CN100369871C - Film packing composite for fertilizer and process for producing film packed fertilizer by same composite and obtained film packed fertilizer - Google Patents
Film packing composite for fertilizer and process for producing film packed fertilizer by same composite and obtained film packed fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100369871C CN100369871C CNB2005101264101A CN200510126410A CN100369871C CN 100369871 C CN100369871 C CN 100369871C CN B2005101264101 A CNB2005101264101 A CN B2005101264101A CN 200510126410 A CN200510126410 A CN 200510126410A CN 100369871 C CN100369871 C CN 100369871C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a film coating composite for a fertilizer, a method for producing a film coated fertilizer by using a film coating composite for a fertilizer, and a film coated fertilizer obtained. A coating film of the film coated fertilizer is composed of modified oil ester, poly isocyanate and an inorganic filler. The present invention has the advantages of no special equipment, no solvent volatilization, no environmental pollution and low price. A film forming reaction is carried out under the solvent-free condition and the normal temperature condition to prepare the film coated fertilizer. The film coated fertilizer prepared can meet the standard requirement for slow fertilizer application control. Therefore, the technique of the present invention has wide application prospects.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of coating composition of fertilizer, also relate to the method and the resulting coated fertilizer that use this composition production coated fertilizer.More specifically, the present invention relates to use the method and the resulting coated fertilizer of described coated fertilizer composition production coated fertilizer at degradable coated fertilizer composition room-temperature-curable, solvent-free.
[background technology]
Traditional fertilizer is because the solubility of nutritive element, before crop utilizes as yet serious loss or fixing will take place in its back that is manured into soil, like this, this fertilization mode not only can cause a large amount of wastes, also can cause soil compaction or desertification, cause the water source eutrophication, severe contamination water source, serious harm physical environment.These defectives US3475154,3259482,3264088,3264089,4711659 and 4772490 and JP52-38361 in detailed description is all arranged.
In order to overcome above-mentioned these defectives, people have developed a large amount of slowly-releasings, release and release control fertilizer, US3342577 describes sulphur coating urea in detail, be applied in soil by TennesseeValley Authority the end of the sixties, this coating process needs a large amount of sulphur, in addition, and in order to guarantee the integrity of coating, also need to add the mixture of 30% polyvinyl resin and 70% mineral oil, will reduce the nitrogen content of fertilizer like this.In addition, the inorganic coat fertilizer of other kind has for example been proposed at US4023955 in 1977, for example be coated with trilaminar release fertilizer, promptly at fertilizer surface parcel one deck cement, picture masonry cement (limy), silicate cement, wrap up second layer semipermeability elastomerics again, wrap up the 3rd layer of trace element then.US5849060 discloses and has used the inorganics of indissoluble to wrap up easy molten fertilizer, the production method of preparation release fertilizer.
At present, the organic compound coating controlled-release fertilizer that numerous species is arranged, its coating material can be natural polymer and synthetic polymkeric substance, and natural polymer comprises rubber, Mierocrystalline cellulose and natural fats and oils etc., and synthetic polymer can be divided into two classes: thermosetting polymer and thermoplastic polymer.In organic package/parcel film release and release control fertilizer, the natural macromolecular material readily biodegradable, but controlled capability is relatively poor, and therefore, research focuses mostly on semi-synthetic and synthetic polymer materials.The thermoplastic material that can be used as release fertilizer mould material mainly contains: Vinylite, polyolefine, polystyrene, polyacrylic ester, polyester, polyalkylene oxide, derivatived cellulose, polymeric amide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polysulfones etc.The thermosetting material that can be used as release fertilizer mould material mainly contains: polyester, as Synolac and modified alkyd resin thereof, Resins, epoxy, urethane, aminoresin etc., US6139597 has done detailed description to the composition and the production method of these release fertilizer.
Also have many patent disclosures the use polymkeric substance as mould material production release fertilizer, US3475154 and 3264089 for example, they disclose polymer dissolution in volatile solvent, in the drying and forming-film process, make solvent evaporates again, thereby form many apertures on the coating surface, help the stripping of nutritive element like this.
