CN100382221C - Blowing breaker - Google Patents
Blowing breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100382221C CN100382221C CNB2005100521796A CN200510052179A CN100382221C CN 100382221 C CN100382221 C CN 100382221C CN B2005100521796 A CNB2005100521796 A CN B2005100521796A CN 200510052179 A CN200510052179 A CN 200510052179A CN 100382221 C CN100382221 C CN 100382221C
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- Prior art keywords
- groove
- blast pipe
- hot gas
- abb
- thermal current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
- H01H33/7046—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
To enhance the insulation resistance of a heat gas induction system as a whole efficiently by cooling a hot gas flow effectively, while taking into consideration an electric field constitution in addition to the temperature and the density of the hot gas flow which flows in the periphery of an exhaust tube and a hollow rod to guide hot gas. In the exhaust tube 100, at least 4 rows or more of grooves 110 are formed extended in succession in a direction intersecting with the flow direction (advance direction) of the hot gas flow 30a. A groove pitch P is formed to become one fourth or more of a groove depth H. When C is a range allowable for the formation the grooves 110 in the flow direction of the hot gas flow, a distance L between the groove range C and the termination end 101 is formed to become 5% or more of the inner diameter D of the tube 100. The cross sectional face of the tip 111 of a barrier rib that partitions between the rows of the grooves 110 is formed as sharp as possible, concretely to become 5 mm or less in its radius.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ABB, it blows to a kind of arc extinguishing gases the electric arc that results between the contact so that electric arc is blown out when current interruptions, and will transmit along direction because of blowing out the hot gas that electric arc produced away from two contacts, especially relate to a kind of ABB, it has a kind of improved structure, so that improve the dielectric strength of the channel part that a heat supply gas stream crosses.
Background technology
As a kind of in power-supply system the circuit breaker of On/Off circuit, there is one type to be widely used, wherein, an airtight container of being made by a kind of grounded metal, porcelain insulator or analog is equipped with a kind of arc-extinguishing medium, and it blows to this arc-extinguishing medium the electric arc that results between the contact so that electric arc is blown out when current interruptions.Particularly, a kind of SF
6ABB has become main flow, and it uses SF
6Gas is as arc-extinguishing medium, and it utilizes a piston machine ground compression SF
6Gas is to blow to electric arc with this gas when the current interruptions.
And, a kind of ABB has been proposed, it is except SF
6Use air as arc-extinguishing medium outside the gas, various ABB use certain place of gas to replace SF
6Gas, and SF
6Gas has high Global Greenhouse Effect.In this manual, use various arc extinguishing gases such as SF
6With air all circuit breakers, all be collectively referred to as ABB as arc-extinguishing medium.
Figure 13 shows a kind of example of cross-sectional structure sketch of traditional ABB, and is illustrated in the state at a kind of intermittence in the current interruptions operation.Each assembly among Figure 13 has a coaxial cylinder form basically.As shown in figure 13, a casing 1 that becomes a grounded metal container is equipped with a kind of arc extinguishing gases 2, such as SF
6Gas.And then in casing 1, be provided with a movable contact portion 10, and it moves in the axial direction with respect to casing 1, and divides 20 towards a fixed contact, and this fixed contact divides 20 to be fixed on the precalculated position with respect to casing 1.
In addition, movable contact portion 10 and fixed contact divide the 20 fixed arc contacts 21 that are respectively equipped with a columniform movable arc contact 11 and a rod, and this fixed arc contact 21 will be inserted into a hollow space of movable arc contact 11.When using operation, two arc contacts 11 and 21 mutual Mechanical Contact, and form a kind of conducted state.When current interruptions was operated, arc contact 11 and 21 was separated from each other by relative motion, had produced a kind of conductive electric arc that has in the space between arc contact 11 and 21.
In addition,, be provided with an air-flow and produce mechanism, be used for arc extinguishing gases 2 is blowed to electric arc 3 as a kind of air-flow in a side of movable contact portion 10.This mechanism comprises a piston 12, it is fixed on the precalculated position with respect to casing 1, a cylinder body 13, it is with respect to piston 12 relative motions, an air blowing chamber 14, it is formed between piston 12 and the cylinder body 13, and an insulation nozzle 15, and it is fixed on the top of cylinder body 13 in the mode around the top of movable arc contact 11.
In addition, movable contact portion 10 divides 20 to be respectively equipped with a hollow stem 16 and a blast pipe 22 with fixed contact, they are made of metal, and be hot gas or hot gas (hot gas hereinafter referred to as) conduction device, be used to conduct because of with arc contact 11 and direction that 21 separate on arc extinguishing gases 2 is blowed to the hot gas that electric arc 3 is produced.Here, the blast pipe 22 that is made of metal is cylindrical members, and it is arranged on the back of fixed arc contact 21.In blast pipe 22, be about to thermal current 30a in such a way and be delivered to a fixation side, promptly be formed with a hot-gas channel, hot gas is to divide 20 side to flow from electric arc 3 at fixed contact.The hollow stem 16 that is made of metal is cylindrical members, its in the axial direction linear extension to movable arc contact 11.In hollow stem 16, be about to thermal current 30b in such a way and be delivered to a movable side, promptly be formed with a hot-gas channel, hot gas is to flow in the side of movable contact portion 10 from electric arc 3.
Next, will the current interruptions operation of traditional ABB with said structure be described.At first, movable contact portion 10 moves on the left direction of drawing, and this is one and divides 20 directions of separating with fixed contact.Then, be fixed to the piston compression air blowing chamber 14 on the casing 1, this chamber is to form in the inner space of cylinder body 13, and the pressure of rising air blowing chamber 14.As a result, the arc extinguishing gases 2 in the air blowing chamber 14 is used as a kind of high pressure draught and imports to insulation nozzle 15, and blows to the electric arc 3 that results between arc contact 11 and 21 strong.Thereby the conduction electric arc 3 that results between arc contact 11 and 21 is blown out, and electric current is interrupted.
In this current interruptions process, the arc extinguishing gases 2 that blows to electric arc 3 with high temperature is become a kind of low-density hot gas that at high temperature has, and is directed away from space between arc contact 11 and 21 at the thermal current 30a of fixation side and the movable thermal current 30b of side.The thermal current 30a of fixation side is directed in the blast pipe 22, and is cooled to a certain temperature in the blast pipe 22.The thermal current 30a of fixation side is discharged into a free space of casing 1 internal fixation contact portion 20 outsides by the end 23 from blast pipe 22.In this case, blast pipe 22 imports casing 1 with the thermal current 30a of fixation side, and constitutes a hot gas transmission system and divide the dielectric strength of 20 1 sides to descend to prevent fixed contact.
In addition, the thermal current 30b of movable side is directed into along in the described hollow stem 16 of movable arc contact 11 extensions.Afterwards, although do not illustrate here, the thermal current 30b of movable side is at last by being discharged in the free space of movable contact portion 10 outsides in the casing 1 such as the several steam vents that are located on the piston 12.Usually, cylinder body 13 has a kind of like this structure, wherein can steam vent be set, and according to ambient conditions, described hole is set on the exhaust pathway on the movable side.Hollow stem 16 is transferred to the thermal current 30b of movable side in the space of casing 1, and constitutes a hot gas transmission system to prevent the dielectric strength decline of movable contact portion 10 1 sides.
