CN100368377C - Tech. of producing ortho nitro methyl-phenoxide para nitro methyl-phenoxide and meta nitro chlorobenzene from chlorobenzene - Google Patents
Tech. of producing ortho nitro methyl-phenoxide para nitro methyl-phenoxide and meta nitro chlorobenzene from chlorobenzene Download PDFInfo
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- CN100368377C CN100368377C CNB2006100854888A CN200610085488A CN100368377C CN 100368377 C CN100368377 C CN 100368377C CN B2006100854888 A CNB2006100854888 A CN B2006100854888A CN 200610085488 A CN200610085488 A CN 200610085488A CN 100368377 C CN100368377 C CN 100368377C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technology for producing o-nitroanisole, p-nitroanisole and meta-nitroanisole by using chlorobenzene, which belongs t the field of fine chemical industry. Chlorobenzene is used as raw materials, nitrochlorobenzene mixtures are obtained through the nitration of the chlorobenzene, the nitrochlorobenzene mixtures directly take place etherification reaction in etherifying agents, and o-nitroanisole products, p-nitroanisole products and meta-nitroanisole products are obtained through the separation and the refining of etherifying products. The preparation process of the present invention is a clean production process and has the advantages of cleanness, safety, reliability, high product yield, low production cost, environmental protection, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fine chemical technology field, specifically, relate to a kind of technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene.
Background technology
O-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene are the important intermediate of industry such as dyestuff, medicine, spices.Traditional nitro phenylate production method mainly is raw material with the chlorobenzene, the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture is produced in reaction through mixed acid nitrification, the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture gets o-Nitrochlorobenzene, m-nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride finished product respectively through rectifying-Crystallization Separation, o-Nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride carry out the corresponding o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether of etherification reaction production, p-Nitromethoxybenzene respectively at etherifying agent, and chemical reaction is as follows:
The content that the chlorobenzene mixed acid nitrification obtains three kinds of isomer is substantially: p-Nitrophenyl chloride accounts for 65%, o-Nitrochlorobenzene accounts for 30%, m-nitrochlorobenzene accounts for 1%.The nitro-chlorobenzene mixture gets o-Nitrochlorobenzene, m-nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride finished product respectively through rectifying-Crystallization Separation.By o-Nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride etherification reaction taking place in etherifying agent respectively and generate corresponding o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene, gets product through vacuum fractionation, crystallization.The present technological process of production is long, sepn process is complicated, operational condition is harsh, facility investment and process cost are big, drawbacks such as raw materials cost height.Particularly mixing nitro-chlorobenzene adopts rectifying-Crystallization Separation to get o-Nitrochlorobenzene, m-nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride finished product production technique respectively, the rectifying tower investment is big, the rectifying energy consumption is big, the cost height, make holding at high price of product o-Nitrochlorobenzene, p-Nitrophenyl chloride and m-nitrochlorobenzene, and can produce more unmanageable organic waste residues through distillation operation.
Summary of the invention
It is short to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technical process, and sepn process is simple, and production cost is low, and safety performance is strong, and production process does not have the technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene of the three wastes.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is: the technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene, with the chlorobenzene is raw material, chlorobenzene gets the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture through nitration reaction, etherification reaction directly takes place in the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture in etherifying agent, the etherification reaction product obtains refining obtain o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene product through separation.The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is: described processing step is as follows:
The first step, will be after the preheating of raw material chlorobenzene with nitration mixture in the reaction of thermal insulation nitration device generation continuous nitrification, the nitration mixture in the reaction process is to be mixed by the nitric acid of technical grade and sulfuric acid;
Second step, through the material temperature of continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction between 60～140 ℃, decompression steams water and a small amount of nitric acid, and spent acid is concentrated;
After the 3rd step, evaporation concentration finish, carry out liquid liquid and separate, water is mainly waste acid liquor, separates through removal of impurities, for recycling; Organic phase is mainly o-Nitrochlorobenzene, p-Nitrophenyl chloride, a small amount of m-nitrochlorobenzene and a small amount of organic impurity;
The 4th step, under the acid binding agent existence condition, the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture directly and etherifying agent generation etherification reaction obtains o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene through separation and purification.
Further, in the described chlorobenzene nitration reaction process, chlorobenzene is through carrying out thermal insulation nitration with nitration mixture at the thermal insulation nitration device, the nitration mixture of nitration reaction is mixed by a certain percentage by 98% sulfuric acid, 95% nitric acid and 65% nitric acid of technical grade, the dehydration value of nitration mixture is between 2.0～4.8, the mol ratio of chlorobenzene and nitric acid is 1: between the 0.80-1.20, the service temperature of nitration reaction is between 60～140 ℃.
Further, in the described chlorobenzene nitration reaction process, use quick liquid liquid mixing equipment to carry out the continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction, the nitrator of continuous thermal insulating nitration is stirring tank mixing tank, jet jet mixer, percussion flow mixing tank, static mixer or dynamic mixer.
