CN100417269C - Method for switvhing wave packet of intelligent antenna - Google Patents
Method for switvhing wave packet of intelligent antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN100417269C CN100417269C CNB031151108A CN03115110A CN100417269C CN 100417269 C CN100417269 C CN 100417269C CN B031151108 A CNB031151108 A CN B031151108A CN 03115110 A CN03115110 A CN 03115110A CN 100417269 C CN100417269 C CN 100417269C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for switching wave beams of an intelligent antenna, which belongs to a mobile communication field, and the present invention in particular relates to a method which uses ideas of soft switching for the switching of wave beams of an intelligent antenna. Compared with the prior art, because three thresholds such as pilot frequency detection, pilot frequency comparison, pilot frequency loss, etc. are added, the intensity of a pilot frequency signal must be satisfied with a certain switching criterion rather than simply switched to a wave beam with a strongest signal when users are switched among wave beams. Therefore, a 'ping-pong effect' problem can be avoided in the process of wave beam switching, and loads controlled by a system are decreased. Furthermore, because, the wave beams are selected to be processed and results of the selection are combined when a plurality of wave beams are satisfied with a condition, the multidiameter information of a user signal is fully used, and the performance of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent antenna beam changing method, belong to field of mobile communication.Particularly relate to a kind of intelligent antenna beam changing method of having used for reference soft handoff idea.
Background technology
Smart antenna mainly contains dual mode: fully adaptive mode and based on the wave beam switching mode of switched-beam.Wherein the wave beam switching mode is that covering is cut apart by some wave beams that calculate in advance in full spatial domain (various possible incidence angle); each wave beam of organizing the weights correspondence has different main lobes to point to; usually have between the main lobe of adjacent beams that some are overlapping, the main task during reception is to select one as mode of operation.Compare with traditional directional cell,, make the average carrier/interface ratio of system increase owing to cover by a plurality of narrow beams in the same scope.For example, 120 degree sectors are covered by 4 narrow beams that 4 array elements produce, and the interference signal amount that each narrow beam receives is 1/4 of former broad beam reception, and then the average carrier/interface ratio of system increases 6dB.This gain makes up (mobile phone-base station) of communication channel and descending (base station-mobile phone) all be improved.
In the switched-beam antenna, wave beam is fixed, and the user moves, and this just requires system constantly to search for, select the work wave beam and carry out wave beam to switch.Present beam switching method is to select and switch to a wave beam that comprises peak signal from several predefined fixed beams.But when the intersection of close two wave beams of travelling carriage need switch, two wave beams are all more weak and fluctuations arranged in the signal strength signal intensity at this place, this can cause travelling carriage to require repeatedly to switch between two wave beams, promptly take place " ping-pong ", thereby repeatedly come and go and transmit handover information, the load of system's control is increased the weight of.And, have a more than wave beam sometimes and comprise peak signal because signal exists angle to scatter.Both do not made full use of signal message if only select a wave beam to handle this moment, and be easy to generation " ping-pong ".
At present, also do not retrieve the correlation technique patent and the data document of basic this type of problem of solution.This problem also exists in switch the sub-district.When travelling carriage is mobile between different districts, the problem that exists the sub-district to switch equally.Two kinds of changing methods of direct-cut operation and soft handover are arranged at present.In direct-cut operation, the user only can keep communicating by letter of Traffic Channel with a base station constantly at each.Whether for soft handover, switching is a selection with good conditionsi.In a period of transition, the user keeps communicating by letter of Traffic Channel with all candidate base station.When one of them signal of base station recently when other signal of base station intensity is big a lot, can only determine that finally the base station communicates therewith.Soft handover is the exclusive switching mode of CDMA Cellular System, can improve the reliability of switching effectively, and when travelling carriage was in the edge of sub-district, soft handover can provide the diversity of forward traffic channel and reverse traffic channel, thereby guarantees the quality of communication.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problem that solves " ping-pong " in the present intelligent antenna beam handoff procedure and fail to make full use of user's multipath information, and propose a kind of intelligent antenna beam changing method of having used for reference soft handoff idea.
Core concept of the present invention is to propose a kind of beam switching method of using for reference soft handoff idea.This method makes that when the user was switched, its pilot signal strength must satisfy certain switching criterion between wave beam, rather than simply switches to that the strongest wave beam of signal.Can avoid " ping-pong " of appearance in the wave beam switching like this, reduce system burden.If there are a plurality of wave beams to satisfy switching condition simultaneously, then all to handle these a plurality of beam signals, again the result is merged in a certain way.Can make full use of the multipath information of subscriber signal like this.
