CN100396800C - Automobile steering knuckle quenching agent and quenching method - Google Patents
Automobile steering knuckle quenching agent and quenching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100396800C CN100396800C CNB031504507A CN03150450A CN100396800C CN 100396800 C CN100396800 C CN 100396800C CN B031504507 A CNB031504507 A CN B031504507A CN 03150450 A CN03150450 A CN 03150450A CN 100396800 C CN100396800 C CN 100396800C
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- quenching
- steering knuckle
- medium
- quenching medium
- stoste
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quenching agent used as a cooling medium in the quenching heat treatment of an automobile steering knuckle and a quenching method thereof. The quenching agent is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, ammonium persulfate and water according to a certain proportion, and the quenching agent stock solution is obtained after heating, polymerization and cooling. When the quenching liquid is used, the steering knuckle is heated to an austenite state, and then the original solution is diluted into different percentage concentrations according to the size, the shape complexity and the material hardenability of the steering knuckle, so that the quenching liquid is used for the technical process of single-phase quenching or graded quenching or double-liquid quenching of the steering knuckle. The invention is effective to the steering knuckle with phi less than 70mm, the surface of the workpiece forms martensite when the workpiece is cooled in a medium and after liquid is removed, and the fatigue life of the steering knuckle reaches more than 50 ten thousand times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quenching medium and quenching method that is used for the spindle quenching heat treatment.
Background technology
No matter single-stage quenching, many liquid quench or double quenching all needs quenchant, the difference of medium, the material property difference of quenching and obtaining promptly has different physical strengths and fatigue lifetime.The Chinese patent CN1167158 (1997) of the clear application of Liu Xiang has disclosed a kind of high molecular polymer quenching medium that is applicable to height, middle steel carbon filament goods, is made up of vinylformic acid 20～45%, caustic soda 15～40%, ammonium persulphate 0.3～1.5%, water 20～40% (by weight percentage).The method system of isothermal quenching that the Chinese patent CN1398992 (2002) of Shanghai Communications University's application discloses or marquenching is waiting thermophase or classification dwell phase with regulating spraying-air cooling method control workpiece surface temperature according to the hardening capacity selective quenching heat-eliminating medium of workpiece size and steel.But, spindle be a kind of complex-shaped, section thickness is extremely inhomogeneous, the automobile component of porous and pore wall thickness inequality, it is bearing the repeated stress of high loading, the effect of compound stresses such as twist and warping stress, temporary impact stress in automobilism, therefore require these parts that high tensile strength, fatigue strength are arranged, enough toughness is arranged again.Existing quenching medium and quenching method all can not satisfy the requirement of these special component of spindle well.At present work-ing life of steering knuckle is got on the car generally between 30～380,000 times in the domestic market.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to brought up to more than 500,000 times the work-ing life of spindle, a kind of organic polymer water-soluble quenching agent is provided.The cooling penetrance of this quenching medium is strong, and is little to rimose susceptibility, makes spindle obtain high-intensity martensitic stucture when quenching.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
With adopting a kind of quenching medium to make heat-eliminating medium, former liquid formula is (by weight percentage) polyvinyl alcohol 0.1～0.5%, polyacrylate 0.01～0.1%, ammonium persulphate 0.01～0.1% in the spindle quenching technology, and all the other are water; The preferred former liquid formula of quenching medium is (by weight percentage) polyvinyl alcohol 0.18～0.3%, polyacrylate 0.04～0.06%, ammonium persulphate 0.04～0.06%, and all the other are water.Above-mentioned raw materials promptly gets the stoste of quenching medium of the present invention after heated polymerizable, cooling.According to steering knuckle size, complex-shaped degree and material hardening capacity, above-mentioned stoste is diluted to the cooling fluid of different weight percentage concentration, be respectively applied for single-phase quenching of steering knuckle or marquenching or double quenching technological process.This quenching medium is applicable to that the spindle of φ＜70mm quenches, have the characteristics fast in high-temperature zone cooling, that the cold zone cooling is slow, to R angle and section transitions district when quenching little, the no oil smoke of crackle susceptibility, do not burn, no fire hazard, no corrosive nature, hardened depth, hardness are even, medium difficultly wears out, life-span (usage period) length.When preparing the cooling fluid of specific concentrations, in quenching medium stoste, add water, measure diopter, be converted into percentage concentration accurately then with refractometer.
