CN100374826C - Ultrasonic apparatus and method for measuring the concentration and flow rate of gas - Google Patents
Ultrasonic apparatus and method for measuring the concentration and flow rate of gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN100374826C CN100374826C CNB2004800104217A CN200480010421A CN100374826C CN 100374826 C CN100374826 C CN 100374826C CN B2004800104217 A CNB2004800104217 A CN B2004800104217A CN 200480010421 A CN200480010421 A CN 200480010421A CN 100374826 C CN100374826 C CN 100374826C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 138
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02809—Concentration of a compound, e.g. measured by a surface mass change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02818—Density, viscosity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02836—Flow rate, liquid level
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02881—Temperature
Abstract
ABSTRACT An ultrasonic apparatus measures the concentration and flow rate of a sample gas by calculating a possible propagation time range on the basis of the gas temperature, determining whether or not the phases at which two first trigger signals, respectively generated on the basis of forward and backward waveforms of the ultrasonic waves, coincide with each other, processing the zero-cross signals so that the phases coincide with each other, obtaining reference zero-cross time instant by calculating mean value of the forward and backward zero-cross time instants, obtaining an ultrasonic reception point by subtracting an integral multiple of the cycle of the ultrasonic waves so that the results of the subtraction falls into a possible propagation time range and estimating the ultrasonic propagation time on the basis of the ultrasonic reception point.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ultrasonic equipment and the method for oxygen concentration and this sample gas flow in the working sample gas, this sample gas is provided by the oxygen concentrator of medical purposes.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in sample gas can be expressed as the function of sample gas concentration and temperature.If the mean molecular weight of sample gas is M, temperature is T (K), the ultrasonic velocity C (m/sec) that then passes static sample gas is expressed as following equation (1)
C＝(κRT/M)
1/2...(1)
Wherein,
κ: the ratio of the molecular specific heat under the molecular specific heat under the constant volume and the constant pressure
R: gas law constant
Therefore, as long as determine the ultrasonic propagation velocity C (m/sec) that passes sample gas and the temperature T (K) of sample gas, just can try to achieve the mean molecular weight M of sample gas by computing.For example, contain oxygen-nitrogen gas potpourri, mixing ratio is P:(1-P) the mean molecular weight M of the sample gas of (0≤P≤1) can calculate by following equation (2).
M＝M
O2P+M
N2(1-P)...(2)
Wherein:
M
O2: the molecular weight of oxygen
M
N2: the molecular weight of nitrogen
Thereby, just can obtain concentration of oxygen P according to the mean molecular weight M that measures by calculating.When this sample gas is the mixture of oxygen-nitrogen, κ=1.4th on the mixing ratio scope of very wide oxygen and nitrogen, reasonably.
If the ultrasonic propagation velocity in the sample gas is C (m/sec), and the flow velocity of sample gas is V (m/sec), the ultrasonic velocity C that propagates with respect to sample gas stream trend the place ahead then
1(m/sec) be C
1=C+V, and the ultrasonic velocity C that propagates with respect to sample gas stream trend rear
2(m/sec) be C
2=C-V, therefore, the flow velocity V (m/sec) of sample gas can obtain by following equation (3).
V＝(C
1-C
2)/2...(3)
The flow velocity of sample gas be multiply by the cross-sectional area (m of this sample gas stream piping
2), can try to achieve the flow (m of sample gas
3/ sec).
Developed and utilized above-mentioned principle, according to velocity of propagation or the travel-time method and apparatus of measuring specific gas concentration or sample gas flow velocity of ultrasound wave in sample gas.For example, in open (Kokai) No.6-213877 of Japanese unexamined patent publication No., described a kind ofly two ultrasonic transducers relatively being set and measuring the ultrasonic propagation time between this ultrasonic transducer, propagate in the pipeline that sample gas flows through, thus the equipment of the concentration of working sample gas and flow.In addition, among open (Kokai) No.7-209265 of Japanese unexamined patent publication No. and the No.8-233718, described that a kind of utilization has comprised ultrasonic transducer and the reflection-type equipment of the reflecting plate that is oppositely arranged is determined at the ultrasonic propagation velocity or the travel-time of propagating in the volume, thus the equipment of the specific gas concentration that is comprised in the working sample gas.
Utilize in the method and apparatus that ultrasonic propagation velocity measures concentration and flow this, must accurately measure this hyperacoustic travel-time.Yet the signal that produces according to the ultrasound wave that receives always comprises noise contribution, and this makes and is difficult to determine that ultrasonic transducer receives hyperacoustic moment.Thereby hyperacoustic travel-time will estimate indirectly by the signal processing or the complicated hardware of a complexity.For example, Japanese unexamined patent publication No. open (Kokai) No.9-318644 has described a kind of method of Measuring Propagation Time of Ultrasonic Wave, wherein the ultrasound wave waveform that is received has been carried out integration.After the result of integral of pulse shape reaches predetermined trough, just first zero crossing can be defined as constantly hyperacoustic travel-time in order to measure flow.According to this method, even when acceptance wave amplitude fluctuateed to a certain extent, the rise time of zero cross signal can not fluctuate.Therefore, the zero crossing that is obtained connects constantly and is bordering on the actual moment that reaches of ultrasound wave.Yet the zero crossing that is obtained is not hyperacoustic true travel-time constantly.Especially when measuring concentration, true travel-time and the difference of zero crossing between the moment have had a strong impact on measuring error.
