and charging, and then carry out the deflection absorption by highfield.The lampblack absorber and the flue dust absorber that utilize this new technology to make, we are referred to as " environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber " and reach " flue dust electronic absorber ".This environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and flue dust electronic absorber can reclaim and filter oil smoke and flue dust very effectively, and can produce anion oxygen, have pure and fresh and bactericidal action to air.Use this " environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber " to reach " flue dust electronic absorber " and can reduce air pollution, environment purification, health is beneficial to man.
Two, background technology
Relayed the news report of Britain on December 17th, 2003 according to the Chinese Central Television (CCTV), every year is fallen ill dead number up to 1,300,000 people because of fume pollution in the whole world, and Fung Wong Terrace news report on December 18th, 2003, the area, Asia has 500,000 people to die from air pollution every year.Therefore, invent and a kind ofly can effectively filter and reclaim oil smoke and flue dust, prevent air pollution, have the lampblack absorber and the flue dust absorber of environment-friendly function, become the strong call in epoch.
At present, the lampblack absorber that people use generally all is directly oil smoke to be discharged to the open air from the kitchen by air exhauster, and any recovery and processing are not passed through in the centre.In fact oil smoke is exactly heated oily object, becomes the very little soot particles of volume after the evaporation, with water vapour and AIR MIXTURES.Because oil smoke belongs to hot gas, can move up, and to aerial diffusion, contaminated air.The effect of lampblack absorber is exactly that the negative pressure of utilizing air exhauster to produce comes oil smoke is attracted and quickens, then from the exhaust outlet discharge of lampblack absorber.Therefore, the character of oil smoke does not change, but is transferred, and the air-polluting area is constantly enlarged.
General restaurant or restaurant, the pollution level of discharging oil smoke is up to 750,000 square metres more than, and promptly people still can smell the smell of oil smoke away from the place of oil smoke discharge source more than 500 meters.People live among the air that is contaminated by smoke for a long time, and the heartbeat meeting is quickened, and breathe and feel difficulty, mood dysphoria etc.Particularly when the south (as Chengdu, Shanghai, Guangzhou) of China ran into intermittent drizzles in the rainy season seasons, this situation was particularly serious, and fume pollution has had a strong impact on people's health.
Reclaim function though common lampblack absorber also has oil smoke, this recovery is only limited to the bigger smoke particle of volume, and (diameter is approximately 10 -2More than the millimeter) because the bigger smoke particle of this volume, meet temperature time variance and become thermal current, do ascending motion as fire balloon, meet when cold, can solidification shrinkage do descending motion (being subjected to earth attraction).Smoke particle is by the vacuum suction that air exhauster produces, and beginning is to do ascending motion, when it runs into metal object on the lampblack absorber, will be cooled, and moves downward and do, and utilizes this principle, and smoke particle also can be recovered.But (diameter is approximately 10 to the soot particles very little for some volumes -3-10 -4Millimeter), common lampblack absorber can't reclaim it.Because the very little soot particles of these volumes is very near the volume of oil molecule or other gas molecule, friction and induction are easy to charged mutually at the volley, and be easy to combine with airborne negative ions, produce a kind of new elaioleucite-air mixture, this elaioleucite-air mixture can swim in the air for a long time, health hazard to human body is very big because it as normal air by people by pulmonary respiration, enter the blood circulation system of human body.
The operation principle of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber is different fully with the operation principle of common lampblack absorber; it is by the highfield that high voltage produces soot particles in the oil smoke or mixture to be carried out ionization, makes it charged, utilizes with electricity mutually exclusive then; the principle that different electricity is attracted each other reclaims it.Oil smoke from the gas that environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber is discharged, almost no longer contains the composition of oil smoke or other impurity through after reclaiming, and all is pure air, and this is equivalent to contaminated air is filtered.
Flue dust is also increasing to the health hazard of human body, some industrial cities, and air pollution has reached the intolerable degree of making us.The most serious city of ten big pollutions, the whole world, major part is all in China, and the pollution in these cities mainly is a flue dust.Thermal power plant, smeltery, cement plant, chemical plant, heating installation factory, etc. the chimney waste gas of discharging, and vehicle exhaust etc., wherein major part all is a flue dust.Because the volume of flue dust is very little, it can swim in the air and permeate into the wind outside tens kilometers.We often can see, those dusky houses, all vestige of being crossed by smoke contamination in the city.People often spue that some have the phlegm of black color in cough, this also is the result that flue dust has invaded human organ.The easiest witness is exactly our shirt collar, and it is equivalent to " precipitation " in the weather forecast, i.e. the degree of smoke contamination.
In addition, urban population density is increasing now, particularly some restaurants, hotel, office building, office, station, airport, and general family or the like, air-conditioning cold air ventilation equipment all have been installed, in order to save the energy, these cold air ventilation equipment all are in a space of sealing very much air to be recycled.Because people's bad habit, smoking in public places, spit, and people's daily necessities, as: clothes, bed clothes, carpet, article etc. all can produce and carry flue dust, these all are air pollution source widely, in the course of time, will make air pollution become muddy and can't bear, under this environment, to child and old man, particularly the health effect to patient is very big.
Three, summary of the invention
Under strong illumination, can be clear that airborne flue dust all doing " Blang " motion in different poses and with different expressions, makes us and dare not breathe all the time.Although all be furnished with the hygiene personnel in some public place, general burnisher is like water off a duck's back concerning these flue dust, can increase the diffusion of these flue dust on the contrary.As, when a passenger just in time came into the guest room that a hotel attendant just swept with electric dust collector, being easy to smell had one than flue dust flavor bigger before not sweeping in the room.The flue dust electronic absorber just in time can absorb these flue dust very effectively, and this is because it has an invisible hand---electric field.Under the effect of electric field force, no matter be mixtures such as single object or flue dust, as long as it has been with electricity, it just is difficult to escape arresting of this hidden hand of electric field.Flue dust electronic absorber of the present invention and environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber are exactly to utilize electric field that charged object is produced to pretend very much principle firmly, and goods and materials such as flue dust and oil smoke are reclaimed effectively.
The scheme of finishing above-mentioned task is as follows:
A kind of flue dust Electron absorption method is characterized in that comprising the steps: A, smokeshade is introduced the high-voltage electrostatic field carries out ionization and charging, makes smokeshade charged; B, more above-mentioned charged smokeshade is produced directed deflection through the highfield effect, and collected by the negative electrode of flue dust collecting plate; C, produce directed deflection with above-mentioned through the highfield effect again, the smokeshade of being collected by negative electrode reclaims.
A kind of flue dust electronic absorber that adopts above-mentioned flue dust Electron absorption method to make, it comprises: A, be used for smokeshade is carried out ionization, charging, make the charged high pressure ionization plate of smokeshade; B, be used to produce highfield and be ionized the negative electrode that charged smokeshade deflects to above-mentioned flue dust collecting plate above-mentioned; C, be used to reclaim the flue dust recovering tray of smokeshade; D, be used for to the high pressure ionization plate and make charged smokeshade produce the high voltage source of the flue dust collecting plate power supply of deflection; E, be used for smokeshade is sucked the air exhauster of flue dust electronic absorber.
Above-mentioned flue dust electronic absorber, described high pressure ionization plate are the high pressure ionization plates of a fence structure or trellis, and it is the plate of a band high pressure positive electricity, and the plate of this fence structure or trellis band high pressure positive electricity is called first anode pole plate; Described flue dust collecting plate comprises the plate of at least one band high pressure positive electricity and the cathode plate of at least one ground connection, and mutually insulated between above-mentioned plate and the cathode plate, the plate of band high pressure positive electricity is called the second plate pole plate in this flue dust collecting plate.
Above-mentioned high voltage source has two high-voltage anodes, and the first anode is connected with the high pressure ionization plate of fence structure that is called first anode pole plate or trellis, and second plate is connected with band high pressure positive electricity second plate pole plate in the flue dust collecting plate.High voltage source is a switching regulator transformer booster power; comprise boost rectifying circuit, be used to control the optocoupler amplifier of high voltage source duty; the input signal of this optocoupler amplifier; one is from the high voltage source output voltage; error signal through sample resistance sampling back output; another input signal be from cross-over connection between high voltage source casing and the cold ground of transformer secondary output sample resistance and the signal at electric capacity two ends; as the sampled signal of high pressure output overcurrent, sparking, short-circuit protection, be used to control the logical and disconnected of high voltage source output voltage.It is that insulating materials is purchased that the high voltage step-up circuit part of high voltage source is arranged at a shell, and inner sealing of filling with one or more materials in epoxy resin, silica flour, thermosol material, the fire-retardant composite material is adorned in the box body.
A kind of electronics lampblack absorber that adopts above-mentioned flue dust Electron absorption method to make, it comprises an air exhauster that is used to suck oil smoke, an oil smoke inlet and a recovering tray that is used to reclaim oil smoke, it is characterized in that also comprising between the inlet of this electronics lampblack absorber and the recovering tray oil smoke high pressure ionization plate of a fence structure or trellis and one charged cooking fume-collecting plate, oil smoke is ionized through this oil smoke high pressure ionization plate, after the charging, highfield effect in the cooking fume-collecting plate again, make charged oil smoke produce directed deflection, and collected by the cooking fume-collecting plate, and be gathered into fluid and flow in the above-mentioned recovering tray, this electronics lampblack absorber comprises that also a high voltage source is used for to above-mentioned oil smoke high pressure ionization plate and the power supply of cooking fume-collecting plate.
The operation principle of oil smoke electronics recover is the same basically in the operation principle of flue dust electronic absorber and the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, all be smokeshade to be carried out ionization, charging by the highfield that high voltage produces, make it charged, utilize with electricity mutually exclusive then, the principle that different electricity is attracted each other absorbs processing to it.
In addition, the highfield in environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber or the flue dust electronic absorber also can carry out ionization to air, makes oxygen become cation and anion.But and anion oxygen fresh air, people call airborne vitamin to it, and are very beneficial to health.Highfield in the flue dust electronic absorber also has very strong disinfective action to bacterium, and is particularly the strongest to the disinfective action of fungi.Very strong electric field energy to bacterium polarize, ionization, make it the dehydration.We examine will finding of high voltage transmission line on every side, are being to have any biological existence within half meter hardly from its radius.Micro-wave oven also by highfield to the object heating that polarizes, the height of its effectiveness is well imagined.Electric-field intensity in the electric field ratio micro-wave oven in the flue dust electronic absorber is taller, is several times to tens times of micro-wave oven, and only one is alternating electric field, and another is an electrostatic field.Alternating electric field is equivalent to and can polarizes repeatedly back and forth to object, and electrostatic field is equivalent to and can only polarizes once to object.
Because the operation principle of the operation principle of oil smoke electronics recover and flue dust electronic absorber is basic identical in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, is example with environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber mainly below, and their operation principle is described.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: the chief component schematic diagram of electronics oil smoke recover.
Fig. 2: the situation of polarized and ionization when oily particulate passes highfield.
Fig. 3: emission electronics and charged situation when oily particulate passes highfield.
Fig. 4: oily particulate passes the situation that is recharged between high-field electrode and is deflected in electric field.
Fig. 5: two kinds of basic structures of the first anode.
Fig. 6: the basic structure of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber cooking fume-collecting plate.
Fig. 7: the cooking fume-collecting plate hight is pressed the basic structure of anode and negative electrode.
Fig. 8: the basic structure of large-scale environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber cooking fume-collecting plate.
Fig. 9: first high-voltage anode and the second high-voltage anode electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 10: make the charged process of object.
Figure 11: oily particulate is from passing the process that is powered on by band between the high-voltage anode.
Figure 12: cooking fume-collecting plate test specimen reference diagram.
Figure 13: the structure outline figure of fluid catch tray.
Figure 14: environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber scheme of installation.
Figure 15: the basic block diagram of family expenses environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber.
Figure 16: the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber scheme of installation of trapezium structure.
Figure 17: the chief component schematic diagram of electronics flue dust recover.
Figure 18: the negative electrode and the flue dust recovering tray schematic diagram of band stake.
Figure 19: the basic using method of electronics flue dust recover.
Figure 20: the electronics flue dust recover of band air exhauster.
