CN100386192C - 多重挤出机装置 - Google Patents

多重挤出机装置 Download PDF

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CN100386192C
CN100386192C CNB028243978A CN02824397A CN100386192C CN 100386192 C CN100386192 C CN 100386192C CN B028243978 A CNB028243978 A CN B028243978A CN 02824397 A CN02824397 A CN 02824397A CN 100386192 C CN100386192 C CN 100386192C
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double screw
extruder
homodromal
reverse rotation
screw extruder
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CN1599658A (zh
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赖因哈德·乌普夫
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KraussMaffei Berstorff GmbH
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/485—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with three or more shafts provided with screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29B7/487—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for feeding, discharging, mixing
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/252—Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种多重挤出机装置，其中两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机与一个反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机按照流向相互连接。

Description

多重挤出机装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用双螺杆挤出机的多重挤出机装置。
背景技术
在混合加工中存在有多种过程，这些过程或者是限制转矩的或者是限制停留时间的。
例如对于限制转矩的过程：连续混合橡胶混合物。在此双螺杆挤出机的转速必需保持尽可能地低速，因为否则由于混合物的高度粘滞性通过机械损耗在混合物中产生温度问题。在这种低转速和所承受产量的情况下在螺杆轴上产生的转矩当然是非常高的。通常对于恒定的产量使转速高到使转矩低于最大允许转矩。但是由此又增加物质温度。
例如对于限制停留时间的过程：使含硅酸的橡胶混合物连续地硅烷化或者使全交联的热塑硫化橡胶(TPE-V)动态硫化。在两个过程中在通过双螺杆挤出机挤出期间产生一种化学反应，它要求一定的停留时间(取决于许用的平均物质温度)。对于双螺杆挤出机的设备长度由于随着长度增加的轴的绝对扭转在约60D时规定一个极限值。较长的长度意味着增加磨损。
此外还总是探索，将最终混合的混合物在相同的工作步骤中通过喷嘴成形和/或通过叠筛挤压以便筛出较粗的颗粒。这两者都意味着产生相当大的压力。尽管同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机非常适合于混合工艺，但是由于其较低的泵效率只能非常有限地建立适当高的压力。对于高粘滞的混合物通过损耗形成非常多的热量。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，实现一种多重挤出机装置，它一方面对于限制停留时间的过程允许一个长的平均停留时间，另一方面对于限制转矩的过程能够相对于螺杆长度实现一种高的转矩。同时充分利用同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的良好混合特性以及反向双螺杆挤出机的突出的压力产生能力。
按照本发明这个目的由此得以实现，将两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机与一个反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机按照流向相互连接。
按照本发明的第一扩展结构，两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机和反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机串联地设置。通过这种方法可以使每个螺杆长度上的转矩或停留时间翻番。而后置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机用来作为压力产生装置。
按照本发明的第二扩展结构，两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机相互平行地设置，其中螺杆对可以具有相同或相反的旋转方向，并且一个用于产生压力的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机设置在两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机之后。
在此各螺杆对的各一个具有不同旋转方向的螺杆轴可以延长并过渡到一个后置的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴，使得其螺杆轴反向旋转。
对于这种多重挤出机装置，可以使用一个驱动装置，它具有四根输出轴，它们与同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴连接。
但是，也可以使用一个具有六根输出轴的驱动装置，它单独驱动螺杆轴。
但是在一种这样多重挤出机装置中，也可以在螺杆轴的端部分别配置齿轮，它们这样相互啮合，使同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴驱动反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴。
在此总设置共六个齿轮的布置是有利的，由此使双螺杆挤出机的齿轮分别与后置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴上的一个齿轮啮合并使它们相互啮合。
附图说明
下面通过实施例详细描述本发明。
图1多重挤出机装置的示意图；
图2图1多重挤出机装置的透视图；
图3图1多重挤出机装置的一种扩展结构的透视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出一个多重挤出机装置，其中两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机1、2平行且上下地设置。待挤出的材料在3处输送到上挤出机1中。在将材料通过第一挤出机1挤出之后，将材料输送到第二挤出机2并最终到达由对旋转子构成的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机4里面。
在图2和3中示出与图1实施例一样的待挤出材料的流动过程。在此仅示出不同的驱动方式，其中在图2中同向旋转的挤出机2和3的螺杆轴由一个未示出的驱动装置的四个驱动轴驱动。通过设置在各螺杆轴端部上的齿轮5驱动另两个齿轮6，它们本身过渡到后置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机4的螺杆轴7。
在图3的扩展结构中，驱动装置作用于齿轮5，它们同样通过齿轮6驱动后置的双螺杆挤出机4的螺杆轴。与图2的扩展结构不同的是，反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的驱动轴平行于同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆对导引。在此齿轮6可以相互啮合或不啮合。
在图3的扩展结构中，驱动装置也可以作用于齿轮6，它们通过齿轮5驱动螺杆挤出机2、3的螺杆轴。在这种情况下，通过两个驱动轴实现驱动。

Claims (8)

1.一种多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，用于混合待挤出材料的两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机与一个作为压力产生装置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机按照流向相互连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，所述两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机和反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机串联地设置。
3.如权利要求1所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，所述两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机相互平行地设置，其中螺杆对可以具有相同或相反的旋转方向，并且所述作为压力产生装置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机设置在两个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机之后。
4.如权利要求3所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的各螺杆对的各一个具有不同旋转方向的螺杆轴分别延长并过渡到后置的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴，使得该后置的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴反向旋转。
5.如权利要求4所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，设有一个驱动装置，它具有四根输出轴，所述四根输出轴分别与同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的各螺杆轴连接。
6.如权利要求3所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，设有一个具有六根输出轴的驱动装置，使得各螺杆轴可以单独驱动。
7.如权利要求3所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，分别在螺杆轴的端部上设置齿轮，这些齿轮这样相互啮合，使同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴驱动反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴。
8.如权利要求7所述的多重挤出机装置，其特征在于，总共设有六个齿轮，这些齿轮这样相互啮合，使得一个同向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的齿轮分别与后置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴上的一个齿轮啮合并且在后置的反向旋转的双螺杆挤出机的螺杆轴上的两个齿轮相互啮合。
CNB028243978A 2001-12-07 2002-12-05 多重挤出机装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100386192C (zh)

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