CN100395255C - 马来酸氨柔比星盐及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

马来酸氨柔比星盐及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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CN100395255C
CN100395255C CNB200510005357XA CN200510005357A CN100395255C CN 100395255 C CN100395255 C CN 100395255C CN B200510005357X A CNB200510005357X A CN B200510005357XA CN 200510005357 A CN200510005357 A CN 200510005357A CN 100395255 C CN100395255 C CN 100395255C
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钟慧娟
吕爱锋
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Jiangsu Best Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Lianyungang Hongchuang Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及可用于医药的新化合物马来酸氨柔比星盐及其制备方法,以及用于制备抗肿瘤药物方面和用于制备药物制剂方面的应用。所述的马来酸氨柔比星盐的制备方法包括在溶剂中的反应、冷冻干燥或结晶等。

Description

马来酸氨柔比星盐及其制备方法和用途
技术领域
本发明涉及氨柔比星马来酸盐及其制备方法,以及含有这种化合物的药物组合物,和这种化合物在制备抗肿瘤药物方面和用于制备药物制剂方面的应用。
背景技术
日本专利JP3-5397 B2和美国专利4,673,668披露了盐酸氨柔比星的制备及它作为癌症的化学治疗的药物。其中包括实施例中具体合成的目标化合物即氨柔比星,并按常规方法制备了氨柔比星盐酸盐。
美国专利6,376,469号也披露了具有稳定晶型的结晶性盐酸氨柔比星的制备。
PCT文献WO 9928331 A2公开了通过将盐酸加入到氨柔比星的溶液中并调节pH值从而制备氨柔比星盐酸盐晶体的方法。
日本专利JP 1-40493 A号和美国专利4,952,566号披露了包含L-半胱氨酸的稳定的盐酸氨柔比星的制剂。这些专利文献披露的是稳定的注射剂的制备,说明书技术方案部分指出氨柔比星,其盐包括马来酸盐,实施例中具体实施的是氨柔比星盐酸盐。但是并没有披露作为药物或散装药物的盐酸氨柔比星自身的稳定性。
研究结果表明,氨柔比星或它的药学上可接受的盐的稳定性在冻干后是不足的,甚至在结晶状态也是不足的。室温条件下长期贮藏或贮藏条件不良都会使其降解,特别是高温条件下其降解速度大大加快。通常认为,在这些盐中,盐酸盐是较为具有优良品质的,这主要体现在它具有较好的稳定性和溶解度两个方面。
本发明通过研究发现,与现有技术公开的氨柔比星盐酸盐相比,本发明的马来酸氨柔比星盐更加稳定,这些效果在高温条件下尤其明显;尽管马来酸氨柔比星的水溶性不及盐酸氨柔比星,但其溶解度已足以使其能够用于制备冻干粉针剂型,并且生物利用度不受影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于为临床提供稳定性更好的具有下述结构的氨柔比星马来酸盐:
Figure C20051000535700051
氨  柔比  星马来酸盐
本发明的目标化合物的特征在于,其粉末X-射线衍射图样的衍射角度(2θ)的平均值和相对强度为下表中给出的值:
其中,所得的马来酸氨柔比星结晶粉末的X-射线衍射图样的衍射角度(2θ)的平均值和相对强度表现为:
Figure C20051000535700052
本发明的另一目的在于提供马来酸氨柔比星盐制备方法。该制备方法是将氨柔比星和马来酸在水或水溶性溶剂中发生成盐反应,然后使用浓缩、混合溶剂析晶、晶型转化、过滤或冷冻干燥等处理方法,以得到氨柔比星马来酸盐的桔红色结晶或冻干粉末。
具体地说,马来酸氨柔比星结晶过程包括如下步骤:将氨柔比星碱和等摩尔量或适当过量的马来酸溶于水或亲水性有机溶剂或水和亲水性有机溶剂的混合物中;然后,在10℃~40℃的温度条件下,将此溶液进行减压连续浓缩使之逐渐析出晶体并连续结晶,或逐渐滴加合适的水溶性有机溶剂或非水溶性有机溶剂或水溶性和非水溶性有机溶剂的混合物使溶液逐渐析出马来酸氨柔比星结晶。然后经过过滤干燥得到桔红色马来酸氨柔比星结晶产物。
上述的适当过量的马来酸具备以下的含义:适当过量的马来酸能够使氨柔比星更容易溶解,前提是马来酸的量必须控制在不能太多而在析晶过程中和马来酸氨柔比星一起析出,从而影响到马来酸氨柔比星结晶的晶型和成分。一般地说,过量的马来酸的相对摩尔比控制在0~20%范围内,更可取的是2~10%范围。
马来酸氨柔比星的溶液的制备过程应保持在低于20℃的温度下进行,更可取的是0-5℃温度下。溶解时间不易过长。如果原料溶解较慢,可借助于超声波仪器加快溶解速度。而马来酸氨柔比星的浓缩析晶或晶型转化过程应保持在稍高一些的温度下进行。例如:10℃-40℃,优选的是20-30℃。一般地说,在室温条件下,即可方便地将马来酸氨柔比星从溶液中结晶出来得到得到想要的产物。
溶解马来酸氨柔比星的溶剂的量,原则上说,应使马来酸和氨柔比星能够在如上所说的较低温度下顺利地溶解并成盐反应,根据溶剂溶解度的不同,按重量份比,每份马来酸氨柔比星用20-100份的溶剂。
参与析晶或晶型转化过程的水溶性有机溶剂或非水溶性有机溶剂与用于溶解马来酸氨柔比星的水溶性有机溶剂可以相同或不同,用量也根据溶剂溶解度的不同而有所不同,按重量份比,每份马来酸氨柔比星用20-60份的溶剂。