Figure 21: self-activated switch power supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram.
Figure 22: band is the self-activated switch power supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram of protection automatically.
Figure 23: separated exciting Switching Power Supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram.
Figure 24: band is the separated exciting Switching Power Supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram of protection automatically.
Figure 25: with the separated exciting Switching Power Supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram of small-power switching power-supply driving.
Figure 26: switching mode power supply transformer and high pressure are exported incorporate separated exciting Switching Power Supply high-tension electricity schematic diagram.
Figure 27: PFC power factor correction circuit working schematic diagram.
Figure 28: high voltage source transformer and the connection layout between the assembly of boosting.
Figure 29: the basic block diagram of switching mode power supply transformer and high pressure output integral component.
Four, the specific embodiment
(1), environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber
(1), the operation principle of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber
The main distinction of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and common lampblack absorber is an environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber has Duoed an oil smoke electronics recover than common lampblack absorber, and Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of oil smoke electronics recover in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber.Oil smoke electronics recover mainly is made up of 4 parts: 1, oil smoke high pressure ionization plate (the first high-voltage anode A), 2, cooking fume-collecting plate (second high-voltage anode B and negative electrode), 3, fluid recovering tray, 4, high voltage source (not drawing among the figure), discuss separately this back.
Oil smoke high pressure ionization plate is a lattice structure, the high-voltage anode of positively charged, and its voltage has very strong attraction up to more than 10,000 volts to soot particles.When soot particles passes from the grid hole of high pressure ionization plate, will be ionized, charge.Here being referred to as charging, is because this ionization is to belong to asymmetric ionization, when soot particles when the high-voltage anode, the free electron in the soot particles is easy to break away from nuclear constraint under the brute force of high pressure attracts, leave soot particles and fly to high-voltage anode.It is exactly electronics that soot particles is ionized the electronegative side in back, and a side of positively charged is exactly the soot particles of positively charged after the ionization, is equivalent to soot particles and has been filled positive electricity.
The soot particles of positively charged can be from the middle process of cooking fume-collecting plate under the effect of air exhauster, and exists very strong electric field between the cooking fume-collecting plate, and this highfield is to be produced between two-plate by the second plate of band high pressure positive electricity and the negative electrode of ground connection.When charged soot particles from highfield through out-of-date because mutually exclusive with electricity, the effect that different electricity is inhaled mutually can produce yaw motion to cathode direction, last and negative electrode is collided, and is absorbed by negative electrode, so negative electrode also is referred to as the cooking fume-collecting plate.Point out in passing; though minus earth (linking to each other) with the earth; people think that it is a zero potential; but soot particles for positively charged; electronegative really (with respect to the unlimited distance) of negative electrode; this is owing to the also electronegative result of the earth (there is detailed description the back), and the Ka band negative electricity reclaims more favourable to soot particles.
The fluid recovering tray is positioned at the below of cooking fume-collecting plate, and the soot particles that the cooking fume-collecting plate is collected can accumulate at leisure and becomes fluid together, after fluid is accumulated to certain degree, because the effect of gravity can be continuous toward current downflow, and fall into the fluid recovering tray.
The basic functional principle of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber is exactly at first to allow object charged.Any object is classified from its electric conductivity, can be divided into conductor and insulator basically, if further distinguish, is exactly electrical body and electrical body not again.No matter be conductor or insulator, can allow it charged or not charged, allow object is not charged to be easy to, allow exactly it away from electric field with allow it be connected just with the earth, but want object charged with regard to complexity how.
Allow object is charged a variety of methods, wherein a kind of is polarization method.So-called polarization, be exactly object among highfield, the process that electric charge is redistributed in its body.Fig. 2 is a soot particles when passing among highfield, the process of polarized and ionization.
Among Fig. 2, be added with very high DC voltage between anode and the negative electrode, therefore can produce very strong electric field between anode and negative electrode, electric-field intensity is up to more than the 500V/mm, and the direction of electric field is from the anode directed negative electrode, shown in the power line among the figure.Oil smoke between anode and the negative electrode through out-of-date, the polarization of highfield that soot particles is at first produced between the two poles of the earth makes same soot particles be with positive and negative charge respectively near the both sides of negative electrode and anode.The polarized principle of principle that soot particles is polarized and capacitor medium is basic identical, but because soot particles is a liquid, is easy to distortion under the effect of forceful electric power field force, splits into two electrical bodies that respectively carry the heterogeneity electric charge at last.A positively charged is called cation, and another is electronegative, is called anion.The soot particles of two band heterogeneity electric charges is attracted by the electric field of anode and negative electrode generation respectively, and motion in the opposite direction separately, and collected by anode and negative electrode at last, anode and negative electrode all become the collector of soot particles like this.
Among Fig. 2, though soot particles polarized and ionization in highfield, anode and negative electrode also play the effect of collecting soot particles, and the method for this collection soot particles does not have practical value.Because two electrodes are all charged over the ground, being collected the fluid object that gets off also can be charged, further reclaims for the fluid object and brings difficulty, uses very dangerously, and the effect of collection soot particles is also very poor.Because, though soot particles is easy to polarized, but become two probability also not very big by electric field separates at last with the ion of different electric charges, as increasing the number that soot particles is ionized, then must further increase electric-field intensity, with the length that increases two-plate, but increase electric-field intensity must improve the voltage between the two-plate, voltage is carried to such an extent that too highly can produce arc discharge again, can increase the power consumption of high voltage source like this, use also dangerously, and the length that increases two-plate can increase the volume of lampblack absorber.
Fig. 3 is earthed-cathode another kind of cooking fume-collecting schematic diagram, and the operation principle of collecting oil smoke with Fig. 2 differs widely.Fig. 3 is by soot particles emission electronics and charged.Because minus earth, make that the current potential of soot particles before not entering electric field is identical with negative electrode, therefore under identical voltage, the potential difference of soot particles and anode is equivalent to be doubled, just the electric-field intensity of soot particles and anode also is equivalent to be doubled, under this high electric-field intensity, when soot particles during near anode, electronics in the soot particles is easy to break away from nuclear constraint, anode emission electronics (producing the ray electric current), make the soot particles positively charged, become cation.We can regard asymmetric ionization as this phenomenon, and the anion that is ionized is exactly an electronics, and cation is exactly the soot particles that loses electronics, and both are differing tens qualitatively to hundred million times of hundreds ofs.Soot particles is not before also being ionized, owing to be subjected to the attraction of anode electric field, it is towards anode movement, up to the electronics emission, soot particles be ionized charged after, it just changes the direction of motion, turns to negative electrode by anode.
Among Fig. 3, what anode was collected is electronics, is not electronegative soot particles, is the soot particles (cation) of positively charged and negative electrode is collected, and cation can constitute loop current to the power supply discharge after arriving negative electrode.Because minus earth, so the collector of negative electrode as soot particles, as safe as a house in the use.As can be seen from Figure 3, though the effect that soot particles is ionized and is collected has improved much than figure one, but very good inadequately, because soot particles is before being ionized and after being ionized, towards the motion of two rightabouts, obviously like this can reduce the effect that soot particles is collected.If soot particles is just headed direct for negative electrode toward the direction when one enters between anode and the negative electrode, the effect that is collected of soot particles will improve widely so, also can shorten the length of positive plate and minus plate simultaneously widely.In order to improve the effect that soot particles is collected, can on the basis of Fig. 3, add one group of high-voltage anode again, as shown in Figure 4.
Among Fig. 4, first anode A1 and first anode A2 are one group of idiostatic high-voltage anodes, so its current potential is higher also can not make A1 and A2 sparking, so that its current potential is obtained is very high, almost exceed more than one times than second plate B.Electric-field intensity (with respect to soot particles) in the middle of first anode A1 and the A2 is up to more than the 1000V/mm, therefore, any oil smoke object between A1 and the A2 through out-of-date all by strong ionization and charging (soot particles is regarded as an electric capacity), the voltage that the oil smoke object is ionized charging is: U C=Q a/ C a, Q aBe the quantity of electric charge, C aCapacitance for the oil smoke object.
The earth also can be regarded a jumbo electric capacity as, and its capacitance just in time is 1 farad.Because the volume of oil smoke object is very little, capacitance is also very little, and therefore, the voltage of its charging is very high, almost up to identical with the current potential of first anode A1 or A2.Therefore, when soot particles near the second plate B through out-of-date, do not attracted by second plate B, but repelled by second plate B, because the current potential of soot particles is more taller than the current potential of second plate B, simultaneously, the soot particles of high potential is easier to be attracted by negative electrode, and the generation yaw motion produces strong discharge up to contacting with negative electrode.Therefore, the efficient that the soot particles of Fig. 4 is collected is very high, the basic functional principle of Here it is environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber of the present invention.
Point out that in passing any charged object can be regarded an electric capacity as, capacitance C=Q/U, Q are the quantity of electric charge of charged object, and U is the voltage of charged object, promptly refer to the potential difference of charged object to unlimited distance.As select other object as zero potential, generally all will specify, or the result makes a world of difference with regard to returning.Here electric capacity of saying and capacitor are distinguishing, and capacitor can be regarded as by the electric capacity (charged object) of two band positive and negative charges and be formed.The capacitor two-plate with the immovable condition of electric charge under, voltage can change because of the distance between the capacitor two-plate, the size of its capacitance also can follow the distance between the two-plate to change and change, and this is because of the synergistic cause of electric field between two-plate.And the electric capacity of indication here, its capacitance is can not change because of the position of charged object.Therefore, the electric capacity of saying here is for an isolated charged object, not influenced by other electric field, and capacitor then is for two or more electrical bodies, and the electric field that capacitance size will be produced by two or more pole plates interacts.In addition, capacitor charge and discharge is not need the loop, and two electrical bodies contact with each other, whose current potential height, and who will discharge, and whose current potential is low, and who will be recharged, and capacitor charging/discharging must have a closed-loop path.
The earth also is an electrical body, according to measuring, a consistent electric field is vertically downward arranged at the earth's surface, electric field strength E be about 100 volts/rice, but the size of field intensity with the height increase weaken, more than about 50 km height, it is very faint that field intensity becomes.In addition, measuring, near the conductivity of atmosphere ground 0Be about 3 * 10 -14West illiteracys/rice, and increase with increase highly.The direction of the current density j of hence one can see that earth surface is pointed to the earth's core, and size is
j＝σ 0E
So to the total current intensity I of earth surface be from air flow
I＝j4πR 2
R is the radius of the earth, gets 64 * 10 5Rice, the value that just can obtain I is about 14 * 10 2(peace).
Condition according to stabling current: And v = ∫ R ∞ Edl The current potential that can obtain earth surface is about-4 * 10 5(volt).
The reason that the earth is charged, one is because the earth is all receiving a large amount of electronegative atomic radiation of cosmic ray all the year round, another is that the outer space ultraviolet ray produces ionosphere to air exposure, and earth surface is produced induction, and thermal current generating frictional electrification and lightning induction or the like.That says here is charged, be the potential difference of electrical body strictly speaking with respect to unlimited distance, when carrying out theory analysis, people are defined as zero potential to unlimited distance, but in actual applications, people have got used to the earth as zero potential, this can not cause very big influence for general practical application yet, because, the earth can be considered a big conductor, its current potential can be thought a constant, and the current potential in the consistent electric field just had relative meaning originally, therefore, for convenience's sake, the current potential that can select the earth in actual applications is zero (being reference point), only under very special situation, just can go to consider its absolute potential (being that reference point is a unlimited distance).
(2), the essential structure of oil smoke electronics recover
Oil smoke electronics recover mainly is made up of 4 parts: 1, oil smoke high pressure ionization plate (the first high-voltage anode A), 2, cooking fume-collecting plate (second plate B and negative electrode), 3, the fluid recovering tray, 4, high voltage source.
1, the structure of oil smoke high pressure ionization plate
Fig. 5 is the basic block diagram of oil smoke high pressure ionization plate, because its band high pressure positive electricity, the material around being easy to make produces ionization, and can produce galvano-cautery, therefore must use the metal material of electrocorrosion-resisting to make.Gold, platinum all are good electrocorrosion-resisting metal materials, but in order to reduce cost, material can select for use the relatively low molybdenum wire material of price to make, and this material is easy to buy on market.In addition, in order to reduce the resistance of oil smoke high pressure ionization plate to oil smoke, with prevent that oil smoke high pressure ionization plate from becoming the cooking fume-collecting pole plate and being detained dirt, oil smoke high pressure ionization plate is preferably selected lattice structure (fence structure or trellis) for use, can further reduce cost like this.
