CN100406165C - Continuous casting installation for the electromagnetic rotation of molten metal moving inside the nozzle - Google Patents

Continuous casting installation for the electromagnetic rotation of molten metal moving inside the nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100406165C
CN100406165C CNB2004800172286A CN200480017228A CN100406165C CN 100406165 C CN100406165 C CN 100406165C CN B2004800172286 A CNB2004800172286 A CN B2004800172286A CN 200480017228 A CN200480017228 A CN 200480017228A CN 100406165 C CN100406165 C CN 100406165C
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China
Prior art keywords
nozzle
inductor
continuous casting
magnetic field
casting apparatus
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CN1809435A (en
Inventor
让-玛丽·加尔平
杰勒德·佩林
马克·安德休伯
罗伯特·博尔卡托
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USINOR SA
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USINOR SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/62Pouring-nozzles with stirring or vibrating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/02Use of electric or magnetic effects
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/08Induction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous casting installation for metals, particularly steel, in which the submerged nozzle is surrounded by an annular electromagnetic inductor with a magnetic field that rotates around the casting axis, which is intended to drive the molten metal in axial rotation therewith. The invention is characterised in that the aforementioned inductor is of the polyphase type with a magnetic field passing therethrough and is equipped with a pair of projecting poles per phase. Moreover, the end of each projecting pole opposite the nozzle is provided with a lateral narrowing which increases the distance separating the polar ends. In this way, the inductor is extremely compact and very powerful and can deliver an intense traversing field into the central part of the nozzle, using a high-frequency primary current, such as to produce the effective rotation of the molten metal moving therein. The invention is particularly suitable for the continuous casting of slabs, using a submerged nozzle with lateral outlets.