上述的混合溶剂是指水溶性溶剂和非水溶性溶剂的混合物。合适的水溶性溶剂包括低级醇类,酮类,腈类,环醚类等,优选为低级醇类。该低级醇类包括甲醇,乙醇,丙醇,或异丙醇等,优选为甲醇;腈类溶剂优选为乙腈;环醚类溶剂优选四氢呋喃和二氧六环等。非水溶性溶剂包括烃类,卤烃类溶剂和醚类溶剂,优选为正己烷、氯仿、二氯甲烷、乙醚、异丙醚等。
本发明的另一目的在于提供马来酸氨柔比星盐及其组合物用于制备抗肿瘤的药物的应用,以及用于制备药物制剂的应用。本发明提供了一种药物组合物,其含有作为活性成分的上述结构的马来酸氨柔比星盐和药学上可接受的载体、稳定剂、或赋形剂等药物辅助剂。所述的药物组合物是通过将上述方法制备得到的马来酸氨柔比星盐与药学上可接受的药物辅助剂混合后,按照制剂的常规制备方法以制备得到所需的制剂形式。该组合物可以是大或小容量注射剂、冻干粉针、无菌粉分装等制剂形式,特别优选冻干粉针制剂。冻干制剂可以按照US4,952,566号所披露的方法,只是用马来酸氨柔比星结晶来制备。对于冻干制剂,加入L-半胱氨酸或合适的盐作为稳定剂是必要的。L-半胱氨酸或其盐首选的量为:每20mg结晶马来酸氨柔比星加入L-半胱氨酸5-50mg,更可取的是10-30mg。冻干制剂的溶液的pH首选调节至2-6,更可取的是调节至3-4,可用碱性氢氧化物如氢氧化钠及无机酸如盐酸作为pH值调节剂。
本发明将用以下参考实例进行详细描述,但本发明并不局限于此。
附图说明
图1.实例2中所得的结晶性马来酸氨柔比星的粉末X-射线衍射图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例更详细地解释本发明,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,并非限定本发明的实质。
实施例1:马来酸氨柔比星盐冻干粉的制备
在250ml反应瓶中,投入氨柔比星4.84g(10.0mmol),马来酸1.16g(10.0mmol),加入去离子水320ml,搅拌溶解,用微孔滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥,得冻干粉5.89g,收率98.2%。
实施例2:马来酸氨柔比星盐的制备
在2000ml反应瓶中,投入氨柔比星4.84g(10.0mmol),马来酸1.22g(10.5mmol),加入甲醇420ml,搅拌溶解,过滤,室温减压浓缩至浑浊有结晶析出,搅拌下滴加异丙醚240ml,逐渐析出大量桔红色结晶,然后在室温搅拌1小时,过滤,异丙醚洗,室温真空干燥,得桔红色结晶5.8g,收率96.7%。熔点:146.9~147.8℃。X-衍射图谱见图1。
实施例3:马来酸氨柔比星盐的制备
在2000ml反应瓶中,投入氨柔比星4.84g(10.0mmol),马来酸1.22g(10.5mmol),加入甲醇420ml,搅拌溶解,室温减压浓缩至浑浊有结晶析出,继续浓缩至有大量结晶析出,然后在室温搅拌1小时,过滤,少量甲醇洗涤,室温真空干燥,得桔红色结晶4.48g,收率74.7%。熔点:145.7~146.8℃。X-衍射图谱和实施例1产物相同。
实施例4:马来酸氨柔比星盐的制备
在2000ml反应瓶中,投入氨柔比星4.84g(10.0mmol),马来酸1.28g(11.0mol),加入甲醇420ml,搅拌溶解,室温减压浓缩至浑浊有结晶析出,搅拌下滴加丙酮320ml,然后浓缩至有大量结晶析出,再加入丙酮320ml,在室温搅拌1小时,过滤,少量丙酮洗涤,室温真空干燥,得桔红色结晶4.95g,收率82.5%。熔点:146.6~147.8℃。X-衍射图谱和实施例1产物相同。
制备参考例1:盐酸氨柔比星盐冻干粉的制备
在250ml反应瓶中,投入氨柔比星4.84g(10.6mmol),1N盐酸10.6ml(10.6mmol),加入去离子水200ml,搅拌溶解,用微孔滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥,得冻干粉5.07g,收率97.5%。
制备参考例2:盐酸氨柔比星盐的制备
在0°-5℃条件下,将盐酸氨柔比星冻干粉(2.15g)在水(20ml)中溶解,加入丙酮(14ml),然后加入乙酸(1.5ml),拌30分钟。在室温条件下,将反应混合物倾入丙酮(300ml)中,搅拌2小时。过滤收集结晶性沉淀,用丙酮洗涤得盐酸氨柔比星桔红色结晶。将所得结晶再次加入丙酮(300ml)和水(20ml),于室温条件下搅拌1小时。过滤收集桔红色结晶,用丙酮洗涤,并于室温减压干燥得盐酸氨柔比星结晶(1.74g),收率80.9%。
实施例5。马来酸氨柔比星盐酸盐和马来酸盐的稳定性比较
将制备参考例2所得的结晶性马来酸氨柔比星盐酸盐和实施例2所得的结晶性氨柔比星马来酸盐分别在25℃,40℃,60℃温度条件下考察其稳定性,结果见下表。
表2.结晶性马来酸氨柔比星和结晶性盐酸氨柔比星稳定性比较
实施例6:马来酸氨柔比星盐粉针剂的制备
氨柔比星马来酸盐    20g
乳糖                50g
盐酸半胱氨酸        3.2g
在无菌配料间里,称取配方量的乳糖置适当容器中,加注射用水2500ml,搅拌,使之溶解,加入马来酸氨柔比星盐搅拌溶解,加注射用水至3000ml,在无菌条件下,用0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤后分装,装量为每瓶3ml,冷冻干燥,加灭菌塞并轧外盖,即得。
实施例7:马来酸氨柔比星盐粉针剂的制备
氨柔比星马来酸盐    20g
甘露醇          25g
盐酸半胱氨酸    3.2g
在无菌配料间里,称取配方量的甘露醇置适当容器中,加注射用水2500ml,搅拌,使之溶解,加入氨柔比星马来酸盐搅拌溶解,加注射用水至3000ml,在无菌条件下,用0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤后分装,装量为每瓶3ml,冷冻干燥,加灭菌塞并轧外盖,即得。