The size of metal gate checkerwork cell is directly proportional with the added voltage of oil smoke high pressure ionization plate, Anywhere electric-field intensity (with respect to soot particles) all will be higher than more than the 1000V/mm in the metal gate checkerwork cell, make soot particles in the middle of the metal gate checkerwork cell through out-of-date, be ionized all and charge.Oil smoke high pressure ionization plate is selected the structure of Fig. 5 (b) for use or selected the structure of 5 (a) for use, and is as broad as long substantially on result of use, but the structure of Fig. 5 (b) is simpler than the structure of 5 (a).
Because before soot particles also was not recharged, its current potential was zero, when soot particles is positioned at the middle position of high-field electrode metal gate checkerwork cell, can regard the electric field around the soot particles as uniform electric field, its electric field strength E=U a/ L, U in the formula aBe first high-voltage anode voltage, L is the distance of soot particles to the high-field electrode metal grate, i.e. A 1To A 2Half of distance.Suppose that the added voltage of oil smoke high pressure ionization plate is 10000 volts, can equal 10 millimeters in the hope of L thus, promptly the spacing of high-field electrode metal gate checkerwork cell should be less than 20 millimeters.
2, the structure of cooking fume-collecting plate
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the basic structure schematic diagrames of cooking fume-collecting plate, and it is called as the sheet metal of second plate and negative electrode by a lot of pieces, are separated by to be arranged in together to form, must strictly insulate between two sheet metals, and sound construction is not easy distortion, and little to the resistance of oil smoke.In principle, as the sheet metal of cooking fume-collecting plate, its thickness is got over Bao Yuehao, but the too thin easy deformation of thickness is difficult to guarantee that the distance between every two boards is all the same, as long as a distortion is arranged, will cause between anode and the negative electrode and strike sparks.The cooking fume-collecting plate is generally made of metal material, but also can make of plastics in order to reduce cost, then in plastic surface galvanizing or spraying layer of conductive material.
Environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber in the practical application should be a plurality of specifications.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are horizontal type structure, and volume ratio is less, generally are used for family expenses environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber more; Fig. 8 is a vertical structure, and volume ratio is bigger, generally is used for the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber of using in restaurant, hotel or canteen more.Distance between the two-plate of cooking fume-collecting plate according to the difference of environment for use, can change, the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber that volume is bigger, and the distance between the two-plate can obtain bigger.But it is constant substantially that electric-field intensity requires, and promptly distance is big more, and the voltage between the two-plate is just high more.General electric-field intensity requires for example, when the distance between two metal polar plates is 5mm, then to need two voltages between the metal polar plate greater than 4000V greater than 800V/mm; When the distance between two metal polar plates is 3mm, then need two voltages between the metal polar plate greater than 2400V.Generally speaking, the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber that hotel, restaurant or canteen are used, its volume ratio is bigger, and structure is also complicated a lot.Therefore, required distance between two metal polar plates is big, be to be easy to ventilate on the one hand, reduce the resistance of oil smoke, be for the ease of fixed processing on the other hand, so require the voltage of second plate also very high, and the voltage of the voltage ratio second plate of the first anode is higher, generally up to more than the 10000V.Fig. 9 is the electrical schematic diagram that is connected high voltage source in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber oil smoke collector between the first anode and the second plate.
Under general air pressure, when two interelectrode voltages during up to the 1000V/mm left and right sides, begin corona between two electrodes, promptly the air between two electrodes begins to be ionized and to discharge, can see the blue light that two electrodes are faint because of gas discharge sends in the dark, or hear very faint " rustling " atmospherical discharges sound, along with voltage further raises, corona intensity will further improve, atmospherical discharges sound also constantly increases, can send " whip " very strong discharging sound at last, promptly be punctured by atmospherical discharges between the two poles of the earth.Electric-field intensity between the cooking fume-collecting plate in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber should be selected in when just having begun corona to occur between two electrodes proper.This moment, the operating current (air ionization discharge electric current) of high voltage source was smaller, and efficient is very high, and can produce a large amount of band anion oxygen, played very large effect to environment is pure and fresh, and is beneficial to health.And when the overtension between the polarization collecting board, not only can reduce the operating efficiency of power supply, also can produce ozone.Ozone sterilization is very capable, and is beneficial to environment disinfected, but corrosive power is also very strong, can produce corrosion to peripheral object, and human body sucks excessive ozone for a long time, can influence healthy.
Choosing of 2-1, cooking fume-collecting plate area and length
For the number and the area of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber cooking fume-collecting plate, fibrous root decides according to the ventilating opening sectional area and the wind speed of concrete environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber.The sectional area of lampblack absorber ventilating opening is big more, and the number that needs the cooking fume-collecting plate is many more (under the certain situations of electric-field intensity) just, and the height of collecting board, or area also will increase, and the length of collecting board then will decide according to wind speed.Be that wind speed is high more, its length is just long more.We can regard the movement locus of soot particles as result that two power act on simultaneously, and one is wind speed, and another is an effect of electric field power, and obviously under the certain situation of effect of electric field power, wind speed is high more, and it is long more that the movement locus of soot particles will become.As calculating, can be undertaken by following method to the length of cooking fume-collecting plate.
Electric field is to the directed force F of soot particles e, be expressed from the next:
F e＝E×q a (1)
E is the electric-field intensity (can think uniformly) between two collecting boaries in the formula, q aThe quantity of electric charge for the soot particles band.Quantity of electric charge q aCan try to achieve according to following formula:
q a＝C a×U a (2)
C in the formula aBe the capacitance of soot particles, U aBe first anode voltage.
Calculate the acceleration of soot particles under the electric field force effect at last, the acceleration a of soot particles is:
a＝F e/m a (3)
M in the formula aFor the quality of soot particles, obtain acceleration, can obtain the time t that soot particles arrives collecting board, because
l＝υ 0t+at 2/2 (4)
L is the distance between two collecting boaries in the formula, υ 0Be initial velocity, make υ 0=0, can try to achieve:
t 2＝2S/a (5)
Just can obtain the length of cooking fume-collecting plate according to time t and wind speed υ, the length L of collecting board is:
L＝υ×t (6)
In the superincumbent computational process, crucial problem is how to calculate the capacitance C of soot particles aFor this reason, we go through this problem.
At first we discuss, and how could allow object charged.Figure 10 (a) is the conducting sphere that an insulator is being fixed, if it is placed among the electric field, will produce electrostatic induction so.If this conducting sphere ground connection, the positive charge of induction neutralizes with the negative electrical charge on ground, shown in Figure 10 (b).And then the earth lead of conducting sphere disconnected, and conducting sphere away from electric field, will find that conducting sphere has been with electricity, shown in Figure 10 (c).How much charged on the conducting sphere, depend on the size of electric field strength E, with vertical (vertical) projected area S of conducting sphere, generally all can think S=π r with electric field 2, r is the radius of conducting sphere.
Figure 11 is that soot particles is when passing between high-voltage anode, by charged process, A 1And A 2Be idiostatic high-voltage anode, C represents soot particles.Among Figure 11 soot particles by conducting sphere among charged operation principle and Figure 10 by charged process very similar (we can regard soot particles as conducting sphere).Difference be Figure 10 (b) be to conducting sphere ground connection with lead, and be to pass through highfield among Figure 11 (b), allow the constraint of the electronic pendulum de-oiling molecule in the soot particles, fly to high-voltage anode, its effect and be connected soot particles basic identical with high-voltage anode with lead.
Now we analyze soot particles charged after, to tail band how many electric charges.Soot particles with electric charge, depend primarily on the electric-field intensity size of soot particles, with soot particles vertical (vertical) projected area with electric field with object of reference to object of reference.Among Figure 11 (b) several electric fields are arranged, high-voltage anode A is wherein arranged 1And A 2Electric field E (the E=E of Chan Shenging respectively 1=E 2), the electric field E that also has charged soot particles to produce C, in fact mainly be E CStored charge is worked, and the most doubt here just in time is E CIf charged soot particles is an isolated electrical body, (electric capacity equals the area of soot particles and the ratio of ground sphere area to electric capacity by calculating soot particles, the capacitance of the earth is 1 farad) being easy to just can be in the hope of charge Q, but soot particles is not an isolated electrical body now, it has confidential relation with the object of reference of periphery, object of reference be exactly around the soot particles with the equipotential object of the earth, they and charged soot particles produce electric field E jointly C, i.e. E CA lot of components are arranged, and every corresponding object just has one-component.If we can find out E CAfter pointing to the distance of object of reference, just be easy to calculate the electric charge of charged soot particles, computational methods are to calculate the size of the electric capacity of soot particles earlier.The size of electric capacity is tried to achieve by following formula:
C＝εS/4πkd (7)
ε is a dielectric constant in the formula, and S is that the area of soot particles and object of reference projection is (with electric field E CVertically), k=9 * 10 in the International System of Units 9Newton meter 2/ coulomb 2, d is the distance of soot particles to object of reference.In the oil smoke electronics recover of family expenses environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, with E CVertically and again with the idiostatic negative electrode that has only high voltage protection net, lampblack absorber shell and cooking fume-collecting plate of the earth, the distance of they and the first anode is exactly the distance of soot particles to object of reference.For family expenses environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, about about 50mm, promptly d is approximately 50mm to this distance, does not have the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber of high voltage protection net, with E greatly CVertical object is exactly the shell of lampblack absorber except the negative electrode of cooking fume-collecting plate, its distance generally at 100mm between the 300mm.Also have two high-voltage anodes (second high-voltage anode) on the both sides of negative electrode, the electric field that high-voltage anode produces can produce the partly shielding effect effect by target, therefore, the anticathode projected area of soot particles will be had a greatly reduced quality, left main consideration be exactly that soot particles is to the projected area of high voltage protection net and casing.Below we get one group of data arbitrarily and come the length of cooking fume-collecting plate is estimated.
Calculated example:
Example 1:
Get soot particles radius r=0.01mm=10 -5Rice
The projected area of soot particles=π r 2=π 10 -10Rice 2---only get the single face projection here, the target projection is ignored
Get soot particles and object of reference apart from d=0.1 rice---estimated value
The soot particles capacitor C aε S/4 π kd=2.8 * 10 -20(farad)---get ε=1
q a=C a* U a=2.8 * 10 -20* 10 4V=2.8 * 10 -16(coulomb)---establishing first anode voltage is 10 4V
F e=E * q a=10 6* 2.8 * 10 -16=2.8 * 10 -10(newton)---establish that electric-field intensity is 10 between the collecting board 6V/m
A=F e/ m a=2.8 * 10 -10/ ((4 π/3) (10 -5) 3* 800)---the proportion of establishing soot particles is 800 kilograms/meter 3
A=84 (meter per second 2)
t 2=2S/a=2 * 0.005/84---the distance of establishing between the collecting board is 5mm
T=0.01 (second)
Example 2:
Get the soot particles radius r 1=0.001mm=10 -6Rice
The projected area of soot particles=π r 2=π 10 -12
Get soot particles and object of reference apart from d=0.1 rice
The soot particles capacitor C a=ε S/4 π kd=28 * 10 -23(farad)---get ε=1
q a=C a* U a=28 * 10 -23* 10 4=28 * 10 -19(coulomb)---establishing first anode voltage is 10 4V
F e=E * q a=10 6* 28 * 10 -19=28 * 10 -13(newton)---establish that electric-field intensity is 10 between the collecting board 6V/m
A=F e/ m a=28 * 10 -13/ ((4 π/3) (10 -6) 3* 800)---the proportion of establishing soot particles is 800 kilograms/meter 3
A=0.84 * 10 3(meter per second 2)
t 2＝2S/a＝2×0.005/840
T=1.0 * 10 -3(second)
Result of calculation shows that soot particles is under effect of electric field, and acceleration is relevant with electric-field intensity, and is also relevant with the volume of soot particles.Electric-field intensity is big more, and the volume of soot particles is more little, and acceleration is just big more.This shows, oil smoke electronics recover is very strong to the absorption of oil smoke, this just can be seen from the acceleration of soot particles and draw, the acceleration of soot particles is far longer than the wind speed that air exhauster produces, the volume of soot particles is more little, oil smoke electronics recover is just strong more to its recovery ability, and this has just in time remedied common lampblack absorber to the nonabsorbable shortcoming of small soot particles.In addition, as can be seen, oil smoke that these places are stained with or dust are many especially from colour television set mesohigh bag or near the observation of the object it for we, and this illustrates the very effective to the absorption of oil smoke thing really of high-pressure electrostatic.
