CN100367017C - Thermal motion sensing indicator - Google Patents
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- CN100367017C CN100367017C CNB2004100064870A CN200410006487A CN100367017C CN 100367017 C CN100367017 C CN 100367017C CN B2004100064870 A CNB2004100064870 A CN B2004100064870A CN 200410006487 A CN200410006487 A CN 200410006487A CN 100367017 C CN100367017 C CN 100367017C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a heat motion sensing indicator which uses a heat motion sensor to track moving targets. The operation of the heat motion sensor relies on that a heating element in a motion state generates oblique heat fields in the opposite direction to the movement for causing symmetrical positions taking the heating element as the center to generate temperature difference; the difference value is measured and is converted into an electrical signal, and then, movement directions, speeds and accelerated speeds can be led out; three kinds of heat motion sensing indicators are designed on the basis of the heat motion sensor; the three kinds of heat motion sensing indicators comprise a two-dimensional tabletop heat motion sensing indicator or mouse, a three-dimensional tabletop heat motion sensing indicator and a three-dimensional space heat motion sensing indicator; the heat motion sensing indicators are manufactured by the integrated circuit technique and have the advantages of simple structure, low cost and excellent performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to indicator, particularly indicator about using the thermal motion sensor that moving target is followed the tracks of.
Background technology
Indicator is widely used in the instruction input of computing machine and other electron device, and the motion that indicator is measured is transformed into the cursor on the screen, icon, or the motion of target.Sometimes this motion also can be interpreted as certain special instruction, represents up and down the front of inquiry is replied such as indicator.
The application of indicator can expand to monitoring objective, crowd, or the motion of partes corporis humani's branch.Spatial indicator generally is used for game machine, video recording, and film, and the stunt of virtual outdoor scene is caught.Spatial indicator also finds many application in physical treatment relevant with motion analysis and sports.
The indicator of tracking target motion is seen everywhere.This device calculates target velocity by measuring target in the position in each moment and according to a succession of shift in position, with the motion of this tracking target.The type that follow the tracks of the target location comprises electromagnetic system, acoustic systems, picture system, inertia system, and optical system.
The electromagnetic device utilization produces the transmitter and the detector that comprises three groups of quadrature coils of the electromagnetic field of three-dimensional orthogonal.Acoustic systems is measured sound wave and is getted over to three or time of multidetector more from one or many transmitters.Picture system utilize image that video camera produces and as calculated machine handle specific objective located.Inertia system utilizes acceleration transducer and gyroscope to determine the motion of target.
Optical system adopts two kinds of different operation logics.A kind of relating to light source scanning, calculating are scanned the detection time of light source in order to determine the position of light source.Another kind is used many detectors, the light source continuous or that constantly glimmer of monitoring simultaneously.
Some indicator to follow the tracks of the more motion of multidimensional number by adding acceleration transducer and gyroscope development.Tracking ball, operating rod, and digital heelpiece also can be in order to the monitoring motion.
Even so, existing indicator still needs to further develop, on the one hand in order to improve its performance, on the other hand in order to expand its function.Therefore the present invention proposes thermal motion sensing indicator, the heating unit of this indicator utilization campaign produces asymmetrical thermal field, the first antimere temperature variation that detects thermal field of temperature sensing with the first together motion of heating, thereby determine travel direction, speed, and acceleration, and can convert the motion of the target that needs control to.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of thermal motion sensor that can be used for making indicator, its principle of work is to rely on the heating unit generation of motion to motion crooked thermal field to take place in the other direction, can measure the temperature variation of thermal field antimere in company with the temperature sensing unit of heating unit motion, thereby the travel direction of making, speed, and acceleration.
Second purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of thermal motion sensing indicator, the component velocity of utilizing its motion of thermal motion sensor determination to produce at each change in coordinate axis direction, and then calculate its aggregate velocity and make its direction, thereby realization is to the tracking of movement locus.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to utilize a two-dimentional thermal motion sensor to form two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator.
The 4th purpose of the present invention is to utilize a two-dimentional thermal motion sensor and an one dimension thermal motion sensor to form three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator.
The 5th purpose of the present invention is to utilize three one dimension thermal motion sensors to form three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator.
The realization of above-mentioned purpose all relates to the thermal motion sensor, and the temperature difference opposite sex of the antimere of the physical basis of this sensor thermal field that to be exactly the heating unit of motion produce, measurability, and with the closely related property of motion.