In addition, describe a kind of flow measurement device among Japanese unexamined patent publication No. open (Kokai) No.60-138422, wherein calculate enveloping curve (envelopecurve) according to the ultrasound wave waveform that receives.Thereby the rise time of calculating enveloping curve by approximate equation is estimated hyperacoustic travel-time.Yet, must extract received ultrasound wave with hardware, and need complicated signal processing to come to calculate enveloping curve according to the waveform that extracts.Therefore, according to invention JPP ' 422, being difficult to low cost provides compact equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the ultrasonic equipment and the method for a kind of measure gas concentrations and flow, it is the concentration of measuring samples gas and flow and need not complicated signal Processing and extra hardware accurately.
According to the present invention, the ultrasonic equipment of a kind of measuring samples gas concentration and flow is provided, comprising:
Be used for the pipeline that sample gas flows;
Be installed in the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver in the described pipeline;
Be installed in the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver relative in the described pipeline with the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver;
Send receiving key, be used for sending hyperacoustic sending mode and the operator scheme of accepting the switching first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers between the ultrasonic reception pattern;
Be arranged on the temperature sensor in the described pipeline, be used to measure the sample gas temperature of this pipeline of flowing through;
The described first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to sample gas flow direction ultrasound wave forward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the second received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform backward;
The described second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to sample gas flow direction ultrasound wave backward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the first received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform forward;
When forward and waveform backward generate the device of trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and the device of zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The travel-time calculation element, it is connecting temperature sensor, trigger pip generating apparatus and zero cross signal generating apparatus, be used for (1) and calculate possible travel-time scope based on the gas temperature that temperature sensor records, (2) determine that the phase place of two first trigger pips is whether consistent each other, described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward, (3) if it is inconsistent each other, then handling this zero cross signal makes its phase place consistent each other, (4) by calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly, (5) deduct the integral multiple in ultrasound wave cycle and make that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtain the ultrasound wave acceptance point, and (6) estimate described ultrasonic propagation time on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
In addition, according to another characteristic of the invention, provide the method for the sample gas concentration that a kind of measurement flows through pipeline, comprised step:
Generation is with respect to the mobile direction of sample gas ultrasound wave forward;
Generation is with respect to the mobile direction of sample gas ultrasound wave backward;
The flow through sample gas temperature of pipeline of measurement;
When forward and waveform backward generate trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The gas temperature that records based on temperature sensor calculates possible travel-time scope;
Whether the phase place of determining two first trigger pips is consistent each other, and described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward;
If it is inconsistent each other, then handles this zero cross signal and make its phase place consistent each other;
By calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly;
The integral multiple that deducts the ultrasound wave cycle makes that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtains the ultrasound wave acceptance point; And
Described hyperacoustic travel-time of estimation on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
In addition, according to another characteristic of the invention, provide a kind of oxygen concentrating system that generates oxygen rich gas, having comprised:
Thereby by absorbing nitrogen to get rid of the oxygen concentrating apparatus that airborne nitrogen generates oxygen rich gas; And
The ultrasonic equipment of oxygen concentration and this oxygen rich gas flow in the mensuration oxygen rich gas, this ultrasonic equipment comprises:
Be used for the pipeline that oxygen rich gas receives and flows;
Be installed in the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver in the described pipeline;
Be installed in the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver relative in the described pipeline with the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver;
Send receiving key, be used for sending hyperacoustic sending mode and the operator scheme of accepting the switching first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers between the ultrasonic reception pattern;
Be arranged on the temperature sensor in the described pipeline, be used to measure the oxygen rich gas temperature of pipeline of flowing through;
The described first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to oxygen rich gas flow direction ultrasound wave forward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the second received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform backward;
The described second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to oxygen rich gas flow direction ultrasound wave backward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the first received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform forward;
When forward and waveform backward generate the equipment of trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and the equipment of zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The travel-time calculation element, it is connecting temperature sensor, trigger pip generating apparatus and zero cross signal generating apparatus, be used for (1) and calculate possible travel-time scope based on the gas temperature that temperature sensor records, (2) determine that the phase place of two first trigger pips is whether consistent each other, described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward, (3) if it is inconsistent each other, then handling this zero cross signal makes its phase place consistent each other, (4) by calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly, (5) deduct the integral multiple in ultrasound wave cycle and make that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtain the ultrasound wave acceptance point, and (6) estimate described ultrasonic propagation time on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
In addition, according to another characteristic of the invention, provide a kind of oxygen concentrating system that is used to generate oxygen rich gas, it comprises
Thereby by absorbing nitrogen to get rid of the oxygen concentrating apparatus that airborne nitrogen generates oxygen rich gas; And
Measure the ultrasonic equipment of oxygen concentration and this oxygen rich gas flow in this oxygen rich gas, this ultrasonic equipment comprises:
The mobile pipeline of object gas that is used for tested concentration;
Be installed in the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver in the described pipeline;
Be installed in the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver relative in the described pipeline with the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver;
Described pipeline comprise straight line portion and with this straight line portion vertical component connected vertically;
The described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers are arranged on described vertical component with the end facing to described straight line portion; And
Distance between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described pipeline straight line portion satisfies following relation.