Description

Can make the continuous casting apparatus of the motlten metal electromagnetism rotation of moving in the nozzle
Technical field
The present invention relates to the particularly continuous casting of steel of metal, it adopts and immerses the immersion casting nozzle be arranged in the mould under it, more specifically, the present invention relates to flow through the causing of axial rotation of the liquid metal of this nozzle between tundish and mould.
Background technology
The known distribution that is present in field trash in the liquid metal and bubble by change before liquid metal enters mould causes the metal axial rotation that is in the casting nozzle, the recommend method that flows that is control in the mould.By this way, energy:
-reduce or even eliminate field trash along the precipitation of nozzle inner walls with have at nozzle under the situation of the horizontal outlet that is used for slab casting, reduce or even eliminate field trash in these outlets and the precipitation in the bottom at described nozzle;
-reduce field trash and the length of penetration of bubble in casting process in the liquid well of product greatly, sunk into danger on the curved inner surface of the product of casting on the casting machine of bending thereby also reduce them;
-reduce the flowing velocity and the fluctuation in described meniscus level of the liquid metal under the meniscus; With
-by having the flow instability that mobile " gyro " effect of nozzle is limited the injection swing type in the mould.
Like this, cause that in casting nozzle the rotation of flowing seemingly prevents the effective ways that sand holes occur on automobile steel of using and the cold-strip of packing with the steel grade and peel off the visible surface flaw of type being used for, thereby, this technology means crackle reparation less on continuous casting plate blank operation (reduce or even eliminate peel off the type surface blemish on the band), degradation or the lawsuit of elimination under sand holes type flaw situation, and mean owing to having longer hang and higher casting speed makes the productivity ratio of casting machine increase.
Proposed to cause the rotation of the liquid metal in the casting nozzle, basically, can distinguish two types actuator, be i.e. " passive " actuator and " initiatively " actuator with various types of actuators.
Passively activated device especially uses some modification (as helix) in nozzle inner walls design, be installed in the parts in the actual bodies of nozzle, as propeller, helical form inner nozzle or the like, with the nozzle top of tundish junction in modification (for example, quickening taper) or other being used in physical unit the modification of controlling the nozzle metal flow.The major defect of the type actuator is that the rotary speed that produces directly depends on the flow of the metal by nozzle and preferentially forms the position that field trash is piled up in the nozzle, therefore increased the possibility of the danger that nozzle gets clogged.
Active actuator is electromagnetic property basically---the static annular electro magnetic inductor of heterogeneous type closely also produces around the magnetic field of cast axis rotation around nozzle on the part of nozzle length, and this magnetic field is used for making the liquid metal that is present in the nozzle to experience axial rotation with it.If desired, the reader will find the example of describing in document JP 06023498, JP07108355 or JP07148561.
Yet up to the present the calutron of Ti Chuing is largely based on the technology of linear motor stator, and linear motor stator produces with low frequency or even low-down frequency (<10Hz) the tangential rotating field of work.Particularly, these devices have following shortcoming:
-because used power frequency produces usually low-down rotary speed to obtain required effect (for example, for the 4Hz three-phase current of the nozzle inside diameter that can be used for 80mm, the theoretical maximum rotary speed is 80rpm);
-in liquid metal, near nozzle inner walls, produce the field of force of a high concentration, consequently in the middle body of nozzle, produce the zone that pressure greatly reduces, thereby metal is quickened vertically downward there; With
-must be under the situation of high electric current (>300-500A) work, this causes device size very big so that can make their coolings, thereby is not easy to be installed on the continuous casting machine and also needs to use very expensive generator.
Other device is based on and crosses magnetic field, thereby based on the coiling salient pole, described coiling salient pole has each the mutually a pair of pair of electrodes that faces with each other in the nozzle-axis both sides.The present invention falls into this kind, and they have avoided some aforesaid drawbacks, and particularly central authorities reduce the phenomenon of pressure.Yet, particularly since with too close different corresponding electrodes of power supply between the danger of false bridge joint of magnetic flux, to a certain degree possible simultaneously chaotic in rotatablely moving with metal, limited space related with essential high store electricity power and required air gap reduce in fact to cause inevitably together lower energy efficiency, wherein in order to make electromagnetic coupled maximization, by reducing to be projected into producing air gap to projecting inward utmost point tooth and the distance between the nozzle and reduce outside winding and the nozzle.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose the solution that a kind of electromagnetic ground causes the liquid metal rotation in casting nozzle, but the present invention does not have the shortcoming of known solution.
For this purpose, theme of the present invention is a kind of continuous casting of metal device, wherein said inductor is around immersion nozzle, pass through immersion nozzle, motlten metal to be cast arrives mould from the tundish that is arranged in the mould top, described inductor has around the rotation of cast axis and is used for forcing motlten metal with its magnetic field that axially rotates, this inductor is the heterogeneous magnetic field type of crossing, each is provided with pair of electrodes mutually this inductor, its each electrode forms by being wound on the electric winding that encloses to projecting inward utmost point tooth rim, end in the face of the nozzle setting and near in the pole-face of nozzle to projecting inward utmost point tooth, the periphery yoke of flux circuit closure is linked together utmost point tooth, in described continuous casting of metal device, each utmost point tooth has horizontal tapering in the end of the protuberance that it highlights from electric winding, and this horizontal tapering has increased the distance that pole-face is separated from each other.
