CN100395194C - Organism-ecology filtration system of purifying rain/sewage and operational method thereof - Google Patents

Organism-ecology filtration system of purifying rain/sewage and operational method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100395194C
CN100395194C CNB2005100958717A CN200510095871A CN100395194C CN 100395194 C CN100395194 C CN 100395194C CN B2005100958717 A CNB2005100958717 A CN B2005100958717A CN 200510095871 A CN200510095871 A CN 200510095871A CN 100395194 C CN100395194 C CN 100395194C
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wetland
ecological
rainwater
sewage
water
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CN1927737A (en
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单保庆
刘俊新
郭雪松
魏源送
赵建伟
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Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences of CAS
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Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of rain water/sewage treating environment engineering and ecological engineering technology, and is especially one rain water/sewage purifying biological and ecological filtering system and its operation process. The system consists of biofilters as environment engineering units and ecological filters as ecological engineering units. The biofilters can eliminate organic pollutant, ammonia nitrogen, suspended solid, etc from sewage and needs no aerator. The serially connected ecological filters have high treating effect, front settling tank to reduce the load of the subsequent ecological filters, and plant growing to further purify water. The present invention has the features of obvious water purifying effect, low running cost, environment friendship, water saving, etc. The treated rain water/sewage may be used in irrigation or for other purpose.

Description

Purify the organism-ecology filtration system and the method for rainwater and sewage
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize environment project and ecological engineering technology to handle the integrated technology of rainwater and sewage, particularly a kind of organism-ecology filtration system and method that purifies rainwater and sewage.
Background technology
City surface source pollution is the one of the main reasons that quality of water environment worsens.The pollution of area source in city from the time, source of pollution dischargings has discontinuity, the fine accumulation of pollutent, rainy day discharging; From pollutant kind, the city surface source pollution thing has total suspended matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD Cr, intestinal bacteria, petroleum hydrocarbon, heavy metal, agricultural chemicals etc., the factors such as development degree, economic activity type and resident's behavior in pollutant kind, discharging intensity and city are closely related, the natural background effect is very low.After point-source pollution was administered substantially, the storm runoff that is derived from cities and towns or other heavily contaminated districts had just become the main source of water pollution.
During the city surface source pollution discharging, a large amount of suspended substances enter the physics habitat that water body directly changes water body, reduce transparence, the alluvial water body.The excessive input of nutritive substance then causes the receiving water body eutrophication, makes algae or overgrowing such as noxious plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, causes the water body quality deteriorated.Pathogenic bacteria, petroleum hydrocarbon, heavy metal pollutant matter then can be poisoned hydrobiont, reduce the drinking-water quality resource and threaten human health.City surface source also can cause groundwater pollution, and the infringement urban look influences continuous development of society economy, is detrimental to health.
In pollution of area source, the special source of pollution of a class are arranged, have the pollution concentration height, the water yield is little, the water yield is stable and long-term discharging.These class source of pollution are some discrete points from big scale, have the feature in face source, present the point source feature on small scale.Because far away or be in want of funds from urban pipe network, these class source of pollution are discharging nearby generally, serious pollution water body.The general employing of these class source of pollution handled back reuse or discharging nearby, can reduce the investment of pipeline; Water is used for reuse, can also save water resources.The little point source higher to concentration generally adopts the environmental engineering facility to get final product.But adopt sewage treatment process to handle to the lower point source of Pollutant levels and can concentration hang down very difficult normal operation, the solvability that does not adopt biochemical treatment to be difficult to again remove is wherein polluted, again can be bad if directly adopt ecological method such as wetland to handle because of the too high effect of concentration, shorten the wetland life-span.
Many engineerings and control measures all can reduce pollution of area source effectively.American scholar (Novotny) proposes, and all measures that reduce rainwash and soil erosion all can reduce pollution of area source.Germany scientist (Bendorf) finds, the preposition storehouse of building on river-like reservoir can be reduced nutritive substances such as the silt that enters reservoir and phosphorus nitrogen effectively.The New Zealand scholar finds, the river bank buffer strip technology that is used for stablize the bank band for a long time can significantly reduce the area source pollutants that enters water body and load.Artificial and the natural wet land system of American scholar (Mitsch) discovery lakeside can be held in a large number and stay area source pollutants.
For the little point source in the face source, very ripe in environmental engineering research.Generally adopt biochemical method to handle to the higher point source of concentration.The point source lower to concentration generally adopts physico-chemical process to handle, and as filtration, coagulation, dosing air supporting method etc., handles logotype with biomembrane biochemistry, can improve treatment effect.