Method of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of intelligent antenna beam changing method based on soft handoff idea comprises the steps:
Step 1: the intensity of constantly following the tracks of pilot signal in each wave beam;
Step 2: with itself and wave beam handoff parameter is that various threshold value compares and selects the wave beam that satisfies condition;
Step 3:, then use this wave beam processing signals if only selected a wave beam; If selected plural wave beam, then use selected wave beam processing signals respectively, and result is merged.
Wave beam handoff parameter in the described step 2 comprises pilot detection threshold, pilot tone comparison threshold, pilot tone drop-thresholds according to actual conditions and network planning configuration.
The representative value scope of described pilot detection threshold is-31.5～0dB.
The representative value scope of described pilot tone comparison threshold is 0～3.75dB.
The representative value scope of described pilot tone drop-thresholds is-31.5～0dB.
Described step 2 further comprises:
Pilot signal strength in each wave beam and pilot tone drop-thresholds are compared;
If certain pilot signal strength is less than the pilot tone drop-thresholds, do not consider this wave beam when then wave beam switches, unless later on the pilot signal strength of this wave beam greater than the pilot tone drop-thresholds;
If the pilot signal strength of all wave beams then stops to handle this subscriber signal all less than the pilot tone drop-thresholds.
Described step 2 further comprises:
When the pilot signal strength of certain wave beam surpasses pilot detection threshold, and its difference with the pilot signal strength of current wave beam is satisfied during greater than the pilot tone comparison threshold, selects this wave beam.
Described step 2 also further comprises:
If there is the pilot signal strength of two above wave beams to surpass pilot detection threshold simultaneously, and when the difference of the pilot signal strength of itself and current wave beam all satisfies greater than the pilot tone comparison threshold, then choose the wave beam that all satisfy condition simultaneously, otherwise keep former current wave beam, do not switch.
Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, three thresholdings such as lose owing to increased pilot detection, pilot tone comparison and pilot tone, just can switch satisfying under the certain condition, as long as rather than have stronger wave beam just to switch, therefore can avoid " ping-pong " problem in the wave beam handoff procedure, reduce the load of system's control.And owing to when a plurality of wave beams satisfy condition, selected a plurality of wave beams to handle, and the result is merged, therefore made full use of the multipath information of subscriber signal, improved systematic function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the handoff threshold schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a method flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the present of invention schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Intelligent antenna beam changing method based on soft handoff idea of the present invention comprises the steps:
Step 1: the intensity E that constantly follows the tracks of pilot signal in each wave beam
p(i), i=1, Λ, n;
Step 2: with itself and wave beam handoff parameter is that various threshold value compares and selects the wave beam that satisfies condition;
This step can comprise the following steps: again
1, disposes the wave beam handoff parameter according to the actual conditions and the network planning, comprise pilot detection threshold (BT_ADD), pilot tone comparison threshold (BT_COMP), pilot tone drop-thresholds (BT_DROP);
2, with the pilot signal strength E in each wave beam
p(i) compare with BT_DROP, if certain E
p(i), do not consider this wave beam when then wave beam switches, unless the E of this wave beam later on less than BT_DROP
p(i)＞BT_DROP; If the E of all wave beams
p(i), then stop to handle this subscriber signal all less than BT_DROP;
3, as the pilot signal strength E of wave beam k
p(k) surpass BT_ADD, and the pilot signal strength E of itself and current wave beam m
p(m) difference satisfies E
p(k)-E
p(m)＞during BT_COMP, select wave beam k;
4, if having two above wave beams to satisfy condition 3 simultaneously, then choose the wave beam that all satisfy condition simultaneously; If there is not wave beam to satisfy condition 3, then keep primary beam, do not switch.
Step 3:, then use this wave beam processing signals if only selected a wave beam; If selected plural wave beam, then use selected wave beam processing signals respectively, and result is merged.
