CN100430332C - Thermal insulation material and its preparing process and usage - Google Patents
Thermal insulation material and its preparing process and usage Download PDFInfo
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- CN100430332C CN100430332C CNB2006101383571A CN200610138357A CN100430332C CN 100430332 C CN100430332 C CN 100430332C CN B2006101383571 A CNB2006101383571 A CN B2006101383571A CN 200610138357 A CN200610138357 A CN 200610138357A CN 100430332 C CN100430332 C CN 100430332C
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- insulating material
- heat preserving
- gypsum
- water
- plaster
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
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- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal insulating material which is prepared from the following raw materials: construction gypsum 75-79 parts, thickening agent 1.9-2.3 parts, rubber powder 1.7-2.0 parts, water-loss reducer 0.4-0.5 part, gypsum retarder 0.3-0.5 part, reinforcing agent 0.5-0.7 part, filler 16-19.5 parts, vitreous beads 49-51 parts through a step of blending.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat preserving and insulating material and its production and application.
Background technology
Now economizing on resources as fundamental state policy, importance of energy conservation has risen to the height of the strategy and the overall situation in China.The rhythm of energy conservation is also more and more faster.Building materials are important industries that China develops a circular economy.Many trade wastes all can be used as the alternative materials of producing building material product.The comprehensive utilization of trade waste is a kind of develop a circular economy, build resource-conserving, environmentally friendly building materials industry.By enlarging industrial solid castoff is used as the building materials industry alternative materials, greatly develops material, for the energy-conservation necessary basic substance that provides is provided with incubation and thermal insulation function.Greatly develop the building materials fabricated product simultaneously, change single starting material attribute, improve added value, advance the reduction of building resource and energy consumption with the optimization of product structure.
The development and use industrial residue reduces a large amount of land occupations of industrial residue, avoids causing secondary pollution, increases energy-saving building materials, and protection natural resource and environment meet the direction of china natural resources and environment sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention just are to provide a kind of heat preserving and insulating material and its production and application, it utilizes the compound glass bead of industry by-product gypsum, promptly kept gypsum inherent characteristic, increased heat insulating effect again, its uniformity is good, not yielding, the wood property shrinking percentage is little; Changed thoroughly that the lagging material side's of the losing phenomenon serious (reaching more than 20%), water-intake rate when slip mixes and stirs of using normal expanded perlite are big, thermal insulation layer be difficult for dry, easily cause heat bridge, energy scatter and disappear fast, intensity is low, heat insulation effect is poor, engineering surface easily produces defectives such as hollowing, cracking phenomena, work-ing life is long.Shortcomings such as it is poor simultaneously to have remedied the heat insulating granular polystyrene material fire resistance again, can produce obnoxious flavour and loss of properties on aging when meeting high temperature, and bounce-back property is big during construction have improved the over-all properties of dry powder insulation sizing material perfect.Shortcomings such as it is poor simultaneously to have remedied the heat insulating granular polystyrene material fire resistance again, can produce obnoxious flavour and loss of properties on aging when meeting high temperature, and bounce-back property is big during construction have improved the over-all properties of dry powder heat insulating material perfect.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of heat preserving and insulating material of the present invention, it is prepared from by following raw materials according:
Plaster of Paris: 75-79 part; Thickening material: 1.9-2.3 part; Rubber powder: 1.7-2.0 part; Water-holding agent: 0.4-0.5 part; Calcium sulphate retarder: 0.3-0.5 part; Toughener: 0.5-0.7 part; Filler: 16-19.5 part; Add glass bead in addition again: 49-51 part.
Preferably, heat preserving and insulating material of the present invention is prepared from by following raw materials according:
Plaster of Paris: 77 parts; Thickening material: 2 parts; Rubber powder: 1.7 parts; Water-holding agent: 0.4 part; Calcium sulphate retarder: 0.4 part; Toughener: 0.5 part; Filler: 18 parts; Treat to become after above-mentioned materials mixes 100 parts of sizing materials, admixture is gone into glass bead in addition again: 50 parts.
