CN100414246C - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器 Download PDF

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CN100414246C
CN100414246C CNB038178842A CN03817884A CN100414246C CN 100414246 C CN100414246 C CN 100414246C CN B038178842 A CNB038178842 A CN B038178842A CN 03817884 A CN03817884 A CN 03817884A CN 100414246 C CN100414246 C CN 100414246C
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CN1672008A (zh
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新长秀孝
市川晋
斋藤真树
青山忠道
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T Rad Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1653—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
    • F28D7/1661—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0043—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开一种使加热用的高温气体在多个管道内流通的带壳体的热交换器，其中，在顺利吸收热应力的同时，为了提供被加热流体或加热流体在各管道外面均匀地流通，而把多个扁平管道的两端接合在圆板状的一对管道板上的同时，残留出扁平管道群的两端部，在其外周覆盖剖面方形的内筒，在该内筒的两端配置一对挡板。把一对挡板安装在具有能热膨胀的波形曲折部的圆筒状外筒上，在一对挡板与各管道板间设置被加热流体或加热流体的出入口。

Description

热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及在燃料电池用变换器等中使用的高温用热交换器。
背景技术
以氢和氧作为燃料的燃料电池是把其氢在高温用热交换器，即变换器中生成的。是该变换器把甲醇等碳氢化合物与水蒸气引导向催化剂中，并通过从外部加热而生成的。
作为这种变换器用热交换器，在日本特开2002-80203中被公开。其是把并列的多个扁平管道的两端气密地连接在方形的管道板上而形成芯部，把一对该管道板间用剖面方形的壳体连接。在壳体长度方向一端部外周和另一端部外周上分别设置变换原料的入口和变换气体的出口，在管道板的外周上配置燃烧用气体的入口罐和出口罐。在壳体与管道板间配置剖面方形的折皱状筒体，缓和在管道与壳体间产生的热应力。
但剖面方形的折皱状热应力缓和装置，由于其剖面形状是方形的，所以有在轴线方向上顺利伸缩难的缺点。而且其在制作上也不容易。仅把壳体形成圆筒状，则不能使被加热流体的流通在芯部各部均匀地进行。
因此本发明者把解决该技术问题作为课题。
发明内容
本发明的第1方面记载的热交换器，其中，包括：芯部4，其是由在内部和外部的一侧有加热流体1流通的同时，在另一侧有被加热流体2流通的多个并列的扁平管道3的集合体构成；管道板5，其是一对圆板状，把各个扁平管道3的两端连接在其管道插孔中；内筒6，其剖面是方形，除了两管道板5的近旁外，把所述芯部4的外周覆盖；第一挡板7，其具有圆形的外周，与一侧的管道板5相对地安装在所述内筒6的一端部外周上；圆筒状的外筒10，其外周上具有在轴线方向上能热膨胀的波形曲折部9，其一端连接在该第一挡板7上，另一端连接在设置在另一侧的外周是圆形的第二挡板8上或另一个管道板5上；分别把加热流体1或被加热流体2的导入口13和导出口14连接在所述一对管道板5上，与所述另一侧的管道板5相对，且在所述内筒6的另一端部外周上安装外周是圆形的第二挡板8的方形内周，使其能在内筒6的轴线方向上稍微地自由移动，所述外筒10的另一端连接固定在该第二挡板8的外周上，在所述内筒6一端部外周上，第一挡板7的方形内周被固定安装在外筒10上，在各个管道板5和与其相对的第一挡板7、第二挡板8处，具有两端被连接固定的圆筒状第一罐本体15和第二罐本体16，在第一罐本体(15)和第二罐本体(16)设置被加热流体(2)或加热流体(1)的出口(11)和入口(12)。
本发明的热交换器由以上结构构成，其具有以下的效果。即至少一个的第一挡板7安装在内筒6的一端部外周上，在内筒6的两端与管道板5间设置被加热流体或加热流体的出口11、入口12，外筒10是圆筒状的，内筒6是剖面方形的，其把芯部4的外周覆盖。通过该第一挡板7能把被加热流体2或加热流体1可靠地向内筒6引导而在各部能进行均匀地热交换。即能防止被加热流体2或加热流体1在内筒6与第一挡板7的空间流通。
外筒10形成圆筒状，且其外周上设置有能热膨胀的波形曲折部9，所以制造容易且伴随其热膨胀的伸缩容易，耐久性高。
是把第二挡板8的方形内周安装在内筒6上的同时，能对其内筒6在轴线方向稍微地自由移动的结构，能把芯部4的伸缩通过波形曲折部9更有效地吸收。这样就能得到耐久性高的热交换器。
附图说明
图1是本发明热交换器的立体图；
图2是该热交换器的分解说明图，是局部剖面图；
图3是该热交换器的纵剖面图；
图4是图3的IV-IV向视剖面图；
图5是表示本发明其他实施例的热交换器的纵剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图说明本发明的实施例。
图1是本发明热交换器的立体图，图2是其分解说明图，图3是图1的纵剖面图，图4是图3的IV-IV向视剖面图。
该热交换器，把在内部具有内散热片17的多个扁平管道3并列的同时，在各扁平管道3间配置担持催化剂的外散热片18，由其集合体构成芯部4。各个扁平管道3的两端气密地连接在一对圆板状管道板5的管道插孔中。
芯部4的外周除了管道板5的近旁外，被剖面是方形的内筒6覆盖。该内筒6中，如图2所示，由位于其两侧的一对侧面材料(里侧被遮挡)，以及位于上下的一对板形成，各个侧面材料的长度如图2所示，形成得比扁平管道3的长度短，上下的各个板的长度形成得与扁平管道3是同一长度。其结果是，扁平管道3的集合体的两端部在内筒6两端的两侧部露出来。然后外筒10通过一对第一挡板7和第二挡板8安装在内筒6的外周上。外筒10形成为圆筒状，在其一端部具有能在轴线方向上热膨胀的的波形曲折部9。
如图2所示，第一挡板7把一对对开的板7a、7b在内筒6的侧面材料端部的位置，从其两侧把コ字状开口部插入，使一对对开的板7a、7b的前端之间接触，把它们进行接触的接缝、以及コ字状开口部与内筒6的接触部之间，如图3那样气密地焊接固定。而且第一挡板7的外周与外筒10一端边缘的全周气密地焊接固定。
第二挡板8与第一挡板7同样地由一分为二的部件构成，其外周气密地焊接固定在外筒10的另一端。但在其矩形内周与内筒6的外周之间，如图3所示，形成有微小的间隙，该部分是非焊接部20。
第一挡板7以及第二挡板8的外周，和与它们相对的管道板5的外周气密地焊接固定在一对圆筒状的第一罐15、第二罐16的两端部上。如图1所示，出口11和入口12开口在第一罐15和第二罐16上。本例在该开口上突出设置了一对管子，其连通在各罐的内部。在一对管道板5的外周，其轴线方向外侧安装有前端细的筒状导入口13和导出口14，其前端连接有未图示的燃烧气体的管道。
这种结构的热交换器中，把燃烧气体，即加热流体1引导向导入口13，在各个扁平管道3内从右向左流通，其并从导出口14流出。
然后，如图1把由水蒸气与碳氢化合物的混合体构成的被加热流体2从入口12向第二罐16内导入，其从内筒6的侧面部件左端与管道板5间流入到内筒6内，在扁平管道3的外周和外散热片18内从左向右流通。在第一挡板7和与其相对的管道板5间的第一罐15内流出，其并通过出口11而被引导到外部。在加热流体1与被加热流体2间进行热交换，被加热流体2通过外散热片18担持的催化剂而成为变换气体，被引导向燃料电池的发电部。
这时在各个扁平管道3内由于有高温的加热流体1流通，所以各扁平管道3热膨胀。于是靠近外筒10的加热流体1出口的波形曲折部9伸展。这时，由于在第二挡板8与内筒6间有非焊接部20，所以外筒10能通过波形曲折部9而顺利地热膨胀。
之所以把该波形曲折部9设置在加热流体1的出口附近，是由于尽可能地使加热流体1的影响不波及到波形曲折部9的缘故。
由于第一挡板7与内筒6间通过焊接部19而被气密地焊接结合，所以能把从入口12流入的被加热流体2可靠地向内筒6内的各部均匀地引导，而不在内筒6与外筒10的空间流通。
如图3，该热交换器是具有一对第一挡板7和第二挡板8，但代替它也可以省略第二挡板8。这时外筒10与第二罐16成为一体。
在图1～图4的实施例中，是在扁平管道3内使高温的加热流体1流通，而在扁平管道3的外侧使被加热流体2流通，但也可以把两流体反过来。即如图5，使被加热流体2在扁平管道3内从左向右流通，而使加热流体1在扁平管道3的外侧从右向左流通，这样在两流体间也能进行热交换。这时，加热流体1从右侧的入口12流入，而从左侧的出口11流出。