If start a heat point source, and allow heat energy in static air, disseminate, until till stable, will see that a temperature effect mountain peak is positioned the position diffusion from thermal source and comes.This temperature effect mountain peak is that the center is symmetrically distributed with the heat point source.Its vertical cross-section is a series of vertical isotherms, and its xsect is a series of horizontal isotherms.These isotherms are radially become estranged, and show that thermograde diminishes gradually.Intuition it seems that more the stow away from heat hot-fluid is littler.Stricter according to heat conducting Fourier's law, hot-fluid is proportional to thermograde in fact, because radially thermograde diminishes gradually, thereby hot-fluid also diminishes thereupon.
If the heat point source by PULSE HEATING is kept in motion, will produce series of temperature along movement locus influences the mountain peak.If linear superposition is carried out on the temperature effect mountain peak that this is a series of, just can produce a stable temperature field.This temperature field no longer has been to be symmetrically distributed, but towards crooked with the direction of reverse movement.Its longitudinal temperature distributes and the transverse temperature distribution also all takes place crooked.Thermal source is passed in crooked transverse temperature distribution and the straight line vertical with direction of motion is divided into two distinct parts, meets the part to motion, and the isothermal alignment is compressed, and far to the part of motion, the isothermal alignment is expanded.If on this xsect, arrange one group of temperature sensing element array, all isotherms on just can the real-time replay cross section.According to the Temperature Distribution of this reproduction, the particularly analysis and the calculating of temperature contrast on each symmetric points can be extracted many sports information, comprises direction, speed, and acceleration etc.
Design a kind of one dimension thermal motion sensor and a kind of two-dimentional thermal motion sensor according to above-mentioned principle the present invention.One dimension thermal motion sensor comprises two elementary cells, and two-dimentional thermal motion sensor comprises four elementary cells.Each elementary cell is made up of a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, and the rule of its arrangement is that resistance heated unit must be vertical with the axes of coordinates of an one dimension.So two elementary cells of one dimension thermal motion sensor are arranged in a straight line relatively, and four elementary cells of two-dimentional thermal motion sensor are arranged in square, every group of axes of coordinates of two elementary cell aimings of arranging relatively is in quadrature.
First embodiment of the present invention is two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator, just common Genius mouse.This indicator comprises holds housing, the lower side of the pore that gathers, base platform, circular frame, circular outer cover, the base arcuate edge of circular outer cover, two-dimentional thermal motion sensor, and signal processing circuit.The top of housing and upper side shape all in the arc-shaped is to be fit to people's hand operation.The lower side pore that gathers is so that the inside of housing is communicated with atmosphere.Housing can be made two dimensional motion along the desktop slippage by base platform under the manipulation of staff.The top of circular frame and bottom are tabular, and all with the base platform keeping parallelism, its side has evenly hole spaced apart, and align with the pore side in the hole position, so that inside of frame also is communicated with atmosphere.The side of circular outer cover is separated into two parts up and down, the upper side sealing, and lower side is open.The part base of lower side becomes outstanding circular shape, and its outshot can stretch out the bottom by cracking of base platform.When housing was mentioned, the outstanding circular arc of circular outer cover bottom stretched out from cracking of base platform, made the closed side of outer cover just in time stop the hole of circular frame side, made the inner partition that is connected with atmosphere of framework.When housing put down, the outstanding circular arc of circular outer cover bottom was pushed up back cracking of base platform by desktop, and the open side of outer cover is aimed at the hole position of circular frame side, and framework inside is communicated with atmosphere.
Second embodiment of the present invention is three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator.This indicator comprises holds housing, the lower side of the pore that gathers, posterior segment, bottom master's flat board, the bottom leading portion is secondary dull and stereotyped, circular frame, circular outer cover, the base arcuate edge of circular outer cover, two dimension thermal motion sensor, rectangular frame, rectangle outer cover, base, rectangle outer cover slope, one dimension thermal motion sensor, signal processing circuit.The top of housing and upper side shape all in the arc-shaped is to be fit to people's hand operation.The lower side pore that gathers is so that the inside of housing is communicated with atmosphere.Housing can be made two dimensional motion along the desktop slippage by bottom master's flat board under the manipulation of staff.Also perk a little forward is to do motion in one dimension by the secondary flat board in bottom along the desktop slippage.
The 3rd embodiment of the present invention is three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator.This indicator comprises spherical shell, cylindricality handle, spherical frame, signal Processing and radiating circuit, and functional switch.The shell of spherical shell is the hole pattern structure, and air can therefrom penetrate.The shell of spherical frame also for ventilative hole pattern structure, is fixed within the spherical shell by metal pull bar, and makes framework and housing around same center.The cylindricality handle is supported spherical shell, by people's hand operation, can make spherical shell make three-dimensional space motion.Signal Processing and radiating circuit are installed in the cylindricality handle, and its operation function can be interrupted at any time by the operating function switch.