According to favourable embodiment, ring sensor forms half housing that can pivot of two connections, makes them can be closed around the nozzle.
As understanding far and away, the present invention adopts what is called " to cross " magnetic field, promptly passes the field of nozzle-axis, and its intensity does not obviously reduce between the edge of nozzle and central authorities.
Because the technical foundation that adopts, promptly under the situation of each phase pair of electrodes of the power supply of annular polyphase induction device supply capability, the rotating excitation field that produces is required " crossing " type, and wherein annular polyphase induction utensil has the coiling salient pole that is distributed in around the nozzle.In other words, in any moment, the cast axis is all in the central authorities of the air gap of inductor, and since pass the cast axis so as from regulation magnetic pole binding site again relative with it but not this of the opposite in sign by its to magnetic pole, so the magnetic field that produces is very flourishing in this air gap, has distributed electrode or each has several to electrode mutually as inductor.
Should remember, the technology of the type itself is not novel, it in addition quite be widely used for not in nozzle but in mould itself, causing the rotation of casting liquid metal, thereby just (promptly with the rotor that is rotated, the liquid metal post) has the apparent diameter bigger, with needs relative much smaller angular rotational velocity (for example seeing USP4462458) than the apparent diameter of the metal flow in the nozzle.Now, opposite with the idea of generally acknowledging, if " crossing " characteristic in the magnetic field that produces or " cross " characteristic under any circumstance basically and kept, then needn't relate under the sizable situation about reducing of plant capacity, proof is transferred to casting nozzle with this technology from mould can cause reducing of inductor size, the reducing and be installed to inductor around the casting nozzle and as close as possible casting nozzle contradiction not of this inductor size, thus under the situation that does not weaken its essential cooling, so do.
This has formed the idea on basis of the present invention just, promptly owing to bear the small loss of magnetic mass that the selected element that is positioned on the salient pole is the edge of working face, so although inductor is very compact and air gap reaches minimum, but what also can be kept magnetic field under the situation of not damaging the inductor performance should " crossing " characteristic, so as offset magnetic field by at the loopback between the immediate adjacent electrode each other and in air gap along the natural tendency of minimum reluctance propagated.
The test that steel is carried out confirmed the casting condition that meets with than the industrial machine that is used for casting steel billet or slab abominable under the casting condition of Duo, this inductor causes the ability that the metal that flows rotates in immersion nozzle.In fact under the situation of linear pattern nozzle (single axial outlet), finish these tests at the bottom split shed, metal flows through the linear pattern nozzle with about average speed of 3.5 to 4.2m/s, remember, be used for the nozzle of block, average output speed is through being everlasting between 1.5 to 2.0m/s.
Description of drawings
From following property example as an illustration and the explanation that provides with reference to the accompanying drawings, will under any circumstance be expressly understood that more the present invention, aspect that the present invention is other and advantage will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the figure that sees on cross section, the inductor that expression is formed by two half housings that are docking together, and inductor has its inner thermal insulation barriers that meets the boundary with air gap;
Fig. 2 is the figure similar to Fig. 1, but be used for representing when in the work at inductor when the moment of any regulation fixes, cross the propagation of the magnetic line of force in air gap in magnetic field;
Fig. 3 is a fundamental diagram, forms the principle how half housing connects for two of the expression inductor;
Fig. 4 is illustrated in the hodograph of liquid metal in the cross section of nozzle that rotates under the effect in magnetic field in casting nozzle;
Fig. 5 be illustrated in be arranged in that half plane of highly locating of inductor obtains in the variation of air gap along the magnetic induction density B of nozzle diameter D; With
Fig. 6 and the image of Fig. 5 be illustrated among the radial section R accordingly and in straight radial section OR along the corresponding variation of the field of the magnetic force FB of nozzle diameter D.
The specific embodiment
In these figure, components identical is represented by same mark.
Can see that inductor 1 is a linear motor stator of self crowding around referring to figs. 1 to 3, it comprises two 2a of halfpipe portion and 2b (half housing) that independently equate for this purpose.Each half housing has three coiling salient poles 3, and the pole-face 4 of coiling salient pole 3 turns to the inboard, and these magnetic poles of being made by some folded soft iron laminations are linked together by halfpipe yoke 5a, the 5b of outside by convention.This system is designed such that when inductor is in the operating position of the closure shown in Fig. 1 and 2, and two paired yokes are docking together connecting on the J of plane.
Also be cover (cap) 7a of corresponding semicanal shape, the inboard that 7b hides the pole-face of each half housing, in case and inductor just form closely thermal insulation barriers 7 in being in the close position around casting nozzle.For by 8 radiation emitted of the casting nozzle shown in Fig. 3, this thermal insulation barriers is that the electric winding 3 of inductor is required, and casting nozzle 8 guiding motlten metals flow to into mould.To provide the details that may construct after a while about this covering.
The electric winding 6 of each coiling electrode 3 links to each other with one that is used for to the three phase mains (not shown) of inductor supply primary current, when inductor is in the close position when middle, any salient pole diameter ground of one of half housing 2a is in the face of the salient pole of another half housing 2b, these two electrodes all are connected to the same phase of power supply but are at them and form " electrode pair " on the meaning of anti-phase (for example by different direction of windings), so that in each moment, their working face is-symbol is opposite.This condition is essential, so that type is crossed in the magnetic field that is produced.