When spindle quenches, earlier steering knuckle is heated to austenitic state, then according to steering knuckle size, shape and material hardening capacity, select single-phase quenching, marquenching or double quenching, and select the cooling fluid of different weight percentage concentration according to the thickness of the section thickness ununiformity of different model steering knuckle and hole wall respectively for use:
(1) simple to shape, cross section thickness transition is mild, the steering knuckle enforcement single-stage quenching of the about 40mm of axle journal net thickness, quenching medium concentration is controlled at 0.28～0.32% (weight percent of stoste), the single-stage quenching time is about 10 minutes, until workpiece and quenching medium equality of temperature, be lower than 50 ℃ by circulation cooling control quenching medium temperature in the quenching process;
(2) complicated to shape, cross section thickness transition is steep, the steering knuckle enforcement marquenching of the about 55mm of axle journal net thickness, the about 10mm of hole wall intersection wall thickness, quenching medium concentration is controlled at 0.23～0.27% (weight percent of stoste), temperature fluid in the time of 300 ℃ on surface is passed in workpiece inside, cools off in air then;
(3) complex-shaped, the rapid transition of cross section thickness, R angle steering knuckle less, the about 70mm of axle journal net thickness, the about 6mm of hole wall intersection wall thickness are implemented double quenching, quenching medium concentration can be controlled in 0.18～0.22% (weight percent of stoste), temperature fluid in the time of 300 ℃ on surface is passed in workpiece inside, cools off in oil then.
Through YueJin car Group Co., Ltd automotive research institute according to FIAT standard 18N5130 " steering knuckle technical specifications ", the spindle that adopts method of the present invention to heat-treat is tested, be 54.2～79.8 ten thousand fatigue lifetime, is much higher than among the Machinery Ministry standard JB522-84 " spindle technical qualification " 300,000 times life requirements.According to light-duty vehicle chassis, Hangzhou factory feedback opinion, after the spindle that adopts method of the present invention to heat-treat reaches use after testing, compared with similar products, its tired longer service life.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the preparation of spindle quenching medium stoste
Get polyvinyl alcohol 20 grams, polyacrylate 5 grams, ammonium persulphate 5 grams, add 9970 gram water again and in stove, heat, till polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, the complete uniform dissolution of ammonium persulphate.Turn off thermal source then, treat that its cool to room temperature promptly gets quenching medium stoste.The specific embodiment prescription sees Table (content is weight percentage):
Embodiment 2～3: the preparation of spindle quenching medium stoste
The prescription of stoste sees the above table, and compound method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: for the 40Cr steel of steering knuckle axle journal net thickness 40mm
40Cr steel steering knuckle workpiece is heated to 860 ℃ in stove, insulation and complete austenite homogenizing under this temperature, quench then and contain in the water coolant of 0.30% stoste (refractive index of being measured by refractometer is converted into this concentration numerical value), be lower than 50 ℃ by circulation cooling control quenching medium temperature in the quenching process, after about 10 minutes, workpiece and quenching medium reach uniform temp, and promptly workpiece heart portion cools off fully.Workpiece is taken out in cooling fluid, measure the Rockwell hardness of axle journal horizontal section then, from the Rockwell hardness of axle journal limit portion to heart portion at 57～52HRC, the through hardening fully of heart portion is described, then by 580～620 ℃ of high temperings, obtain the tempered sorbite that even dispersion distributes, such tissue is pressed JB/T 13320-1991 spindle metallographic standard rating, edging tissue is 1～2 grade, core structure is 2～3 grades (illustrate: the qualified rank that requires among the JB/T13320-1991 is limit portion≤4 grade, heart portion≤6 grade).
Embodiment 5: for the 40Cr steel of steering knuckle axle journal net thickness 55mm
40Cr steel steering knuckle workpiece is heated to 860 ℃ in stove, insulation and complete austenite homogenizing under this temperature, quench then and contain in the water coolant of 0.25% stoste (refractive index of being measured by refractometer is converted into this concentration numerical value), treat that workpiece passes to the temperature of outside surface in the time of 300 ℃ from heart portion, workpiece is taken out in cooling fluid and in air, cool off, make martensitic transformation in air cooling, finish, can make workpiece complex-shaped and that hole wall is thin avoid occurring cracking like this.The workpiece that quenches is got the axle journal horizontal section measure from limit portion the Rockwell hardness to heart portion, its value is 57～48HRC, and the basic through hardening of heart portion is described.Quenched workpiece is put into 580～620 ℃ of high temperings of stove, the metallographic structure that obtains is evaluated by JB/T 13320-1991 spindle metallographic standard, edging tissue average tempering sorbite is chosen as 1～2 grade, and core structure tempered sorbite+a little ferrite is chosen as 3～4 grades.