The used industry by-product gypsum of the present invention comprises following several:
1. phosphogypsum: phosphogypsum is the industrial residue of discharging from filter in the Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production, the about 4-6t of phosphogypsum that every production 1t phosphoric acid is discharged.Phosphogypsum all is not utilized mostly, also will take a large amount of soils and stack processing.Wherein fluorine and objectionable impurities such as residual phosphorus will leach along with rainwater behind the rainwater leaching, all can cause in various degree pollution to water quality environment, soil environment, atmospheric environment.Report the phosphogypsum of the annual discharging of China greatly about more than 2,500 ten thousand tons according to data.Phosphogypsum is carried out harmless treatment by means such as washing, neutralization, screening, grindings, behind calcined dehydration, be converted into half water phosphogypsum (phosphorus plaster of Paris just) again and can replace natural plaster of Paris, be used to produce building materials of gypsum.Simultaneously also be used for producing this gypsum insulation material.
2. desulfurated plaster: desulfurated plaster is that coal-fired flue-gas carries out that desulfurizing and purifying is handled and the industry by-product gypsum that obtains.It is the fine particle that is reacted and generated by levigate Wingdale and sulfur dioxide in flue gas, the high-content terra alba that water ratio is high (desulfurization dihydrate gypsum); The sulfurous gas topsoil is very serious to the influence of national economy, ecotope and people ' s health.From China's energy structure and energy demand Analysis on development, the pressure that following desulfurization reduces discharging is very big.The resource utilization of desulfurization by-product gypsum and comprehensive utilization will become the important development direction of desulfurization enterprise.China's desulfurized gesso of flue gas quantity discharged will reach more than 7,000,000 tons in 2010, desulfurated plaster and phosphogypsum amount kind industrial residue year discharge capacity will be more than 3,000 ten thousand tons, is plaster of Paris with so many industrial residue through resource conversion, fully utilize and produce building materials of gypsum and this lagging material, benefit the nation and the people, be more conducive to the descendants.
Plaster of Paris performance used in the present invention must reach: presetting period＞7min, final setting time＜40min.Two hours wet folding strength 〉=2.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 〉=5MPa.Product presetting period＞60min, final setting time＜7h,
The used light bone of lagging material of the present invention is glass bead, also claims bead.It is after rock sand by certain particle diameter reaches specified temp by heating, from interior to outside evenly expand and form inside and be complete porous honeycomb structure.The surface has that inorganic small-particulate materials, the quality of complete shell of certain intensity is light, thermal conductivity is little, and normal temperature is generally 0.038-0.045W/mk.Loose volume weight is 100-120kg/m
3High temperature resistantly do not fire, its fusing point be higher than 1450 ℃, indeformable, thermostability and weathering resistance outstanding.
Calcium sulphate retarder of the present invention adopts protein-based efficient compound calcium sulphate retarder, and is very little to the gypsum intensity effect, and retardant is nontoxic, harmless, and its use range is unrestricted.
Water-holding agent of the present invention adopts the Vltra tears water-holding agent, and good water-retaining property, instant, dispersed excellent has certain thickening effectiveness.
Thickening material of the present invention adopts inorganic mineral material, as wilkinite, kaolin.
Toughener of the present invention adopts wood fibre or has disperseed the PVA fiber all can.
Rubber powder of the present invention can improve the product cohesive force with 24-88 polyethylene and redispersable latex powder.
It is dry powder that filler of the present invention adopts inorganic materials.
Lagging material of the present invention adopts industrial by-product to build gypsum and the two excellent combinations of glass bead, has promptly kept gypsum inherent characteristic, has increased heat insulating effect again, and its uniformity is good, not yielding, the wood property shrinking percentage is little; Thoroughly changed the lagging material of using normal expanded perlite, the side's of losing phenomenon serious (reaching more than 20%) when slip mixes and stirs, water-intake rate is big, and thermal insulation layer is difficult for dry; Easily cause heat bridge, energy scatter and disappear fast, intensity is low, heat insulation effect is poor, engineering surface easily produces defectives such as hollowing, cracking phenomena, work-ing life is long.Shortcomings such as it is poor simultaneously to have remedied the heat insulating granular polystyrene material fire resistance again, can produce obnoxious flavour and loss of properties on aging when meeting high temperature, and bounce-back property is big during construction have improved the over-all properties of dry powder heat insulating material perfect.
Lagging material advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1. lagging material of the present invention has good workability, construction is simple, easy to operate, the slip aquation is abundant, cohesiveness good, can combine together with the insulation body of wall.
2. good engineering quality, intensity is arranged preferably and do not shrink, not hollowing, do not ftracture, odorlessness.