Claims (1)

1. 一种热交换器，包括：
芯部(4)，其是由在内部和外部的一侧有加热流体(1)流通的同时，在另一侧有被加热流体(2)流通的多个并列的扁平管道(3)的集合体构成；
管道板(5)，其是一对圆板状，把各个扁平管道(3)的两端连接在其管道插孔中；
内筒(6)，其剖面是方形，除了两管道板(5)的近旁外，把所述芯部(4)的外周覆盖；
第一挡板(7)，其具有圆形的外周，与一侧的管道板(5)相对地安装在所述内筒(6)的一端部外周上；
圆筒状的外筒(10)，其外周具有在轴线方向上能热膨胀的波形曲折部(9)，其一端连接在该第一挡板(7)上，另一端连接在设置在另一侧的外周是圆形的第二挡板(8)上或另一个管道板(5)上；
分别把加热流体(1)或被加热流体(2)的导入口(13)和导出口(14)连接在所述一对管道板(5)上，其特征在于，
与所述另一侧的管道板(5)相对，且在所述内筒(6)的另一端部外周上安装外周是圆形的第二挡板(8)的方形内周，使其能在内筒(6)的轴线方向上稍微地自由移动，
所述外筒(10)的另一端连接固定在该第二挡板(8)的外周上，在所述内筒(6)一端部外周上，第一挡板(7)的方形内周被固定安装在外筒(10)上，
在各个管道板(5)和与其相对的第一挡板(7)、第二挡板(8)处，具有两端被连接固定的圆筒状第一罐本体(15)和第二罐本体(16)，
在第一罐本体(15)和第二罐本体(16)设置被加热流体(2)或加热流体(1)的出口(11)和入口(12)。
CNB038178842A 2002-07-25 2003-07-23 热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN100414246C (zh)

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JP217202/2002 2002-07-25
JP2002217202A JP4151001B2 (ja) 2002-07-25 2002-07-25 熱交換器

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CN100414246C true CN100414246C (zh) 2008-08-27

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CA (1) CA2493468C (zh)
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DE60329693D1 (de) 2009-11-26

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