0＜D＜f×r
2/C
Wherein:
D: the distance (m) between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described straight line portion
F: the ultrasonic frequency in the sample gas (Hz)
R: the internal diameter of pipeline (m)
C: hyperacoustic speed (m/sec)
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is according to oxygen concentrating apparatus synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a ultrasonic equipment synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 A is based on received hyperacoustic waveform;
Fig. 3 B is that the part of waveform shown in Fig. 3 A is amplified diagram;
Fig. 4 has represented to have the ultrasound wave waveform diagram of trigger pip and zero cross signal;
Fig. 5 is the curve map that concerns between hyperacoustic speed of expression and the temperature;
Fig. 6 represents forward and the diagram of ultrasound wave waveform backward that in this case, the trigger pip phase place that is generated is consistent each other.
Fig. 7 similarly illustrates with Fig. 6, and described in this case phase place is inconsistent each other;
Fig. 8 similarly illustrates with Fig. 6, and described in this case phase place is inconsistent each other;
Fig. 9 supposes when sample gas remains static, and is used to represent to obtain the illustrative diagram of zero crossing mode constantly;
Figure 10 is the illustrative diagram that is used to represent obtain the mode of ultrasound wave acceptance point;
Figure 11 is the cross section of ultrasonic equipment according to another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the illustrative diagram that is illustrated in the sound field that ultrasonic transducer forms previously;
Figure 13 represents the experimental result by the ultrasound wave waveform of the equipment acquisition of Figure 11;
Figure 14 represents the experimental result by the ultrasound wave waveform of the equipment acquisition of Figure 11; And
Figure 15 represents the experimental result by the ultrasound wave waveform of the equipment acquisition of Figure 11.
The best mode that carries out an invention
The preferred embodiments of the invention are below described.In the embodiment that is described below, sample gas is made up of oxygen and nitrogen.Yet measurable sample gas is not limited to the gaseous sample of oxygen and nitrogen, and the present invention also can be applied to comprise the mixture of other gas.
Fig. 1 has represented the oxygen concentrating system synoptic diagram according to the preferred embodiments of the invention, and it has supersonic gas bulk concentration and flow measurement.
Described oxygen concentrating apparatus comprises a plurality of cylinder (not shown) that are used to hold nitrogen adsorption agent such as zeolite, the piping system (not shown), it comprises guiding pressurized air each from compressor 104 to described a plurality of cylinders, and the pipeline of oxygen rich gas from cylinder to flow set device 108 of guiding generation, and be arranged on valve (not shown) in the described piping system, be used for optionally opening and closing adsorbent that pipeline makes one of them cylinder comprise and absorb nitrogen generating oxygen rich gas, and the adsorbent that comprises in other cylinder discharges adsorbed nitrogen and makes described adsorbent reactivation.
Referring to Fig. 2, the ultrasonic equipment 200 that is used for measuring samples gas concentration and flow of the present invention will be described below.
The measuring equipment 200 of gas concentration and flow comprises a pipeline 202, is used for sample gas or the flowing of the oxygen rich gas that generated by oxygen concentrating apparatus 102.This pipeline 202 has straight line portion 208 and the vertical component 204 and 206 that is being connected this straight line portion end.Straight line portion 208 comprises the duct element with ring section, and its diameter does not change along with the longitudinal axis.Provide first ultrasonic transducer 218 of the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver to be fixed on the interior end of described straight line portion, and second ultrasonic transducer 222 that the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver is provided is fixed on the other end in the described straight line portion 208, and is relative with first ultrasonic transducer 218.In this embodiment, the distance between first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222 is called spread length L
s
Transmission-receiving key 224 is connecting described first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222.This transmission-receiving key 224 switches the operator scheme of described first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222 independently, makes it be in first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and the 222 hyperacoustic sending modes of emission and first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222 and receives between the ultrasonic reception pattern.This transmission-receiving key 224 links to each other with microcomputer 226, makes the blocked operation of this transmission-receiving key 224 be subjected to the control of microcomputer 226.
Be used for measuring the flow through temperature sensor 216 and 220 of gas temperature of pipeline 202 and preferably be arranged on described vertical component 204 and 206, make it not disturb flowing in the straight line portion 208.This temperature sensor 216 links to each other with microcomputer 226 with 220.In this connection,, a temperature sensor 216 or 220 can only be set if the temperature variation of sample gas is very little.
Be used to drive the driver 228 of first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222, be used to detect zero crossing zero crossing detection circuit 230 constantly from the signal of first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 and 222, be used to show and for example install 200 the running status and the display unit 234 of measurement result, and the storer 232 that is used to store the operating system and the various parameters of microcomputer 226, comprise read-only storage or disk set, all connecting microcomputer 226.
The ultrasound wave concentration of the present embodiment and the operation of fluid-velocity survey equipment 200 will be described below.
With sample gas, nitrogen-carrier of oxygen mixture for example, its mixing ratio is P:(1-P) (0≤P≤1), offer pipeline 202.At this moment, by the temperature of temperature sensor 216 and 220 measuring samples gases, and its mean value is stored in the storer 232 as reference temperature T
0(K).According to this embodiment, the operating temperature range of system 100 preferably exists, for example 5-35 degree centigrade.
