CN100400109C - 电加热蒸汽分配器 - Google Patents
电加热蒸汽分配器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种电加热设备(1),用于将香料和其它挥发性物质分配到封闭的空间,该电加热设备(1)包括:容纳一定量的挥发性物质(14)的容器(11);加热装置(7);用于向所述加热装置(7)传送所述挥发性物质的传送装置(5);以及,用于为所述加热装置供电的便携式电源,所述电加热设备(1)的特征在于,所述加热装置(7)包括柔性薄膜加热器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通常用于向室内等的封闭空间分配香料及其它挥发性物质的电加热蒸汽分配器。
背景技术
本领域已知有各种电加热蒸汽分配器,例如,GB2117639描述了一种插到电源插座上的空气清新装置。虽然这种“插入式”装置能够令人满意地散发香气,但它们具有许多缺点。首先,该装置必须被插入电源插座才能工作。结果,该电插座不能用于其它使用。第二,在该装置中使用的加热元件需要连续工作,否则会出现性能下降。结果,这种装置消耗了大量的电能。另外,用户会逐渐“适应于”该香气,即持续处于香气中会使人对香气变得不敏感,以至于不再能觉察到香气存在的现象。第三,这种装置不能用于没有可用电源插座的地方,例如浴室、户外等。第四,大多数电源插座位于或接近于地面,因而可能难于接近,或被家具等物品挡住。出于美学的考虑,或为了使香气在房间的封闭空间中最有效地挥发或扩散,将这种装置设置在地面或接近于地面通常不是很理想的。
已经进行了多种尝试,以提供一种利用便携式电源(如电池)进行工作的电加热蒸汽分配器。然而,这种装置有两个主要缺点。首先,它们的功率低,因而不但很难将香料或其它挥发性物质加热到所需的温度,并且也很难足够迅速地加热挥发性物质。第二,电池不能长时间挥发香气以使消费者满意。许多常规装置的电池电源的工作寿命只有大约几个小时。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了一种用于向封闭空间分配香料或其它挥发性物质的电加热设备,其包括:容纳一定量的挥发性物质的容器;加热装置;用于向所述加热装置传送所述挥发性物质的传送装置;以及,用于为所述加热装置供电的便携式电源,所述电加热设备的特征在于,所述加热装置包括柔性薄膜加热器,所述柔性薄膜加热器包括一个具有至少一个电阻材料层和附连在该电阻材料层的相对表面上的两个绝缘层的层叠体。在所附的权利要求中限定了本发明的其它方面。
附图说明
现在将参照附图,仅以示例的方式,描述本发明的实施例。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的电加热蒸汽分配器的第一实施例的示意性剖视图;
图2是根据本发明的电加热蒸汽分配器的第二实施例的示意性剖视图;
图3是根据本发明的电加热蒸汽分配器的第三实施例的示意性剖视图;
图4是根据本发明的电加热蒸汽分配器的第四实施例的示意性剖视图;
图5是在图1到4的设备中使用的加热装置的平面图;
图6是沿图5的线VI-VI截取的加热装置的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了电加热蒸汽分配器1的第一实施例,其包括:壳体2,在壳体2中包括有香料储瓶4、毛细管5、多孔元件6、加热装置7、控制电路(未示出)和便携式电源(未示出)。
壳体2具有平面底部9,其使得设备1可以垂直地立在一平面上。壳体2限定了设备1的内部10,设备1的其它部件位于设备1的内部10中。在壳体2的上部或在壳体2的上部附近设置有多个气孔3,这些气孔使内部10和周围空气之间可以相通。气孔3使得挥发性香料可以从内部10散发出来。
壳体2可以由具有充分耐热性的热塑性塑料或热固性聚合材料制成,从而在设备1的正常使用期间,在使加热装置7通电时,壳体2不会发生不希望的软化或熔化。适合的已知材料的典型示例包括基于以下成分的聚合物和/或共聚物树脂:尼龙、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚烯烃、苯乙烯、聚缩醛树脂、聚砜树脂以及表现出上述期望的耐热性能的其它材料。如本领域所知的,聚合物的成分可以包括添加剂或调节剂,如填料、阻燃材料、着色剂、颜料等等。优选地,壳体通过注射成型工艺制成。此外,壳体2可以由玻璃制成。
香料储瓶4安装在设备1的内部10中,并包括有储瓶瓶体11,储瓶瓶体11限定了封闭空间12,在封闭空间12中存储有一定量的待挥发的香料14。香料14通常是挥发性的液体混合物。
储瓶瓶体11的下部变窄以形成颈部13,毛细管5位于颈部13中。毛细管5提供了使香料14从存储器4中排出的唯一出口。
多孔元件6位于紧邻该毛细管5的出口的下面,并与该出口接触。多孔元件6可以采取不同的形式和形状。毛细元件6可以是烧结聚合材料等的多孔聚合材料或多孔陶瓷材料。适合的材料包括由生产的各种多孔塑料(Fairbairn,Georgia,U.S.A)。另选地,多孔元件6可以是纤维材料,例如压缩、编织或未编织的纤维材料的块、垫或海绵体。示例性的纤维材料包括自然存在的合成纤维材料以及两种或多种这种纤维材料的混合物。
加热装置7位于多孔元件6的下方并与之对齐。根据本发明,加热装置7是柔性薄膜加热器。薄膜加热器7与多孔元件6的下表面相连,或者保持为与之相接触,使得多孔元件6介于毛细管5和薄膜加热器7之间。
如图5和图6所示,薄膜加热器包括三层的层叠体:由绝缘材料制成的上层21、由绝缘材料制成的下层23和由电阻材料制成的中间层22。由电阻材料制成的中间层22可以由PTF材料(聚合物厚膜)制成,其优选地具有PTC特性(正温度系数),从而随着电阻材料22的温度升高,材料的电阻也升高,因而限制了过流的危险以及对电阻材料22和周围设备1的损害。电阻材料22配有由导电材料制成的接触部分24和25,以使得可以将电阻材料22作为电路的一部分而进行连接。