3. fast solidifying, thermal insulation layer has been smeared and just can have been carried out the construction of protective layer in back second day, shortens the construction period, increases work efficiency, speeds up the work.
4. its hydration rate does not obviously slow down because of climate temperature is lower, as long as just can construct under non-icing environment, gets final product early-strong-fast-hard; It is the preferred material of low temperature indoor construction.
5. its stable physical property begins to all finishing in the slip aquation, and the setting up period volume is constant substantially, so thermal insulation layer can not produce cracking because of contraction.
6. the thermal conductivity of gypsum hardenite own is generally about 0.28W/mk, its heat insulating ability 2 times of nearly common brick under the same thickness condition, and concrete 3 times, more excellent with the performance of heat protective material of glass bead preparation, thermal conductivity can reach 0.065W/mk.
7. the microvoid structure in the gypsum insulation body of wall helps thermal insulation layer self drying, thereby also can make porous wall inner water ratio after construction reduce, help the body of wall long-term stability.
8. the gypsum insulation hardenite has numerous small cellular-shaped structure of breathing hole, the function that can regulate indoor humidity is arranged, when indoor environment humidity is big, the automatic moisture absorption of ventilation breather, under opposite condition, can discharge storage moisture content again, circulation is controlled at indoor humidity in the corresponding scope dexterously so repeatedly.For the occupant has created good comfortable living environment.This is a gypsum hardenite monopolizing characteristic unique in material of construction.
9. the content of crystal water accounts for 20% of whole one's share of expenses for a joint undertaking amount in the gypsum hardenite, when running into fire, it at first is the free evaporation of water in the gypsum hardenite, the decomposition of crystal water besides, after two crystal water all decomposed, temperature could continue to raise on this basis, absorbed a large amount of heats in its decomposition course on the one hand, can produce a large amount of water vapour on the other hand, spreading of flame played a part obstruct.According to relevant test report, the decomposition rate of crystal water is the thick needs of every 6mm 15 minutes in the terra alba, the gypsum insulation layer thick with 36mm calculates, its resolving time needs more than the 1h, indoor wall is not damaged as yet during this period, can be the quality time of the escape win of personnel in the fire, reduced the harm loss of fire simultaneously buildings.
10. gypsum bead thermal insulation layer directly replaces the sand-cement slurry coat of plaster, does not account for the interior space, and construction costs can not paid again too much, just can obtain the good environment of and comfortable for living, can obtain not having hollowing again, flawless high-quality body of wall dignity.
The lagging material that the present invention utilizes the light bone of the compound glass bead of industry by-product gypsum to make not only can be used in exterior wall internal insulation, replenishes heat insulation system in the external wall outer insulation composite exterior wall, staircase, enclosed balcony insulation; The insulation filling of dry-hang stone etc., use the widest maximum should be internal partition wall, the two-sided insulation of party wall is according to Ministry of Construction's building energy conservation the ninth five-year plan and planning in 2010, covil construction to central heating are installed hotlist and relevant conditioning equipment, and by the work of showing meterage.Carried out with sheet in key cities in 2005, finished hotlist substantially to the family, meterage in 2010.Party wall heat insulating work from now on launches in a large number, the several times that the two-sided heat-insulation and heat-preservation area of party wall is the external wall outer insulation area.Utilize that this material does that the party wall heat-insulation and heat-preservation is that price is minimum, best results, construction are the fastest, energy-conserving and environment-protective, not hollowing, indehiscent excellent materials, are the another approach that industry by-product gypsum is turned waste into wealth.
The present invention discloses a kind of method for preparing described heat preserving and insulating material; earlier plaster of Paris 75-79 part is dropped into mixing machine; dropping into calcium sulphate retarder 0.3-0.5 part again stirs; drop into thickening material 1.9-2.3 part, rubber powder 1.7-2 part, water-holding agent 0.4-0.5 part more respectively after waiting to build gypsum and calcium sulphate retarder and stirring; toughener 0.5-0.7 part; the continuation of filler 16-19.5 part stirs; treating becomes sizing material after added all materials all mix; add glass bead 49-51 part in addition again, stir 6-8min.
The invention also discloses a kind of using method of heat preserving and insulating material, described heat preserving and insulating material mixing water amount is the 90-110% of heat preserving and insulating material weight, does ultimate compression strength＞1.6MPa with the test specimen that 70.7mm * 70.7mm * 70.7mm three joint-trials are molded; Dry density＜330kg/m
3, thermal conductivity＜0.068.Presetting period＞60min, final setting time＜7h.