Further, behind the described chlorobenzene nitration reaction end of processing, during nitration mixture evaporation concentration liquid liquid separates, the nitro-chlorobenzene and the mixed acid liquid mixture that obtain after chlorobenzene and the nitration mixture generation nitration reaction, this mixture through vacuum-evaporation dewater, liquid liquid separates, water is for reclaiming refuse acid, and through returning adiabatic nitration nitration mixture system after the removal of impurities processing, oil phase carries out the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture of etherification reaction as next step.
Further, describedly produce o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether with chlorobenzene, the technology of p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene, in the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture in the etherification reaction process, o-Nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride generate o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether and p-Nitromethoxybenzene respectively, m-nitrochlorobenzene does not participate in reaction, etherifying agent can be a methyl alcohol, also can be acid binding agent and methanol mixture or compound, acid binding agent can be: sodium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, volatile salt, magnesiumcarbonate, lime carbonate, bicarbonate of ammonia or sodium bicarbonate, operation temperature are 60 ℃～160 ℃.
Further, described technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene, in the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture in the etherification reaction process, methyltertiarvbutyl ether reactor can adopt continuous tubular reactor, the placed in-line continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) of many stills, batch stirred tank reactor, quick liquid liquid mixing equipment etc., for example stirring tank mixing tank, jet jet mixer, percussion flow mixing tank, static mixer, dynamic mixer.
After adopting technique scheme, adopt the present invention only need use equipment such as nitrator, nitro-chlorobenzene mixture methyltertiarvbutyl ether reactor, and need not to use rectifying tower, overcome the shortcoming that existing Nitroanisole production process is mainly carried out the corresponding o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether of etherification reaction production, p-Nitromethoxybenzene respectively with the o-Nitrochlorobenzene that obtained by separation and p-Nitrophenyl chloride finished product, particularly avoided in the production process nitro-chlorobenzene through drawbacks such as rectifying-Crystallization Separation process complex operations condition harshness, facility investment and process cost are big.Production technique of the present invention and method are process for cleanly preparing, have that production cost is low, production stability and an advantage safe, that process does not have the three wastes, can directly carry out large-scale industrial production.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is for producing the process flow sheet of o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The equipment that the present invention will use is nitrator, nitro-chlorobenzene mixture methyltertiarvbutyl ether reactor, filtration unit, solvent recovery unit and crystallizer etc.Methyltertiarvbutyl ether reactor can adopt continuous tubular reactor, the placed in-line continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) of many stills, batch stirred tank reactor, quick liquid liquid mixing equipment, for example stirring tank mixing tank, jet jet mixer, percussion flow mixing tank, static mixer, dynamic mixer etc.
Embodiment one
As shown in the figure, with the technology that chlorobenzene is produced o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene, described processing step is as follows:
The first step, in continuous static mixing tank thermal insulation nitration device, chlorobenzene is 1: 1.05 with the ratio of nitric acid mole, the dehydration value of nitration mixture is between 2.0～3.2, the continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction takes place in service temperature between 80～120 ℃, the chlorobenzene raw material reacts at thermal insulation nitration device generation continuous nitrification with nitration mixture after preheating, and the nitration mixture in the reaction process is to be mixed by the nitric acid of technical grade and sulfuric acid;
Second step, through the 28.0kPa that is decompressed to of the material of continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction, steam water and residue nitric acid, 40%～75% spent acid is condensed into 60%～90% sulfuric acid;
After the 3rd step, evaporation concentration finish, carry out liquid liquid and separate, water is mainly waste acid liquor, separates through removal of impurities, and this mixed acid liquid can return adiabatic nitration nitration mixture system after handling through removal of impurities, for recycling; Organic phase is mainly o-Nitrochlorobenzene, p-Nitrophenyl chloride and a small amount of m-nitrochlorobenzene, micro organic impurity and unreacted a small amount of raw material, carries out the raw material of etherification reaction as next step;
The 4th step, the continuous etherification reaction thermal insulation of generation in continuous static mixing tank etherificate, be 100ml at methyl alcohol and sodium hydroxide ratio: about 13.5g, total mole of o-Nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride is about 1.0: 1.05 with the sodium hydroxide mol ratio, and continuous etherification reaction thermal insulation takes place about 160 ℃;
After the 5th step, etherification reaction product evaporate recovery through etherifying agent, m-nitrochlorobenzene wherein reclaims by vacuum-evaporation and obtains the m-nitrochlorobenzene crude product, and the m-nitrochlorobenzene crude product obtains the m-nitrochlorobenzene product through adopt the crystallization method separation and purification in etherifying agent;
Mixture after the 6th step, the evaporation obtains o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether and p-Nitromethoxybenzene product through solid-liquid separation, crystallization, recrystallization separation and purification.