Claims (10)

1.一种马来酸氨柔比星盐,其特征在于具有下列结构式:
Figure C2005100053570002C1
马来酸氨柔比星
2.根据权利要求1所述的氨柔比星马来酸盐,其特征在于其结晶粉末X-射线衍射图样的衍射角度(2θ)的平均值和相对强度为以下值。
3.一种制备如权利要求1的化合物的方法,该方法包括在0℃-60℃温度下,等摩尔量或适当过量的氨柔比星和马来酸在水或水溶性溶剂或混合溶剂中进行成盐反应,浓缩、混合溶剂析晶、晶型转化、过滤或冷冻干燥得到的氨柔比星马来酸盐。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备方法,其中所述的水溶性溶剂选自低级醇,丙酮,乙腈或其混合物,所述的非水溶性溶剂选自烃类、卤烃类溶剂或醚类溶剂或其混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其中所述的低级醇是甲醇,乙醇,丙醇或异丙醇;所述的醚类是乙醚或异丙醚。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其中所述的低级醇为甲醇,所述的醚类为异丙醚。
7.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其中在析晶步骤中的结晶温度为10℃-40℃。
8.一种用于抗肿瘤治疗的药物组合物,其含有权利要求1所示的化合物作为活性成分和药学上可接受的载体。
9.如权利要求8所述的药物组合物,其制剂形式为冻干粉针注射剂。
10.如权利要求1所述的化合物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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US4952566A (en) * 1987-08-05 1990-08-28 Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Stabilized anthracycline preparation containing L-cysteine

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