It should be noted that, the thermal current 30a that flows through the fixation side of blast pipe 22 has the direction identical with the air-flow that is blown to electric arc 3, thereby flow velocity is greater than the flow velocity of the thermal current 30b of movable side, the latter's direction is opposite with the direction of the air-flow that is blown to electric arc 3, and the heat that air-flow 30a is comprised is also big usually.Thereby, comparing with movable side, the thermal current 30a of fixation side need be cooled off more.As a result, under many situations, the diameter of blast pipe 22 is just greater than the diameter of hollow stem 16.
In addition, in recent years, above-mentioned ABB trends towards being miniaturized with for the space of saving the installation region and reduce cost.On the other hand, when the used material of circuit breaker reduced, just the minimizing to the global environment load produced very big influence.And from the viewpoint of environmental protection, to making the ABB miniaturization have very strong social demand.In this case, the miniaturization of ABB is fast-developing, and the size of casing 1 and blast pipe 22 also trends towards being reduced with miniaturization greatly.
Yet when blast pipe 22 during by miniaturization simply, the volume that is used to cool off the fixation side thermal current 30a that results between arc contact 11 and 21 just must reduce.On the other hand, the thermal current 30a of fixation side arrives the 23 needed times of end of blast pipe 22, is used for just that the needed time of heat of cooling air-flow 30a has also shortened in blast pipe 22.Thereby thermal current 30a is just discharged from the end 23 of blast pipe 22 with higher temperature easily.
On the other hand, after the electric current of power-supply system is interrupted, because because of the instantaneous recovery voltage that transient produced of power-supply system is applied on the blast pipe 22, the electromotive force that blast pipe 22 has is higher than standard value.When casing 1 was miniaturized, the distance between casing 1 with grounded metal and blast pipe 22 must reduce, thereby trended towards becoming bigger in the electric field strength of the end 23 of blast pipe 22.
To summarize this respect.When traditional ABB was miniaturized, after the electric current of power-supply system was interrupted, it is big that the electric field strength of the end 23 of blast pipe 22 just becomes.And the temperature of the thermal current 30a that is discharged also raises easily.At this, be set as when constant when gas pressure usually, dielectric breakdown takes place under higher electric field strength easily.When gas temperature was higher, dielectric breakdown was with easier generation.In other words, ABB is being carried out in the minimized process, the dielectric strength of the end 23 of blast pipe 22 is lowered, and is easy to take place the accident (this phenomenon hereinafter will be called as " earth fault ") of dielectric breakdown between end 23 and casing 1.
Should be noted that under the situation that ABB is miniaturized above divide the dielectric strength of 20 1 sides to descend to fixed contact and be described, the phenomenon that dielectric strength descends takes place in movable contact portion 10 1 sides too.In other words, when the further miniaturization of ABB, by the same token, be arranged at hot gas discharge portion on the movable contact portion 10 and the dielectric strength between the casing 1 descends easily at one, and on movable contact portion 10, described earth fault take place easily also.
In addition, as mentioned above, in recent years, people have also proposed a kind of like this ABB, wherein, a certain place of gas are used as the SF that arc-extinguishing medium has high Global Greenhouse Effect with replacement
6Know that the dielectric strength of the place of gas of suggestion is lower than SF usually
6The dielectric strength of gas.Thereby, when under a kind of alternative ABB is being considered the situation of environment, constructing, just be difficult to avoid the decline of dielectric strength and thereby cause the generation of earth fault phenomenon.As a result, just there is a kind of worry, causes the volume of casing 1 to enlarge.
In addition, above with reference to the accompanying drawings 13 pairs adopt the example of the ABB of grounded metal containers 1 to be described, but adopt a kind of insulating material also to exist such as the ABB of porcelain insulator sealing.In this ABB, earth fault can not take place for the ground connection casing.Yet, when porcelain insulator and corresponding assembly are exposed to because of having of interrupting that big electric current produces, in the time of very in the thermal current of high-temperature, just taken place such as shortcomings such as the damage of assembly and dissolvings, need cooling hot gas apace.
Should be noted that the example according to the most general a kind of ABB is described conventional art, wherein, a contact is fixed, and another contact is driven, referring to Figure 13.In recent years, also proposed a kind of ABB, wherein, the contact portion that is positioned at opposite side is side by side driven relatively.This ABB exists dielectric strength to descend also thereby the problem that causes the earth fault phenomenon to take place equally.
In a kind of technology that is used for addressing the above problem, such as, in the Japanese patent gazette 8-124464 of KOKAI, put down in writing, thereby propose, on the inner surface of a blast pipe, form ridge/slot part.Figure 14 and 15 shows a kind of traditional structure of this blast pipe.Figure 14 shows a kind of situation, be formed with annular gauffer 41 vertically continuously with as described ridge/slot part on the inner surface of blast pipe 22, and Figure 15 shows a kind of situation, is formed with a helicla flute 42 on the inner surface of blast pipe 22.According to this communique, describe, adopt this structure, flow under the situation of inside of blast pipe that its inside is formed with ridge/slot part at thermal current 30a, compare with above-mentioned thermal current 30a, a kind of have lower temperature thereby have greater density and the gas of viscosity is involved in the ridge/slot part of described inner surface in a kind of concentrated mode.Also describe, have described gas that big density just has a high dielectric strength flow into blast pipe 22 inner surface near, and can avoid the dielectric strength of this part to descend.
In addition, the described function of above-mentioned communique only is based on the obviously explanation of the influence of air-flow being done with regard to the ridge/rooved face of this gas passage qualitatively.In this communique, concrete structure is uncertain, such as concrete layout, size, the shape of ridge/slot part, and with the relation of the size/shape of blast pipe 22.Thereby, be used to obtain the not description of concrete structure of abundant function.In other words, when ridge/slot part simply is located on the inner surface of blast pipe 22, just is difficult to only to make near blast pipe 22 inner surfaces gas stream to cross and prevents that fully the dielectric strength of this part from descending with high insulation resistance.
And, in above-mentioned communique, being described to, blast pipe 22 is applied in a high electric field, but the temperature and the density that flow through the hot gas of blast pipe 22 only were considered.In above-mentioned communique, do not consider concrete electric field structure around blast pipe 22, equally from this respect, thereby the very difficult decline that prevents dielectric strength fully.In other words, this dielectric strength is to be determined by that part of electric field strength that the temperature of hot gas and density and this thermal current flow through.Such as, with regard to the condition of the identical gas pressure and the voltage that applies, be present at the gas of low temperature under the situation of a part with high electric field strength, a kind of possibility that just exists dielectric strength oppositely to descend, rather than be present at the gas of high temperature under the situation of a part with low electric field strength.In other words,, only consider that the temperature of thermal current and density are inadequate, also need to consider electric field structure when the dielectric strength of the whole hot gas transmission system that raising is comprised described blast pipe 22 and described airtight container 1 during as purpose.And from this aspect, in the described technology of above-mentioned communique, the raising of dielectric strength not necessarily therefore.