Embodiment two
A kind of technology that is used in the continuous thermal insulating nitration of jet injection nitrator, described processing step is as follows:
(1). the nitration mixture preformulation
98% sulfuric acid, 95% nitric acid and 65% nitric acid are mixed by a certain percentage;
(2). the continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction
Spray in the nitrator at jet, the chlorobenzene raw material reacts at thermal insulation nitration device generation continuous nitrification with nitration mixture after preheating, and reaction result sees Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Chlorobenzene/nitric acid | Starting temperature/℃ | End temp/℃ | Chlorobenzene transformation efficiency/% |
| 1 2 3 | 0.99 1.03 1.06 | 52 55 51 | 122 124 119 | 96.51 99.85 99.79 |
Embodiment three
The high pressure etherification technology of a kind of chlorobenzene nitration product in stirred-tank reactor, described processing step is as follows:
(1). after the separation of the process of the nitration product among the embodiment two liquid liquid, add in the reaction under high pressure stirring tank, ratio with methyl alcohol and sodium hydroxide is made as 100ml simultaneously: between the 1 adjacent 18g, the mol ratio of adjacency pair nitro-chlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide is 1.0: 1.05 input autoclaves, airtightly be warming up to 70 ℃, be incubated 3 hours; Slowly heat up 80 ℃, insulation reaction 4 hours heats up 90 ℃ again, is incubated 16 hours.Sampling detects the content of neighbour, p-Nitromethoxybenzene.
(2). after the etherification reaction product evaporated recovery through etherifying agent, m-nitrochlorobenzene wherein reclaimed by vacuum-evaporation and obtains the m-nitrochlorobenzene crude product, and the m-nitrochlorobenzene crude product obtains the m-nitrochlorobenzene product through adopt the crystallization method separation and purification in etherifying agent;
(3). the mixture after the evaporation can make purity 99% above p-Nitromethoxybenzene and 98% above o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether product through solid-liquid separation, crystallization, recrystallization separation and purification.
Claims (6)
1. technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene is characterized in that described processing step is as follows:
The first step, will be after the preheating of raw material chlorobenzene with nitration mixture in the reaction of thermal insulation nitration device generation continuous nitrification, the nitration mixture in the reaction process is to be mixed by nitric acid and sulfuric acid;
Second step, through the material temperature of continuous thermal insulating nitration reaction between 60～140 ℃, decompression steams water and a small amount of nitric acid, and spent acid is concentrated;
After the 3rd step, evaporation concentration finish, carry out liquid liquid and separate, water is mainly waste acid liquor, separates through removal of impurities, for recycling; Organic phase is mainly o-Nitrochlorobenzene, p-Nitrophenyl chloride, a small amount of m-nitrochlorobenzene and a small amount of organic impurity;
The 4th step, under the acid binding agent existence condition, the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture directly and etherifying agent generation etherification reaction obtains o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene through separation and purification.
2. technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: chlorobenzene is through carrying out thermal insulation nitration with nitration mixture at the thermal insulation nitration device, the nitration mixture of nitration reaction is mixed by a certain percentage by 98% sulfuric acid, 95% nitric acid and 65% nitric acid of technical grade, the dehydration value of nitration mixture is between 2.0-4.8, the mol ratio of chlorobenzene and nitric acid is 1: between the 0.80-1.20, the service temperature of nitration reaction is between 60～140 ℃.
3. technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the nitrator of realizing continuous thermal insulating nitration is stirring tank mixing tank, jet jet mixer, percussion flow mixing tank, static mixer or dynamic mixer.
4. technology of producing o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene with chlorobenzene according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the nitro-chlorobenzene and the mixed acid liquid mixture that obtain after chlorobenzene and the nitration mixture generation nitration reaction, this mixture through vacuum-evaporation dewater, liquid liquid separates, water is for reclaiming refuse acid, through returning adiabatic nitration nitration mixture system after the removal of impurities processing, oil phase is mainly the nitro-chlorobenzene mixture, carries out the raw material of etherification reaction as next step.
5. according to claim 1 and 2ly produce o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether with chlorobenzene, the technology of p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene, it is characterized in that: in nitro-chlorobenzene mixture and the etherifying agent reaction process, o-Nitrochlorobenzene and p-Nitrophenyl chloride generate o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether and p-Nitromethoxybenzene respectively, m-nitrochlorobenzene does not participate in reaction, etherifying agent is methyl alcohol or acid binding agent and methanol mixture or compound, acid binding agent is a sodium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, volatile salt, magnesiumcarbonate, lime carbonate, bicarbonate of ammonia or sodium bicarbonate, operation temperature are 60 ℃～160 ℃.
6. produce the technology of o-Nitrophenyl methyl ether, p-Nitromethoxybenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene according to claim 1 or 5 with chlorobenzene, it is characterized in that: methyltertiarvbutyl ether reactor is stirring tank mixing tank, jet jet mixer, percussion flow mixing tank, static mixer or dynamic mixer.
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| CN110343046A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 | A kind of production method improving paranitrochlorobenzene purity |
| CN112479891A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-12 | 浙江鸿盛化工有限公司 | Synthetic method of p-nitroanisole |
| CN113072450A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-06 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of m-nitrochlorobenzene |
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