In the process of sampling gas, be used to generate hyperacoustic pulse to driver 228 transmissions from microcomputer 226.Apply pulse voltage from driver 228 to first ultrasonic transducer 218 by transmission-receiving key 224.This first ultrasonic transducer 218 sends and the corresponding ultrasound wave of this pulse voltage.The ultrasound wave that is sent by this first ultrasonic transducer 218 is propagated in the sample gas of the straight line portion 208 of the pipeline 202 of flowing through, and is received by second ultrasonic transducer 222.This second ultrasonic transducer 222 produces and the corresponding electric signal of ultrasound wave that is received, and passes to microcomputer 226 by transmission-receiving key 224 and zero crossing detection circuit 230.Microcomputer 226 receives time of electric signal based on the time that produces the pulse that is sent to driver 228 with from second ultrasonic transducer 222, calculates travel-time t forward
S1(sec).
Subsequently, behind the electric signal that receives from second ultrasonic transducer 222, transmission-receiving key 224 switches to receiving mode with the operator scheme of first ultrasonic transducer 218 from sending mode immediately, and the operator scheme with second ultrasonic transducer 222 switches to sending mode from receiving mode simultaneously.Afterwards, will generate hyperacoustic pulse transmission to driver 228 from microcomputer 226.The pulse voltage that will come from driver 228 by transmission-receiving key 224 offers second ultrasonic transducer 222.This second ultrasonic transducer 222 produces and the corresponding ultrasound wave of this pulse voltage.Receive this ultrasound wave by first ultrasonic transducer 218.This first ultrasonic transducer 218 produces and the corresponding electric signal of ultrasound wave that receives, and passes to microcomputer 226 by transmission-receiving key 224 and zero crossing detection circuit 230.Microcomputer 226 calculates travel-time t backward based on producing time of sending pulses to driver 228 and receiving time of electric signal from first ultrasonic transducer 218
S2(sec).
Obtain t
S1And t
S2Mean value, then can get rid of the influence that in pipeline 202 sample gas flows.Ultrasonic propagation time t in static sample gas
SDefine by following equation (4).
t
S＝(t
S1+t
S2)/2...(4)
C
S＝L
S/t
S...(5)
Oxygen concentration P
SOn the basis of equation (1) and (2), try to achieve by following equation (6).
P
S＝(κRT
S/C
S 2-M
N2)/(M
O2-M
N2)...(6)
In addition, the oxygen concentration in the sample gas per sample in the ultrasonic propagation velocity in the gas and 100% oxygen and 100% nitrogen ratio of ultrasonic propagation velocity try to achieve.That is to say,, can be easy to obtain temperature T by equation (1)
S(K) under in 100% oxygen hyperacoustic velocity of propagation C
O2And temperature T (m/sec),
S(K) under in 100% nitrogen hyperacoustic velocity of propagation C
N2(m/sec).Therefore, establish that hyperacoustic velocity of propagation is C in the sample gas
S(m/sec), can calculate P by following equation (7)
S
P
S＝(1/C
S 2-1/C
N2 2)/(1/C
O2 2-1/C
N2 2)…(7)
This computing can be carried out by microcomputer 126, and demonstrates the result by display unit 234.
Next, acquisition t will be described
S1And t
S2Method.In this relation, first or second ultrasonic transducer 218 or 222 hyperacoustic moment of transmission are called launch time among the application, and first and second ultrasonic transducers 218 or 222 hyperacoustic moment of reception are called the ultrasound wave acceptance point.
Fig. 3 A represents the typical ultrasound wave waveform that receives by microcomputer 226, and Fig. 3 B is the amplification of the waveform portion shown in the cycle 3B.Shown in Fig. 3 A and 3B, described waveform contains multiple noise contribution, makes to be difficult to detect hyperacoustic ultrasound wave acceptance point of propagating in sample gas.Therefore, according to the present invention, fully increase to a certain degree based on amplitude at waveform after the zero crossing of the waveform of surveying constantly can estimate the ultrasound wave acceptance point.For this reason, zero crossing detection circuit 230 comprises zero crossing comparer and trigger comparer.
Referring to Fig. 4, when waveform upwards surpasses predetermined level, described trigger comparer output trigger pip S
TiGive microcomputer 226.When waveform is upwards crossed zero level, described zero crossing comparer output zero cross signal Z
CiGive microcomputer 226.When microcomputer 226 receives the first trigger pip S
TiAfterwards, this microcomputer 226 is just determined each zero cross signal Z
CiAs zero crossing constantly.Preferably, microcomputer 226 determines that first three zero cross signal is as first to the 3rd zero crossing moment Z
C1, Z
C2And Z
C3
Each zero crossing interval between the moment is relevant with hyperacoustic cycle in theory.Therefore, the Z constantly along time shaft from first zero crossing
C1Reviewed, multiply by the integral multiple in ultrasound wave cycle, just can estimate the ultrasound wave acceptance point, thereby just can estimate the travel-time by deduct the integral multiple in launch time and ultrasound wave cycle from the ultrasound wave acceptance point.
As mentioned above, the velocity of propagation C (m/sec) of ultrasound wave in stationary gas can draw by equation (1).For example, the velocity of propagation in the pure nitrogen gas of ultrasound wave under 20 degrees centigrade is 349.1m/sec, and the speed in the purity oxygen under 20 degrees centigrade is 326.6m/sec.Therefore, under 20 degrees centigrade, the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in oxygen-nitrogen gas mixture drops on 326.6 in the scope of 349.1m/sec.Fig. 5 is the curve map that concerns between expression ultrasonic velocity and the gas temperature, and wherein the upper and lower bound of the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in oxygen-nitrogen gas mixture is expressed as C respectively
Max(T) and C
Min(T).Possible travel-time scope is L
S/ C
Max(T) to L
S/ C
Min(T).Therefore, if select spread length L
SSatisfy following relation (8), then only have an integer can select to make that the ultrasound wave acceptance point falls in the possible travel-time scope.