Moore discloses in US6045810 and has used multiple polymers to prepare the method for film-coated controlled release fertilizer as the film material, and controlled-release effect is good.These film materials are respectively (i) urethane (account for film weight 20%) and melamine cyanurate; (ii) by prepared liquid polyesters polyvalent alcohol of recyclable plastics bottle (adding trimerization ammonia amine) and polymeric MDI (4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, as one of film forming material) (high poly-MDI: oligomeric MDI=1: 1) react resulting polyurethane resin; (iii) low-molecular-weight grafted chain shaped polyethylene resin (about molecular weight 4000, about 110 ℃ of fusing points).
In US6413292, people such as the v.Locquengh of BASF AG use terephthalic acid, lipid acid, neopentyl glycol, Diethylene Glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, petroleum benzene six acid dianhydrides, 1, the synthetic polymkeric substance that obtains of hexamethylene-diisocyanate is as the coating of release and release control fertilizer, this release and release control fertilizer has biological degradability, therefore this fertilizer degraded voluntarily after being manured into soil is without any residue.
In US6509440, people such as Sakane have done research to aliphatic polyester and aliphatic polyester resin degradable membrane.This aliphatic polyester has controlled pyrolysis, water-disintegrable and biological degradability, ring-opening polymerization effect by lactone or rac-Lactide and single alcohol or pure metal-salt makes-and OH reduces to 50% and 30% with the amount of-COOH, again further with isocyanic ester, carbodiimide, isocyanic acid urea, west not alkali or cyclic ester pyroreaction to form urea key, ester bond and amine key, the polymkeric substance of Xing Chenging can directly be coated onto particle surface and forms and to film like this, also can form film with polycaprolactone, ethyl cellulose or their mixture reaction.This base polymer can be because of moisture solidifies when the preparation coat fertilizer, and the film of formation has good heat impedance and shock resistance.
US4369055 discloses sulphur powder or titanium valve has been dispersed in the lower molecular weight paraffin polymkeric substance, uses resulting dispersion liquid to prepare coated fertilizer.In US6152981, Bayer company develops the controlled release fertilizer of sulfur-containing polyurethane coating, and polyurethane matrix is given coating favorable mechanical performance, and sulphur uniform distribution in this polymeric matrix, rather than is deposited in a large number on the release and release control fertilizer surface.
US4711659 and 4969947 uses the coated fertilizer of polyurethane(s) as fertilizer sources, but this substrate can not be applied to all fertilizer.
JP97561/1993 discloses three layers of film-coated controlled release fertilizer that use a kind of Biodegradable films and the preparation of a kind of water soluble resin, and its shortcoming is to control biological degradation rate and solubility rate simultaneously.Thickness need reach 500 to 2000 μ m.Because adopt trilamellar membrane that this fertiliser production cost is improved, its commercial value is still waiting to consider.
CA2135788 has discussed the multilayered structure coating controlled-release fertilizer that adopts two kinds of material preparations.These two kinds of materials have different element leaching rates and different rate of perviousness.
US5538531 has adopted double layer material to prepare coat fertilizer.Internal layer is every mole and contains the polyvalent alcohol that contains 2 to 3 hydroxyls that 1.5 to 3-NCO and 10% to 50% aromatic isocyanate in mass and carbon chain lengths are 10 to 20 carbon atoms that outer paraffin with 50 ℃ to 120 ℃ of fusing points wraps up.
US5599374 then is the sulphur coat fertilizer.This coat fertilizer has added polymeric polyisocyanate, for example the multipolymer of methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and divinyl alcohol (DEG) or trolamine (TEOA) and improved the integrity and the abrasion resistance of film.Wherein not only the react effect of thing of TEOA also plays catalyzer.
US6001147 adopts asymmetric polyurethane preparation controlled release fertilizer.This asymmetric urethane is by a) polyisocyanate component; B) containing an aliphatic amide component primary hydroxyl or secondary hydroxyl at least forms.-NCO is 0.5: 1.0 to 1.5: 1.0 with the ratio of active hydrogen, contains 0.5 to 1.5% polymkeric substance in the whole fertilizer components.