Description of drawings
Earlier the present invention is made brief description by following accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A represents the first temperature effect mountain peak that produces of the resistance heated that remains static.
Figure 1B represents the longitudinal cross-section on the first temperature effect mountain peak that produces of static resistance heated shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 C represents to produce the used resistance heated unit in the temperature effect mountain peak shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 D represents to produce the used heating current pulse in the temperature effect mountain peak shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 2 A represents that the pulse resistance that is kept in motion heats the serial variance longitudinal temperature influence curve that unit produces.
Fig. 2 B represents to produce the used resistance heated unit of discrete longitudinal temperature influence curve shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 2 C represents to produce the used heating current pulse of discrete longitudinal temperature influence curve shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 3 A represents to be centered on by the temperature sensing element array, the stable state longitudinal temperature distribution plan that the resistance heated unit that remains static produces.
Fig. 3 B represents to be centered on by the temperature sensing element array, the stable state transverse temperature distribution plan that the resistance heated unit that remains static produces.
Fig. 4 A represents to be centered on by the temperature sensing element array, the stable state longitudinal temperature distribution plan that the resistance heated unit that is kept in motion produces.
Fig. 4 B represents to be centered on by the temperature sensing element array, the stable state transverse temperature distribution plan that the resistance heated unit that is kept in motion produces.
Fig. 5 A represents one dimension thermal motion sensor provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 B represents two-dimentional thermal motion sensor provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 A represents that two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention leaves the synoptic diagram of desktop.
Fig. 6 B represents that two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention is in the synoptic diagram of desktop.
Used two-dimentional thermal motion sensor and the circular frame synoptic diagram thereof of three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator shown in Fig. 6 C presentation graphs 6A.
Fig. 6 D represents to cooperate two-dimentional thermal motion sensor shown in Fig. 6 C and the used circular outer cover synoptic diagram of circular frame thereof.
Fig. 7 A represents that three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention is in the synoptic diagram of desktop.
Used one dimension thermal motion sensor and the rectangular frame synoptic diagram thereof of three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator shown in Fig. 7 B presentation graphs 7A.
Fig. 7 C represents to cooperate one dimension desktop thermal motion sensor shown in Fig. 7 B and the used rectangle outer cover synoptic diagram of rectangular frame thereof.
Fig. 8 A represents the synoptic diagram of three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention.
Six the one dimension thermal motion sensors that three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator shown in Fig. 8 B presentation graphs 8A is used and the synoptic diagram of spherical frame thereof.
One of elementary cell of one dimension thermal motion sensor shown in Fig. 8 C presentation graphs 8B.
Two of the elementary cell of the one dimension thermal motion sensor shown in Fig. 8 D presentation graphs 8B.
Fig. 9 A represents the calcspar of the used signal processing circuit of thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention.
Fig. 9 B represents the calcspar of the used signal transmission circuit of thermal motion sensing indicator provided by the invention.
Embodiment
On the basis of above-mentioned accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in more detail.
All thermal motion sensing indicators provided by the invention all are to utilize the thermal motion sensor that moving object is followed the tracks of.And the thermal motion Design of Sensor is according to being that asymmetric thermal field and its moving situation that the resistance heated unit that is kept in motion produces exists substantial connection, and by the real-time measurement in company with the temperature sensing unit that moves, can disclose moving situation.
With reference to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C and Fig. 1 D, the temperature field characteristics that the resistance heated unit that remains static with investigation produces.Figure 1A represents the first temperature effect mountain peak 104 that produces of static resistance heated.Figure 1B represents a series of longitudinal temperature influence curves 105,106 and 107 that rest pulse heating resistor unit produces.Fig. 1 C and Fig. 1 D represent to produce the resistance heated unit 101 that uses in the said temperature place, carrier 102 and current impulse 103.Each pulse all produces a corresponding longitudinal temperature influence curve, and 105 and 106 is longitudinal temperature influence curves that preceding two pulses produce, and the 107th, the longitudinal temperature influence curve that a back pulse produces.Because heat is constantly to diffusion at a distance, longitudinal temperature influence curve meeting continuous expansion is till heat energy exhausts.Above-mentioned each figure clearly illustrates that, no matter be that temperature effect mountain peak and longitudinal temperature influence curve all are to be that the center is symmetrically distributed with resistance heated unit.If the temperature of each symmetric points in the measurement thermal field, temperature value should be strict equating.