The wind speed of general household cooker hood oil smoke porch approximately has only 0.2 to 0.5 meter per second, the wind speed in exit is approximately about 1 meter per second, and the large-scale smoke exhaust ventilator that uses for some hotels, restaurant, canteen, wind speed is than higher, the wind speed of porch may reach about the 1-2 meter per second, but the exit wind speed is all less than 10 meter per seconds.The wind speed height will be greatly to the requirement of the attraction of soot particles, if the radius of soot particles is 0.1mm, can try to achieve acceleration according to top computational methods is 8.4 meter per seconds 2, the time that soot particles arrives collecting board is 0.1 second, if wind speed is 2 meter per seconds, the minimum needs of the length of cooking fume-collecting plate are 0.2 meter so, if get one times of surplus, then the length of cooking fume-collecting plate is 0.4 meter.
Though top result of calculation is more rough, it is not very big differing with result of practical application.We made the cooking fume-collecting plate that an area is 360 (length) * 450 (height) square millimeter, the ventilating opening area is the oil smoke recover of 500 (wide) * 450 (height) square millimeter, in the full diet shop, test, effect is very desirable, the air of oil smoke through getting rid of again behind the recover nearly all is pure air.Figure 12 is the oil smoke recover reference diagram of test usefulness.
3, the structure of fluid recovering tray
Environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, reaches the purpose that reclaims fluid and gets final product as long as easy for installation fluid recovering tray not strict structure and performance requirement on operation principle.Figure 11 is the contour structure figure of fluid recovering tray, and the fluid recovering tray is installed in the below of cooking fume-collecting plate.Oil smoke of collecting on the cooking fume-collecting plate and impurity can accumulate in together at leisure, and flowed downward by the effect of gravity, can little by little flow among the fluid recovering tray at last.The fluid recovering tray need often take off cleaning, therefore in the both sides of fluid recovering tray guide rail is installed all generally, so that charge and discharge operations.
In actual applications, the fluid recovering tray generally all is made into a fluid gatherer that the degree of depth is very shallow, and its fluid of collecting also must be transferred among another container (fluid memory), cleans to save volume and to be convenient to.The fluid memory generally all is installed in a place of being convenient to load and unload outside the fluid gatherer, is communicated with by converting interface between them, and fluid flows among the fluid memory by it.
4, the installation of oil smoke electronics recover
Oil smoke electronics recover generally all is installed in the lampblack absorber ventilation duct near the porch, as Figure 14, installs more conveniently like this, and the efficient that absorbs oil smoke also can improve widely, because the temperature of porch is than higher, soot particles is vaporized easily, and flow resistance is smaller.Ventilation duct and air exhauster can be do not polluted through the fresh air that filters, the life-span of air exhauster can be increased.Oil smoke recover among Figure 14 belongs to single port formula (only oil smoke inlet) structure, and this structure generally is used in the large-scale smoke exhaust ventilator of those hotels, restaurant, canteen use more.
Figure 15 and Figure 16 are the basic block diagram of dual-opening type (two oil smoke inlets) environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber.All there are two cooking stoves in the kitchen of general family, the corresponding oil smoke inlet of each cooking stove.Seem better appearance, operating efficiency also can improve in addition, because the resistance of oil smoke porch wind is little a lot of with respect to the lampblack absorber that has only an oil smoke inlet.But two oil smoke inlets must have two high pressure ionization plates (first anode), Duoed one than single port formula environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, and the cooking fume-collecting plate are public.Another characteristics of dual-opening type environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber are suction opeing tops at the cooking fume-collecting plate, so the length of cooking fume-collecting plate are than one times of single port formula oil smoke captain.Figure 16 is fully identical with Figure 15 on operation principle, has just carried out some improvement aspect the size of cooking fume-collecting plate, makes structure more reasonable, and space availability ratio is higher.Figure 15 and Figure 16 have installed a fluid storage box more than structurally, and purpose is to reduce the thickness of lampblack absorber and be convenient to lampblack absorber to clean.
(2), flue dust electronics recover
(1), the character of flue dust
Theoretically, the proportion of flue dust is far longer than air, can but why it be floating aloft? this reason can only be explained from two aspects: one is the influence of heated airflow, the flue dust quality is very little, be easy to be involved in wherein by thermal current, involuntarily, appoint to drive and drift, as the object from the chimney combustion gas with thermal current.Another is charged, and every kind of material all has the potential energy of the own character of representative, and two kinds of objects of different nature are close together and will produce " junctional potential is poor ".When two kinds of objects of different nature contact, these two kinds of materials will discharge mutually and charge, and promptly electric charge need distribute again in the body, make object keep electroneutral.And when separating after the two articles contact, two articles will be all charged, a positively charged, and another is electronegative; Object is charged, and the potential energy that is equivalent to self increases or reduced, if charged object separates again once more with after other heterogeneity or charged object contacts, two articles can be with more electric charge again, and promptly potential energy is constantly increasing or reduction, and triboelectricity is exactly this principle.Need to prove that need energy separating again after two object contacts of different nature, this energy is from wind, or thermal current.
The existence that proves " junctional potential is poor " is easy to, do experiment with one pair of highly sensitive high impedance earphone (crystal receiver earphone), two joints of earphone connect sheet metal of different nature respectively, right latter two sheet metal is collided back and forth, from earphone, can hear " chuckleing " sound, this illustrates two kinds of sheet metals of different nature, is discharging and recharging mutually when colliding.Select different sheet metals for use, the sound size is all different, and the potential energy of every kind of metal is described, promptly " junctional potential " is also different.The two ends of two kinds of sheet metals of different nature are contained in the mouth simultaneously, and again other two terminal shortcircuits, it is numb that face will be felt, this explanation has electric current to flow through face, does experiment if change the metal of same nature into, and above-mentioned phenomenon just can not occur.Dry cell, thermocouple all are to utilize the principle of " junctional potential is poor " produced.
We had pointed out that the earth was an electrical body front, and the current potential of earth surface is about-4 * 10 5Volt, after negative electricity on the jobbie band, the electric field of this object will produce with the electric field of the earth and interact, and its result is exactly that this object is by the electric field holder of the earth aloft.The negative electrical charge of object band is many more, and it is just big more to rest in aerial height, contacts with each other up to the object of charged object and other oppositely charged, and discharge off, and separated no longer again, object just can be broken away from the effect of earth electric field force, become freely falling body, or dropped to ground by rain drop erosion.This shows that flue dust is immanent, except flue dust, sand and dust also are omnipresent.In Xi'an, when not raining for a long time, whole sky all is a lark, and the air the inside is just contained a large amount of, the floating sand and dust of coming from the loess plateau.The major function of flue dust electronic absorber is exactly to charged corpuscle floating in these air---and flue dust and sand and dust absorb.
(2), the basic structure of flue dust electronics recover
Corresponding fully with the oil smoke electronics recover in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber, the flue dust electronic absorber mainly also is made up of 4 parts: 1, flue dust high pressure ionization plate (the first high-voltage anode A), 2, flue dust collecting plate (second plate B and negative electrode), 3, the flue dust recovering tray, 4, high voltage source.Figure 17 is the fundamental diagram of flue dust electronics recover.
The main distinction of oil smoke and flue dust is, becomes a kind of liquid of very thickness after oil smoke is recovered, and its chemical composition mainly is a grease; And flue dust becomes the powder of a kind of black or grey after being recovered, and it is a kind of mixture, and its chemical composition more complicated wherein also contains oily matter (vegetable oil and mineral oil), as coal tar, but most of still mineral matter and organic matter.Because oil smoke and flue dust are qualitative different, oil smoke electronics recover and flue dust electronic absorber are distinguishing aspect mounting structure.Oil smoke just as paste is bonded on the minus plate, is not easy to become once more oil smoke and returns in the air after being collected by the cooking fume-collecting plate, produces secondary pollution.And after flue dust collected by the flue dust collecting plate, will become freely falling body, and fall down from minus plate, as in the process that falls down, running into the effect of wind-force again, be easy to and can produce secondary pollution.
Therefore, the flue dust electronic absorber preferably is installed on the minimum place of wind speed in the ventilation shaft when in use, utilizes the effect of the tension force of air generation to the flue dust powder, makes flue dust powder easier falling the flue dust recovering tray from minus plate.Preferably also on minus plate and in the flue dust recovering tray, various, the rugged ground peg of some shapes is installed, in addition to increase adsorption capacity, as shown in figure 18 to the flue dust powder.But note that as the ground peg of installing, what select for use is metal material on minus plate, then must strengthen the distance between negative electrode and positive plate.Figure 19 is the basic using method schematic diagram of flue dust electronics recover.
The effect of flue dust electronic absorber mainly is to absorb airborne flue dust and fresh air, the flue dust electronic absorber in can being installed in the ventilation shaft in the central air conditioner system, more also be mounted in the general family and use.For general family, the flue dust electronic absorber preferably is installed in to have on the cross-ventilated window.Also can select for use as shown in figure 20, flue dust electronic absorber with draft effect, this flue dust electronic absorber, the spitting image of the little air-conditioning of window formula that uses at present, but the little air-conditioning of its volume ratio window formula is little very many, and also littler than the oil smoke electronics recover volume in the environment-protecting kitchen ventilator, because in general family, air change of current speed does not need as air-conditioning high.
(3), high voltage source
Oil smoke electronics recover high voltage source in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and general power supply require to differ widely at aspect of performance; the high voltage source of oil smoke electronics recover, to safety, output overcurrent, sparking, short-circuit protection; etc. the requirement of aspect, different with general power supply.Oil smoke electronics recover is as the load of high voltage source, because oil smoke density can often change along with the situation of the cooking, electrical conductivity between the cooking fume-collecting plate is also constantly changing, and therefore work is very unstable, and load sometimes is very light, be equivalent to open circuit, load sometimes is very heavy, is equivalent to short circuit, sometimes also can strike sparks, even the people gets an electric shock for maloperation, these situations all consider respectively.When oil smoke density increases suddenly, because can producing strongly when polarized, oil smoke discharges and recharges, the load meeting of high voltage source becomes very heavy, even the breakdown generation sparking of air.And high pressure is exported long-time power overload, or sparking for a long time between the cooking fume-collecting plate, and the general high voltage power supply holds be can't stand.Under different environments for use, the structure and the volume of the oil smoke electronics recover in the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber are also different, the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber that hotel, hotel, canteen use, and volume ratio is bigger, requires the high voltage source power output bigger.Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 25, Figure 26 adapt to the environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber high voltage source that various varying environments are used.
1, auto-excitation type high-voltage switch power supply
Auto-excitation type high-voltage switch power supply cost is low, and circuit is simple, therefore, is requiring under the less situation of power output or is often being used.Figure 21 and Figure 22 are auto-excitation type high-voltage switch power supply electrical schematic diagrams, mainly by EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) circuit, rectifying and wave-filtering, switching mode power supply transformer, switching tube, pulse-width modulation circuit, error signal sampling amplification and control circuit, high-voltage rectifier etc., several parts are formed for it.Figure 22 compares with Figure 21, and just have any different slightly in indivedual places of control circuit part, and the other parts operation principle is identical, with Figure 21 its operation principle is described below.