In CN200310116857, people such as Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's Zhang Fudao, Wang Yujun are raw material with hydroxyethyl methylacrylate, vinyl cyanide and starch, adopt microemulsified and high-shear technology to prepare the heterogeneous mixed polymers of nano level hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-vinyl cyanide-starch, be used for water-maintaining slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer coating cementing agent and organic-inorganic complex fertilizer granulation tackiness agent.In CN200310116855,200310116856 they also to have studied with weathered coal, domestic sludge and waste plastic be the water-maintaining slow/controlled release coating matrix material that main raw material is made.CN02149247 is that raw material, CN02126009 are material with typical clay mineral-kaolin and polynite with the black liquid, adopts the hydrated ion expanding method and micro-emulsion technology, high-shear technology prepare nano-kaoline, polynite-clay polyester mixed polymer is used for slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer coating tackiness agent.
CN03140097 adopts fluidized-bed process, uses water soluble resin to solidify enwrapped granule shape composite fertilizer at 50 ℃～60 ℃, makes filmcoated controlled release fertilizer.
CN031539642.4 discloses a kind of agricultural water-holding slow-release fertilizer, and this fertilizer contains water-holding agent, slow release fertilizer and Water Quenching Slag.Water-holding agent comprises starch series or Mierocrystalline cellulose series or synthetic polymer series; Slow release fertilizer comprises coated fertilizer, as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) straight fertilizer, binary, ternary resin coated fertilizer or contain the trace element coated fertilizer and low solubility fertilizer, as urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde, urea isobutyric aldehyde etc.; Nutritive elements such as Water Quenching Slag calcic, magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese; The plant growth hormones that also contains trace, for example root-inducing powder etc.
It is the modified epoxy resin integument release and release control fertilizer of undercoat that CN200410024049.7 discloses with spraying urea.This method for preparing fertilizer is that elder generation's spraying one deck urea on the fertiliser granulates surface is undercoat, is coated with modified epoxy again as controlled release layer on this undercoat.This modified epoxy is on the fertilizer surface on the spot behind the film-forming, have good block water, shock resistance and wear resistance.
In existing these technology, a common problem of existence is will be polymer-coated during to the fertilizer surface, needs to adopt a large amount of organic solvents, and realizes at a certain temperature being coated with.The solvent that uses in these prior aries is difficult for reclaiming, and so not only causes waste, has increased the cost of product, and also the health to the operator causes damage and contaminate environment.The possessor has done some improvement to the greatest extent, and for example in US5631045, people such as Yaniv are dissolved in high-viscosity polymer, wax or grease in the solvent and are convenient to the coating process operation to obtain low viscosity solution, yet still will use solvent.In addition, existing coated fertilizer is difficult to obtain to use widely in the land for growing field crops, and its major cause is that these fertilizer are on the high side, and therefore reducing production costs becomes an important topic of research and extension coat fertilizer.
[summary of the invention]
[problem that will solve]
The coating composition that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fertilizer, a kind of at degradable coating composition room-temperature-curable, solvent-free.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of using described coating preparation of compositions coated fertilizer.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of coated fertilizer that uses described coating preparation of compositions.
[technical scheme]
The present invention uses modified grease and poly isocyanate mixture to prepare coating controlled-release fertilizer as coated fertilizer, and this coated fertilizer at room temperature can solvent-free film-forming under the condition that does not need specific installation.The coat fertilizer that makes can reach the purpose that slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer nutrition discharges, and its coating can be degraded in edatope voluntarily.These character make and operative employee's human and environment are not worked the mischief in the process of preparation controlled release fertilizer, can be not residual in being manured into soil, and technology is simple, adopts cheap grease to reduce production cost, is adapted at the land for growing field crops and promotes the use of.
Term used in this application " coating " should be appreciated that it has and identical meanings such as other term " parcel " that usually uses, " coating " in technical field of fertilizers.