(L
S/C
min(T)-L
S/C
max(T))＜1/f...(8)
Wherein:
F: the frequency of ultrasound wave in sample gas
Make (L
S/ C
Max(T)-L
S/ C
Min(T)) lower limit that to have peaked gas temperature T be working temperature.If working temperature is 5 degrees centigrade, and ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, then satisfies the spread length L of relational expression (8)
SBe calculated as follows.
L
S＜12.3cm...(9)
According to this embodiment, adopted L
S=0.1m is as an example.
In order to obtain hyperacoustic travel-time t
S, measure in advance forward and travel-time t backward
S1And t
S2Referring to Fig. 6,, just produced trigger pip when second ripple in the waveform forward and backward during all above filp-flop stage.In the case, trigger pip generates with respect to identical time of waveform or phase place the time, and forward and constantly poor of the zero crossing between postwave, A=Z
CBi-Z
CFi, be substantially equal to forward and the travel-time t between postwave
S1And t
S2Poor t
d(Z
CFi: forward the zero crossing of waveform constantly, Z
CBi: backward the zero crossing of waveform constantly, i=1,2,3... (wave number amount)).
Yet, even when using identical filp-flop stage, trigger pip S
TiAlso usually forward and the different wave phase place place between postwave produce.Referring to Fig. 7, for to prewave, trigger pip generates when the 3rd ripple surpasses filp-flop stage, and for to postwave, trigger pip generates when second ripple surpasses filp-flop stage.Therefore, the trigger pip ratio to postwave generates to the Zao one-period of the trigger pip of prewave.In this case, forward and constantly poor of the zero crossing between postwave, A=Z
CBi-Z
CFi, be negative value.Pipeline 202 if sample gas is flowed through, A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiCan be negative value scarcely.Thereby, if A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiBe negative value, clearly the trigger pip to postwave generates Zao than the trigger pip to prewave.
On the other hand, referring to Fig. 8, for to prewave, trigger pip generates when second ripple surpasses filp-flop stage.For to postwave, trigger pip generates when the 3rd ripple surpasses filp-flop stage.In this case, forward and the zero crossing time difference between postwave, A=Z
CBi-Z
CFi,, show that the trigger pip to prewave generates Zao than the trigger pip to postwave greater than this hyperacoustic one-period.
According to embodiment of the present invention, pipeline 202 is designed so that forward and the difference t in the travel-time between postwave
dAlways fall into a ultrasound wave in the cycle.This feature makes microcomputer 226 situation shown in the component-bar chart 7 and 8 mutually, and calculates the difference t in travel-time
dThat is to say, if A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiFor negative, then be the situation shown in Fig. 7, and if A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiGreater than a ultrasound wave cycle, then be situation shown in Figure 8.
Thereby, below description is had the structure of the pipeline 202 of above-mentioned feature.
The possible range of sample gas flow velocity V (m/sec) is shown in following inequality (10).
0≤V≤Q/(60000πr
2)..(10)
Wherein:
Q: the flow of sample gas (litter/min)
R: internal diameter of the pipeline (m)
As mentioned above, be C with the ultrasonic velocity of propagating forward with respect to sample gas
1=C+V is C with the ultrasonic velocity of propagating backward with respect to sample gas
2=C-V.
Wherein:
C: the ultrasonic velocity of in stationary gas, propagating (m/sec)
C
1: the ultrasonic velocity of propagating forward with respect to sample gas (m/sec)
C
2: the ultrasonic velocity of propagating backward with respect to sample gas (m/sec)
V: flow velocity (m/sec)
The difference t in travel-time
dCalculate by following equation.
t
d＝L
S/C
2-L
S/C
1
＝L
S/(C-V)-L
S/(C+V)...(11)
Therefore, if the internal diameter of pipeline 202 satisfies following relational expression (12), then the difference t in travel-time
dWill be less than the ultrasound wave cycle.
L
S/(C-Q/(60000πr
2))-L
S/(C+Q/(60000πr
2))＜1/f...(12)
As hour (C=C of the ultrasonic velocity by pipeline 202
Min(5 degrees centigrade)=318.1m/sec), the left side item of inequality (12) is obtained maximal value.Therefore, for example, if are 40 (KHz) by the ultrasonic frequency of pipeline 202, the length of flow Q=10 (litter/min) and pipeline 202 is 10 (cm), and then the internal diameter r (mm) of pipeline 202 is r＞2.05 (mm).According to the present embodiment, select r=2.5 (mm) as an example.
Then, will describe the concentration of measuring samples gas and the method for flow below in detail.
At first, under situation shown in Figure 6, forward and the propagation time difference t between postwave
dAccording to A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiObtain, since just as described above, propagation time difference t
dBe substantially equal to difference A=Z
CBi-Z
CFiBe.Under situation shown in Figure 7, propagation time difference t
dAccording to B=Z
CBi+1-Z
CFiObtain.In addition, under situation shown in Figure 8, propagation time difference is according to B=Z
CBi-Z
CFi+1Obtain.Preferably, obtain a plurality of A or B value in the hope of arithmetic mean.