In addition, in the described technology of above-mentioned communique, any hot gas in movable contact portion 10 1 side flow is not as shown in figure 13 described, thereby can not be prevented the decline of the dielectric strength of movable contact portion 10 1 sides.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the described problem in the above-mentioned conventional art, the present invention is proposed.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of small-sized ABB, based on a kind of detailed cooling body, it is heat of cooling air-flow and improve the dielectric strength of whole hot gas transmission system effectively effectively, and, also consider electric field structure except considering to be used to transmitting hot gas or flowing through the temperature and density of blast pipe of hot gas of a hollow stem.And, owing to described a kind of concrete structure, will provide a kind of small-sized ABB that still has high reliability.
According to the present invention, to achieve these goals, a kind of ABB is provided, wherein, inner surface that is used to transmit the pipe fitting of hot gas is provided with at least four row or multiple row groove more, described groove extends on the direction that a flow direction with hot gas intersects, thereby, considering electric field structure and flowing through the temperature of hot gas of this pipe fitting and during density that this ABB is heat of cooling air-flow and improve the dielectric strength of whole hot gas transmission system effectively effectively.
The present invention at first relates to a kind of ABB, and it has certain basic structure.Structure according to ABB of the present invention is as follows.At first, an airtight container is filled with a kind of arc extinguishing gases, and one first contact portion is configured to towards one second contact portion.Here, described first and second contact portions are respectively equipped with one first arc contact and one second arc contact.These two contacts form a kind of contact conducted state when using operation, and are disconnected by relative motion when current interruptions is operated.And electric arc is to produce in the space between contact.First contact portion is provided with an air-flow and produces mechanism, is used for described arc extinguishing gases is blowed to described electric arc.In addition, first and second contact portions are provided with a hot gas transport sector, are used for arc extinguishing gases is blowed to hot gas that electric arc produces transmitting respectively with on the direction that two contacts separate produce mechanism because of described air-flow.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the described ABB with this structure has following feature.In other words, this circuit breaker comprises a pipe fitting, as at least one the hot gas transport sector in first and second contact portions.And, on the inner surface of this pipe fitting, being provided with at least four row or multiple row groove more continuously along the flow direction of hot gas, described groove extends on the direction that a flow direction with hot gas intersects.
According to the present invention, higher and have the end of the high likelihood that directly is exposed to the elevated temperature heat air-flow in electric field ratio, near the end of described blast pipe or hollow stem, gas temperature can greatly be reduced.Thereby the dielectric strength of appropriate section can be enhanced.Thereby except the temperature and density of the hot gas that flows around blast pipe or hollow stem, the electric field structure of blast pipe or hollow stem also has been considered.And from these two kinds of viewpoints, thermal current is cooled off effectively, and the dielectric strength of whole hot gas transmission system can be improved effectively.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, thermal current is cooled off effectively, and the dielectric strength of whole hot gas transmission system can be improved effectively, be based on a kind of detailed cooling body, and except the temperature and density of the hot gas of considering to flow through blast pipe or hollow stem, also consider electric field structure.According to the present invention, at least four row or multiple row groove more are set on the inner surface of a described blast pipe that is used to transmit or conduct hot gas or hollow stem, described groove extends on the direction that a flow direction with hot gas intersects.Adopt this structure, a kind of small-sized and ABB that have high reliability just can be provided.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is a cross sectional representation, and the part of blast pipe of a kind of ABB of first embodiment of the invention is shown;
Figure 1B is the enlarged drawing of the part of Figure 1A;
Fig. 2 is an analysis chart, is illustrated in the example of the temperature simulation result under the situation that a model to the ABB of first embodiment carries out numerical analysis, according to two dimension rotation symmetric shape air-flow is analyzed;
Fig. 3 is one and measures chart, is illustrated in and utilizes a kind of SF with metal cabinet shape that is used for high-tension especially power-supply system
6ABB is carried out under the situation of actual measurement an example of measurement result to the dielectric strength of the end of a kind of traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe and a kind of blast pipe of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an analysis diagram, simulate and illustrate when on the blast pipe inner surface shown in Figure 2 when the formed groove quantity of hot-gas channel changes the relation of hot gas temperature;
Fig. 5 A to 5E is an explanatory, and the groove cross section shape when the relationship change between further groove pitch P embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and the depth of groove H is shown;
Fig. 6 is an analysis diagram, and the size relationship according to the groove of blast pipe end is shown, by electric field strength being changed an example that carries out the resulting analysis result of analysis of electric field;
Fig. 7 A is a cross sectional representation, and a kind of structure of another embodiment of the present invention is shown, and wherein the shape of the groove of blast pipe shown in Figure 1 is changed;
Fig. 7 B is the enlarged drawing of the part of Fig. 7 A;
Fig. 8 A is a cross sectional representation, and an embodiment more of the present invention is shown, and wherein the shape of the groove of blast pipe shown in Figure 1 is changed;
Fig. 8 B is the enlarged drawing of the part of Fig. 8 A;
Fig. 9 is a cross sectional representation, and an also embodiment of the present invention is shown, and wherein the shape of the groove of blast pipe shown in Figure 1 is changed;
Figure 10 is a cross sectional representation, and the top of the blast pipe of ABB according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Figure 11 is a cross sectional representation, and the top of the blast pipe of ABB according to yet another embodiment of the invention is shown;
Figure 12 A is a cross-sectional structure figure, and the also ABB of an embodiment is shown according to the present invention;
Figure 12 B is a sketch, and the cross-sectional structure of part X-X shown in Figure 12 A is shown;
Figure 13 is a cross-sectional structure figure, and a kind of example of traditional ABB is shown;
Figure 14 is a cross sectional representation, and an example of the blast pipe of above-mentioned traditional ABB is shown;
Figure 15 is a cross sectional representation, and another example of the blast pipe of above-mentioned traditional ABB is shown.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to 12B ABB of the present invention is described in detail.Should be noted that from simplifying the viewpoint of describing and consider that the parts identical with above-mentioned conventional art are identified with identical Reference numeral.
1. first embodiment
[1-1. structure]
Figure 1A is a cross sectional representation, and the head portion according to the blast pipe of a kind of ABB of first embodiment of the invention is shown.In Figure 1A, only illustrate in this ABB a fixed contact divide 20 blast pipe 100 an end 101 near.Other structure of the ABB of not shown present embodiment is identical with structure shown in Figure 13.Figure 1A shows the state when the current interruptions operation of a power-supply system.More particularly, Figure 1A shows a kind of state, wherein the electric arc that between contact as shown in figure 13, produces by a kind of arc extinguishing gases such as SF
6Blow out, the thermal current 30a that is produced flows into blast pipe 100, and from the end 101 free spaces that are discharged in the casing 1.
On the inner surface of blast pipe 100, be provided with a concave part 110, wherein a plurality of groove 110G extend on a direction of intersecting along the flow direction (flow direction) of the central axis E of blast pipe 100 with thermal current 30a, and these grooves are provided with on flowing to mutually continuously.As for the quantity of groove 110G, as mentioned below, at least four row or multiple row groove more are set.It is homogeneous that the shape of groove 110G there is no need.Yet Figure 1B illustrates a kind of state, and each has pitch P, depth H wherein said a plurality of groove 110G, and is formed the isosceles triangle cross section equably.From simplifying the viewpoint of drawing, Figure 1B illustrates a kind of state, and wherein, annular groove 110G extends on vertical with the flow direction of a thermal current 30a basically direction, and these grooves are provided with continuously on flowing to and adjacent groove contacts each other.On the inner surface of blast pipe 100, described multiple row groove 110G is formed one " bellows form " generally continuously.