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the enforcement of accompanying drawing technical scheme:
Fig. 1 is the handoff threshold schematic diagram.When travelling carriage moves, probably from a riding to another wave beam, so the continuous monitor signal quality of antenna system so that when decision should select a certain or some wave beam is automaticallyed switch by system in a sector, participates in and need not base station controller (RNC).Should be taken into account that when selecting wave beam travelling carriage is when several wave beam shuttle, antenna system can not be chosen top-quality wave beam simply according to the quality of monitor signal, and should take certain beam switching method and rational handoff parameter is set, reduce the wave beam switching times, avoid " ping-pong ", reach compromise that switching times and signal to noise ratio improve.The wave beam handoff parameter that wherein relates to has wave beam detection threshold (BT_ADD), wave beam drop-thresholds (BT_DROP) and wave beam comparison threshold (BT_COMP), and these thresholdings need dispose according to the actual conditions and the network planning.
1) wave beam detection threshold (BT_ADD): this thresholding report pilot channel has enough power and is used for correlation demodulation.When the pilot frequency intensity of a wave beam surpassed this thresholding, this wave beam can be classified candidate's wave beam as.BT_ADD can influence the switching percentage, and it should hang down as far as possible, thereby can switch rapidly; Enough high again simultaneously, thus can avoid because the false alarm that noise causes.Its representative value scope is-31.5～0dB.
2) wave beam drop-thresholds (BT_DROP): the power of this thresholding report pilot channel has been reduced to and can't have used them to carry out the level of correlation demodulation.When the pilot frequency intensity of a wave beam was lower than this thresholding, this wave beam was deleted from candidate's wave beam.
Percentage is switched in the BT_DROP influence.It should be enough low, thereby avoid losing the good wave beam of short decline; It is enough high again simultaneously, thereby is unlikely to delete soon useful wave beam.The value of BT_DROP should be selected after the value that has thought over BT_ADD again, and the surplus between two thresholdings has been avoided owing to pilot frequency intensity changes the ping-pong that produces.This thresholding representative value scope is-31.5～0dB.
3) wave beam comparison threshold (BT_COMP): when having only difference when the pilot frequency intensity of the pilot frequency intensity of candidate's wave beam and current effective wave beam, just carry out wave beam and switch greater than this thresholding.Similar with BT_ADD, BT_COMP also has certain influence to switching percentage.Its value will be hanged down as far as possible on the one hand, thereby can switch quickly; It is enough high again on the other hand, thereby avoids false alarm.Its representative value scope is 0～3.75dB.
Curve among Fig. 1 is the pilot frequency intensity E of current effective wave beam m
p(m) the pilot frequency intensity E of curve and i wave beam over time
p(i) curve over time.Work as E
pDuring (i) greater than BT_ADD, this wave beam is listed candidate's wave beam in.Work as E
p(i) with the pilot frequency intensity E of current effective wave beam m
p(m) difference satisfies E
p(i)-E
p(m)＞during BT_COMP, this wave beam is listed effective wave beam in, and it is handled.Work as E
p(i) reduce gradually, and when having other wave beam to satisfy switching condition, switch to other wave beam.If there is not other wave beam to satisfy switching condition, then work as E
pWhen (i) being decreased to, stop this user is handled less than BT_DROP.
Fig. 2 is a method flow diagram of the present invention.The thought of the soft handover of similar CDMA is introduced beam selection, switch " ping-pong " for fear of wave beam, the angle spread of considering the user simultaneously might be bigger, can in several adjacent beams, have, therefore when two above wave beams satisfy the wave beam switching condition, choose the wave beam that all satisfy condition, respectively a plurality of wave beams are handled, and the result is merged.Method set forth in the present invention can realize as follows:
Detect the intensity E of pilot signal among each wave beam i earlier
p(i) (102), this value are the energy of each chip and the ratio of total received power, can obtain in the process of searcher search for pilot signals.Dispose wave beam handoff parameter (103) according to the actual conditions and the network planning then, comprise pilot detection threshold (BT_ADD), pilot tone comparison threshold (BT_COMP), pilot tone drop-thresholds (BT_DROP).Because some position in the sub-district can only receive more weak pilot signal, then need lower handoff threshold, and other position can receive stronger pilot signal, then need higher handoff parameter.With the pilot signal strength E in each wave beam
p(i) compare with BT_DROP, only consider E
p(i) greater than the wave beam of BT_DROP.If there is not wave beam to satisfy condition, then stop processing (104) to this subscriber signal.Because when the pilot frequency intensity of a wave beam is lower than thresholding BT_DROP, the power of its pilot channel has been reduced to and can't have used them to carry out the level of correlation demodulation, so disregard for this wave beam.As the pilot signal strength E that has wave beam k
p(k) surpass BT_ADD, and the pilot frequency intensity E of itself and current effective wave beam m
p(m) difference satisfies E
p(k)-E
p(m)＞during BT_COMP, choosing all wave beam k that satisfy condition is effective wave beam, if current a plurality of effective wave beams, the then E of existing simultaneously
p(m) be wherein the strongest pilot frequency intensity; When not having wave beam to satisfy this condition, do not switch (105).Be provided with two conditions here about thresholding BT_ADD and BT_COMP, these two conditions have guaranteed to have only when the pilot frequency intensity of Lay wave beam during relatively stablely greater than the certain amount of the pilot frequency intensity of current effective wave beam, just switch, as long as rather than have stronger wave beam just to switch, can avoid like this between the close wave beam of two intensity, frequently switching, promptly avoid ping-pong.If exist a plurality of wave beams to satisfy switching condition simultaneously, illustrate that subscriber signal is all very strong in these a plurality of wave beams, selecting these a plurality of wave beams simultaneously is effective wave beam, can make full use of the multipath information of subscriber signal.At last, if only selected a wave beam, then use this wave beam processing signals; If selected plural wave beam, then use selected wave beam processing signals respectively, and result is merged (106).