Next, assumes samples gas is static, estimates the ultrasonic velocity in the sample gas.For this reason, determine phase differential among the trigger pip output result based on value A in advance.If there is not phase differential, as shown in Figure 6, first zero crossing of waveform mean value Z constantly forward and backward
C_aveCalculate by following equation.
Z
c_ave＝(Z
cF1+Z
cB1)/2...(13)
Under situation shown in Figure 7, first zero crossing of waveform mean value Z constantly forward and backward
C_aveCalculate by following equation.
Z
c_ave＝(Z
cF1+Z
cB2)/2...(14)
Under situation shown in Figure 8, first zero crossing of waveform mean value Z constantly forward and backward
C_aveCalculate by following equation.
Z
c_ave＝(Z
cF2+Z
cB1)/2...(15)
Suppose that ultrasound wave is by static sample gas, then mean value Z
C_aveCan regard first zero crossing moment that is obtained as.Z
C_aveBe called as the benchmark zero crossing in this application constantly.
As mentioned above, the Design of length of pipeline 102 becomes to make to select an integer that the ultrasound wave acceptance point is dropped in the possible travel-time scope (Fig. 9).Therefore, the Z constantly along time shaft from first zero crossing
C_aveReviewed, the integral multiple that multiply by the ultrasound wave cycle just can estimate ultrasonic propagation time t in the ultrasound wave acceptance point falls into possible scope
S
Ultrasonic velocity C in static sample gas
SEstimate by following equation (16).
C
S＝L
S/t
S...(16)
Oxygen concentration P
SBy equation (6) or (7) and the C that calculates
SCan obtain.
Forward and backward travel-time t in the sample gas of pipeline 202 of flowing through
S1And t
S2By following equation (17) and (18) estimation.
t
S1＝t
S-t
d/2...(17)
t
S2＝t
S+t
d/2...(18)
Ultrasound wave in the sample gas of pipeline 202 of flowing through is speed C forward and backward
1And C
2By following equation (19) and (20) estimation.
C
1＝L
S/t
S1...(19)
C
2＝L
S/t
S2...(20)
Afterwards, obtain sample gas flow velocity V by equation (3), (19) and (20) through piping 202.Further, the flow Q of sample gas is calculated by following equation (21).
Q＝6000πr
2V...(21)
The person of connecing referring to Figure 11 to 15, will describe the ultrasound wave concentration and the flow measurement of preferred embodiment below.
Ultrasound wave concentration and flow measurement 10 comprise the pipeline 27 of the pipeline 202 that Fig. 2 embodiment is provided.Shell 25 and 26 is used to encapsulate first and second ultrasonic transducers 20 and 21, is fixed on the two ends of pipeline 27 by welding portion 41 and 42.Shell 25 and 26 comprises the mouth 28 and 29 of extended line perpendicular to pipeline 27, so that entrance and exit part 204a and the 206a in Fig. 2 embodiment to be provided.Pipeline 27 is preferably made by identical metal material such as aluminium alloy with 26 with shell 25.
Pipeline 27 and shell 25 and 26 are fixed on the position of substrate 30 or oxygen concentrating apparatus shell by bolt 45.This structure makes pipeline 27 longitudinal deformation freely when being subjected to external force, and described external force may produce when these pipeline 27 thermal deformations.
Lid 23 links to each other with 26 with shell 25 with 44 by bolt 43 with 24, makes O type ring 39 and 40 be clipped in shell 25 and 26 and cover between 23 and 24, thus the end openings of sealing this shell.First and second ultrasonic transducers 20 link to each other with 24 inside surface with lid 23 with 21.First and second ultrasonic transducers 20 and 21 produce the ultrasound wave of 40KHz.
In addition, the temperature sensor 37 that is used for the detected gas temperature links to each other with 24 inside surface with lid 23 with 38.First and second ultrasonic transducers 20 are connected on the microcomputer 226 by being connected the connector 31 and 34 that covers 23 and 24 outside surfaces with 38 with temperature sensor 37 with 21, cable 33 and 36 and connector 32 and 35 be installed on the substrate 30.
Distance D between the corresponding end of first and second ultrasonic transducers 20 and 21 end face and pipeline 27 is the significant design content.Usually, comprise near sound field and far sound field from the formed sound field of the ultrasound wave of ultrasonic transducer, as shown in figure 12.Ultrasonic linear ground is propagated by near sound field, and on the other hand, in far sound field, its form with spherical wave is propagated.Therefore, if the end of pipeline 27 has exceeded near sound field, then compare with the pipeline that end is arranged in the near sound field, the ultrasonic energy that sends in the pipeline 27 can reduce, and therefore makes the sound of the signal that comes from transducer/make an uproar than reducing.
As everyone knows, the boundary between near sound field and the far sound field is with a Z
0Expression, the end face of itself and ultrasonic transducer is represented by following equation (22) along the distance D of the center line of transducer.
D＝f×r
2/C...(22)
Wherein:
F: the ultrasonic frequency in sample gas (Hz)
R: internal diameter of the pipeline (m)
C: ultrasonic velocity (m/sec)
As mentioned above, the speed C in sample gas is represented by equation (1).Therefore, gas temperature is high more and molecular weight is more little, and speed C is just high more.According to the present embodiment, make Z
0Being peaked condition is, for example, sample gas is 35 degrees centigrade air, then Z
0Be approximately 1.4mm.