Should be noted that groove 110G there is no need necessarily to form annular shape.Can think that groove is formed spiral-shaped and is arranged in such a way, promptly make it to have short distance between circle (row), these shapes can partly be adopted, and perhaps shape can combination in any.In other words, in the configuration aspects of the blast pipe 100 of present embodiment, its essence is to form at least four row or multiple row groove 110G more, and they extend on the direction of intersecting with the flow direction of thermal current, and others can be carried out suitable change.
In the blast pipe shown in Figure 1A and the 1B 100, groove can also form by this way, promptly notching joint apart from P be depth of groove H 1/4 or bigger, in other words, represent by following relational expression:
P≥H/4
In addition, the scope of supposing setting groove 110G is to be length C on the flow direction of thermal current, then the distance L between the top of the end 101 of the outer end of the scope C of groove and blast pipe 100 is set by this way, promptly this distance L be blast pipe 100 inside diameter D 5% or bigger, represented as following relational expression:
L≥0.05·D。
In addition, in order to the cross sectional shape at the partition wall top (partition wall tipportion) 111 of the row of dividing grooves 110G by strict restrictions such as processing methods, but preferably be formed sharp keen as much as possible.Usually, be difficult to form this sharp keen shape by casting.Even in this case, the section radius R at partition wall top 111 is formed 5mm or littler, shown in the enlarged drawing of Figure 1B.
[1-2. effect]
Below, will be based on by numerical analysis method and utilize the check experience of actual ABB to simulate the result who obtains, the effect of the ABB of present embodiment with said structure is described.
[1-2-1. basic role]
Figure 1B is an enlarged drawing, and near the mobility status the tip of blast pipe 100 inside groove when central axis E flows as thermal current 30a is shown.When arc extinguishing, when thermal current 30a flow through groove 110G tip 111A, 11B top and when flowing to the end 101 of blast pipe 100, at tip 111A, 111B place takes place turbulent.Because turbulent flow, clockwise and the vortex arising of the hot gas that rotates counterclockwise in such as near the 111A of the tip of thermal current 30a.Because normal temperature that exists in this eddy current, concave part or room temperature air 2 rise in thermal current 30a one sideway swivel, and this gas mixes in this zone apace mutually.Thereby the temperature of thermal current 30a descends, and its dielectric strength is recovered.
Fig. 2 is an analysis chart, and the example of an analysis result is shown when ABB shown in Figure 1 is carried out numerical analysis under situation about air-flow being analyzed with two dimension rotation symmetric shape.It is arc extinguishing gases that Fig. 2 shows at analysis condition: SF
6Gas, breaking current: 50,000A alternating current, and the analysis result under the situation of arc ignition cycle: 24ms, and show at current zero, promptly electric arc is by the moment of lighting 24ms and being blown out.The abscissa of Fig. 2 is consistent with the rotating shaft E of blast pipe 22 among Fig. 1, and the ordinate of Fig. 2 is consistent with the first half of blast pipe 22 among Fig. 1.A model supposing blast pipe 100 in this analyzes has groove number: N (four row or more), and notching joint is apart from 1/4 (or bigger) of P: depth of groove H.
As seen from Figure 2, thermal current is subjected to the turbulent flow that causes because of N row (or more) grooves 110 that are arranged on blast pipe 100 inner surfaces, low temperature or gas at normal temperature at concave part 110 are mixed with the thermal current 30a of high temperature, concentrate near this thermal current of blast pipe 100 inner surfaces and are cooled off gradually.Can see especially that gas temperature descends greatly near the end 101 of blast pipe 100, wherein dielectric strength is than higher, and has the high likelihood that directly is exposed in the elevated temperature heat air-flow.
In simple circle cylindricality blast pipe 22 shown in Figure 13, it is adopted under many occasions so far, and the end 23 of this blast pipe 22 directly is exposed among the thermal current 30a of high temperature easily, and thereby has a high likelihood at this part generation dielectric breakdown.Yet, blast pipe 100 according to present embodiment, wherein be provided with four row or multiple row groove 110G more as shown in Figure 1, thermal current 30a can be cooled off near the end 101 that arrives blast pipe 100 effectively, and thereby can improve the dielectric strength of this part widely.
In addition, can see from the analysis chart of Fig. 2, and compare near the described inner surface that is provided with groove 110G that near the hot gas the rotating shaft E still is maintained at high temperature easily, wherein rotating shaft E is the core of blast pipe 100 away from groove 110G.Yet, at the near surface of the blast pipe 100 that is made of metal, electric field strength height.The electric field strength of blast pipe 100 cores is less than the electric field strength of the near surface of the blast pipe 100 that is made of metal.Therefore, when the dielectric strength at the near surface hot gas of blast pipe 100 is resumed, comprise that the dielectric strength of the whole hot gas transport sector of this blast pipe 100 can be recovered significantly.
Fig. 3 is one and measures chart, is illustrated in and utilizes a kind of SF with metal cabinet shape that is used for high-tension especially power-supply system
6ABB is carried out under the situation of actual measurement the dielectric strength of blast pipe end, the example of a measurement result.Left side from Fig. 3, illustrate successively in order, dielectric strength Y1 in " time usually " (is not interrupted at any electric current, promptly do not exist under the situation of any thermal current), the dielectric strength Y2 of a kind of " band groove pipe " (in electric current has been interrupted and has utilized the ABB of band groove pipe, existing under the situation of thermal current), and the dielectric strength Y3 of a kind of tradition " simple circle cylindricality blast pipe " (is interrupted at electric current, and utilized in the ABB of described pipe and existed under the situation of thermal current, be used to make comparisons) actual measured results.
In Fig. 3, the blast pipe 100 that is illustrated as " band groove blast pipe " constitutes promptly by this way, groove number: four row or multiple rows more, notching joint apart from P: depth of groove H 1/4 or bigger, and the distance L between the end of groove scope and the blast pipe end be the blast pipe inside diameter D 5% or bigger.In addition, in Fig. 3, adopt the groove of spiral form.Suppose breaking current: 50, the alternating current of 000A (ampere), arc ignition cycle: 24ms is that identical hot gas flows into blast pipe basically under all scenario.In Fig. 3, suppose that the dielectric strength Y1 (under the situation that does not have any thermal current) in " time usually " is 100%, each value illustrates as a relative value.
As can see from Figure 3, when current interruptions, have thermal current, thereby dielectric strength descends.When no any electric current was interrupted in described simple circle cylindricality blast pipe 22, dielectric strength was reduced to about 1% greatly.On the other hand, use as shown in Figure 1 have four row or more under the situation of the blast pipe 100 of multiple row groove according to of the present invention, dielectric strength Y2 only drops to 25%.In other words, can see that by using blast pipe shown in Figure 1 100, dielectric strength Y2 has improved 25 times than traditional intensity Y3 when current interruptions.
People's expectation, Fig. 2 is different along with various conditions with the concrete numerical value shown in 3, such as the shape of test cell, breaking current and arc extinguishing gases.Even in this case, should be understood that, compare with using traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe 22, by use as shown in Figure 1 be provided with four row or the blast pipe 100 of multiple row groove 110G more, the dielectric strength of ABB can greatly improve when current interruptions.