Wetland can be held in a large number and stay area source pollutants, but the ground floor space is big, and the unit surface processing power is low.
Filtration has the suspended substance removal in the water body effective, and equipment volume is little, power facility is simple, and operational management is convenient, and treat effluent influences characteristics such as little to the animals and plants in the water body, often is used in landscape water body is handled.But the conventional filtration method does not have removal effect substantially to the dissolubility pollutant in the water body, and dissolubility pollutant can be accumulated in water body.The BAF system is the pollutent that utilizes in the biomembrance process treating water, and solvability and non-solubility pollutent are all had good removal effect, but needs aerator, and energy consumption is big, and operational management is complicated and noise is big.And the surface water body Pollutant levels are very low, and microorganism is difficult for growth, make that the BAF operation is difficult.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of organism-ecology filtration system that purifies rainwater and sewage, and the approach of an efficient low-consume, resource utilization is provided for rainwater and sewage disposal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of purification rainwater of the organism-ecology filtration system that purifies rainwater and sewage and the method for sewage.
Ecological wetland in environmentally friendly rainwater of the present invention and the sewage purification and reuse technology utilizes front sedimentation tank to collect and stores near the rainwater of point source, reduce wetland unit time treatment capacity, can reduce the area of wetland, simultaneously can remove the most of pollutent in the water, prolong the working life of wetland.Utilize multistage wetland series connection, can improve and guarantee the removal efficient of wetland.
Biological filter in environmentally friendly rainwater of the present invention and the sewage purification and reuse technology is to utilize general filtering system, and water intake mode and filtrate are improved, and has the characteristics of BAF, can remove the dissolubility pollutant in the water body.
The organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage is to be combined by biological filter, environmental engineering unit and ecological engineering unit ecological wetland, it is characterized in that:
One first settling tank I is connected with ecological wetland IV by pipeline;
One second settling tank II is connected with biological filter III by pipeline, and biological filter III is connected with ecological wetland IV by pipeline;
Ecological wetland IV is connected with clean water basin V by pipeline.
Rainwater all is provided with the front sedimentation tank collection near point source sewage that concentration is lower and the point source; Utilize the microbial film that forms on the filtration of biological filter and the filtrate to handle lower concentration point source sewage, degradable organic pollutant is removed ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solid simultaneously effectively; Utilize the filtration of ecological wetland and the growth of plant to absorb the filter tank water outlet of further decontamination of biological; Pollutent in the storm runoff directly utilizes ecological wetland to handle; The treating water reuse or be used for the pouring.Biological filter and ecological wetland operation are throughout the year disposed of sewage, and progressively handle after unnecessary storm runoff of rainy day is collected.
The technical process of the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage is: after sewage at first enters second settling tank II precipitation removal part suspended particulate contaminants, enter biological filter III, in the biological filter, enter ecological wetland IV after filtration with after the biological degradation; Through the further filtration of ecological wetland and the absorption degraded of plant; Storm runoff at first enters the first settling tank I and collects, and slowly pumps into ecological wetland IV at the settling tank post precipitation and handles; Sewage after the processing or storm runoff are stored among the clean water basin V.
Biological filter III in the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage mainly is made up of unit such as filtrate, cloth pool, V-notch weir, filter plate, short-handled filter head, water inlet pipe, backwash tube, clear water collection tube, top cover, backwashing pump, sump pumps.
One filter plate is divided into packing area, following two districts, cloth pool with biological filter III; Filter plate is perforation plate (having aperture), at the aperture place of filter plate short-handled filter head is installed; Cloth pool below filter plate is equipped with clear water collection tube, backwash tube; The packing area of adorning above filter plate is filled with filtrate, is installed on the sidewall of biological filter III at a V-notch weir above the filtrate, and a water inlet pipe is installed in the top of V-notch weir.
Top cover is arranged at the top of described biological filter III, is provided with the observation ventilation hole on top cover.
The water inlet pipe of described biological filter III links to each other with sump pump, and sump pump is installed among the second settling tank II, and backwash tube links to each other with backwashing pump, and backwashing pump is installed among the clean water basin V; The other end of clear water collection tube is connected with waste pipe on the ecological wetland IV.
Filtrate is a ceramic grain filter in the described biological filter, water inlet pipe water outlet drop; Biological filter III can be arranged to one or more parallel connection as required.
Ecological wetland IV in the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage mainly is made of settling tank, wetland, waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe, wetland water inlet and outlet conduit, matrix, waterplant, rainwater pump, cement baffle etc.