It is to be the lamination that the directed crystal grain ferrosilicon thin plate of 0.3mm is made by original depth that electrode 3 and magnetic flux return yoke 5a, 5b, so that magnetic hysteresis loss is reduced to minimum.Their working depth (height of working face 4) is between 50mm (minimum of a value) and 500mm, and this depends on the free space between tundish and the mould top, and inductor will place between tundish and the mould top.Their internal diameter (diameter of air gap) approximately is that the external diameter of casting nozzle adds about ten millimeters, just has been enough to keep an interval, but can have guaranteed most probable inductive.
(>10A/mm2) the very little copper cash of diameter forms, and they have water-cooled copper radiating rib (not shown) in inside by a large amount of (hundreds of) circle ability high current densities for winding 6.
These windings are by the three-phase current of the intermediate frequency of the scope of being provided with from 50Hz to 600Hz.In the technology that proposes, should be noted that for constant current strength, with 50 or high-frequency work more than the 60Hz make can increasing motor torque (motor torque), described motor torque is that electromagnetic force is applied to the torque on the metal that flows through nozzle.Yet with different with supply frequency (50 or 60Hz) work, this need to select use frequency converter.
As shown in Figure 5, for low inductor current value (tens amperes), the electronic function of this static state that inductor 1 is formed produces high strength (between 1000 and 1500 Gausses') transverse electric and magnetic field (transverse electrlmagnetic field) (so-called " crossing " field) in its air gap that is occupied by nozzle.
As we can see from the figure, this is actually uniform in the middle body of air gap.This substantive characteristics of the present invention makes can produce a field of force in liquid metal, this field of force reduces from the wall to central authorities equably, as shown in Figure 6.And for example the hodograph of Fig. 4 is known expression, and this makes can cause rotation, the speed of this rotation even also still very high in the axis portion of nozzle in liquid metal.This special characteristic is essential so that prevent that too big pressure reduces in the middle body of nozzle, at the middle body of this nozzle, metal have " escape " and trend and be subjected to big downward acceleration, thereby offset a part of beneficial effect that rotatablely moves.
Find out from Fig. 2 is clear, because radially magnetic tooth (magnetic teeth) 3 is in the conical in shape of their free end 4 (pole-face), so at any time, the magnetic line of force in the magnetic field in the air gap mainly connects two diameter electrode of opposite, only the remainder in magnetic field loopback between adjacent electrode.Because this conical in shape of electrode tip, so although inductor has essential compactedness, but also obtained this result, this result is for realizing that the present invention is necessary, although wherein the conical in shape of electrode tip means that electrode draws closer together towards central mobile, the distance that their paired free ends separate still is enough to prevent basically the bridge joint of the magnetic line of force between them.Under the situation of little close-coupled inductor, this has guaranteed the high relative intensity (with reference to figure 5) of magnetic field along axis, in other words, guaranteed this field essential " cross " characteristic, and do not have " to cross that " characteristic, the present invention can not produce required effect.As can see from Figure 1, and clearlyer from Fig. 2 see, by being stacked up so that form this conical in shape that the oblique pre-erection (bevel precut) 12 of the lamination end of radial teeth 3 obtains radial teeth 3.External diameter according to the nozzle that will be centered on is regulated the oblique angle.Yet, the area of pole-face 4 should be less than half of the cross section of tooth 3, tapered slope 12 on the tooth main body can be only begins in 2/3rds distance along length, needn't begin before this, and even wish to begin tapered slope 12 as far as possible afterwards so that make the magnetic mass maximum of inductor.
By supplying electric current to inductor, can greatly increase the intensity of primary current via resonance circuit.By these electric currents being increased to the value that fully surpasses the threshold current corresponding with the magnetic saturation of yoke 5, the technology of proposition makes can in fact greatly increase the intensity of the electromagnetic field in the air gap in primary current scope widely.This makes magnetic power be directed and makes the intensity in this magnetic field in motor air gap can be increased to the intensity that makes this magnetic field reaches its saturation value in yoke point.Except that this threshold value, the magnetic field that is directly produced in air by inductor helps to increase the intensity of the field in the motor air gap.
At work; inductor is very near casting nozzle 8 (from its about 5mm); the external temperature of nozzle approximately is 1100 to 1200 ℃; thereby the copper separator 7 by thin segmentation; inductor thermally protected make it not be subjected to the nozzle radiation emitted, copper separator 7 is by water circulation cooling and because this segmental structure and can allow electromagnetic field see through.
Structure as the inductor 1 of two independent 5a of halfpipe portion and 5b allows under the situation of not changing the standard casting process, at an easy rate described inductor 1 is installed in around the nozzle and at any time takes off.Refer again to Fig. 3, can see that for inductor being installed to around the casting nozzle 8, advantageously the supporting member that constitutes by the arm 9 that connects around pivot 10 by two remains on inductor in the appropriate location.Arm is driven by cylinder 11, and cylinder 11 makes arm open and draw close, in case and yoke 5a and 5b adjacency, as shown in fig. 1, just between the yoke 5a of two 2a of halfpipe portion and 2b and 5b, apply enough (greater than 200kgf's) contact forces.At first, the tight contact between yoke 5a, the 5b is essential for the good Cheng Huan of the magnetic line of force between two parts of inductor, thereby is essential for good electromagnetic efficiency.Secondly, the vibration that produces for the electromagnetic force that prevents inevitably by vibration, the big clamping force between two semicanals is essential.
Much less, the present invention is not limited to described exemplary embodiment, if do not hinder its protection domain that is provided by appended claim on the contrary, the present invention can expand to many embodiments optional and of equal value.