The present invention utilizes the compound glass bead of industry by-product gypsum, has promptly kept gypsum inherent characteristic, has increased heat insulating effect again, and its uniformity is good, not yielding, the wood property shrinking percentage is little; Changed thoroughly that the lagging material side's of the losing phenomenon serious (reaching more than 20%), water-intake rate when slip mixes and stirs of using normal expanded perlite are big, thermal insulation layer be difficult for dry, easily cause heat bridge, energy scatter and disappear fast, intensity is low, heat insulation effect is poor, engineering surface easily produces defectives such as hollowing, cracking phenomena, work-ing life is long.Shortcomings such as it is poor simultaneously to have remedied the heat insulating granular polystyrene material fire resistance again, can produce obnoxious flavour and loss of properties on aging when meeting high temperature, and bounce-back property is big during construction have improved the over-all properties of dry powder insulation sizing material perfect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With 77 parts of input mixing machines of plaster of Paris, drop into calcium sulphate retarder again and stir for 0.4 part earlier, described plaster of Paris is the phosphogypsum or the desulfurated plaster of industry by-product gypsum, and the gypsum performance satisfies: presetting period＞7min, final setting time＜40min; Two hours wet folding strength 〉=2.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 〉=5MPa.Described calcium sulphate retarder is protein-based efficient compound calcium sulphate retarder.
Drop into 2 parts of thickening material wilkinites more respectively after waiting to build gypsum and calcium sulphate retarder and stirring, 1.7 parts of rubber powders, 0.4 part of water-holding agent, 0.5 part of toughener, filler continue for 18 parts to stir, and described water-holding agent is the Vltra tears water-holding agent.Described toughener is wood fibre or has disperseed the PVA fiber.Described rubber powder is a redispersable latex powder.Described filler is a dry powder.
Treat to add 50 parts of glass beads in addition again after added all materials all mix, stir 6-8min.
After mixing, above all material can produce 6m
3About gypsum vitrified micro-bead heat preserving sizing material finished product.Its mixing water amount can reach 1.6MPa with the molded test specimen of 70.7mm * 70.7mm * 70.7mm three joint-trials, dried ultimate compression strength about 100%; Dry density＜330kg/m
3, thermal conductivity＜0.068.Product presetting period＞70min, final setting time＜8h.
Embodiment 2
Earlier with 79 parts of input mixing machines of plaster of Paris; dropping into calcium sulphate retarder again stirs for 0.5 part; wait to build and drop into 1.9 parts of thickening material wilkinites again after gypsum and calcium sulphate retarder stir; 1.7 parts of rubber powders, 0.4 part of water-holding agent; 0.5 part of toughener, filler continue for 16 parts to stir, and treating becomes sizing material after added all materials all mix; add 49 parts of glass beads in addition again, stir 6-8min.
Wherein: described plaster of Paris is the phosphogypsum or the desulfurated plaster of industry by-product gypsum, and the gypsum performance satisfies: presetting period＞7min, final setting time＜40min; Two hours wet folding strength 〉=2.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 〉=5MPa.Described calcium sulphate retarder is protein-based efficient compound calcium sulphate retarder.Described water-holding agent is the Vltra tears water-holding agent.Described toughener is wood fibre or has disperseed the PVA fiber.Described rubber powder is a redispersable latex powder, and described filler is a dry powder.
Embodiment 3
Earlier with 75 parts of input mixing machines of plaster of Paris; dropping into calcium sulphate retarder again stirs for 0.4 part; wait to build and drop into 1.9 parts of thickening material wilkinites, 2 parts of rubber powders, 0.5 part of water-holding agent after gypsum and calcium sulphate retarder stir again; 0.7 part of toughener; filler continues for 19.5 parts to stir; after treating that added all materials all mix, add 50 parts of glass beads in addition again, stir 6-8min.
Wherein: described plaster of Paris is the phosphogypsum or the desulfurated plaster of industry by-product gypsum, and the gypsum performance satisfies: presetting period＞7min, final setting time＜40min; Two hours wet folding strength 〉=2.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 〉=5MPa.Described calcium sulphate retarder is protein-based efficient compound calcium sulphate retarder.Described water-holding agent is the Vltra tears water-holding agent.Described toughener is wood fibre or has disperseed the PVA fiber.Described rubber powder is a redispersable latex powder, and described filler is a dry powder.