薄膜加热器7的电阻材料22可以由电阻墨水(resistive ink)或电阻线或两者的组合制成。电阻墨水薄膜可从Hydor处获得。电阻线薄膜可从Mintco处获得。该电阻墨水和/或电阻线以数量级为40到50微米的薄层厚度位于绝缘层21和23的柔性基板上。
有利的是,一旦被通电,电阻材料22便会非常快地热起来。电阻材料22达到大约70℃的工作温度所需的时间为1到2秒的时间。此外,薄膜的冷却时间也同样很短。结果,薄膜加热器7能够向多孔元件6传送精确量的热能,使得可以精确地挥发香料14。可以根据待挥发物质的性质和特性来调节加热器7的工作温度。对于香料,典型的温度为40到90℃,更优选地,60到80℃。对于其它的物质(如杀虫剂),可能需要更高的温度:在100到160℃的范围内,并更优选地在120到140℃的范围内,典型地为130℃。
使用上述薄膜加热器的重要优点是可以将加热器形成为柔性元件,并且不需要刚性基板。结果,可以操纵薄膜加热器7以将其装入较小的空间内和/或将其定位以在设备1的内部10中容纳其它部件。这样,通过使用薄膜柔性加热器使得设备1可以具有更小的总体积。柔性加热器的使用还使得可以很容易地调节加热器7和多孔元件6或载有香料的其它元件之间的空间关系,以使热效率最高,这一点将在以下的实施例中给予描述。
便携式电源优选地包括一个或多个电池。例如,电池可以是碱性、锂离子或Ni-Cad类型。电池可以是一次性的或可再充电的。例如,电池可以是可利用太阳能电池而在原地再充电的,或可以是可从壳体2中取出而通过与电源连接进行充电的。
在壳体2中设置有控制电路。控制电路包括开关和定时器。操作开关使包括便携式电源和薄膜加热器的电路断开或者闭合,由此控制电流在电路中的流动。因此,开关对加热器7的通电和香料的挥发进行控制。开关由定时器操作。定时器可以是预编程的,以在指定时刻使该开关断开或者闭合,或以设定的时段使开关断开并且以设定间隔使开关闭合开关。例如,可以在范围为1秒和5分钟或更长的时间之间的一时段内将设备1接通。优选地,各时段为在1秒和1分钟之间。另选地,各时段为1秒和10秒之间。另选地,各时段为在1秒和5秒之间。
另选地,可以根据使用者的要求对定时器进行编程。例如,可以提供选择器开关,以使使用者可以调节通电时段以及通电之间的时间间隔。开关还可以由使用者手工断开并保持断开,从而使设备1处于在“关断”状态。另选地,为此可以提供辅助“总”开关。
使用开关和定时器的一个重要优点是:降低了设备的总功率要求,从而通过增大设备1在电池更换或再充电之间的工作时间而延长了设备1的使用寿命。加外的一个优点是:因为仅在离散的时段内而不是连续地挥发香料,从而降低了对香味的适应性。
在使用中,用户使用开关或总开关来接通设备1。来自存储器4的香料14因毛细作用而沿毛细管5向下吸出,接触并渗入多孔元件6。在定时器操作该开关而使电路闭合时,控制电路使来自电池的电流流到薄膜加热器7。一旦通电,薄膜加热器7迅速升温到其工作温度。热能通过传导的方式从薄膜加热器7传送到多孔元件6。结果,多孔元件6被加热以挥发其中含有的香料14。香料的挥发粒子随后通过气孔3散发到周围的空气中。一旦所设定的通电时段终止,控制电路使开关断开,从而关断加热器7。薄膜加热器7迅速冷却,从而迅速停止了香料的挥发。
图2示出了根据本发明的设备1的第二实施例。与前面一样,设备1包括:具有气孔3的壳体2;香料存储器4;控制电路(未示出)、便携式电源(未示出)和薄膜加热器7。第二实施例与第一实施例的区别在于将香料14传送到薄膜加热器7的附近的方式。设置了芯30,其从香料存储器4的内部12延伸到外部。芯30的上端31通过储瓶瓶体11的孔33并从那里延伸出来。薄膜加热器7被附连到芯30的上端31或者保持为与其相接触。可以用毛细膜替换芯30。
在使用中,便携式电源、控制电路和薄膜加热器7的操作与上面参照第一实施例的描述相同。通过毛细作用将香料14从存储器4中向芯30的上端31向上传送。薄膜加热器7的通电引起香料的挥发,随后所挥发的香料通过气孔3散发出去。
有利的是,不需要毛细管。
图3示出了根据本发明的设备1的第三实施例。与前面一样,设备1包括:具有气孔3的壳体2;香料存储器4;控制电路(未示出)、便携式电源(未示出)和薄膜加热器7。第三实施例与前述实施例的区别在于将香料14传送到薄膜加热器7的附近的方式。设置了芯40,其从香料存储器4的内部12延伸到外部。芯40的上端41通过储瓶瓶体11的孔43并从那里延伸出来。芯40是中空的圆柱形。芯40优选地由多孔聚合材料或纤维材料形成。适合的材料包括上面参照第一实施例的多孔元件6描述的那些材料。薄膜加热器7被附连到芯40的上端41或者保持为与其相接触。优选地,将薄膜加热器7形成为以螺旋方式围绕圆柱芯40的外表面的长带。这使芯40接近薄膜加热器7的表面积增至最大,同时使加热器7中的电阻材料22的量减到最小,从而减少设备1的电力需求。
第三实施例的操作与上述实施例的操作相同。
图4示出了根据本发明的设备1的第四实施例。第四实施例与第三实施例类似,尤其是芯40采用了中空圆柱芯的形式。将薄膜加热器7插入芯40的内腔44中,使得加热器7由芯材料包围。优点是,由于芯40形成了屏障,使得由加热器7产生的热能除了经由芯40进行传导之外,不能容易地散发出来,所以这些热能被有效地传导到芯40。
虽然在前述说明中,将设备1描述为用于使香料挥发,但应该理解,该设备同样适于使期望散发的其它挥发性物质挥发,该其它挥发性物质包括但不限于香水、消毒剂以及杀虫剂。
虽然在前述的说明中,香料14以液体混合物为代表,但也可以使用其混合物。这些其它混合物包括凝胶体、糊剂和触变性液体及它们的组合。香料14还可包括被吸入在诸如硅石的载体元件中的液体混合物。此外,香料14可以是二相或多相香料。