By cement baffle ecological wetland IV is divided into wetland one, wetland two, wetland three and settling tank in ecological wetland IV, on the limit wall in the settling tank outside waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe is installed, the rainwater water inlet pipe is connected with rainwater pump among the first settling tank I; On another sidewall of ecological wetland IV, the pipeline that is connected with clean water basin V is installed.
Described wetland one, wetland two, wetland three series operations, the matrix of wetland from bottom to top by loam, peat, vermiculite, coarse sand, slag, cobble and geotextile in certain sequence landfill form, plantation has waterplant on matrix, wetland one, wetland two, three of wetlands have certain altitude poor, reduce gradually to wetland three from the wetland one adjacent with settling tank; Described waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe, the matrix at its aspect ratio wetland one top are slightly high.The wetland inlet tube and outlet tube is by high and low arrangement.
The pipeline of water flowing is installed on the described cement baffle, be the matrix top of the pipeline on the dividing plate of a sidewall of settling tank at wetland, pipeline between wetland one, the wetland two on the dividing plate is in the substrate base of wetland, pipeline between wetland two, the wetland three on the dividing plate is the substrate base of the pipeline on the dividing plate of ecological wetland IV one sidewall at wetland on the matrix top of wetland.
The method that the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage purifies rainwater and sewage is as follows:
Rainwater is respectively the first settling tank I, second settling tank II collection near point source sewage and the point source; Utilize the organic pollutant in the low point source of the microbial film concentration of treatment sewage that forms on the filtration of biological filter III and the filtrate, remove ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solid simultaneously; Utilize the filtration of ecological wetland IV and the growth of plant to absorb the biological filter water outlet of further purifying treatment; Pollutent in the storm runoff directly utilizes ecological wetland IV to handle; Water after the processing is collected reuse or is used for pouring by clean water basin V.Biological filter III and ecological wetland IV operation throughout the year dispose of sewage, and unnecessary storm runoff of rainy day is progressively handled after the first settling tank I collects.
The organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage purifies the concrete grammar of rainwater and sewage can be referring to Fig. 1~3:
Point source sewage promotes through sump pump 11 after the second settling tank II collects sedimentation, fall among the III of biological filter by water inlet pipe 6, after handling, filtrate district 1 enters cloth pool 2 by short-handled filter head 5, collect the back is entered ecological wetland by the waste pipe 16 of ecological wetland settling tank 12 through clear water collection tube 8, enter wetland 1 by wetland water inlet pipe 18, enter in the wetland 2 14 by bottom pipe 19 through filtering and absorbing the back, after wetland 2 14 upper pipe 20 are collected, enter the wetland 3 15, filter through over-wet land 3 15 and absorb to collect to enter among the clean water basin V through bottom wetland effluent pipe 21 after handling and store.Biological filter III carries out back flushing after operation for some time, turns off clear water collection tube 8 and sump pump 11 during back flushing earlier; Open backwashing pump 10 then, backwashing water enters cloth pool 2 through backwash tube 7, washes filtrate in 2 rectifications of cloth pool after enter the filtrate district by short-handled filter head 5; Backwashing water is discharged among the second settling tank II after V-notch weir 3 is collected.
Storm runoff is through the first settling tank I collecting precipitation, promoting process rainwater water inlet pipe 17 by rainwater pump 24 enters in the settling tank 12 of ecological wetland, through further post precipitation, enter in the wetland 1 via wetland water inlet pipe 18, enter in the wetland 2 14 by bottom pipe 19 through filtering and absorbing the back, after wetland 2 14 upper pipe 20 are collected, enter the wetland 3 15, after over-wet land 3 15 is filtered and absorbed processing, store through entering among the clean water basin V after 21 collections of bottom wetland effluent pipe.
The present invention combines the biological filter and is integrated into rainwater and sewage purification and reuse technology with ecological wetland, utilize the organic pollutant in the treating sewage by using biological membrane that forms on the filtration of biological filter and the filtrate, removes ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solid simultaneously; Utilize the filtration of ecological wetland and the growth of plant to absorb the filter tank water outlet of further decontamination of biological; Pollutent in the storm runoff directly utilizes ecological wetland to handle; Rainwater and sewage after handling are used for reuse or pouring.This not only can reduce pollution of area source, can also save water resources; Considering the urban look effect when designing simultaneously, this system is being adapted with surrounding enviroment, is a technology with development prospect.
The organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage has following advantage:
1, with environmental engineering and ecological engineering combination, utilize the main body of biological filter as the source sewage disposal of discrete type point, utilize ecological wetland to handle storm runoff and the further water outlet of processing biological filter.This integrated technology has advantages such as treatment effect is good, energy consumption is low, easy to operate.
But water resources has been saved in 2, sewage and the rainwater reuse after handling or be used for pouring.