Embodiment 4 construction application
(1) preparation of construction
1 material
1.1 gypsum bead insulation sizing material
The technical feature that is used for the gypsum vitrified micro-bead heat preserving sizing material of wall plastering the relevant technologies index of the building enclosure heat transfer coefficient of outer wall regulation in reaching national sector standard JGJ134-2001, also should meet tabulation 1 performance index down:
Table 1 gypsum bead insulation sizing material technical feature
| Project name | Unit | Technical indicator | Project name | Unit | Technical indicator |
| Tap density | kg/m 3 | ＜260 | Water retention | ％ | ≥60 |
| Dry volume density | kg/m 3 | ＜330 | Thermal conductivity | W/m·k | ＜0.065 |
| Operable time | min | ＞60 | Ultimate compression strength | MPa | ＞1.6 |
1.2 bottom layer brushing gypsum, surface layer brushing gypsum
Be used for the thermal insulation mortar surface, play protection and facing effect, technical performance index sees Table 2.
Table 2 brushing gypsum technical feature
1.3 bonding gypsum: bonding gypsum is used for the interface processing of base material and thermal insulation layer, and technical indicator sees Table 3.
Table 3 bonding gypsum technical feature
1.4 glass fiber reticular cloth
Mesh size is 4mm * 4mm, and the plastic-coated amount is not less than that 20g/m2, weight per unit area are not less than 160g/m2, warp-wise broadwise tension breaking load is not less than 1250N/50mm.
1.5 water (clean water)
2 instruments
2.1 broom
2.2 putty knife
2.3 steel plate (preferably stainless steel) trowel
2.4 negative and positive angle trowel
2.5 (360mm * 120mm), a kind of plate face is pasted the felt about thick 5-10mm to two kinds of plastics trowels; A kind of is that the plate face is pasted the rigid urethane foam about thick 10mm;
2.6450mm plastics about * 200mm * 200mm or wooden hawk
2.72-3m long aluminium alloy floating rule (H type floating rule)
2.82-3m wooden guiding ruler and line hang down (cable inlet bracket);
2.9 cover with paint or varnish or spread pen;
2.10 atomizer (agricultural portable or other);
2.11 mix ash with iron plate or plastic plate or rubber plate with mix ash bucket (groove);
2.12 mix ash torch agitator and spade;
2.13 middle rib (with plastic plate self-control, wide 30mm, the long and short bar that differs);
2.14 rubber plate (about thick 2mm, wide 60mm, length decide on construction surface.Be laid on and plaster undergroundly before the wall, be used for collecting and land ash.Having constructed as flooring finishes, and also can not establish this plate);
2.15 frame plate and support
3 operating conditions
3.1 having constructed, main construction or building roof finish, and through relevant department's structure acceptance(check);
3.2 basic unit's walling is as using gas concrete, and its water ratio is necessary＜and 5%;
3.3 water power or other various pipelines (comprising concealed piping, Wire casing boxes, fire hydrant box, switch box etc.) must install, and block up and manage hole (comprising the scaffolding hole);
3.4 sash also should install, but need hide protection, in order to avoid pollute when plastering and damage; After should plastering, installs again bar;
3.5 the reserved opening of all kinds of region of interest should be carried out interim shutoff, and be made sign;
Finish 3.6 other has been constructed, and need the position of protection to carry out appropriate covering;
3.7 all raw material must pass through acceptance(check).
(2) construction technology
1 construction process
The moistening metope of cleaning basic unit, the side's of looking for floating screed, preparation bonding gypsum slip, thin layer is smeared bonding gypsum; preparation insulation slip is smeared thermal insulation layer, levelling; get the floating screed bar, repair smooth examination, the rendering coat of system protective layer; muscle is also smeared protective layer, and levelling is got the floating screed bar and repaired smooth; be pressed into glass fiber net, system surface layer mortar, float coat mortar; floating, skirt is smeared in press polish, checks and accepts.
2 base treatment
2.1 to should conscientiously picking flat or mend flat with mortar in the uneven position on basic unit wall surface; To some steel bar ends that exposes, must destroy, and cover fracture, in order to avoid occur rust staining herein with sand-cement slurry; Must remove totally (greasy dirt can be used the solution removal of washing powder, oxalic acid or alkali and clean with scour without sediment motion) to dirts such as mortar residue, paint, separants.