To summarize above-mentioned effect below.In other words, shown in Figure 1A and 1B, for being provided with four row or the blast pipes 100 of multiple row groove 110G more, outstanding to gas channel because of partition wall top 111, when thermal current 30a flowed blast pipe 100 in, thermal current 30a will stand turbulent influence.Gas at normal temperature 2 in the groove 110G very closely exists with the thermal current 30a around blast pipe 100 inner surfaces, and wherein blast pipe 100 has received this turbulent flow, thereby thermal current 30a mixes apace with gas at normal temperature 2.
Thereby, cooled off effectively at the inner surface additional near-thermal air-flow 30a of the blast pipe 100 that is provided with groove 110G, and dielectric strength is resumed.With compare near the band groove inner surface of blast pipe 100, near the hot gas rotating shaft E still is held at high temperature easily, wherein this rotating shaft E is the core of blast pipe 100.Yet the electric field strength of the core of blast pipe 100 is far smaller than the electric field strength of the near surface of the blast pipe 100 that is made of metal.Therefore, when the temperature of the hot gas of blast pipe 100 near surfaces be lowered and thereby when recovering dielectric strength, the dielectric strength of whole hot gas transport sector can be recovered significantly.
In addition, see in Fig. 2 that along with flowing, near the hot gas blast pipe 100 inner surfaces is cooled off gradually.This differs widely with the image that is evenly cooled off along flow process in conventional air as shown in figure 14.This shows that in order to obtain efficient cooling, the quantity (columns) of set groove 110G is very important on blast pipe 100 inner surfaces.
[effect of 1-2-2. groove quantity]
Fig. 4 is an analysis diagram, illustrate when on blast pipe shown in Figure 2 100 inner surfaces when the formed groove quantity of hot gas flow passage changes the temperature relation of hot gas.In Fig. 4, ordinate is represented the gas temperature (° K) on blast pipe 100 inner surfaces, and abscissa is represented the groove columns N along gas flow channel.As seen from Figure 4, along with the increase along the columns N of hot gas flow channel groove 110G, hot gas temperature descends on blast pipe 100 inner surfaces.
In this case, the columns N that is located at the groove 110G in the blast pipe 100 can be counted as " numerical value that hot gas produces the chance of turbulent flow ", is used for the thermal current of high temperature is mixed with the gas at normal temperature of concave part 110.Can also understand that from Fig. 4 in order to cool off this hot gas, the columns N that is located at the groove 110G on blast pipe 100 inner surfaces is preferably bigger.Yet, because the size of blast pipe 100 is actually and is restricted, just can not be without any the columns N that restrictedly increases groove.On the other hand, can judge, when being formed with at least four row or more during the multiple row groove, can obtaining effective hot gas cooling effect from Fig. 4.
[effect of 1-2-3. groove sectional dimension relation]
As mentioned above, because the size of blast pipe 100 is actually restricted, not only the columns N of groove but also scope that groove can be set in fact all are restricted.Shown in Figure 1B, then, the scope C that supposes to be provided with groove 110G is constant, then notching joint apart from the relation between P and the groove columns N as shown in the formula:
P·N＝C
In other words, when the scope C that groove can be set is set to when constant, have two kinds of situations: a kind of situation is, notching joint reduces and groove columns N increases apart from P; Another kind of situation is that notching joint increases and groove columns N minimizing apart from P.Groove columns N can be considered to " being used to produce the numerical value of turbulent chance ", is used for thermal current 30a is mixed with the gas at normal temperature 2 in the groove 110G, as mentioned above.Thereby the columns N of groove is preferably big.
Here, can find out obviously that when the scope C that groove can be set is set to when constant, and when the columns N of groove increased, notching joint just must reduce apart from P from top relational expression.When notching joint apart from P hour with respect to depth of groove H, it is sharper keen that the shape of cross section of groove just becomes, shown in Fig. 5 A to 5E.It should be noted that Fig. 5 A to 5E is an example view, the groove cross sectional shape when the relation of notching joint between P and depth of groove H is set to P=2H, P=1H, P=H/2, P=H/3, P=H/4 is shown respectively.
Referring to Figure 1B, find out from the cooling body of above-mentioned thermal current is clear, when the groove cross sectional shape is sharpened, the gas at normal temperature 2 of inside grooves be not easy with groove surfaces on thermal current 30a interact, thereby be difficult to the effective thermal current cooling effect of acquisition.Yet, when guarantee notching joint apart from P be at least depth of groove H 1/4 or when bigger, shown in Fig. 5 A to 5E, the gas at normal temperature 2 of inside grooves can be used for heat of cooling air-flow 30a effectively.Rule of thumb have been found that and to obtain effective thermal current cooling effect.Can select groove columns N and notching joint optimum value according to different service conditions apart from P.Usually, in order to obtain effective thermal current cooling effect, as mentioned above, be necessary columns N with groove be set at reliably 4 or bigger and with notching joint apart from P be set at depth of groove H 1/4 or bigger.
[effect of the size relationship of the groove of 1-2-4. blast pipe end]
In addition, as present embodiment, when groove 110G is set on the inner surface of blast pipe 100, just have a kind of possibility, that is, compare with traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe 22, the electric field strength of the end 101 of blast pipe 100 increases.The dielectric strength that is exposed to the part in the hot gas is to be determined by the temperature of thermal current 30a, and as mentioned above, the electric field strength that is exposed to the part in the hot gas is under the equal pressure.Thereby even when the temperature of hot gas descends because of being located at groove 110G in the blast pipe 100, but have a kind of possibility on the contrary, that is, dielectric strength descends, because electric field strength increases because of set groove 110G.Therefore, in order to improve dielectric strength, under the situation that is provided with groove 110G, not only the cooling performance of thermal current but also electric field structure all need to consider fully.
Fig. 6 is an analysis diagram, and the size relationship according to the groove of blast pipe end is shown, by the variation of electric field strength being carried out an example of the resulting analysis result of analysis of electric field.In Fig. 6, abscissa is represented from the end 101 of blast pipe 100 to the ratio L/D (%) of the inside diameter D of the distance L of the end of the scope C that groove 110G is set and blast pipe 100, shown in Figure 1A.Ordinate is illustrated in the electric field strength E and the electric field strength E of same area under the situation of not establishing groove 110G at 101 places, end of blast pipe 100 under the situation that is provided with groove 110G
0Ratio.
As can be seen from Figure 6, when groove 110G was set on the inner surface of blast pipe 100, the electric field strength of the end 101 of blast pipe 100 had increased.Yet when the ratio of distance L and cylinder inside diameter D increased, the increase of electric field strength was suppressed.Curve shown in Figure 6 is along with the occurrence of cylinder inside diameter D, change with the position relation of casing 1 etc.Can judge from Fig. 6, when L be set to D about 5% or when bigger, thereby can avoid the electric field strength at 101 places, blast pipe 100 ends to increase.
[1-2-5. effect general introduction]
To summarize above-mentioned effect below.At first, at least four row or multiple row groove 110G more are set on the inner surface of blast pipe 100, groove extends on the direction of intersecting with the flow direction of thermal current 30a, the mode that groove is set is, groove is provided with on flowing to mutually continuously, and notching joint apart from P be set to depth of groove H at least 1/4 or bigger.Adopt this structure, just heat of cooling air-flow effectively.In addition, the end of blast pipe 100 ends 101 and be provided with distance L between the end of scope C of groove 110G be set to the blast pipe inside diameter D 5% or bigger.Thereby, when groove is set on the inner surface of blast pipe 100, just might suppress the increase of electric field strength of the end 101 of blast pipe 100.Therefore, when use was provided with the blast pipe 100 of groove 110G, the dielectric strength of this ABB can be improved widely when open-circuit operation, and without any need for special installation.