Term used in this application " coated fertilizer " should be appreciated that it has and identical meanings such as other term " Wrapped fertilizer " that usually uses, " coated fertilizer ", " slow release fertilizer ", " release and release control fertilizer " in technical field of fertilizers.
Below detailed composition of the present invention.
A kind of fertilizer coating composition is characterized in that the composed as follows of it: by weight percentage
16.67%～53.36% grease
6.66%～33.33% poly isocyanate
33.33%～66.67% mineral filler
Described grease is the natural fats and oils of hydroxy radical content 0.72mmol/g to 2.9mmol/g
Or modified natural grease.
Described grease is one or more animal oil and/or vegetables oil of being selected from lard, Viscotrol C, soya-bean oil, peanut oil, plam oil, oleum lini, sunflower seed oil, oleum gossypii seminis, Rice pollard oil, tung oil.
Preferably, described grease is one or more animal oil and/or vegetables oil that are selected from lard, Viscotrol C, oleum lini, oleum gossypii seminis, Rice pollard oil, tung oil.
Described grease is a modified grease, they with the polyalcohols modification, the grease molecule contains 2～6 two keys, carbon chain lengths is the animal oil and/or the vegetables oil of 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
The NCO content of described poly isocyanate is 30% to 33%, and viscosity is 100～500mPas.
It is that one or more are selected from wilkinite, ground phosphate rock, titanium dioxide, clay, talcous filler that described poly isocyanate is selected from the described mineral filler of low viscous MDI, PAPI (poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate), and its mineral filler fineness is 50～300 orders.
Preferably, described mineral filler is that one or more are selected from wilkinite, ground phosphate rock, clay, talcous filler.
Fertilizer coating preparation of compositions method of the present invention is described below.
Carry out described oil modification under the following conditions: under nitrogen gas stream, mol ratio according to polyvalent alcohol and vegetables oil or animal oil was used polyalcohols such as glycerine or tetramethylolmethane in 0.2: 1～0.5: 1, temperature of reaction is controlled at 230 ℃～270 ℃, the calcium oxide that uses 0.06-0.20 weight % is as catalyzer, hydroxyl is introduced in the described grease, made hydroxy radical content reach 0.72mmol/g to 2.9mmol/g.Unsaturated link(age) during modification in the logical nitrogen protection oil.
Then, the modified grease after the alcoholysis at room temperature carries out hybrid reaction with polymeric isocyanate again, obtains the end capped performed polymer of isocyano of certain polymerization degree like this.After performed polymer is applied to the fertilizer surface, add filler, the moisture reaction generates unsettled methyl propylhomoserin and is decomposed into amine and carbonic acid gas in end capped isocyano and the filler, in the air, and isocyanic ester generates urea with the amine reaction again, thereby in fertilizer surface cure film forming.The carbonic acid gas of emitting in the reaction process can form micropore on film surface, the size of utilizing water content and filler particle size in the filler can regulate micropore is to control the rate of release of nutritive element.
Specifically describe the production method of coated fertilizer below.
A kind of production method of coated fertilizer is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
A) the dry moisture that removes in the degrease under vacuum, or in nitrogen gas stream, polyvalent alcohol and vegetables oil or animal oil are according to 0.2: 1～0.5: 1 mixture of mol ratio, under agitation be heated to 200 ℃, the calcium oxide that adds 0.06-0.20 weight % again, continue to be warming up to 230 ℃～240 ℃ after the insulation again, discharge material behind the insulation 2h, drier 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg;
B) poly isocyanate mixes according to weight ratio 0.8-2.0/2.0-4.0 with above-mentioned modification or unmodified fat, obtain coated fertilizer after mixing, spray to this coated fertilizer on the fertiliser granulates equably, add mineral filler again, its amount be by weight for the 1.0-2.0 of modification or unmodified fat weight doubly, film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.