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the present of invention schematic diagrames.Wherein figure (a) expression is the sector that covers with 4 narrow beams one 120.As user during, can need to carry out wave beam and switch in the motion of the intersection of two wave beams.Solid line is the pilot frequency intensity E of current effective wave beam m among the figure (b)
p(m) time dependent curve.Dotted line is the pilot frequency intensity E of adjacent beams k
p(k) time dependent curve.Set BT_DROP=-13dB, BT_ADD=-15dB, BT_COMP=1.25dB.As can be seen, in the time shown in the figure, two interior pilot frequency intensities of wave beam all have fluctuations, at A, B, C three E of place
p(k) all greater than E
p(m), and at D, E, F three E of place
p(m) all greater than E
p(k),, then will carry out 5 wave beams and switch, and can produce ping-pong undoubtedly, increase the weight of system burden if be switching condition simply to select the strongest wave beam of pilot signal.If the beam switching method that adopts the present invention to propose is then at the A place, because E
p(k)＜BT_ADD, so do not switch; At the B place because E
p(k)-E
p(m)＜BT_COMP, so do not switch yet; At the C place, owing to satisfy E simultaneously
p(k)＞BT_ADD and E
p(k)-E
p(m)＞and two conditions of BT_COMP, so effectively wave beam switches to wave beam k by wave beam m, promptly in the time, only carried out a wave beam and switched in diagram, avoided ping-pong, reduced system burden.
Claims (5)
1. an intelligent antenna beam changing method comprises the steps:
Step 1: the intensity of constantly following the tracks of pilot signal in each wave beam;
Step 2: with itself and wave beam handoff parameter is that various threshold value compares and selects the wave beam that satisfies condition, described wave beam handoff parameter comprises pilot detection threshold and pilot tone comparison threshold, when the pilot signal strength of certain wave beam surpasses pilot detection threshold, and when the difference of the pilot signal strength of itself and current wave beam satisfies greater than the pilot tone comparison threshold, select this wave beam, if there is the pilot signal strength of two above wave beams to surpass pilot detection threshold simultaneously, and when the difference of the pilot signal strength of itself and current wave beam all satisfies greater than the pilot tone comparison threshold, then choose the wave beam that all satisfy condition simultaneously, otherwise keep former current wave beam, do not switch;
Step 3:, then use this wave beam processing signals if only selected a wave beam; If selected plural wave beam, then use selected wave beam processing signals respectively, and result is merged.
2. intelligent antenna beam changing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the wave beam handoff parameter in the described step 2 also comprises the pilot tone drop-thresholds according to actual conditions and network planning configuration, and described step 2 also comprises:
With the pilot signal strength in each wave beam and pilot tone drop-thresholds relatively, if certain pilot signal strength less than the pilot tone drop-thresholds, is not considered this wave beam when then wave beam switches, unless later on the pilot signal strength of this wave beam greater than the pilot tone drop-thresholds;
If the pilot signal strength of all wave beams then stops the process user signal all less than the pilot tone drop-thresholds.
3. intelligent antenna beam changing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the representative value scope of described pilot detection threshold is-31.5～0dB.
4. intelligent antenna beam changing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the representative value scope that it is characterized in that described pilot tone comparison threshold is 0～3.75dB.
5. intelligent antenna beam changing method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the representative value scope of described pilot tone drop-thresholds is-31.5～0dB.
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