Figure 13-15 has represented that its middle distance d is 0.3mm, 1.0mm and 1.8mm by the ultrasound wave waveform experimental result that equipment obtained of Figure 11.This experimental result shows, when distance d is 1.8mm, is that the situation of 0.3mm and 1.0mm is compared with distance d, and the ultrasonic energy that is received by ultrasonic transducer significantly reduces.
Claims (12)
1. the ultrasonic equipment of measuring samples gas concentration and flow comprises:
Be used for the pipeline that sample gas flows;
Be installed in the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver in the described pipeline;
Be installed in the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver relative in the described pipeline with the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver;
Transmission-receiving key is used for sending hyperacoustic sending mode and the operator scheme of accepting the switching first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers between the ultrasonic reception pattern;
Be arranged on the temperature sensor in the described pipeline, be used to measure the sample gas temperature of this pipeline of flowing through;
The described first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to sample gas flow direction ultrasound wave forward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the second received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform backward;
The described second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to sample gas flow direction ultrasound wave backward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the first received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform forward;
When forward and waveform backward generate the device of trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and the device of zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The travel-time calculation element, it is connecting temperature sensor, trigger pip generating apparatus and zero cross signal generating apparatus, be used for (1) and calculate possible travel-time scope based on the gas temperature that temperature sensor records, (2) determine that the phase place of two first trigger pips is whether consistent each other, described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward, (3) if it is inconsistent each other, then handling this zero cross signal makes its phase place consistent each other, (4) by calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly, (5) deduct the integral multiple in ultrasound wave cycle and make that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtain the ultrasound wave acceptance point, and (6) estimate described ultrasonic propagation time on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
2. according to the ultrasonic equipment of claim 1, wherein the distance along described pipeline is selected like this between first and second ultrasonic emitting-receiver, make under the possible condition of work of described ultrasonic equipment, only have one subtract the back result fall in the determined possible travel-time scope.
3. according to the ultrasonic equipment of claim 1, the internal diameter of wherein said pipeline is selected like this, makes under the condition of work of sample gas, forward described and backward the difference between the travel-time less than hyperacoustic cycle.
4. according to the ultrasonic equipment of claim 1, wherein said pipeline comprise straight line portion and with this straight line portion vertical component connected vertically;
The described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers are arranged on described vertical component with the end facing to described straight line portion; And
Distance between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described pipeline straight line portion satisfies following relation
0＜D＜f×r
2/C
Wherein:
D: the distance (m) between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described straight line portion
F: the ultrasonic frequency in the sample gas (Hz)
R: the internal diameter of pipeline (m)
C: hyperacoustic speed (m/sec).
5. the measurement method of sample gas concentration of pipeline of flowing through comprises step:
Generation is with respect to the mobile direction of sample gas ultrasound wave forward;
Generation is with respect to the mobile direction of sample gas ultrasound wave backward;
The flow through sample gas temperature of pipeline of measurement;
When forward and waveform backward generate trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The gas temperature that records based on temperature sensor calculates possible travel-time scope;
Whether the phase place of determining two first trigger pips is consistent each other, and described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward;
If it is inconsistent each other, then handles this zero cross signal and make its phase place consistent each other;
By calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly;
The integral multiple that deducts the ultrasound wave cycle makes that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtains the ultrasound wave acceptance point; And
The described ultrasonic propagation time of estimation on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
6. according to the method for claim 5, forward wherein said and ultrasound wave backward sends and receives by being arranged on the described ducted first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers, distance along described pipeline between first and second ultrasonic emitting-receiver is selected like this, make under the possible condition of work of described ultrasonic equipment, only have one subtract the back result fall in the determined possible travel-time scope.
7. according to the method for claim 5, the internal diameter of wherein said pipeline is selected like this, makes under the condition of work of sample gas, forward described and backward the difference between the travel-time less than hyperacoustic cycle.
8. oxygen concentrating system that is used to generate oxygen rich gas comprises:
Thereby by absorbing nitrogen to get rid of the oxygen concentrating apparatus that airborne nitrogen generates oxygen rich gas; And
Be used for measuring the ultrasonic equipment of described oxygen rich gas oxygen concentration and this oxygen rich gas flow, this ultrasonic equipment comprises:
Be used for the pipeline that oxygen rich gas receives and flows;
Be installed in the first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver in the described pipeline;
Be installed in the second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver relative in the described pipeline with the described first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver;
Send receiving key, be used for sending hyperacoustic sending mode and the operator scheme of accepting the switching first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers between the ultrasonic reception pattern;
Be arranged on the temperature sensor in the described pipeline, be used to measure the oxygen rich gas temperature of pipeline of flowing through;
The described first ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to oxygen rich gas flow direction ultrasound wave forward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the second received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform backward;
The described second ultrasound wave transmission-receiver produces under its sending mode with respect to oxygen rich gas flow direction ultrasound wave backward, and when it is in receiving mode, ultrasound wave based on the first received ultrasound wave transmission-receiver generates then generates waveform forward;
When forward and waveform backward generate the equipment of trigger pip when surpassing predetermined level;
When forward and waveform backward generate forward and the equipment of zero cross signal backward when surpassing zero level;
The travel-time calculation element, it is connecting temperature sensor, trigger pip generating apparatus and zero cross signal generating apparatus, be used for (1) and calculate possible travel-time scope based on the gas temperature that temperature sensor records, (2) determine that the phase place of two the-trigger pips is whether consistent each other, described two first trigger pips are respectively to generate forward and on the waveform basis backward, (3) if it is inconsistent each other, then handling this zero cross signal makes its phase place consistent each other, (4) by calculate forward and backward zero crossing mean value constantly obtain the benchmark zero crossing constantly, (5) deduct the integral multiple in ultrasound wave cycle and make that subtracting the back result falls into possible travel-time scope, thereby obtain the ultrasound wave acceptance point, and (6) estimate described ultrasonic propagation time on this ultrasound wave acceptance point basis.