Wherein, described modified grease contains 2～6 two keys with polyalcohols modification, each grease molecule, and carbon chain lengths is the animal oil and/or the vegetables oil of 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
Described mineral filler is that one or more are selected from wilkinite, ground phosphate rock, titanium dioxide, clay, talcous filler, and its mineral filler fineness is 50～300 orders.
The invention still further relates to a kind of coated fertilizer that adopts aforesaid method to produce, it is characterized in that in this coated fertilizer the amount of coating is 5% to 40% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.The nuclear core of coated fertilizer is the composite fertilizer of particulate state nitrogenous fertilizer and Yi Rong, its particle diameter 2mm～5mm.
The measuring method of coat fertilizer solubility rate in water is described below.
Take by weighing fertilizer at 1: 20 and water is put into triangular flask according to the weight ratio of fertilizer and water, place this triangular flask 30 ℃ of thermostat containers to reach 24h and 7d, measure the fertilizer nutritive element content in the water, thereby can calculate its nutrient differential solubility rate according to following formula:
Differential solubility rate (%)=(7d solubility rate-24h solubility rate) * (1/ (placing fate-1))
The differential solubility rate is represented from average solubility rate second day every day.
The 7d solubility rate is represented total solubility rate of mensuration after 7 days.
The 24h solubility rate is represented the solubility rate of mensuration after 1 day.
Fertilizer was put into the actual fate of water when the placement fate was represented to measure solubility rate.
The solubility rate of coated carbamide 24h of the present invention is less than 15%, and the 7d solubility rate is less than 60%.
Will according to coating composition proportioning (oil: MDI=3: the fine and close lump of the urethane 1) made, be cut into the 2.00g fritter, be put in the soil three months, there is mould on the test block surface.Weigh behind the vacuum-drying 24h, mass loss rate can reach 5%.
[beneficial effect]
The present invention utilizes inexpensive natural fats and oils (or modified grease) and isocyanate reaction, under solvent-free condition, react film forming, the preparation coated fertilizer, reaction is carried out at normal temperatures, do not need specific installation, solvent-free volatilization, environmentally safe, and low price, the coated fertilizer of preparation can satisfy the slow-release or control-release fertilizer standard-required, coated fertilizer can be degraded under the effect of microorganism and fungi, is suitable for China's national situation and land for growing field crops and promotes, and has broad application prospects.
(4) embodiment
Be used for further describing the present invention with the test example by the following examples.
Embodiment 1 preparation Viscotrol C coating composition Al and coated fertilizer
This coating preparation of compositions step is as follows: moisture is removed in Viscotrol C vacuum-drying, with moisture controlled below 0.1% (weight).This dewatered Viscotrol C of 300g mixes with the 100g polymeric MDI, use agitator that its mixture is mixed and obtain coated fertilizer, in addition 4000g (granularity 2-5mm) compound manure (15-15-15) is added in the rotary drum, re-use the small-sized household atomizer mixture is sprayed onto on this compound manure surface, add 600g ground phosphate rock again.Under rotary drum constantly rotated, this coated fertilizer was uniformly coated on this compound manure surface, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.
Fertilizer nutrient 24h and 7d solubility rate measuring method are as follows.
The coat fertilizer 5g that takes by weighing present embodiment places 100ml water (rich water was than 1: 20), places 30 ℃ of thermostat containers to place 24h and 7d, surveys its nutrient solubility rate, 4 repetitions of each sample.
Being calculated as follows of differential solubility rate:
Differential solubility rate (%)=(7d solubility rate-24h solubility rate) * (1/ (placing fate-1)).The solubility rate of this coated fertilizer is listed in the table below 1.
Embodiment 2 preparation tung oil-Viscotrol C coating composition A2 and coated fertilizers
This coating preparation of compositions step is as follows:
1) 30g tung oil, 125g Viscotrol C, 7.05g glycerine are added in the four-hole boiling flask, stirring heating under nitrogen gas stream refluxes, be heated to 200 ℃, add the calcium oxide of 0.06 weight % again, insulation 15min, continue to be warming up to 230 ℃～240 ℃, discharge material behind the insulation 2h.Dry 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg again.