虽然,在前述的说明中,将设备1描述为与混合物(如香料)配合使用,但该装置也可以用于医疗,用于分配精确剂量的混合物,例如芳香疗法用混合物。
虽然在前述的说明中,已将控制电路描述为将薄膜加热器7从关断状态切换为通电状态,但还可以对控制电路编程,以将薄膜加热器加热器7从“低功率状态”切换为“高功率状态”。因此,在低功率设置中,利用加热器7实现挥发性物质的持续散发,并在将加热器7切换为高功率设置时,以设定的间隔加速香料的散发。该实施例适用于需要很浓的香味的情况。
Claims (42)
1.一种电加热设备,用于将香料和其它挥发性物质分配到封闭的空间,该电加热设备包括:
容纳一定量的挥发性物质的容器;
加热装置;
用于向所述加热装置传送所述挥发性物质的传送装置;以及,
用于为所述加热装置供电的便携式电源,
其中所述传送装置包括芯或毛细膜,并且其中所述加热装置包括柔性薄膜加热器,所述柔性薄膜加热器包括一个具有至少一个由电阻材料构成的电阻材料层和附连在该电阻材料层的相对表面上的两个绝缘层的层叠体,其中所述加热装置与所述芯或毛细膜附连,或保持在所述芯或毛细膜的附近,并且所述加热装置至少部分地缠在所述芯的外表面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料具有正温度系数特性。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料是聚合体厚膜材料或聚合体薄膜材料。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料至少部分地由电阻墨水形成。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料至少部分地由电阻线形成。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个的电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为10到1000微米之间。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为10到100微米之间。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为20到50微米之间。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述薄膜加热器的总厚度为20到1000微米之间。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述薄膜加热器的总厚度为40到100微米之间。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述便携式电源包括一个或多个电池。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电加热设备,其中,所述一个或多个电池是可再充电的。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,其中,所述传送装置包括毛细管。
14.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,还包括定时装置,其可被操作以周期性地使所述加热装置通电。
15.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,所述周期性是预先编程的。
16.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,所述周期性是由用户设定的。
17.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到5分钟之间。
18.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到1分钟之间。
19.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到10秒之间。
20.根据权利要求14所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到5秒之间。
21.根据权利要求1或2所述的电加热设备,还包括定时设备,其可被操作以周期性地将所述加热装置从低功率状态切换到高功率状态。
22.一种电加热设备,用于将香料和其它挥发性物质分配到封闭的空间,该电加热设备包括:
容纳一定量的挥发性物质的容器;
加热装置;
用于向所述加热装置传送所述挥发性物质的传送装置;以及,
用于为所述加热装置供电的便携式电源,
其中所述传送装置包括芯或毛细膜,并且其中所述加热装置包括柔性薄膜加热器,所述柔性薄膜加热器包括一个具有至少一个由电阻材料构成的电阻材料层和附连在该电阻材料层的相对表面上的两个绝缘层的层叠体,其中所述加热装置与所述芯或毛细膜附连,或保持在所述芯或毛细膜的附近,并且所述加热装置至少部分地位于所述芯内部,其中所述芯是圆柱形的,并且所述加热装置位于所述圆柱形的芯的内腔中。
23.根据权利要求22所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料具有正温度系数特性。
24.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料是聚合体厚膜材料或聚合体薄膜材料。
25.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料至少部分地由电阻墨水形成。