Among Figure 21, V1 is a power supply switch tube, and V2, V3 are the pulse width modulation pipe, and T1 is a switching mode power supply transformer, and they are the main bodys that constitute self-activated switch power supply.C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, L1, R1, R2 are EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) filtering buffer circuit, and main effect is the electromagnetic noise that prevents that Switching Power Supply from producing, and scurries into electrical network and disturbs other electric equipment.The main effect of L1 is that common-mode signal is suppressed and filtering; The effect of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 suppresses and filtering difference mode signal.R1, R2 and R56 are electrostatic leakage resistance, by these three resistance, the cold ground of the earth, casing, transformer secondary output, and thermally elementary, all link together, and it mainly acts on is that electrostatic high-pressure each several part generation in the circuit is all released to the earth.For example, when certain electric capacity is full of electricity, its real zero potential is in the middle of the two-plate of capacitor, the two ends that are capacitor all are electrical bodies, if the floating ground of a termination of capacitor (common port) also is electrical body with respect to the earth floatingly then, if floating ground is connected with the earth by a resistance, with the electric capacity that is connected floatingly, just have only an end charged, thereby can reduce the part electromagnetic interference so.
D1-D4 is rectifier bridge heap or commutation diode, C6 is the energy storage filter capacitor, R3, R4 are the starting of oscillation resistance that bias current is provided for switching tube, the N1-2 coil of transformer is the load of switching tube, N3-4 is a feedback coil, feedback voltage is added between the E-B of V1 by C10, C11, R9, makes the V1 conducting or ends; When V1 will conducting, feedback voltage was a positive bias, makes V1 saturated by being conducting to fast; When V1 by being conducting to will turn-off the time, feedback voltage becomes negative bias by positive bias again, make V1 by the conducting fast transition for ending.C9 is the storage capacitor of feedback coil rectifier output voltage, and the negative bias voltage that feedback coil N3-4 produces is stored among the C9 after by the D6 rectification, and when the V3 conducting, the last stored voltage of C9 also is added between the E-B of V1 by V3, makes V1 anti-inclined to one side.This shows, V1 constantly has two voltages to be added between its E-B, one is induced voltage (positively biased or the back bias voltage that feedback coil N3-4 produces, be added to by C10, C11, R9 between the E-B of V1), also have a C9 to go up the back bias voltage (also being added to by the V3 conducting between the E-B of V1) of storage simultaneously.By the conducting degree of control V3, just can control the anti-inclined to one side degree of V1 like this, thereby the saturation conduction of control V1 and shutoff deadline reach the gauge tap electric power output voltage with this.
What deserves to be mentioned is that C10 is the feedback voltage coupling capacitance, also is to produce the sawtooth waveforms timing capacitor, and the effect of D7 is to quicken the C10 discharge, shortens V1 deadline, improves the dutycycle (saturation conduction time with whole cycle ratio) of V1.R9 is a current-limiting resistance, and its resistance size decision V1 is blasting or underexcitation.C11 is a speed-up capacitor, select suitable can increasing work efficiency.R12 is the operating current sample resistance; when operating current is excessive; particularly firm first cycle of starting shooting; when the storage capacitor of all output loops also is not full of electricity; the saturation conduction time of V1 is long especially; operating current is very big; be easy to make transformer saturated; the V1 overcurrent is damaged, in this case, when the voltage drop that produces by R12 when the operating current of V1 surpasses the 1.5V left and right sides; this voltage is added to the base stage of V2 through R11, D8 and C12; make the V2 conducting, force V1 to end in advance, play the effect of overcurrent protection.C13 is a damping capacitor, and its effect is to absorb the counter electromotive force spike that the primary leakage inductance produces, and prevents that the power supply switch tube V1 from puncturing.
The duty of V3 is controlled by error amplifier V2 and U1, and U1 is a photoelectrical coupler, and it mainly acts on is that circuit between the cold and hot ground is isolated, and carries out error signal and amplify, and error signal is from the output of Q1 and Q2.Q1, Q2 are built-in reference voltages, and the error amplifier of comparing function is arranged, and when input voltage is higher than reference voltage value time error amplifier error signal output (electric current output) are arranged.The input voltage of Q1 is from sample circuit VR1, VR1 takes a sample to two paths of signals simultaneously, one the tunnel is the low pressure output (12V) of Switching Power Supply, another road is high pressure output (second plate voltage), to reach the stable purpose of two output voltage, this two paths of signals is correlated with, and any one the tunnel has fault to disconnect can not influence the operate as normal of Switching Power Supply, thereby has improved the reliability of machine; The input voltage of Q2 is from abnormal condition control sampling, and main effect is the work safety that guarantees machine, also will describe in detail below this part.
Switching mode power supply transformer has the output of two-way voltage, and one the tunnel is low pressure output (about 12V), and for amplification, the control circuit use of this power supply, another road is high pressure output, and after the rectification of boosting, the fuel feeding cigarette electron collector first anode and second plate use.Because common switching mode power supply transformer, can't export high pressure more than the 5000V because of Insulation Problems, therefore utilize high tension apparatus C51, C52, C53, C54 and D51, D52, D53, D54 etc., the rectification of boosting.The operation principle of the operation principle of boost rectifying circuit and general voltage doubling rectifing circuit is basic identical, only voltage doubling rectifing circuit generally all is meant, the alternating current symmetrical fully for positive-negative half-cycle carries out rectification, and the boost rectifying circuit here, the alternating current that carries out rectification is not symmetrical fully positive-negative half-cycle waveform.The former rectification output becomes the relation of integral multiple with the amplitude of input waveform, latter's rectification output is the relation that becomes integral multiple with the peak-to-peak value of input waveform.
After the rectification of boosting, at the exportable dc voltage value in capacitor C 53 two ends, up to the peak-to-peak value (about 5500V is as the second plate operating voltage) of transformer secondary output N7-8 high pressure output voltage; C53 and C54 stack output voltage are up to the twice peak-to-peak value (about 11000V is as first anode operating voltage) of transformer secondary output N7-8 high pressure output voltage.R53 is a high pressure output sample resistance, and the sampling output signal is fed to error amplifier Q1 and amplifies; R54 and R55 are output overcurrent protection sample resistances, and the sampling output signal is fed to comparison amplifier U2A amplifies, and usual U2A does not have signal output, and when having only the high pressure output overloading, U2A just has control signal output.
General Switching Power Supply all is to be operated in the single way of output, the positive energize or the anti-way of output that encourages, and the dutycycle of V1 (saturation conduction time with whole cycle ratio) all very little (less than 1/2).Different with general Switching Power Supply, in Figure 21, no matter be at switching tube V1 saturation conduction, or turn-off end during, the secondary of switching mode power supply transformer all providing power output to load, so the Switching Power Supply among Figure 21 belongs to positive and negative excitation formula output Switching Power Supply.This power supply has characteristics, when transformer secondary output N7-8 output voltage (end and swash formula) when negative, the dutycycle that its output amplitude can not followed power supply switch tube V1 changes, and change, the primary voltage that output amplitude equals transformer forever multiply by the turn ratio of transformer, and just mean value is constantly changing; And output voltage is timing (inverse-excitation type), and the dutycycle that its output amplitude can be followed power supply switch tube V1 changes, and changes, and dutycycle is big more, and amplitude of output voltage is just high more.Because the booster circuit of back only boosts to the transformer secondary output output voltage amplitude and works, and mean value is worked the effect of boosting hardly, therefore, the size of the voltage amplitude the when size of high pressure output regulation depends primarily on the output of Switching Power Supply inverse-excitation type.Can prove that thus when the dutycycle of power supply switch tube V1 approximates 0.5 when (being to approximate saturation conduction time of switching tube to turn-off deadline), every performance of high pressure output is an optimum value.
When the dutycycle of switching tube is 0.5, the requirement of withstand voltage of power supply switch tube also will correspondingly be brought up to more than the twice of input voltage, for example, and when input voltage is AC-250V (220V positive 15%), the rectifying and wave-filtering output voltage is up to DC-360V, and double voltage is exactly DC-720V.The withstand voltage in the market power supply switch tube greater than 800V seldom, so the input voltage of Figure 21 Switching Power Supply have to be selected AC-120V for use.
Among Figure 21, D10 is a damper diode, and in general Switching Power Supply, this diode is no.Because switching mode power supply transformer secondary in the positive-negative half-cycle of output voltage all providing power output to load, and booster circuit belongs to capacitive load, and this is equivalent to be parallel with the electric capacity that a numerical value is approximately picofarad more than 1,000 transformer secondary.In addition, the distribution capacity of secondary coil is also very important, because the number of turn of secondary coil is a lot, these electric capacity such as equivalence are to the primary return of transformer, and the numerical value of equivalent capacity can reach several ten thousand to the hundreds of thousands picofarad.The primary coil leakage inductance of this equivalent electric capacity and transformer can constitute a LC connection in series-parallel composite resonant loop, resonant frequency greatly about kHz more than 100 between the hundreds of kHz.
When switching tube in conducting and moment of ending, because current-rising-rate di/dt and voltage build-up rate dv/dt are very big, can produce shock oscillation to resonant tank and (, will produce shock oscillation resonant tank when the current-rising-rate in the circuit or voltage build-up rate during greater than current-rising-rate in the resonant tank or voltage build-up rate; When the current-rising-rate in the circuit or voltage build-up rate during less than current-rising-rate in the resonant tank or voltage build-up rate, resonant tank produces damped oscillation).Under certain conditions, switching tube conducting and the phase place of ending, the high order (odd number) that just in time makes pulse is when harmonic frequency equals the loop resonant frequency, in resonant tank, will produce self-sustained oscillation, and amplitude may be greater than the input power source voltage, soon between the collector and emitter of V1, produce negative voltage, make collector junction produce forward bias, the oscillating current of primary return can be sensed feedback coil when serious, feedback signal is amplified by V1 again, produces intermittent oscillation at last, and this situation gently then can increase the loss of switching tube, transformer send " " the intermittent oscillation modulated acoustic, heavy then over-voltage breakdown power supply switch tube.Adding the purpose of a diode D10 at the colelctor electrode of power supply switch tube, is exactly when producing the higher-order of oscillation in the primary loop, prevents that collector junction from producing forward bias, reducing the loss of switching tube, and improves the reliability of Switching Power Supply.
1-1, high pressure output overcurrent, sparking, short circuit, safety protective circuit
Among Figure 21, Q2, U2A, U2B are the major control circuit of high pressure output overcurrent, sparking safeguard protection.Q2 is a built-in reference voltage, and the error amplifier with comparing function, only when input voltage is higher than reference voltage value time error amplifier error signal output (electric current output) is arranged, and the Q2 output current is 0 substantially at ordinary times; U2A and U2B are a comparison amplifier (exclusive disjunction amplifiers), and Q4 is equivalent to a voltage-stabilized power supply here, and its output voltage is used as the reference voltage of U2A, U2B, and the inverting input of receiving comparison amplifier U2A and U2B (is designated as U F).High voltage source output voltage (HVB, about 5500V) carries out dividing potential drop with R25, R26 again through resistance R 55 samplings at ordinary times, and the in-phase input end of delivering to U2A and U2B then (is designated as U T), because U TBe far longer than U F, comparison amplifier U2A and U2B all export high level, amplifier V5, V6, the equal conducting of V7.At this moment, LED light is bright, relay J 1 action, and the input of Q2 no signal there is not signal output yet, belongs to normal operating conditions.
The safeguard protection of high pressure output overcurrent
Because oil smoke density can often change along with the situation of the cooking, when the unexpected increase of oil smoke density is excessive, because polarized can the generation of oil smoke discharges and recharges strongly, electric current can increase rapidly, this moment, electric current also can increase in the voltage drop that R54 produces, be that output voltage can reduce, the voltage of delivering to U2A and U2B in-phase input end through resistance R 55 samplings also reduces, i.e. U TReduce.Work as U TLess than U FThe time, comparison amplifier U2A and U2B are with output low level, and amplifier V5, V6, V7 all end.At this moment, LED light does not work, and relay J 1 is failure to actuate, and Q2 is input as high level, Q2 conducting output low level.The output signal of Q2 (low level) is sent to optocoupler amplifier U1 through R6 and amplifies; the U1 output signal send V2, V3 to amplify again; V2, V3 conducting then; and power supply switch tube V1 is ended; cause the output of Switching Power Supply failure of oscillations inactivity at last, thereby play the effect of protection power work safety.