2.2 plaster the day before yesterday, with atomizer to basic unit's metope evenly water spray make that it is moistening (as being the gas concrete metope, very slow, need the compartment of terrain to spray 3-4 time repeatedly, guarantee that its degree of depth that absorbs water reaches 5mm) because of its absorption speed., dry weather too high as basic unit's overdrying or temperature, it is moistening to spray water before plastering the same day again, but when beginning to plaster, metope can not have open fire.
2.3 different body of wall base materials are (as gas concrete; Beams of concrete, post; Brick etc.) junction should be pasted the glass screen cloth with bonding gypsum earlier, and lap width should be not less than 80 from the both sides, joint.
2.4 the smooth surface of cast-in-place concrete wall or beam, post should be smeared one deck bonding gypsum slip earlier, must not holiday, and smear layer should not get final product about too thick 1-2mm, to increase cohesive strength.
3 working procedures
3.1 floating screed: according to the requirement of metope Base Smoothness and coat of plaster thickness, find out rule earlier, paste the floating screed bar as the mark muscle with bonding gypsum.Floor height 3m establishes twice slogan banner muscle when following, increase the mark muscle when floor height 3m is above again one.
3.2 provided underground rubber plate (as doing concrete floor, also can not spread rubber plate, but must clean up) before the wall, the ash that lands that the process of plastering is fallen down is regained the continuation use.
3.3 preparation slip: press the serviceable time of gypsum bead insulating product, determine each stir the slip amount (must use up before initial set, use does not allow to add successively water, for agglomerative mortar must not add again water stir use).Quantitative gypsum bead lagging material is poured on grey iron plate (the fodder ash amount hour of mixing, as the surface layer brushing gypsum, available agitation vat or groove, this moment should add water earlier, after add gypsum, and stir) on, add suitable quantity of water, gypsum bead insulation sizing material is more responsive to the more medium-sized brushing gypsum of amount of water, thereby the water yield is crossed conference and the plaster intensity of operation, reduction coat of plaster of sagging influence occurred, the too small meeting of the water yield adds quick setting, shorten the serviceable time causes waste, also influences heat insulation effect simultaneously.Therefore as having ready conditions, the most handy mortar consistency tester is tested denseness at the scene and is correctly controlled the water yield.The awl of general mortar consistency tester is gone into the degree of depth and is controlled at 70-80mm and is advisable), mix thoroughly in 3-5min with spade, standby.Generally after leaving standstill about 3-5min, stir the use of to plaster once more.Restir before the brushing gypsum slip that protection and finish coat are used is stand-by.
3.4 smear thermal insulation layer: human hawk charge slurry, from left to right, from top to bottom slip is applied on the wall with trowel with the angle of inclination of 30-40 degree and (plasters at twice, the first pass maximum ga(u)ge of plastering is no more than 10mm, treat to smear again after the initial set next all over) until reaching floating screed thickness.Another people (also can same people, decide on quantities) is close to upper and lower floating screed bar face by scraping off unnecessary slip from left to right with H type scraper plate subsequently, fills insufficient section simultaneously.But this operation is repeated multiple times before the slip initial set, and cooperates guiding ruler and the vertical adjustment at any time of line, until wall surface levelling.Take down the floating screed bar and mend flat.
3.5 the insulation slip is pushed firmly in the operation of plastering should appropriateness, should guarantee the bonding with basic unit's metope, can not influence the heat insulation effect of coat of plaster again.The surface of plastering of thermal insulation layer need not press polish.
3.6 thermal insulation layer is checked and accepted: smeared thermal insulation layer and tested, should reach vertical, smooth, negative and positive angle Founder, straight and design thickness, allly do not met the metope requirement of stipulating in the table 4, should repair with testing tool.
3.7 smear protective layer: carry out the protective layer brushing gypsum after the final set of thermal insulation layer mortar and plaster, gimmick is the same, but need be pressed into the layer of glass fiber screen cloth on the surface of bed of mortar, the screen cloth tight paving of will laterally jumping.Cross about 60min float coat brushing gypsum after slip final set approximately, press polish when treating surface layer type brushing gypsum near final set.Be available trowel (can select different trowels for use by different facing requirements) as trowels such as steel, plastics.Slip sclerosis in burnishing process, when the gypsum burr occurring, available spread pen or hairbrush dip in water, toward the press polish while brush of slip surface layer, or dip in the water cooperation, the pressure while rub with the hands with the porous plastics trowel.Avoid when noting press polish smearing a position repeated multiple times pressure, intensity reduces, surface picking in order to avoid make as far as possible; The inner corner trim place that is connected with other different substrate materials is pressed into one deck two at surface layer
3.8 smear the corner protector at cement skirting (plate), door and window mouth, windowsill and external corner place etc. by operational procedure.When door-window opening is wanted the making cement corner protector, should earlier the cement corner protector be carried out, treat to smear gypsum bead insulation material and brushing gypsum again after maintenance, the drying, paste the glass screen cloth simultaneously in the junction, avoid cracking at two kinds of storerooms.