In addition, as mentioned above, in order to obtain the special role/effect of present embodiment, it is very important making thermal current form turbulent flow on the partition wall top 111 with the column split of groove 110G.In order to make this action of turbulent flow in thermal current more effectively, the shape to the outstanding partition wall top 111 of the passage of thermal current need be sharp keen as much as possible, rather than traditional level and smooth round-shaped shown in Figure 14 and 15.The shape at partition wall top 111 also depends on processing method.Such as, when groove 110G is by cast form the time, usually, just be difficult in the sharp keen top of formation between the groove 110G.Yet even in this case, the section radius at the top between the groove preferably is set to as much as possible little.Specifically, when the cross section at partition wall top 111 is formed when having 5mm or littler radius, can prevent that the cooling effect of thermal current from being weakened widely.
[1-3. effect]
As mentioned above, according to this first embodiment, when in blast pipe simple be provided with at least four row or more multiple row and the flow direction of thermal current intersect groove the time, the hot gas physical efficiency that is produced when opening circuit is cooled off effectively, and without any need for special installation.Particularly, near the gas temperature the blast pipe end can be reduced widely, and the electric field ratio of blast pipe end is higher, and has a kind of high likelihood that directly is exposed in the elevated temperature heat air-flow, thereby the dielectric strength of appropriate section can be enhanced.Described groove is arranged in such a way, be raised to prevent near the electric field strength the blast pipe end, and thereby the dielectric strength of the whole hot gas transmission system in fixed contact divides can be improved effectively.Thereby, a kind of small-sized but high ABB of reliability can be provided.
[modification of 1-4. groove shapes]
Should be noted that in first embodiment the groove 110G that setting in blast pipe 100 is had the isosceles triangle cross section equably is described, but the concrete shape of groove can be selected freely.Fig. 7 A, 8A and 9 are cross sectional representation, the example with difform groove is shown, and Fig. 7 B and 8B are the enlarged drawings at the top of groove shown in Fig. 7 A and the 8A.
At this, shown in Fig. 7 A, the cross sectional shape of each groove 710G of groove part 710 be one triangular shaped, two limit has different length, shown in Fig. 7 B.In this cross sectional shape, the inner surface that is positioned at the groove 710G in thermal current 30a downstream on the partition wall top 711 of cutting apart each row is a vertical plane, it has an acute angle, and the inner surface that is positioned at the groove 710G of upstream side is an inclined-plane, and it has an angle that is substantially equal to angle shown in Figure 1A and the 1B.Strong turbulent flow causes forming many gas eddys around the groove 710G shown in Fig. 7 B, wherein produces clockwise gas eddy and anticlockwise gas eddy.Because thermal current 30a receives the bigger turbulent flow that produces because of vertical plane, this thermal current 30a is mixed with gas at normal temperature 2 more effectively, and temperature descends.As mentioned above, to be configured to its radius R be 5mm or littler at the tip at top 711.
In addition, the cross sectional shape of the groove 810 shown in Fig. 8 A and the 8B is U-shaped basically, and the inner surface in the upstream side of groove 810G and downstream is a vertical plane for thermal current 30a.This groove 810G be formed generally one continuous spiral-shaped, and groove 810G is arranged in such a way, promptly the distance between the adjacent turn (row) is short as much as possible.At this moment, in the downstream of groove 810G, identical in the turbulent flow that receives by hot gas 30a and Fig. 7 A and the 7B illustrated embodiment.Yet, compare with situation shown in the 7B with Fig. 7 A, when the sectional area of groove 810G increased, the volume of the gas at normal temperature in this groove can further increase, and this groove shapes can improve the cooling effect of thermal current 30a widely.
In addition, the cross sectional shape of groove 910 shown in Figure 9 is parallelogram, and the groove inner surface in thermal current 30a downstream further inclination upstream is oblique.Therefore, the angle at the partition wall top 911 of upstream side is sharper keen with respect to thermal current 30a, and the turbulent flow that passes to thermal current 30a further strengthens at corresponding site.As a result, the gas at normal temperature 2 in the groove 910G is mixed with thermal current 30a effectively, and thermal current 30a is cooled off effectively.
It should be noted that, with with first embodiment in identical mode, and in second to the 4th embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A to 9, described groove is provided on the direction of intersecting with the flow direction of thermal current 30a and extends, and for heat of cooling air-flow effectively, form at least four row or multiple row groove more, and notching joint apart from P be set to depth of groove H at least 1/4 or bigger.
So, in each embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A to 9, also can be similar to effect/effect of first embodiment.
2. the 5th embodiment
Figure 10 is a cross sectional representation, and the end according to the blast pipe of the ABB of fifth embodiment of the invention is shown.In the 5th embodiment, apply the color layer 1001 of one deck grey or black on the surface of the groove 110G of the blast pipe 100 in first embodiment, this layer has bigger radiation absorbent properties.The example of concrete colorize method comprises that carrying out physics by spraying or similar approach applies, and when blast pipe 100 be can carry out various chemical surface treatment when being fabricated from iron to comprise the processing of phosphate film.Should be noted that other structure is identical with the structure of first to fourth embodiment.Such as, at least four row or multiple row groove 110G more are set on the inner surface of blast pipe 100, groove extends on the direction of intersecting with the flow direction of thermal current 30a, and notching joint apart from P be set to depth of groove H at least 1/4 or bigger.
According to the 5th embodiment with said structure and since give groove 110G surface-coated grey or black color chromatograph 1001, the heat that gives off from thermal current 30a is absorbed, thereby the energy loss of thermal current 30a increases.Therefore, except effect, also can obtain the significantly effect of heat of cooling air-flow 30a with the previous embodiment of being similar to.To be described in detail this effect below.
At first, when being interrupted big electric current by the ABB of embodiment as shown in figure 10, the thermal current that is generated reaches several thousand Kelvins' (K) a very high-temperature approximately.In this case, heat also discharges from hot gas with the form of radiation.In traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe 22 as shown in figure 13, the emittance that has arrived the blast pipe inner wall surface is reflected by wall in a large number, and turns back in the thermal current once more.Thereby the energy loss of thermal current by radiation seldom.
In the present embodiment, blast pipe 100 is characterised in that groove is set on the inner surface.Yet the radiant energy that has been transmitted on the concave part is partly absorbed, and remaining heat energy is reflected repeatedly by the corresponding site of groove, and last easily by the absorbed inside of groove.Compare with traditional blast pipe, owing to be provided with groove, the surface area of the inner surface of this blast pipe has increased in addition.Thereby, compare with traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe, in the blast pipe of present embodiment, the absorption efficiency of radiant energy is from having improved in essence.In addition, in the present embodiment, because the inner surface of blast pipe 100 is colored the color layer 1001 of grey or black, the absorption efficiency of radiant energy can further be improved significantly.Thereby the energy loss that is caused by the radiation of thermal current increases, and thermal current is cooled off more significantly.