9. oxygen concentrating system according to Claim 8, wherein the distance along described pipeline is selected like this between first and second ultrasonic emitting-receiver, make under the possible condition of work of described ultrasonic equipment, only have one subtract the back result fall in the determined possible travel-time scope.
10. oxygen concentrating system according to Claim 8, the internal diameter of wherein said pipeline is selected like this, makes under the condition of work of oxygen rich gas, forward described and backward the difference between the travel-time less than hyperacoustic cycle.
11. oxygen concentrating system according to Claim 8, wherein said pipeline comprise straight line portion and with this straight line portion vertical component connected vertically;
The described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers are arranged on described vertical component with the end facing to described straight line portion; And
Distance between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described pipeline straight line portion satisfies following relation
0＜D＜f×r
2/C
Wherein:
D: the distance (m) between the associated end of described first and second ultrasound wave transmission-receivers and described straight line portion
F: the ultrasonic frequency in the sample gas (Hz)
R: the internal diameter of pipeline (m)
C: hyperacoustic speed (m/sec).
12. oxygen concentrating system according to Claim 8, wherein said pipeline are fixed on certain position of oxygen concentrating apparatus, make pipeline when being subjected to external force can described straight line portion vertically on thermal expansion freely, described external force may produce when this pipeline thermal deformation.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP115333/2003 | 2003-04-21 | ||
| JP2003115333A JP4271979B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | Ultrasonic gas concentration flow measurement method and apparatus |
| JP168911/2003 | 2003-06-13 | ||
| JP271779/2003 | 2003-07-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1777791A CN1777791A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
| CN100374826C true CN100374826C (en) | 2008-03-12 |
Family
ID=33474563
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800104217A Expired - Lifetime CN100374826C (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-04-20 | Ultrasonic apparatus and method for measuring the concentration and flow rate of gas |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4271979B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100374826C (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006162458A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ultrasonic-type flow measuring apparatus |
| JP4588508B2 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2010-12-01 | 帝人ファーマ株式会社 | Gas flow rate and gas concentration measurement device using ultrasonic propagation time measurement method |
| JP2007322194A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fluid flow measuring instrument |
| JP2008014800A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Flow measuring instrument |
| CA2689711C (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2016-11-15 | Teijin Pharma Limited | Ultrasonic apparatus and method for measuring the concentration of gas |
| CN102596030B (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2015-12-09 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | For measuring the equipment of the level of specific gas in expired gas |
| CN102830164B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-07-08 | 郑州光力科技股份有限公司 | On-line detection method and apparatus of methane concentration |
| CN107278265B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2019-12-03 | 富士电机株式会社 | Measuring device, measurement method and process of measurement |
| CN107064295B (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2019-07-02 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of methane gas concentration measurement system and method |
| JP7012497B2 (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2022-01-28 | 上田日本無線株式会社 | Propagation time measuring device, gas concentration measuring device and propagation time measuring program |
| CN111238587A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-05 | 浙江威星智能仪表股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic transducer transmission time calibration method |
| CN113063467A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-02 | 哈勃智能传感(深圳)有限公司 | Sensor-based oxygen concentration and effective flow measuring method and storage medium |
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| CN1041040A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-04-04 | 西屋电气公司 | Liquid acoustic waveguide tube |
| CN1076024A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-09-08 | 蒂特达斯屈托拉仪器股份公司 | Be used for the measurement gas flow velocity and/or by the method and the device of its parameter of deriving |
| CN1078552A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-11-17 | 瓦尔蒂翁特克尼里伦图基穆斯克斯库斯公司 | The assay method and the device of gas velocity in the pipe |
| CN1221487A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1999-06-30 | 施蓝姆伯格工业公司 | Method for measuring sound signal propagation delay in fluid by zero-crossing of the said sound signal |
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2003
- 2003-04-21 JP JP2003115333A patent/JP4271979B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041040A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-04-04 | 西屋电气公司 | Liquid acoustic waveguide tube |
| CN1076024A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-09-08 | 蒂特达斯屈托拉仪器股份公司 | Be used for the measurement gas flow velocity and/or by the method and the device of its parameter of deriving |
| CN1078552A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-11-17 | 瓦尔蒂翁特克尼里伦图基穆斯克斯库斯公司 | The assay method and the device of gas velocity in the pipe |
| CN1221487A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1999-06-30 | 施蓝姆伯格工业公司 | Method for measuring sound signal propagation delay in fluid by zero-crossing of the said sound signal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4271979B2 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| JP2004317459A (en) | 2004-11-11 |
| CN1777791A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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