3.9, stick on layer of glass fiber screen cloth bar at the external corner place in order to improve the cracking resistance collision performance at door and window mouth external corner position.Also need with 45 degree oblique shop 400mm * 200mm glass screen cloths at four jiaos of places of door-window opening.Concentrate and be prone to fissured common fault to overcome herein stress.
3.10 protective layer is checked and accepted: smeared protective layer, checked smooth, vertical regulating YIN and YANG angle Founder, should not repair for meeting the metope that requires in the table 4.
(3) quality acceptance standard
1 plastering engineering quality grade should meet existing industry standard " building decoration engineering construction and acceptance specification " relevant regulations (JGJ73-91).
2 insulation layer thicknesses and structure way will meet the energy-saving design in construction requirement.
3 thermal insulation layer plastering qualities remove should must not be had outside the defectives such as hollowing, efflorescence, crack in conjunction with firmly with basic unit, and permissible variation should meet the regulation of table 4.
Plaster surfacing, line angle of 4 protective layers is directly suitable, clear, and the corner meets the construction regulation, and it is smooth to connect batch flat surface, between sash and body of wall the slit filling closely knit, the metope permissible variation should meet the regulation of table 4.
Table 4 exterior wall internal insulation plastering quality permissible variation
Notice that insulation layer thickness does not allow negative deviation
Notice that insulation layer thickness does not allow negative deviation
(4) finished product protection
1 not before the setting and harden, should block the door and window mouth at the brushing gypsum coat of plaster as much as possible, and avoiding ventilating makes its gypsum lose the water of enough aquations.But after the brushing gypsum setting and harden, just should keep the well-ventilated, make it dry as early as possible, reach working strength.
2 coats of plaster must not collide with; Can not be subjected to hammering and scratch.
3 forbid to pedal and step on windowsill, prevent to damage corner angle.
4 do not allow water to wash away (comprise by the door and window mouth and drench into rainwater), should avoid ground that ponding is arranged yet and influence the drying of coat of plaster.
5 faces of newly plastering a wall do not allow by the thermal source direct baking greater than 60 ℃.
(5) precaution
1 grasps the time of coagulation of every batch of gypsum bead lagging material and brushing gypsum, and the plaster amount of mixing and stirring of slip of correct control causes waste in order to avoid gypsum can not use after condensing.
2 for making the admixture in insulation sizing material and the brushing gypsum be able to abundant dissolving, must guarantee the time of repose of slip preparation process, avoid wall after, not exclusively make coat of plaster quality problems such as bubble, hollowing occur because of admixture dissolves.
3 note having condensed or will never can having re-used by the agglomerative slip, forbid constantly to add water to extend working time in the slip use.Therefore must be in the process of plastering at any time landing ash withdrawal use, in order to avoid waste.
The envrionment temperatures of 4 constructions are not less than 0 ℃, and must slip do not freeze and the non-icing situation in the moistening back of metope under construct.
5 material therefors should prevent to make moist in transportation and storage process, as finding a small amount of caking phenomenon are arranged, and can sieve block is removed; As lump big and amount many, should stop using.
6 mix the container and the tool using of system slip, after each the use, all should wash, in order to avoid when the slip of next time prepares, have the gypsum hardened granules of bulk to sneak into, influence operation and effect.
Present technique comprises that simultaneously natural construction gypsum mixes vitrified microsphere insulating material and utilisation technology thereof again.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and other any identical with the present invention or akin products that anyone draws under enlightenment of the present invention all drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of heat preserving and insulating material is characterized in that described heat preserving and insulating material is prepared from by following raw materials according:
Plaster of Paris: 75-79 part; Thickening material: 1.9-2.3 part; Rubber powder: 1.7-2.0 part; Water-holding agent: 0.4-0.5 part; Calcium sulphate retarder: 0.3-0.5 part; Toughener: 0.5-0.7 part; Filler: add glass bead after 16-19.5 part mixes again in addition: 49-51 part.
2, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat preserving and insulating material is prepared from by following raw materials according:
Plaster of Paris: 77 parts; Thickening material: 2 parts; Rubber powder: 1.7 parts; Water-holding agent: 0.4 part; Calcium sulphate retarder: 0.4 part; Toughener: 0.5 part; Filler: 18 parts add glass bead after mixing again in addition: 50 parts become heat preserving and insulating material after mixing and stirring.
3, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described plaster of Paris is the phosphogypsum or the desulfurated plaster of industry by-product gypsum, and the gypsum performance should satisfy: presetting period＞7min, final setting time＜40min; Two hours wet folding strength 〉=2.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 〉=5MPa.
4, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described calcium sulphate retarder is protein-based efficient compound calcium sulphate retarder.
5, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described water-holding agent is a Vltra tears.
6, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described thickening material is wilkinite, kaolin.
7, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described toughener is wood fibre or has disperseed the PVA fiber.
8, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described rubber powder is a redispersable latex powder.
9, heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described filler is a dry powder.
10, the method for preparation heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: earlier plaster of Paris 75-79 part is dropped into mixing machine; dropping into calcium sulphate retarder 0.3-0.5 part again stirs; drop into thickening material 1.9-2.3 part, rubber powder 1.7-2 part, water-holding agent 0.3-0.5 part more respectively after waiting to build gypsum and calcium sulphate retarder and stirring; toughener 0.5-0.7 part; the continuation of filler 16-19.5 part stirs; after treating that added all materials all mix; add glass bead 49-51 part in addition again, stir 6-8min.
11, a kind of using method of heat preserving and insulating material as claimed in claim 1, its feature as for: described heat preserving and insulating material mixing water amount is the 90-110% of heat preserving and insulating material weight, does ultimate compression strength with the molded test specimen of 70.7mm * 70.7mm * 70.7mm three joint-trials to be＞1.6Mpa; Dry density＜330kg/m3, thermal conductivity＜0.068; The product presetting period is 60min, final setting time＜7h.
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| CN100465127C (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-03-04 | 赵云龙 | Wall heat-insulating rubber powder material and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN102503316B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-07-17 | 郑州非凡节能科技有限公司 | Compound heat-insulating plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103319124B (en) * | 2012-03-18 | 2016-09-28 | 王荣 | A kind of building heat preservation dry powder and mortar |
| CN104230221A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-24 | 宿州市汇利新型建材有限责任公司 | Insulated fiber concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN104402383B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-05-18 | 贵州省工业固体废弃物综合利用（建材）工程技术研究中心 | Thermal-insulating pre-agitating mortar of a kind of gypsum preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN105523743B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-09-12 | 焦作市强耐建材有限公司 | A kind of nano whisker excites heat-insulation layer brushing gypsum and preparation method thereof |
| CN105967616A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-09-28 | 蚌埠华东石膏有限公司 | Insulation building gypsum powder with impact resistance and long life and preparation method thereof |
| CN107484276A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | A kind of cast copper electric heater |
| CN108658564A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-16 | 合肥谦尧建筑装饰工程有限公司 | A kind of external wall compound insulating material and its preparation process |
| CN110451907B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州中能高新材料有限公司 | Processing method of fireproof light gypsum mortar |
| CN112552719A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 鲁米科技(山东)有限公司 | Concrete surface fireproof heat-preservation gypsum-based fireproof coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1657476A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-08-24 | 上海大学 | Flyash dry powdered concrete interface treatment agent and its preparation method |
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Assignee: Xuzhou Zhongsen Tonghao New Board Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhao Yunlong Contract record no.: 2011320001049 Denomination of invention: Thermal insulation material and its preparing process and usage Granted publication date: 20081105 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20070516 Record date: 20110721 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130822 Address after: 050000, Jinsha Road 6, Shijiazhuang economic and Technological Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, Gaocheng Patentee after: Hebei LVJOE Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. Address before: Taiyuan City, Shanxi province Jinci 030025 dry treatment building No. 7 hospital Patentee before: Zhao Yunlong |
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Assignee: Xuzhou Zhongsen Tonghao New Board Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhao Yunlong Contract record no.: 2011320001049 Date of cancellation: 20151207 |
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