Therefore, according to the 5th embodiment, except having the effect of previous embodiment, can also obtain a kind of effect, the dielectric strength that is the whole hot gas transmission system during fixed contact divides can more effectively be improved, because set color layer 1001 has increased the energy loss that radiation caused because of thermal current on the groove 110G surface, and thermal current can be cooled off more significantly.
3. the 6th embodiment
Figure 11 is a cross sectional representation, and the end according to the blast pipe of the ABB of sixth embodiment of the invention is shown.In the 6th embodiment, the blast pipe 100 that replaces first to the 5th embodiment, be arranged in such a way the inner cylinder 1101 of an open ended type, with an exterior circular column 1102, that is, this exterior circular column 1102 covers the end of inner cylinder 1101 and the outer surface of inner cylinder 1101 near an end with predetermined spacing.
These inner cylinders 1101 and exterior circular column 1102 are constituted by this way, that is, thermal current 30a at first flows through an internal channel of inner cylinder 1101 inside, flows through an outer tunnel between inner cylinder 1101 and the exterior circular column 1102 then.Position in covering inner cylinder 1101 ends of exterior circular column 1102 is provided with a conducting element 1103, and its coverage mode makes thermal current 30a can be discharged into the outside of outer tunnel reposefully.And, in the formation of inner cylinder 1101 and exterior circular column 1102 on the channel wall of described internal and external channel, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, be provided with at least four row or multiple row groove 110G more, described groove extends on the direction that a flow direction with thermal current 30a intersects.Should be noted that the structure of other similar in first embodiment.Such as, notching joint apart from P be set to depth of groove H at least 1/4 or bigger.
According to the 6th embodiment with said structure, it is the top 1104 of outer blast pipe 1102 that the most dangerous position of dielectric breakdown takes place.Thereby, the effective hot-gas channel that can extend, and the columns N of groove can increase widely.Therefore, except having the effect that is similar to first embodiment, also can obtain can be significantly and the effect of cooling off whole thermal current equably.In addition, because the volume of hot gas itself reduces, the blast pipe pressure inside raises and just can be suppressed, and just can obtain to discharge reposefully the effect of hot gas.To be described in detail this effect below.
At first, the columns N that is arranged on the groove in the hot-gas channel can be considered to be used to cause the numerical value of turbulent chance, and this turbulent flow is used to make this thermal current to mix with the gas at normal temperature of concave part, as mentioned above.Thereby the columns N of groove is preferably big as much as possible.According to present embodiment, blast pipe comprises two cylinders, an inner cylinder 1101 and an exterior circular column 1102, and thereby the available heat gas passage of each blast pipe volume that can extend.Therefore, the columns N of groove also can be increased widely.
In addition, be set at groove under the situation on the inner surface that includes only single cylindrical blast pipe 100 as shown in Figure 1, as mentioned above, thermal current is cooled near the inner surface that is provided with groove 110G of blast pipe 100.This also has a kind of trend, and promptly elevated temperature heat gas still is stranded in the near axis of blast pipe 100, and this is the core of thermal current.On the other hand, according to present embodiment, in a catwalk between inner cylinder 1101 and exterior circular column 1102, on the opposite flank of the inner surface of the outer surface of inner cylinder 1101 and exterior circular column 1102, groove is set, just can realize refrigerating function.Thereby, to compare with the single blast pipe 100 of first embodiment, whole thermal current can be cooled off more equably.
In addition, exist on the injection direction of hot gas under the situation of an ad hoc structure, sometimes need to cover an end, this end is an air flow jetting portion with blast pipe of a specific lid, thereby injection direction is changed in a kind of traditional ABB.Yet, under this conventional cases, to compare with traditional simple circle cylindricality blast pipe, thermal current is blocked in the blast pipe that is provided with edge/groove easily, and is difficult to air-flow is discharged in the free space of casing reposefully.As a result, just have a problem, hot gases is stagnated in the electric arc contact portion, at corresponding site dielectric breakdown takes place easily, and under this traditional situation, electric arc is not easy to disappear.
On the other hand, according to present embodiment, even inner cylinder 1101 is covered by exterior circular column 1102, thermal current can more effectively be cooled off by groove 110G.This is because the volume-diminished of hot gas itself can suppress pressure excessive in the blast pipe and raise, and can discharge hot gas reposefully.
Therefore, according to the 6th embodiment, except effect with previous embodiment, can also obtain a kind of effect, the dielectric strength that is the whole hot gas transmission system during fixed contact divides can more effectively be improved, because two cylinders have constituted a continuous interior and outer hot-gas channel, an effective hot-gas channel is lengthened out, whole thermal current can more efficiently and uniformly be cooled off, and can discharge hot gas reposefully.
4. the 7th embodiment
Figure 12 A is a cross-sectional structure figure, and the ABB according to seventh embodiment of the invention is shown.In the 7th embodiment, except divide at a fixed contact 20 1 sides be provided with one the band groove blast pipe 100, on a hollow stem 1200, also be provided with groove 1210 movable contact portion 10 1 sides.Groove 1210 has shape and the structure of set groove 110G on the blast pipe 100 that is similar to first embodiment.In other words, at least four row or multiple row groove 1210 more are set on the inner surface of hollow stem 1200, described groove extends on a direction of intersecting with the flow direction of thermal current 30b, and notching joint apart from P be set to depth of groove H at least 1/4 or bigger.
In addition, the thermal current 30b of movable side, it passes a movable arc contact 11 and described hollow stem 1200, and flows through the steam vent 17 that is arranged at the several movable sides on a piston 12 and the similarity piece and be discharged into from steam vent end 18 in the space in the casing 1.
According to the 7th embodiment, except having the effect that is similar to first embodiment, can also obtain following effect with said structure.In other words, by means of with first embodiment in flow into mechanism's identical mechanism of the thermal current 30a of blast pipe 100 in fixation side, the thermal current 30b in movable side inflow hollow stem 1200 inside is cooled off effectively by groove 1210.Therefore, also recovered in movable contact portion 10 1 sides around the insulation property of the hot gas of the movable side steam vent 17 of described steam vent end 18, the dielectric strength between appropriate section and casing 1 can be improved significantly.
According to the 7th embodiment, except effect, can also obtain a kind of effect with first embodiment, the dielectric strength in the promptly movable contact portion also can be improved effectively, and a kind of small-sized but high ABB of reliability can be provided.It should be noted that, fixed contact divides the dielectric strength of a side to be guaranteed fully, as a kind of modification of the 7th embodiment, described groove can only be arranged on the hollow stem 1200 of movable contact portion, and on the blast pipe 100 that fixed contact divides any groove is not set.
5. other embodiment
Should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, can carry out various modification within the scope of the invention.Such as, can carry out suitable combination to above-mentioned modification.
Particularly, as mentioned above, in the present invention, be arranged in the blast pipe or the concrete shape of the groove in the hollow stem etc. can freely be selected, and can adopt the different shape except shape described in the foregoing description.Can also make up and be provided with and have difform groove.In other words, in the present invention, being arranged at blast pipe concrete the size/shape interior or groove that hollow stem is interior can freely select, as long as each row groove extends on a direction of intersecting with the flow direction of hot gas, and on the flow direction of hot gas mutually continuously setting at least four be listed as or multiple row groove more.In any case, can both obtain to be similar to good effect/effect of above-mentioned each embodiment.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, one of them contact portion is fixed and the driven form of another contact portion is described as an example, but, the present invention is equally applicable to such one type ABB, the contact portion that promptly is positioned on the opposite side is driven simultaneously and relatively, can obtain good effect/effect equally.