Guard delay and recovery
Above-mentioned high voltage source output overcurrent is protected process automatically, has two crucial details also need further specify.One is the guard delay function, and another is the protection restore funcitons.When high voltage source output moment overcurrent, power supply can not protected at once because during oil smoke density when big little situation often take place, accidental one time moment overcurrent and power overload, high voltage source also has this ability to bear.What high voltage source needed protection is long-time overcurrent or continuous several times overcurrent, will exceed the situation of high voltage source power output ability to bear.This purpose is realized by the circuit that C20, C16, C17, R17, R21 etc. form.Sampled signal at first will carry out integration through C20, and signal discharges and recharges C20 needs the regular hour, treats that the C20 discharge makes voltage (U T) drop to reference voltage U FUnder the time, comparison amplifier U2A output just becomes low level by high level, V5 ends then, the 12V power supply begins to charge to C16 by R21 and D12, the voltage of C16 also charges to C17 by R17 again simultaneously, when the voltage up to the C17 two ends was higher than the reference voltage of Q2 inside, Q2 just began conducting.The Q2 conducting also makes the U1 conducting through R16, and C7 begins discharge after the U1 conducting, and along with the decline of C7 voltage, V2 and V3 also begin slow conducting, and V1 begins to end simultaneously, quits work the output of high voltage source no-voltage up to Switching Power Supply.
When power supply enters guard mode; it is not the high voltage source no-output; low-tension supply does not equally have voltage output yet; at this moment all circuit by low-voltage power supply all will quit work; the work of keeping of power protection all drops on the body of C7; this moment, C7 changed charging into by discharge, and the charging process of C7 is to be undertaken by the E-B knot of stored voltage on the capacitor C 9 by D5, R5, R6 and V2, and C9 also enters the process of a discharge simultaneously.After C7 was full of electricity, the V2 base current dropped to 0, and V2 and V3 are transferred to by conducting and ending, and V1 begins again to rework, and power supply also recovers operate as normal simultaneously.Therefore, adjust the numerical value of C20, C16, C17, R17, R21, R16 and elements such as C7, R6, just can change the time constant of delay circuit, with work safety and normal recovery that guarantees high voltage source.
The high pressure output overcurrent protection of last surface analysis; be the overcurrent protection that belongs under the normal operating conditions fully; its degree of protection is also along with the variation of the load current of high voltage source changes; when certain momentary load electric current increases suddenly; holding circuit is started working; but not necessarily the output of high voltage source is thoroughly turn-offed; effect by the guard delay circuit; just the output voltage of power supply is dragged down from normal value probably; if load is heavy again, can drag down the output voltage of high voltage source more equally.That is, by the effect of guard delay circuit, the high pressure that makes Switching Power Supply no longer is voltage stabilizing output, but firm power output, or the output of limited power.With the work safety of protection high voltage source, only under the situation of power continuous over loading, the guard delay circuit just thoroughly turn-offs high voltage source, and also can recover automatically through power supply after some times.
The safeguard protection of high pressure output sparking
High pressure output sparking protection is different fully with the character of top operate as normal protection, and high voltage arc generally is to cause owing to machine has fault, may be because output voltage is too high, and oil smoke recovery plate is too dirty, or fault such as oil smoke recovery plate distortion causes.First high-voltage anode voltage is very high, the sparking energy is very big, can hear the discharging sound that " whip " is very strong during sparking, the first anode is often struck sparks and can be damaged high-voltage capacitance and commutation diode, because general ceramic disc capacitor all has piezo-electric effect, the stress that capacitor discharge speed can make the ceramics piezo-electric effect produce too soon has little time to discharge, and breaks, and diode is also because of the excessive damage of immediate current.Though second high-voltage anode is more much lower than first high-voltage anode voltage, the electric capacity that oil smoke reclaims between plate the two poles of the earth is very big, and 10,000 picofarads to tens, ten thousand picofarads are generally arranged.The energy of its storage is very big, and the sparking electric current is up to last kiloampere, and sparking sound is louder when striking sparks than first high-voltage anode, but loop current is very little, has only several milliamperes, because of the resistance of current-limiting resistance R54 in the output circuit very big.
During high voltage arc, though top current foldback circuit also can produce protective effect, top holding circuit action is general next all very late, and it is unreliable to work.These parts of R56 among Figure 21, C55, D55 and D13 are the fast protection circuits that are specifically designed to high pressure output sparking.R56 is the resistance that is connected across between casing (the earth) and the cold ground of transformer secondary output, and this resistance has two effects.One is the requirement of EMC, needs between two ground idiostatic.Another is the sample resistance as the electrion loop, and the electric current of high voltage source output (first anode and second plate) is after reclaiming the negative electrode of plate through oil smoke, to flow back to the secondary of transformer through R56 more all.The current ratio that flows through R56 during operate as normal is less, and the voltage drop that produces at the R56 two ends is also very little, and holding circuit is inoperative.When high-voltage output circuit is struck sparks; loop current is very big; electric current is bigger in the voltage drop of R56 and the generation of C55 two ends; this voltage charges to C16 through D13, also charges to C17 by R17 simultaneously, gives Q2 then and amplifies; the Q2 output signal is amplified through U1, V2, V3 again; make V1 end at last, power supply is protected automatically, and the operation principle of this part is fully identical with the analysis of previous section.
The high voltage arc holding circuit is effective equally to output short circuit protection, adjusts the numerical value of elements such as R56 and C55, just can change the sensitivity of high pressure output sparking or short-circuit protection.
High voltage arc holding circuit and Figure 21 among Figure 22 are very different; after Figure 21 mesohigh sparking protection; spent about a few second, power supply also can recover operate as normal automatically, and the high voltage arc holding circuit among Figure 22 is in case after the protection; just can not recover automatically; must use manual reversion, after promptly must disconnecting the input power supply, need wait for that also about time half a minute treats storage capacitor C4 discharge off after; power switch is connected, power supply could operate as normal again.Figure 22 has been howed a controllable silicon VS1 than Figure 21 is main, and associated trigger control circuit: V4, VD1, Q3 etc.Because Q3 is used for being responsible for the high voltage arc sampled signal to amplify specially; the time constant of its input circuit can obtain smaller, and therefore, the high voltage arc holding circuit among Figure 22 is than Figure 21 mesohigh arc protect circuit; it is fast that protection speed is wanted, more reliable to personal safety.
High voltage source maximum output current among Figure 21 and Figure 22 is 5 milliamperes (mean values), limiting peak inrush current can decide by the resistance that changes R51 and R54, but the resistance of R51 and R54 can not be with too much, too big output voltage instability, and the loss power of resistance also can increase in addition.General people think that electric current below 10 milliamperes is safe to the human electric shock in the very short time.Therefore, the protection speed of high voltage source also is a very important safety index.But because the electric capacity of cooking fume-collecting plate is very big, stored energy is also very big, and between do not have current-limiting resistance, get an electric shock during human body contact cooking fume-collecting plate, also be adventurous, therefore structurally also need the cooking fume-collecting plate is protected especially.
From last surface analysis as can be known, the output protection of the high voltage source among Figure 21 and Figure 22 is orderly, highest level is high pressure output sparking and short-circuit protection (comprising also that wherein the human electric shock protects), sample resistance is R56 and capacitor C 55, the maximum protection electric current is 5 milliamperes (mean values), be characterized in that reaction speed is fast, but can not false triggering; Next is high voltage source output overcurrent protection, accidental short time overcurrent is not exported power-off protection, but will reduce output voltage, the restriction power output, to repeatedly or long-time overcurrent just export power-off protection.
The key technical indexes of 1-2, auto-excitation type high-voltage switch power supply
Auto-excitation type high-voltage switch power supply (Figure 21 and Figure 22) the key technical indexes:
1, input voltage AC-120V (+-15%)
2, rated input power 80W
3, peak power output 65W
4, output voltage (adjustable):
First anode voltage: MIN:8000V, MAX:15000V
Second plate voltage: MIN:4000V, MAX:7500V
5, high voltagestability:
First anode voltage :+-500V (0-3mA)
Second plate voltage :+-200V (0-3mA)
6, high pressure regulation (input AC-120V+-15%):
First anode voltage :+-200V
Second plate voltage :+-100V
7, maximum output current:
First anode voltage 5mA (mean value)
Second plate voltage 5mA (mean value)
8, high-pressure and overflowing protection 0.5-1 start-up time second
9, high-pressure and overflowing protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
10, high-pressure and overflowing protection automatic recovery time 1-3 second (being only limited to Figure 21)
11, high voltage arc protects start-up time less than 0.5 second
12, high voltage arc protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
13, high ambient temperature is 45 ℃
14, the interior temperature rise of the highest machine is 25 ℃
15,35 ℃ of power supply switch tube maximum temperaturerises (shell)
16,30 ℃ of switching mode power supply transformer maximum temperaturerises (iron core)
Remarks: rated input power is meant when input power reaches this value, can measure these reference values of listing above, in use had better not surpass these numerical value.
2, separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply
The shortcoming of self-activated switch power supply is that exciting current of switching mode power supply transformer is very big, be that switching mode power supply transformer is worked in a very big magnetic loop line area district, and peakflux density is very near saturation value, magnetic flux density is very high, eddy-current loss and magnetic hystersis loss are all very big, so the switching mode power supply transformer temperature rise is higher.In addition, operating frequency also is difficult to improve, the self-activated switch power supply operating frequency is difficult to reach 60kHz above (during normal load), and operating frequency increases the weight of along with load and reduces, therefore the weber capacity of power transformer need be obtained very big, be that transformer core area coil turn big or transformer is a lot, i.e. copper resistance loss is also bigger.The separated exciting Switching Power Supply just in time can overcome above shortcoming, and under equal conditions the volume of switching mode power supply transformer can dwindle a lot, and efficient also can improve a lot.
Figure 23 and Figure 24 are separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply electrical schematic diagrams.The vibration of general separated exciting Switching Power Supply, to transfer wide, drive circuit all be to be integrated in one to become (U4 among the figure) among the integrated circuit device of (being called for short IC), and all be directly to power from the rectification output end step-down by a high-power resistance, operating voltage is selected than higher (12-20V), but electric current very little (5-20mA), therefore can only select for use the very high FET of input impedance as power supply switch tube, as select for use bipolar transistor as power supply switch tube, then need to carry out the impedance conversion with transformer.Figure 23 compares with Figure 24, compares equally with Figure 22 with Figure 21 of front, and just have any different slightly in indivedual places of control circuit part, and the other parts operation principle is identical, with Figure 23 its operation principle is described below.
U4 selects for use UC3842 (American TI Company product) integrated circuit relatively more commonly used to do the vibration of Switching Power Supply, transfers wide, drive circuit (being called for short PWM-IC, pulse width modulation-integrated circuit) among Figure 23.General PWM-IC has a RC oscillator and a voltage comparison amplifier.Homophase or inverting input at the voltage comparison amplifier, be connected to a reference voltage, sawtooth voltage of another input termination (producing) by the RC oscillating circuit, when needs carry out pulse width control, have two kinds of methods to realize: a kind of is that reference voltage is constant, change the sawtooth wave frequency, it is slope, output from the voltage comparison amplifier just can obtain a widened pulse with frequency change like this, replace a variable resistor with an active device, just can change the frequency of RC oscillator, the normal voltage controlled oscillator that claims of people just, control voltage of voltage-controlled oscillator is exactly an error input signal.Another kind is that the sawtooth wave frequency is constant, and changes the amplitude of reference voltage, and is same, also can obtain the widened pulse output with voltage change from the output of voltage comparison amplifier, and this variable reference voltage is exactly an error input signal.Preceding a kind of control method is to transfer wide frequency modulation again, and a kind of the accent in back is wide, untuned, and what UC3842 adopted is a kind of modulator approach in back.
Among Figure 23,4 pin of UC3842 are saw-tooth wave generating circuits, and R8 and C9 are the elements of decision sawtooth waveforms time constant, and the numerical value that changes R8 or C9 just can change the sawtooth wave frequency; 2 pin are error signal inputs, change the dutycycle that input voltage just can change output waveform (square wave); 1 pin is an output compensating circuit (negative-feedback), generally is connected gain and the phase characteristic that resistance or electric capacity change error amplifier with 4 pin; 3 pin are current sampling inputs, are used for overcurrent protection; 6 pin are signal output, and 5 pin connect power supply ground, the output of 8 pin interior voltage-stabilized power supplies (5V).