26.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料至少部分地由电阻线形成。
27.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个的电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为10到1000微米之间。
28.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为10到100微米之间。
29.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述电阻材料层由一个或多个电阻墨水层和/或电阻线层制成,各层厚度为20到50微米之间。
30.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述薄膜加热器的总厚度为20到1000微米之间。
31.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述薄膜加热器的总厚度为40到100微米之间。
32.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述便携式电源包括一个或多个电池。
33.根据权利要求32所述的电加热设备,其中,所述一个或多个电池是可再充电的。
34.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,其中,所述传送装置包括毛细管。
35.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,还包括定时装置,其可被操作以周期性地使所述加热装置通电。
36.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,所述周期性是预先编程的。
37.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,所述周期性是由用户设定的。
38.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到5分钟之间。
39.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到1分钟之间。
40.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到10秒之间。
41.根据权利要求35所述的电加热设备,其中,各通电期间为1秒到5秒之间。
42.根据权利要求22或23所述的电加热设备,还包括定时设备,其可被操作以周期性地将所述加热装置从低功率状态切换到高功率状态。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2490902A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
PL374465A1 (en) | 2005-10-31 |
ES2300593T3 (es) | 2008-06-16 |
DE60320409T2 (de) | 2009-05-07 |
EP1517712A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 |
DE60320409D1 (de) | 2008-05-29 |
BR0312142A (pt) | 2005-04-05 |
EP1517712B1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
EP1702630A3 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
GB0215145D0 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
MXPA04012918A (es) | 2005-03-31 |
BR0312142B1 (pt) | 2014-04-29 |
ZA200500233B (en) | 2006-07-26 |
ATE392220T1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1702630A2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
WO2004002542A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
CN1665547A (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
CA2490902C (en) | 2011-08-30 |
PL205860B1 (pl) | 2010-06-30 |
AU2003244814B2 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
AU2003244814A1 (en) | 2004-01-19 |
US20050155985A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
US7263282B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
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