3, utilize front sedimentation tank to collect rainwater and sewage, reduced the processing pressure of ecological engineering, saved construction investment.
4, measures such as inlet and drop and ceramic grain filter are adopted in the biological filter, make the biological filter have the function of removing insoluble pollutent and dissolubility pollutant simultaneously, and this biological filter does not need aerating system, has advantages such as energy consumption is low, noise is little; During design, adopt the mode of a plurality of little filter tank parallel connections, reduced the instantaneous water consumption of biological filter back flushing, reduced the requirement of biological filter auxiliary facility.
Be further described below in conjunction with the organism-ecology filtration system and the method thereof of drawings and Examples purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the synoptic diagram of the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage.
Fig. 2. the synoptic diagram of the biological filter of the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage.
Fig. 3. the synoptic diagram of the ecological wetland in the organism-ecology filtration system of purification rainwater of the present invention and sewage.
Reference numeral
I. the first settling tank II., the second settling tank III. biological filter
IV. ecological wetland V. clean water basin
1. filtrate 2. cloth pools 3. V-notch weirs
4. filter plate 5. short-handled filter heads 6. water inlet pipes
7. backwash tube 8. clear water collection tubes 9. top covers
10. backwashing pump 11. sump pumps 12. settling tanks
13. wetland one 14. wetlands 2 15. wetlands three
16. waste pipe 17. rainwater water inlet pipes 18. wetland water inlet pipes
19. bottom pipe 20. upper pipe 21. wetland effluent pipes
22. filler 23. waterplant 24. rainwater pumps
25. dividing plate
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
See also Fig. 1.System of the present invention is combined by biological filter, environmental engineering unit and ecological engineering unit ecological wetland.
One first settling tank I is connected with ecological wetland IV by pipeline; One second settling tank II is connected with biological filter III by pipeline, and biological filter III is connected with ecological wetland IV by pipeline; Ecological wetland IV is connected with clean water basin V by pipeline.
Biological filter III as shown in Figure 2, filtrate is a ceramic grain filter in the described biological filter; Ecological wetland IV as shown in Figure 3, dividing plate is a cement baffle.
With system of the present invention the sewage in elephant shop, zoological park, Wuhan is handled.
Elephant shop, zoological park, Wuhan is one of important view in this zoological park.2 of elephants have been raised in this shop, and feed is a green grass.Elephant shop every morning 8~9 cleanings feed room.Clean ight soil during cleaning earlier, transfer to transfer point, pull away, wash ground with tap water then, the directly outer Ma Canghu that enters of wash-down water by dumper; The animal drinking water groove replenishes all day, discharges about 5 tons/day altogether of the wash-down water and the animal drinking water overflow water water yields after the unnecessary water overflow with pipeline of wash-down water.
Next door, elephant shop is a slice hillside fields, enters Ma Canghu after the storm runoff on hillside fields and roof compiles.
Sewage mainly is elephant shop venue wash-down water.Flushing pollution concentration height in early stage, TSS:1000~1367mg/L, CODcr:728~100mg/L, TN:42.1~60mg/L, TP:8~13mg/L.Behind settling tank and tap water mixed diluting, Pollutant levels reduce, and the water quality that enters the biological filter is as follows: TSS:60~100mg/L, CODcr:40~70mg/L, TN:8~12mg/L, TP:0.5~1.0mg/L
The principal pollutant of storm runoff are suspended particles, utilize the water quality that enters ecological wetland after the settling tank sedimentation as follows: TSS:50~90mg/L, CODcr:120~200mg/L, TN:10~18mg/L, TP:0.2~0.8mg/L
At the water quality condition in elephant shop, adopted environmentally friendly rainwater of the present invention and sewage purification and reuse technology that the rainwater and the sewage in elephant shop are handled.Biological filter and ecological wetland move throughout the year, and wherein ecological wetland is also handled storm runoff.
Consider the view situation in zoological park, when design, ecological wetland is designed to half garden shape, plant bamboo grove around the biological filter, simultaneously the hillside fields is put in order, the plantation skiophilous plant.Near rainwater after the processing and sewage are used to water or enter the dried pool.
The result shows: front sedimentation tank, not only can collect rainwater and sewage, and also have the effect of pre-treatment and even water quality.
Biological filter Inlet and outlet water relatively: after system is stable after treatment nitrogen removal rate be 50~60%, the clearance of total phosphorus is 16~25%, COD CrClearance is 60~70%.The TSS clearance is 80~95%.The water outlet of biological filter is compared the sewage Inlet and outlet water of ecological wetland through the further processing of ecological wetland, and nitrogen removal rate is 50~60%, and the clearance of total phosphorus is 50~60%, because COD CrVery low with TSS concentration, clearance is not high, about 20%.