Embodiment 6: for the 40Cr steel of steering knuckle axle journal net thickness 70mm
40Cr steel steering knuckle workpiece is heated to 860 ℃ in stove, insulation and complete austenite homogenizing under this temperature, quench then and contain in the water coolant of 0.22% stoste (refractive index of being measured by refractometer is converted into this concentration numerical value), treat that workpiece is when heart portion passes to surperficial temperature at 300 ℃, workpiece is taken out and puts into 10# machine oil and cool off, make martensitic transformation in 10# machine oil, finish, can make like this that complex-shaped, wall is thin to differ greatly and workpiece that the R angle is less avoids occurring cracking.The workpiece that quenches is got the axle journal horizontal section measure from limit portion the Rockwell hardness to heart portion, its value is 57～42HRC, illustrates that workpiece heart portion major part is by through hardening.Quenched workpiece is put into 580～620 ℃ of high temperings of stove, obtain tissue: limit portion is the tempered sorbite that even dispersion distributes, be assessed as 1～2 grade by JB/T 13320-1991 spindle metallographic standard, heart portion is tempered sorbite+a little ferrite, is 5 grades by above-mentioned metallographic standard rating equally.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is used for the quenching medium that the spindle quenching heat treatment is made heat-eliminating medium, it is characterized in that the former liquid formula of quenching medium is (by weight percentage) polyvinyl alcohol 0.1～0.5%, polyacrylate 0.01～0.1%, ammonium persulphate 0.01～0.1%, all the other are water; After heated polymerizable, cooling, obtain quenching medium stoste of the present invention.
2. make the quenching medium of heat-eliminating medium in the spindle quenching heat treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the former liquid formula of quenching medium is (by weight percentage) polyvinyl alcohol 0.18～0.3%, polyacrylate 0.04～0.06%, ammonium persulphate 0.04～0.06%, all the other are water.
3. quenching method that is used for the spindle quenching heat treatment, it is characterized in that earlier spindle being heated to austenitic state, then according to steering knuckle size, shape and material hardening capacity, select single-phase quenching, marquenching or double quenching technological process, and the quenching medium that the described quenching medium stoste of claim 1～2 is diluted with water to different weight percentage concentration is used:
(1) simple to shape, cross section thickness transition is mild, steering knuckle axle journal net thickness 40mm is implemented single-stage quenching, quenching medium concentration is controlled at 0.28～0.32% (weight percent of stoste), the single-stage quenching time is 10 minutes, until workpiece and quenching medium equality of temperature, be lower than 50 ℃ by circulation cooling control quenching medium temperature in the quenching process;
(2) complicated to shape, cross section thickness transition is steep, steering knuckle axle journal net thickness 55mm, the wall thickness 10mm of hole wall intersection is implemented marquenching, quenching medium concentration is controlled at 0.23～0.27% (weight percent of stoste), temperature fluid in the time of 300 ℃ on surface is passed in workpiece inside, cools off in air then;
(3) complex-shaped, the rapid transition of cross section thickness, R angle steering knuckle less, axle journal net thickness 70mm, the wall thickness 6mm of hole wall intersection are implemented double quenching, quenching medium concentration is controlled at 0.18～0.22% (weight percent of stoste), temperature fluid in the time of 300 ℃ on surface is passed in workpiece inside, cools off in oil then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031504507A CN100396800C (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | Automobile steering knuckle quenching agent and quenching method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031504507A CN100396800C (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | Automobile steering knuckle quenching agent and quenching method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1584063A CN1584063A (en) | 2005-02-23 |
| CN100396800C true CN100396800C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| CNB031504507A Expired - Fee Related CN100396800C (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | Automobile steering knuckle quenching agent and quenching method |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100455682C (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-01-28 | 北京华立精细化工公司 | Liquid cooling medium with stable cooling speed |
| CN100395353C (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-06-18 | 宁波跃进汽车前桥有限公司 | Inducing quenching and tempering process of automobile knuckle |
| CN101812645A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-25 | 张家港海陆环形锻件有限公司 | Ring forge piece material of wind power rotary supporting ring and ring forge piece manufacturing technology thereof |
| CN102329926A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-01-25 | 芜湖三联锻造有限公司 | Polymer quenching medium |
| CN103572026B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-11-04 | 广东省韶铸集团有限公司 | The fast hardening and tempering treatment process of low-carbon low-alloy steel casting steering knuckle |
| CN103589846B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-04-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Quenching inductor for double steps of steering joint and quenching method for steering joint |
| CN104451060B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-01-11 | 马鞍山金泉工业介质科技有限公司 | Special quenching liquid for preparing large axial forgings from 35CrMo |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076220A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-15 | 李颖悟 | Water-soluble polymer quenching agent |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076220A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-15 | 李颖悟 | Water-soluble polymer quenching agent |
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