2) according to similarly to Example 1 mode, above-mentioned modified oil 250g, polymeric MDI 125g mixed obtain coated fertilizer, (3-5mm 6-8mm) on the surface, adds the 500g wilkinite its coated fertilizer to be sprayed to 4000g urea more again.Under rotary drum constantly rotated, this coated fertilizer was uniformly coated on this compound manure surface, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.According to the method for calculation of coated fertilizer solubility rate among the embodiment 1, the solubility rate of this coated fertilizer is listed in the table below 1.
Embodiment 3 preparation sunflower seed oil-tung oil coating composition A3 and coated fertilizers
This coating preparation of compositions step is as follows:
1) 30g tung oil, 120g sunflower seed oil, 18.8g glycerine are added in the four-hole boiling flask, stirring heating under nitrogen gas stream refluxes, be heated to 200 ℃, add the calcium oxide of 0.08 weight % again, insulation 15min, continue to be warming up to 230 ℃～240 ℃, discharge material behind the insulation 2h.Dry 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg again.
2) according to similarly to Example 1 mode, above-mentioned modified oil 300g, polymeric MDI 150g mixed obtain coated fertilizer, again its coated fertilizer is sprayed on the 4000g compound manure surface, add 600g ground phosphate rock again.Under rotary drum constantly rotated, this coated fertilizer was uniformly coated on this compound manure surface, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.According to the method for calculation of coated fertilizer solubility rate among the embodiment 1, the solubility rate of this coated fertilizer is listed in the table below 1.
Embodiment 4 preparation soya-bean oil-Viscotrol C I coating composition A4 and coated fertilizers
This coating preparation of compositions step is as follows:
1) 30g Viscotrol C, 120g soya-bean oil, 15.0g glycerine are added in the four-hole boiling flask, stirring heating under nitrogen gas stream refluxes, and is heated to 200 ℃, adds the calcium oxide of 0.08 weight %, and insulation 15min continues to be warming up to 230 ℃～240 ℃, discharges material behind the insulation 2h.Dry 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg again.
2) according to similarly to Example 1 mode, above-mentioned modified oil 300g, polymeric MDI 100g mixed obtain coated fertilizer, again its coated fertilizer is sprayed on the 4000g fertilizer surface, add the 600g wilkinite again.Under rotary drum constantly rotated, this coated fertilizer was uniformly coated on this compound manure surface, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.According to the method for calculation of coated fertilizer solubility rate among the embodiment 1, the solubility rate of this coated fertilizer is listed in the table below 1.
Embodiment 5 preparation soya-bean oil-Viscotrol C II coating composition A5 and coated fertilizers
This coating preparation of compositions step is as follows:
1) 120g Viscotrol C, 120g soya-bean oil are added in the four-hole boiling flask, reflux, stirring heating under nitrogen gas stream refluxes, and is heated to 200 ℃, adds the calcium oxide of 0.09 weight %, and insulation 15min continues to be warming up to 230 ℃～240 ℃, discharges material behind the insulation 2h.Dry 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg again.
2) according to similarly to Example 1 mode, the oily 300g after the top modification, polymeric MDI 100g mixed obtain coated fertilizer, again its coated fertilizer is sprayed on the 4000g fertilizer surface, add 600g ground phosphate rock again.Under rotary drum constantly rotated, this coated fertilizer was uniformly coated on this compound manure surface, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture, obtained coated fertilizer like this.According to the method for calculation of coated fertilizer solubility rate among the embodiment 1, the solubility rate of this coated fertilizer is listed in the table below 1.