The Inlet and outlet water that compares the ecological wetland rainwater: nitrogen removal rate is 50~60%, and the clearance of total phosphorus is 25~40%, COD CrClearance is 60~70%, TSS clearance 80~90%.
Through the processing of ecological wetland and ecological wetland, the effluent quality of rain sewage is: COD CrMaintain below the 20mg/L, TN maintains below the 5mg/L, and TP maintains below the 0.2mg/L, and TSS maintains below the 10mg/L.
The environmentally friendly rainwater of this research and the engineering Application Research of sewage purification and reuse technology are shown: This system has the characteristics such as obvious processing effect, energy consumption are low, environmental friendliness.

Claims (9)

1. an organism-ecology filtration system that purifies rainwater and sewage is to be combined by biological filter, environmental engineering unit and ecological engineering unit ecological wetland, it is characterized in that:
One first settling tank (I) is connected with ecological wetland (IV) by pipeline;
One second settling tank (II) is connected with biological filter (III) by pipeline, and biological filter (III) is connected with ecological wetland (IV) by pipeline;
Ecological wetland (IV) is connected with clean water basin (V) by pipeline.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described biological filter (III) is one or more parallel connection.
3. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described biological filter (III) mainly is made of filtrate, cloth pool, V-notch weir, filter plate, short-handled filter head, water inlet pipe, backwash tube, clear water collection tube unit;
One filter plate is divided into packing area, following two districts, cloth pool with biological filter (III); Filter plate is a perforation plate, in the through hole of filter plate short-handled filter head is installed; Cloth pool below filter plate is equipped with clear water collection tube, backwash tube; The packing area of adorning above filter plate is filled with filtrate, is installed on the sidewall of biological filter (III) at a V-notch weir above the filtrate, and a water inlet pipe is installed in the top of V-notch weir.
4. according to the system of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the water inlet pipe of described biological filter (III) links to each other with sump pump, and sump pump is installed in second settling tank (II), and backwash tube links to each other with backwashing pump, and backwashing pump is installed in the clean water basin (V); The other end of clear water collection tube is connected with waste pipe on the ecological wetland (IV).
5. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: top cover is arranged at the top of described biological filter (III), is provided with the observation ventilation hole on top cover.
6. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: top cover is arranged at the top of described biological filter (III), is provided with the observation ventilation hole on top cover.
7. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ecological wetland (IV) mainly is made of settling tank, wetland, waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe, wetland water inlet and outlet conduit, matrix, waterplant, rainwater pump, dividing plate;
In ecological wetland (IV), ecological wetland (IV) is divided into wetland one, wetland two, wetland three and settling tank by dividing plate; On the limit wall in the settling tank outside waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe are installed, the rainwater water inlet pipe is connected with the rainwater pump; The pipeline that is connected with clean water basin (V) is installed on another sidewall of ecological wetland (IV);
Described wetland one, wetland two, wetland three series operations, the matrix of wetland from bottom to top by loam, peat, vermiculite, coarse sand, slag, cobble and geotextile in order landfill form, plantation has a waterplant on matrix; Reduce gradually to wetland three from the wetland one adjacent with settling tank; Described waste pipe, rainwater water inlet pipe, the matrix height at its aspect ratio wetland top;
The pipeline of water flowing is installed on the described dividing plate, be the matrix top of the pipeline on the dividing plate of a sidewall of settling tank at wetland, pipeline between wetland one, the wetland two on the dividing plate is in the substrate base of wetland, pipeline between wetland two, the wetland three on the dividing plate is the substrate base of the pipeline on the dividing plate of ecological wetland (IV) sidewall at wetland on the matrix top of wetland.
8. system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described rainwater water inlet pipe is connected with rainwater pump in first settling tank (I).
9. method according to each described system purification rainwater of claim 1~8 and sewage is characterized in that: rainwater is respectively first settling tank (I) near point source sewage and the point source, second settling tank (II) is collected; Utilize the organic pollutant in the low point source of the microbial film concentration of treatment sewage that forms on the filtration of biological filter (III) and the filtrate, remove ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solid simultaneously; Utilize the filtration of ecological wetland (IV) and the growth of plant to absorb further removal biological filter water outlet; Pollutent in the storm runoff directly utilizes ecological wetland (IV) to handle; Water after the processing is collected by clean water basin (V).
CNB2005100958717A 2005-09-06 2005-09-06 Organism-ecology filtration system of purifying rain/sewage and operational method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN100395194C (en)

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