Claims (6)

1. continuous casting of metal device, wherein inductor (1) is around immersion nozzle (8), by this immersion nozzle, motlten metal to be cast arrives mould from the tundish that is arranged in the mould top, described inductor has around the rotation of cast axis and is used for forcing motlten metal with its magnetic field that axially rotates, this inductor (1) is the heterogeneous magnetic field type of crossing, each is provided with pair of electrodes (3) mutually this inductor, its each electrode (3) forms by being wound on to projecting inward utmost point tooth (3) electric winding (6) on every side, describedly end in the pole-face (4) that is provided with in the face of nozzle (8) to projecting inward utmost point tooth, make the periphery yoke (5a of flux closure, 5b) utmost point tooth is linked together, described continuous casting of metal device characteristic is: each utmost point tooth (3) has horizontal tapering (12) in the end of the protuberance that it highlights from electric winding, and this horizontal tapering has increased the distance that pole-face (4) is separated from each other.
2. continuous casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described immersion nozzle (8) is the nozzle with horizontal outlet.
3. continuous casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described inductor (1) comprises the thermal insulation barriers (7) that centers on described nozzle on week within it, and described thermal insulation barriers and described nozzle leave a distance.
4. continuous casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described inductor (1) is by connection half housing (2a, 2b) formation of two pivots.
5. continuous casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it also comprises resonance circuit, is connected in series at inductor described in the described resonance circuit and adjustable capacitor.
6. continuous casting apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described inductor (1) is installed in and is used for it is kept on the end of the supporting arm (9) put in place, these supporting arms are recoverable and are provided with and handle each described half housing (2a is 2b) so that the controlled device (11) that their pivot.
CNB2004800172286A 2003-06-17 2004-06-08 Continuous casting installation for the electromagnetic rotation of molten metal moving inside the nozzle Expired - Fee Related CN100406165C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0307307A FR2856321B1 (en) 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION FOR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ROTATION OF LIQUID METAL IN TRANSIT IN THE CASTING BUSH
FR03/07307 2003-06-17

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CN1809435A CN1809435A (en) 2006-07-26
CN100406165C true CN100406165C (en) 2008-07-30

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US (1) US20060124272A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1633512B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4435781B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101004065B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100406165C (en)
CA (1) CA2529384C (en)
DE (1) DE602004004270T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2279430T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2856321B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1633512T3 (en)
SI (1) SI1633512T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005002763A2 (en)

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DE602004004270D1 (en) 2007-02-22
FR2856321A1 (en) 2004-12-24
WO2005002763A3 (en) 2005-03-17
PL1633512T3 (en) 2007-06-29
JP2006527661A (en) 2006-12-07
CN1809435A (en) 2006-07-26
DE602004004270T2 (en) 2007-05-31
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US20060124272A1 (en) 2006-06-15
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CA2529384C (en) 2010-03-30

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