Table 1 different experiments solubility rate determination data
| Test number | 24h solubility rate/% | 7d solubility rate/% | Differential solubility rate/% |
| A1 | 11.54 | 40.85 | 4.89 |
| A2 | 9.87 | 35.26 | 4.23 |
| A3 | 12.34 | 45.68 | 5.56 |
| A4 | 13.56 | 50.83 | 6.21 |
| A5 | 9.65 | 36.33 | 4.45 |
The biological degradation of experimental example 1 coated fertilizer
For the biological degradation situation of coating composition of the present invention is described, with coating composition (oil: MDI=3: 1 of the present invention, mass ratio) the smooth lump of making of fine and close urethane, be cut into the 2.00g fritter, be put in the soil and take out after three months, there is mould on the test block surface, and the surface forms micropore, weigh behind the vacuum-drying 24h, mass loss rate reaches 5%.The ammoniacum key that the formation of modified grease and isocyanic ester is described decomposes under action of microorganisms, and along with the growth of time, its degradation speed can be faster.
Claims (5)
1. fertilizer coating composition is characterized in that the composed as follows of it: by weight percentage,
16.67%～53.36% grease
6.66%～33.33% poly isocyanate
33.33%～66.67% mineral filler,
Described grease is vegetables oil or the modified vegetable oil of hydroxy radical content 0.72mmol/g to 2.9mmol/g; Described poly isocyanate be polymerization 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate; Described mineral filler is wilkinite or ground phosphate rock.
2. fertilizer coating composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vegetables oil is that one or more are selected from Viscotrol C, soya-bean oil, peanut oil, plam oil, oleum lini, sunflower seed oil, oleum gossypii seminis, Rice pollard oil, tung oil.
3. coating composition according to claim 2 is characterized in that described vegetables oil is that one or more are selected from Viscotrol C, oleum lini, oleum gossypii seminis, Rice pollard oil, tung oil.
4. the production method of a coated fertilizer is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
A) the dry moisture of removing in the vegetables oil under vacuum, or polyvalent alcohol mixed according to mol ratio with vegetables oil in 0.2: 1～0.5: 1 under nitrogen gas stream, under agitation be heated to 200 ℃, the calcium oxide that adds 0.06-0.20 weight %, continue to be warming up to 230～240 ℃ after the insulation again, discharge material behind the insulation 2h, dry 2h under 110 ℃ of vacuum 5mmHg gets modified vegetable oil again;
B) poly isocyanate mixes according to weight ratio 0.8-2.0/2.0-4.0 with above-mentioned modification or unmodified vegetables oil, after mixing, spray on the fertiliser granulates equably, the amount of described fertilizer is poly isocyanate and modification/unmodified vegetables oil total amount 10 times, add mineral filler again, its amount is to be 1.0～2.0 times of modification or unmodified vegetables oil weight by weight, and film forming was solidified after coated fertilizer absorbed airborne moisture; Wherein, described poly isocyanate be polymerization 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate; Described mineral filler is wilkinite or ground phosphate rock.
5. a coated fertilizer of producing according to the described method of claim 4 is characterized in that the amount of coating is 5% to 40% of a fertilizer gross weight, and coated fertilizer nuclear core is the composite fertilizer of particulate state nitrogenous fertilizer and Yi Rong, its particle diameter 2mm～5mm.
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| CNB2005101264101A CN100369871C (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2005-12-08 | Film packing composite for fertilizer and process for producing film packed fertilizer by same composite and obtained film packed fertilizer |
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| CNB2005101264101A CN100369871C (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2005-12-08 | Film packing composite for fertilizer and process for producing film packed fertilizer by same composite and obtained film packed fertilizer |
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| CN100369871C true CN100369871C (en) | 2008-02-20 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1135745A (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-11-13 | 阿冶乐西技术有限公司 | Process for producing improved sulfur-coated urea slow release fertilizers |
| CN1271532A (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2000-11-01 | 行星聚合物技术股份有限公司 | Control releasing urea base product |
| US20030040435A1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-02-27 | Karl Haberle | Slow-release fertilizers and method for production of same |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1135745A (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-11-13 | 阿冶乐西技术有限公司 | Process for producing improved sulfur-coated urea slow release fertilizers |
| CN1271532A (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2000-11-01 | 行星聚合物技术股份有限公司 | Control releasing urea base product |
| US20030040435A1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-02-27 | Karl Haberle | Slow-release fertilizers and method for production of same |
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| CN1793084A (en) | 2006-06-28 |
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