The output waveform of separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply is good more a lot of than auto-excitation type, operating efficiency is also than the height of auto-excitation type, owing to the field effect transistor switch pipe that uses in the market, great majority all are parallel with a fly-wheel diode within it between the S-D of portion the two poles of the earth, this diode can add the effect that the elementary leakage inductance of violent change depressor and distribution capacity are formed oscillation circuit, so still necessary at diode D6 of field effect transistor switch pipe series connection.Principle and Figure 23 of Figure 21 holding circuit are basic identical, and principle and Figure 24 of Figure 22 holding circuit are basic identical, repeat no more here.
The key technical indexes of 2-1, separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply
Separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply (Figure 23 and Figure 24) the key technical indexes:
1, input voltage AC-120V (+-15%)
2, rated input power 100W
3, peak power output 85W
4, output voltage (adjustable):
First anode voltage: MIN:8000V, MAX:15000V
Second plate voltage: MIN:4000V, MAX:7500V
5, high voltagestability:
First anode voltage :+-500V (0-3mA)
Second plate voltage :+-200V (0-3mA)
6, high pressure regulation (input AC-120V+-15%):
First anode voltage :+-200V
Second plate voltage :+-100V
7, maximum output current:
First anode voltage 5mA (mean value)
Second plate voltage 5mA (mean value)
8, high-pressure and overflowing protection 0.5-1 start-up time second
9, high-pressure and overflowing protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
10, high-pressure and overflowing protection automatic recovery time 0.5-1 second (being only limited to Figure 23)
11, high voltage arc protects start-up time less than 0.5 second
12, high voltage arc protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
13, high ambient temperature is 45 ℃
14, the interior temperature rise of the highest machine is 25 ℃
15,35 ℃ of power supply switch tube maximum temperaturerises (shell)
16,30 ℃ of switching mode power supply transformer maximum temperaturerises (iron core)
Remarks: rated input power is meant when input power reaches this value, can measure these reference values of listing above, in use had better not surpass these numerical value.
3, AC-220V separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply
Two kinds of high-voltage switch power supplies introducing previously all can only use the AC-120V power supply, and the electric network source that China uses all is AC-220V, and are very inconvenient in the use, also need to join in addition the power transformer of a 220V/120V during use.In addition, country is also more and more higher to the requirement of domestic electric appliance power factor (PF), in order to improve power factor (PF), generally all in the line voltage input circuit, add one-level power factor (PF) circuit for rectifying, promptly between rectification output and energy storage filtering, increase the Switching Power Supply of one-level output DC-400V.At present the principal element that improves of restriction working voltage is the withstand voltage of power supply switch tube, as selects for use line scanning power output tube in the colour television set as power supply switch tube, just can address this problem substantially.The present line scanning power output tube that uses in the colour television set, withstand voltage between the C-E utmost point up to more than the 1500V, but its input impedance and current amplification factor and cut-off frequency are all very low, and this also needs special consideration.It is the high-voltage switch power supply schematic diagram of AC-220V that Figure 25 and Figure 26 are to use input voltage.
Among Figure 25 and Figure 26, V1 is high voltage bearing power supply switch tube, generally all is parallel with one tens ohm resistance between its inside B-E knot, to improve voltage endurance capability, so its input impedance is very low.In addition, withstand voltage in order to improve, the tube core base of switching tube is also thicker than the common tube, so current amplification factor and operating frequency are very low, current amplification factor has only about 5 times, therefore needs very big drive current could make it saturated.U1 is one 3 end (pin) or 8 ends (pin) Switching Power Supply integrated circuit (3 ends only draw among Figure 25 or Figure 26), here select T220 or KA5L series of products for use, it and transformer T2 form a simple switch power supply, utilize its power to export and drive another more powerful high-voltage switch power supply.The advantage of selecting T220 series for use is that circuit is simple, and the another one benefit is to compare with other drive circuit and also saved a high-power dropping resistor.The product type of T220 or KA5L series is very many, and the general work frequency is all fixed, and 100kHz is arranged and two kinds of kHz more than 60.Preferably the selection work frequency is low, need not have about 3W with the fin power output.The loss meeting of the high power supply switch tube of operating frequency is big, but the volume of transformer can suitably reduce.General T220 or KA5L series of products withstand voltage has only 650V, as the dutycycle of Switching Power Supply greater than 1/2 o'clock, it is withstand voltage or not high enough, therefore in its power supply current supply circuit, also need to add a dropping resistor, approximately step-down 50-100V could be complementary by basic and high withstand voltage power supply switch tube V1 like this.
High-pressure and overflowing holding circuit among Figure 25 and Figure 26, and the holding circuit principle of high voltage arc, short-circuit protection circuit principle and Figure 21 is basic identical, protection length recovery time is mainly decided by the size of D6 rectifier output voltage and C10 electric capacity.Increase guard time as needs, can utilize the function of relay J 1, cut off AC-220V input power supply, again the power reset switch is closed when needing to recover, use manual restoration with relay J 1.
Figure 26 place different with other circuit also has, and the high pressure output of Figure 26 is directly to boost by a high-tension transformer, and rectifying and wave-filtering output does not then resemble Figure 21,19,20,21,22 by the voltage-multiplying circuit output of boosting.The benefit of utilizing high-tension transformer directly to boost is: 1, Switching Power Supply works in anti-excitation formula fully, secondary load can reduce greatly to elementary influence, is not easy to produce shock oscillation, so can save as the damper diode D8 among Figure 25, both reduced cost, can also raise the efficiency; 2, by changing the tap of transformer secondary output coil windings, the proportionate relationship of first anode high pressure and second plate voltage is adjustable arbitrarily, guaranteeing under the situation that first anode voltage remains unchanged that like this second plate voltage can be realized flexible configuration according to the distance of cooking fume-collecting plate; 3, all high voltage devices all fit together with high-tension transformer, can reduce cost and improve reliability, also save 3 high voltage devices.
The key technical indexes of 3-1, AC-220V separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply
AC-220V separated exciting high-voltage switch power supply (Figure 25 and Figure 26) the key technical indexes:
1, input voltage AC-220V (+-15%)
2, rated input power 120W
3, peak power output 100W
4, output voltage (adjustable):
First anode voltage: MIN:8000V, MAX:18000V
Second plate voltage: MIN:4000V, MAX:9000V
5, high voltagestability:
First anode voltage :+-500V (0-3mA)
Second plate voltage :+-200V (0-3mA)
6, high pressure regulation (input AC-220V+-15%):
First anode voltage :+-200V
Second plate voltage :+-100V
7, maximum output current:
First anode voltage 5mA (mean value)
Second plate voltage 5mA (mean value)
8, high-pressure and overflowing protection 0.5-1 start-up time second
9, high-pressure and overflowing protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
10, high-pressure and overflowing is protected automatic recovery time 0.2-0.8 second
11, high voltage arc protects start-up time less than 0.5 second
12, high voltage arc protection maximum current 5mA (mean value)
13, high ambient temperature is 45 ℃
14, the interior temperature rise of the highest machine is 25 ℃
15,35 ℃ of power supply switch tube maximum temperaturerises (shell)
16,30 ℃ of switching mode power supply transformer maximum temperaturerises (iron core)
Remarks: rated input power is meant when input power reaches this value, can measure these reference values of listing above, in use had better not surpass these numerical value.Increase power output as needs, can select more powerful power supply switch tube for use and increase fin, and devices such as switching mode power supply transformer and commutation diode.
4, Switching Power Supply PFC power circuit for rectifying
General Switching Power Supply causes the current lead-through angle of flowing through rectification circuit all very little because the energy storage filter capacitor capacity of selecting for use is all very big, and promptly power factor (PF) is very low, has only about 0.4 to 0.5.The low consumer of power factor (PF) is harmful to the safety of mains supply system; it seems that the driven gear of a plurality of teeth that broken is rotating; it can make generator or power supply unit produce the peak power overload; cause overload protection or overcurrent to damage, and current impulse is disturbed to other electric equipment.In order to improve the power factor (PF) of Switching Power Supply, can in Figure 25 and Figure 26, increase a PFC power factor correction circuit, promptly between rectification output and energy storage filtering, increase the parallel boosted switch power supply of one-level output DC-400V.PFC power factor correction circuit theory as shown in figure 27, L2 is a boost inductance, V01 is a power supply switch tube, PWM is the Pulse Width Modulation Control With circuit, the phase place of its output pulse and width are subjected to 3 sample circuits (a, b, c) control, sample circuit a is the sampling of output current zero passage, and b is the sampling of power supply switch tube operating current, and c is the output voltage sampling.The power factor correction circuit of Figure 27 can be brought up to maximum to power factor and be about 0.98.Very the detailed operation principle does not prepare to do too much analysis here.
5, the design of switching mode power supply transformer parameter
The parameter designing of transformer is the emphasis of high-voltage switch power supply design, and transformer parameters designing mainly is weber the determining and the calculating of the transformer coil number of turn of capacity, the coil turn of transformer and weber capacity try to achieve by following formula:
N 1 = U C τ 10 8 S ( Bm - Br ) (8)
U in the formula Cτ is the weber capacity of transformer, and N1 is the number of turn of the primary coil winding of transformer; U CBe worker's voltage, unit is volt; τ is a switching tube conducting pulse width, and unit is second; S is a transformer magnetic core area, and unit is a square centimeter; Bm is a transformer magnetic core maximum magnetic flux induction density, and unit is Gauss; Br is the remanent magnetism of transformer magnetic core, and unit is Gauss.
Ideal situation is that Bm is the bigger the better, and remanent magnetism Br is the smaller the better, also have the magnetic permeability mu of magnetic core high more good more, and the loss of magnetic core is the smaller the better.The maximum magnetic flux induction density Bm of magnetic core is relevant with the material and the density of magnetic core, and the Bm value of homemade magnetic core is about about 5000 Gausses, and Br approximates 70% of Bm.Do not have the magnetic core permeability of air gap very high, the μ value is all more than several thousand, even near about 10,000, as long as but 0.01 millimeter air gap is arranged, magnetic permeability mu will drop to peaked part.
The loss of magnetic core mainly is eddy-current loss and magnetic hystersis loss.Eddy-current loss is relevant with the quality of material, and is also relevant with operating frequency, square being directly proportional of eddy-current loss and frequency.Magnetic hystersis loss is relevant with the area of hysteresis curve, and is also relevant with operating frequency, about be directly proportional with 1.6 powers of frequency (test value) of magnetic hystersis loss.Therefore the eddy-current loss of magnetic core and the raising that magnetic hystersis loss has limited the transformer operating frequency.It is comparatively suitable that the operating frequency of Switching Power Supply is selected between the 20-100kHz.Operating frequency is low excessively, and the one, volume of transformer is big, and the 2nd, people's ear can hear that the transformer magnetic core is because of the flexible noise that sends of magnetic hysteresis; Operating frequency is too high, and transformer eddy-current loss, magnetic hystersis loss and switching tube loss will be multiplied, and the efficient of Switching Power Supply will obviously descend.
The magnetic loop of transformer magnetic core must leave air gap, does not have the magnetic core of air gap, and when containing flip-flop in the electric current that flows through transformer, magnetic core is easy to saturated, makes the transformer can't operate as normal.Air gap stays greatly more, and it is more little that Br relatively just becomes, and magnetic core just is not easy saturated more, but the effective permeability of magnetic core can descend, and the inductance value of transformer coil also can reduce, and exciting current is increased, transformer efficiency reduces, when air gap during greater than 1 millimeter Br less than 10% of Bm.The magnetic core air gap stays too much, also can increase the leakage inductance of transformer coil, and the leakage inductance of transformer coil can produce counter electromotive force, is easy to a switching tube punch through damage.