Claims (12)
1. ABB comprises:
Airtight container (1), it is filled with a kind of arc extinguishing gases (2), and in this container, one first contact portion (10) is configured to towards one second contact portion (20), wherein:
Described first contact portion (10) and second contact portion (20) comprise first arc contact (11) and second arc contact (21) respectively, using operating period, described contact (11,21) form a kind of contact conducted state, and when operating, current interruptions is disconnected by relative motion, thereby in the space between the described contact (11,21), produce electric arc (3)
Described first contact portion (10) comprises that air-flow produces mechanism (12,13), is used for described arc extinguishing gases is blowed to described electric arc; And
Be provided with a hot gas transport sector in described first contact portion (10) and second contact portion (20) at least one, be used for along away from described contact (11,21) direction transmits by described air-flow generation mechanism (12,13) and arc extinguishing gases (2) is blowed to electric arc (3) and the hot gas (30a) of generation;
It is characterized in that: described hot gas transport sector comprises pipe fitting, on the inner surface of this pipe fitting, be provided with at least four row or multiple row grooves more, each of described groove is listed on the direction that a flow direction with hot gas intersects extends, and described groove is provided with on the flow direction of the stream of hot gas (30a) mutually continuously.
2. according to the described ABB of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the blast pipe (100) that is arranged on described second contact portion is fixed on the described container (1) of ground connection coaxially, at least four row or the groove of multiple row (110G) more are set on the inner surface of described blast pipe (100) near a discharge portion, and described groove has equal pitch and height.
3. according to the described ABB of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described blast pipe comprises the interior pipe (1101) and an outer tube (1102) of an open ended type, this outer tube is arranged in such a way, near an end with the end of pipe (1101) in described and described in the outer circumference surface covering of pipe (1101), described blast pipe constitutes by this way, described thermal current (30a) flows through one and is formed at the inner internal channel of interior pipe (1101), and flows through an outer tunnel that is formed between interior pipe (1101) and the outer tube (1102);
Being provided with at least four on each channel wall of interior pipe (1101) that forms described internal channel and outer tunnel and outer tube (1102) is listed as or the described groove of multiple row (110G) more.
4. according to each described ABB of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described blast pipe (100) constitutes by this way, promptly the beeline (L) between the end of a scope (C) that is provided with groove (110G) and described blast pipe (100) be at least the end of this blast pipe internal diameter (D) 5% or bigger.
5. according to each described ABB of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the hot gas transport sector of described first contact portion (10) is a hollow stem (1200), and at least four row or the described groove of multiple row (110G) more are set on the inner surface of this hollow stem (1200).
6. according to each described ABB of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the cross section at the partition wall top (111) of row that are used to cut apart described groove (110G) has 5mm or littler radius.
7. according to each described ABB of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the notching joint of described groove (110G) apart from (P) be depth of groove (H) 1/4 or bigger.
8. according to the described ABB of claim 7, it is characterized in that: described a plurality of grooves (110G) form by this way, promptly have basically the identical cross sectional shape of inner surface with described blast pipe (100).
9. according to the described ABB of claim 7, it is characterized in that: a partition wall top (111) that is formed between the adjacent grooves (110G) has a kind of so sharp keen shape, makes described thermal current (30a) form turbulent flow before flowing through this partition wall top.
10. according to each described ABB of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: at least a portion on the surface of described groove (110G) is grey or black.
11. according to the described ABB of claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise: an insulation nozzle (15), it is around described first and second contact portions (10,20), and, the air-flow that is produced the arc extinguishing gases (2) of mechanism (12,13) generation by described air-flow is imported described hot gas transport sector (1200) from this nozzle.
12. according to the described ABB of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hot gas transport sector (1200) comprises that an electric field weakens part (101), it is arranged on the end of outlet side of described pipe fitting, and the stream of the hot gas that is imported (30a) weakens part through this electric field.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP052469/2004 | 2004-02-26 | ||
| JP2004052469A JP4421331B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Gas circuit breaker |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1661746A CN1661746A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
| CN100382221C true CN100382221C (en) | 2008-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100521796A Active CN100382221C (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-25 | Blowing breaker |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4421331B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100382221C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005008098B4 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2867604B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101162663B (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2013-11-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Cyclone type nozzle high-pressure blowing circuit breakers with groove |
| CN101789338B (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2012-05-23 | 西安交通大学 | Self-energy air-blowing medium-voltage high-DC quick current-limiting circuit breaker |
| DE102010020979A1 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Compressed gas circuit breakers |
| JP2012069348A (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-04-05 | Toshiba Corp | Gas circuit breaker |
| KR200478813Y1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2015-11-19 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Gas insulated switchgear |
| JP2013179005A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-09 | Toshiba Corp | Gas circuit breaker |
| WO2014094891A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Abb Technology Ag | Electrical switching device |
| JP6490304B2 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-03-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Gas circuit breaker |
| DE102016226034A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical switching device |
| US11217408B2 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2022-01-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Gas circuit breaker |
| CN110112034A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-09 | 沈阳工业大学 | One kind being used for high pressure SF6The screw-type contact of breaker |
| CN114068242A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-18 | 河南平芝高压开关有限公司 | Miniaturized circuit breaker |
| EP4117006A1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-11 | Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG | Gas-insulated high or medium voltage circuit breaker |
| US20240072522A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Compressed gas switch |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984651A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-10-05 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | Electrical loadbreak arc quenching and containing assembly |
| EP0191465A2 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A puffer type gas blast circuit breaker |
| US5902980A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1999-05-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Insulating component for high-voltage equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE736317C (en) * | 1934-01-05 | 1943-06-11 | Aeg | Compressed gas switch |
| CH183043A (en) * | 1934-12-31 | 1936-03-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gas pressure switch. |
| FR2377695A1 (en) * | 1977-01-18 | 1978-08-11 | Merlin Gerin | Automatic arc extinction system in circuit breaker - has sleeve with holes coaxially surrounding contacts |
| FR2644624B1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1996-03-22 | Merlin Gerin | ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SELF-EXPANSION AND INSULATING GAS |
| JPH08124464A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1996-05-17 | Meidensha Corp | Puffer type gas-blast circuit breaker |
| DE10226044A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2003-12-24 | Alstom | Air blast switch |
-
2004
- 2004-02-26 JP JP2004052469A patent/JP4421331B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-22 DE DE102005008098A patent/DE102005008098B4/en active Active
- 2005-02-25 CN CNB2005100521796A patent/CN100382221C/en active Active
- 2005-02-25 FR FR0501933A patent/FR2867604B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984651A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-10-05 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | Electrical loadbreak arc quenching and containing assembly |
| EP0191465A2 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A puffer type gas blast circuit breaker |
| US5902980A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1999-05-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Insulating component for high-voltage equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102005008098B4 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
| JP2005243465A (en) | 2005-09-08 |
| CN1661746A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
| FR2867604A1 (en) | 2005-09-16 |
| FR2867604B1 (en) | 2007-05-18 |
| DE102005008098A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
| JP4421331B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
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