The big more and magnetic core air gap of the weber capacity of transformer stays more greatly, and magnetic core just is not easy saturated more, so the weber capacity of transformer will leave enough surpluses.The weber capacity of transformer can be chosen according to the conducting saturation time of power supply switch tube, the high-voltage switch power supply that environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and flue dust electronic absorber use, for stability that improves output voltage and the turn ratio that reduces transformer primary and secondary coil, its dutycycle is selected more much greatly than the dutycycle of regular tap power supply, generally all about 0.5, be conducting with by just in time being half period, therefore according to the lowest operating frequency of Switching Power Supply just can calculating transformer the weber capacity.For example: the lowest operating frequency of Switching Power Supply is 20KHz, and then τ approximates 25 milliseconds, worker's voltage U CGenerally get 200V when input (AC-120V), or 350V (during the AC-220V input), desirable 4000 Gausses of Bm, desirable 500 Gausses of Br when air gap (leave enough).
The magnetic core air gap can be chosen according to the volume and the magnetic loop length of transformer and the direct current size that flows through coil, and the following small transformers air gap of 20W is generally got 0.1 to 0.5 millimeter, and the transformer air gap about 100W is generally got 0.5 to 0.8 millimeter.The size of transformer coil enamel-covered wire diameter decides according to flowing through its size of current, and general power taking current density is 2-3 ampere/mm sq, selects the multi cord coiling when diameter surpasses 0.5 millimeter for use.
After the number of primary turns of transformer was determined, all the other secondary coils just can recently be obtained according to voltage, but were noted that necessarily voltage output is positive energize or instead encourages when calculating transformation ratio, and the most handy peak value calculates during calculating voltage.When the switching tube conducting, transformer secondary output has power output to be called the positive energize formula; When switching tube ended, transformer secondary output had power output to be called anti-excitation formula.Positive energize formula transformer secondary output output voltage equals input voltage and multiply by the primary and secondary coil ratio, i.e. U2=U1 * n, and U1 is an input voltage, and U2 is an output voltage, and n is a transformation ratio; Anti-excitation formula transformer secondary output output voltage U 2=U1 * n * δ, δ is a dutycycle, also is occupation efficiency, and δ=τ/T, τ are the switching tube ON time, and T is the cycle.Have only when dutycycle equals 0.5, the anti-formula transformer secondary output output voltage that encourages just equates with positive energize formula transformer secondary output output voltage.
Self-activated switch power supply, requiring when the switching tube conducting has enough base drive electric currents to guarantee that the switching tube degree of depth is saturated, this electric current diminish on the contrary along with the switching tube ON time increases (to the electric capacity charging), under the situation of any input voltage, require its maximum greater than 100 milliamperes (by feedback voltage (positive energize) and current-limiting resistance decisions), general all is to consider under the highest situation of input voltage earlier, feedback voltage (anti-excitation) maximum can not surpass 8V, otherwise the B-E of switching tube knot will reverse breakdown, basis is in input voltage minimum situation and dutycycle then, the resistance of rice decision feedback voltage (positive energize) and current-limiting resistance, last according to the transformation number of turn of changes persuing depressor feedback coil N2 recently.
Be used to drive the control winding voltage (anti-excitation) of the P cock power supply of output among Figure 25 and Figure 26; can obtain higher than general Switching Power Supply, desirable 8V is to 12V, and capacitor C 10 also can be greatly; the 47-100 microfarad is so that prolong the perdurabgility of high pressure output overcurrent, sparking protection.
The calculating of high voltage step-up circuit output voltage can not be calculated by the method for multiplication of voltage principle, should calculate with the method for asking peak-to-peak value, and peak-to-peak value is always relevant with dutycycle, and the big more output voltage values that boosts of dutycycle is just high more.
6, the technological requirement of high-voltage switch power supply
Compare with the regular tap power supply, the secondary output voltage of high-voltage switch power supply transformer is very high, its peak-to-peak value with the close voltage output end of metal part of high insulation resistance bottle opener, just can be seen very strong spark phenomenon up to more than the 5000V outside 3 millimeters; With the core portion that the metal of high insulation resistance bottle opener partly bumps switching mode power supply transformer, can see sparking equally; The booster circuit output voltage is higher, and is close with the metal part of High-Voltage Insulation bottle opener, just begins sparking outside 5 millimeters.As seen, High-Voltage Insulation is a very important thing.
Between the primary and secondary coil of high-voltage switch power supply transformer, must be with the isolation of insulating of high insulation resistance adhesive tape more than 3 layers, coil must layering flat around, must isolate with high insulation resistance adhesive tape more than 1 layer between every layer, the anti-sparking space of 4 mm wides must be reserved in the two ends of coil, and will fill and lead up with the thickness high insulation resistance adhesive tape identical with the enamel-covered wire external diameter.Transformer outermost layer coil need be wrapped up with high insulation resistance adhesive tape more than 5 layers, the high pressure output of transformer secondary output winding, must be about 3.5 millimeters double hyer insulation high-voltage connection connection with overall diameter, directly draw, also need the pyrocondensation sebific duct of 4.5 millimeters of overcoat diameters in the time of use from the top of transformer coil skeleton.Transformer must also need at the transformer coil two ends at last with high insulation resistance epoxy resin coating dipping, and particularly seal with epoxide-resin glue or thermosol in the high-voltage connection exit.In the time of high voltage source work, in 10 millimeters the zone any metal object can not be arranged around transformer and the lead-in wire.
Figure 21,19,20,21,22 high voltage step-up circuit must be installed on the glass fibre pcb board of a high insulation resistance, and are placed in the box of making of the high insulation resistance material, carry out embedding curing with the high insulation resistance epoxide-resin glue then.In order to reduce cost and to improve heat dispersion, can be in epoxide-resin glue mix insulation and other good material of heat conductivility, as silica flour or high-frequency ceramic powder, and the pure fine sand grain in seashore.The high-frequency ceramic powder can select for use very bright ceramic apparatus (as the bowl tool) to batter down, pulverize, but the material that definitely can not be mixed with iron rust and so among.In addition, the performance to material also requires dielectric constant the smaller the better.To the check of material property quality, can add the hotwork test by household microwave oven, material is put in the micro-wave oven heated two minutes, if take out the material heating, illustrate that then this insulated with material and high frequency performance are bad, can not use.Select at last, also need repetition test to compare repeatedly among using circuit, could be relieved.
In batch process,, can not need to make etui in order to increase work efficiency and to reduce cost.Can make a lot of epoxy resin encapsulating dies, pcb board directly is arranged to embedding in the mould, treat the demoulding again after the epoxy resin adhesive curing.First high-voltage anode and the second high-voltage anode high-voltage connection must be selected for use withstand voltage more than 50,000 volts, and diameter is 5 to 8 millimeters a 22AWG high-voltage line.Figure 28 is the connection diagram of transformer and high voltage unit, and the component symbol of showing among the figure represents that these elements are installed in wherein.
The high-voltage output circuit of Figure 26 is structurally different with other circuit, and its high-voltage output circuit and high-tension transformer structurally are all one, and we are referred to as high voltage package, and its basic structure is the same with present used as television high voltage package production process with production technology.The optional structure with the television set high voltage package of small lot batch manufacture is reequiped, and a focus voltage potentiometer is arranged in the TV set high-voltage bag, and this position just in time is used for installing 5 resistance and two electric capacity in the high-voltage output circuit; During production in enormous quantities, design again according to new construction and production needs again.Figure 29 is the high voltage package structural representation that environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber and flue dust electronic absorber are used high-voltage output circuit, and the component symbol of showing among the figure represents that these elements are installed in wherein.
Environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber high-voltage switch power supply environment for use is abominable, and the temperature height pollutes easily and reduces insulating properties.Therefore, preferably entire circuit be installed in one not only sealed but also the environment of heat radiation easily among.Require sealing, and the best method of dispelling the heat easily again, epoxy resin embedding method used exactly.But epoxy resin Embedding Material general cost is all very high, in order to reduce cost, also can select other material for use, adds the pitch and the grains of sand etc. as silica gel.Method is, spreads one deck silica gel (also can use thermosol) respectively earlier on the conducting surface of circuit board and components and parts face, and the insulating properties and the heat conductivility of silica gel are very good, and character softness, reprocess easily, recharge one deck hot melt material in the outside of silica gel then, as mixtures such as the pitch and the grains of sand.The pitch heat conductivility is also fine, but insulating properties are poor, can not allow it directly contact with circuit with the high voltage components and parts.Also having pitch is combustible material, must be mixed together use with other fire proofing such as the grains of sand.As further consider and the electromagnetic interference problem of environmental protection electronics lampblack absorber high-voltage switch power supply can also on the outermost layer basis of packing material, repave one deck graphite material, utilize the electric conductivity of graphite to come alternating electromagnetic field is shielded and absorbs.

Claims (8)

1. a flue dust Electron absorption method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, smokeshade is introduced the high-voltage electrostatic field carry out ionization and charging, make smokeshade charged;
B, more above-mentioned charged smokeshade is produced directed deflection through the highfield effect, and collected by the negative electrode of flue dust collecting plate;
C, produce directed deflection with above-mentioned through the highfield effect again, the smokeshade of being collected by negative electrode reclaims.
2. one kind is exclusively used in and realizes the flue dust electronic absorber of flue dust Electron absorption method according to claim 1, and it comprises:
A, be used for smokeshade is carried out ionization, charging, make the charged high pressure ionization plate of smokeshade;
B, be used to produce highfield and be ionized the negative electrode that charged smokeshade deflects to above-mentioned flue dust collecting plate above-mentioned;
C, be used to reclaim the flue dust recovering tray of smokeshade;
D, be used for to the high pressure ionization plate and make charged smokeshade produce the high voltage source of the flue dust collecting plate power supply of deflection;
E, be used for smokeshade is sucked the air exhauster of flue dust electronic absorber.
3, a kind of flue dust electronic absorber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described high pressure ionization plate high pressure ionization plate of structure that has been a fence structure or lattice, it is the plate of a band high pressure positive electricity, and the plate of this fence structure or trellis band high pressure positive electricity is called first anode pole plate.
4. flue dust electronic absorber as claimed in claim 2, its feature also comprises, described flue dust collecting plate comprises the plate of at least one band high pressure positive electricity and the cathode plate of at least one ground connection, and mutually insulated between above-mentioned plate and the cathode plate, the plate of band high pressure positive electricity is called the second plate pole plate in this flue dust collecting plate.
5, a kind of flue dust electronic absorber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described high voltage source has two high-voltage anodes, the first anode is connected with the high pressure ionization plate of fence structure that is called first anode pole plate or trellis, and second plate is connected with the second plate pole plate of band high pressure positive electricity in the flue dust collecting plate.
6. flue dust electronic absorber as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that; described high voltage source is a switching regulator transformer booster power; comprise boost rectifying circuit; be used to control the optocoupler amplifier of high voltage source duty; the input signal of this optocoupler amplifier; one is from the high voltage source output voltage; error signal through sample resistance sampling back output; another input signal be from cross-over connection between high voltage source casing and the cold ground of transformer secondary output sample resistance and the signal at electric capacity two ends; as the high pressure output overcurrent; sparking; the sampled signal of short-circuit protection is used to control the logical and disconnected of high voltage source output voltage.
7. flue dust electronic absorber as claimed in claim 6, it is that insulating materials constitutes that the high voltage step-up circuit part that it is characterized in that above-mentioned high voltage source is arranged at a shell, and inner sealing of filling with one or more materials in epoxy resin, silica flour, thermosol material, the fire-retardant composite material is adorned in the box body.
8. one kind is adopted the electronics lampblack absorber of flue dust Electron absorption method manufacturing according to claim 1, it comprises an air exhauster that is used to suck oil smoke, an oil smoke inlet and a recovering tray that is used to reclaim oil smoke, it is characterized in that also comprising between the inlet of this electronics lampblack absorber and the recovering tray oil smoke high pressure ionization plate of a fence structure or trellis and one charged cooking fume-collecting plate, oil smoke is ionized through this oil smoke high pressure ionization plate, after the charging, highfield effect in the cooking fume-collecting plate again, make charged oil smoke produce directed deflection, and collected by the cooking fume-collecting plate, and be gathered into fluid and flow in the above-mentioned recovering tray, this electronics lampblack absorber comprises that also a high voltage source is used for to above-mentioned oil smoke high pressure ionization plate and the power supply of cooking fume-collecting plate.
CNB200410005125XA 2004-02-08 2004-02-08 Environmental protection electronic smoke exhaust ventilator and smoke electron absorption apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN100431711C (en)

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