Again with reference to figure 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, the temperature field characteristics that the resistance heated unit that is kept in motion with investigation produces.Fig. 2 A represents that the pulse resistance that is kept in motion heats the serial longitudinal temperature influence curve 205,206 and 207 that unit produces.Fig. 2 C and Fig. 2 D represent to be used to produce the resistance heated unit 201 of serial longitudinal temperature influence curve, carrier 202 and direction of motion 203 thereof, current impulse 204.Each pulse all produces a corresponding longitudinal temperature influence curve, and wherein 205 and 206 is longitudinal temperature influence curves that preceding two pulses produce, and the 207th, the longitudinal temperature influence curve that a back pulse produces.What pay special attention to is, these longitudinal temperature influence curves no longer are to be that the center is symmetrically distributed with resistance heated unit, but each other at intervals, this multiply by the heating pulse cycle apart from the movement velocity that strictness equals resistance heated unit.In fact, the longitudinal temperature influence curve of these separation is imagined, is supposition recurrence interval long enough, and influence is little each other.In fact, what can observe is the linear superposition of these curves, be one to the crooked longitudinal temperature influence curve of the direction of reverse movement.
Below with reference to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, with the temperature distributing characteristic of the above-mentioned resistance heated of further investigation unit generation.Fig. 3 A represents that the first stable state longitudinal temperature that produces of static resistance heated distributes.Fig. 3 B represents that the first stable state transverse temperature that produces of static resistance heated distributes.301 expression resistance heated units among the figure, 302 expressions are around the temperature sensing element array of resistance heated unit, and the carrier of resistance heated unit and temperature sensing element array is carried in 303 expressions, the vertical isotherm series of 304 expressions, the horizontal isotherm series of 305 expressions.As seen from the figure, the spaced radial between the isotherm is along with drawing back gradually away from resistance heated unit, and this shows that thermograde diminishes gradually.Just can judge that according to intuition it is far away to leave resistance heated unit, hot-fluid is littler.And according to the relevant heat conducting Fourier's law of strictness, hot-fluid is directly proportional with thermograde, and radially thermograde constantly reduces, thereby hot-fluid also diminishes thereupon.
In fact, lateral cross section temperature everywhere can be measured by the temperature sensing unit with the first coplane of resistance heated, if the scale of temperature sensing element array is enough big, sensing unit is enough little, can measure temperature everywhere in real time, and can set up temperature profile.But, the result who measures should show that the temperature of each symmetric points is duplicate in the temperature field.
Just when resistance heated unit was kept in motion, situation had just changed.Fig. 4 A represents the stable state longitudinal temperature distribution curve by the resistance heated unit generation that is kept in motion.Fig. 4 B represents the stable state transverse temperature distribution curve by the resistance heated unit generation that is kept in motion.401 expression resistance heated units among the figure, 405 expression temperature sensing element array, the carrier of 402 expression carrying resistance heated units and temperature sensing element array, 403a and 403b represent carrier travel direction in still air, the vertical isotherm series of 404 expressions, the horizontal isotherm series of 406 expressions.
By Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B as seen, longitudinal temperature distribution curve that the resistance heated unit that is kept in motion produces and transverse temperature distribution curve are all to crooked with the direction of reverse movement.Be divided into two distinct two zones by crooked transverse temperature scatter chart by passing resistance heated unit and the straight line vertical with direction of motion, subregion in propulsion, isotherm series is compressed, and then to the zone of motion, isotherm series is expanded.This shows that compressed regional temperature gradient variable is big, and the regional temperature gradient that is expanded diminishes.It no longer is symmetrical that the Temperature numerical of being measured by the temperature sensing element array this moment distributes, and particularly on the symmetric position in two zones, front and back, tangible difference appears in the temperature of measuring.The temperature difference that shows on this symmetric position just in time can be the thermal motion sensor and utilizes, because temperature difference has been reacted the situation of motion, can make travel direction thus, speed, and acceleration.
Design a kind of one dimension thermal motion sensor and a kind of two-dimentional thermal motion sensor according to above-mentioned principle the present invention.One dimension thermal motion sensor comprises two elementary cells, and two-dimentional thermal motion sensor comprises four elementary cells.Each elementary cell is made up of a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, and the rule of its arrangement is that resistance heated unit must be vertical with the coordinate axis of an one dimension.So two elementary cells of one dimension thermal motion sensor are arranged in a straight line relatively, and four elementary cells of two-dimentional thermal motion sensor are arranged in square, every group of coordinate axis of two elementary cell aimings of arranging relatively is in quadrature.
Fig. 5 A represents one dimension thermal motion sensor provided by the invention, and two elementary cell is respectively by 501a of resistance heated unit and 501b, temperature sensing 502a of unit and 502b, and welding block 503a and 503b form.Fig. 5 B represents two-dimentional thermal motion sensor provided by the invention, and its four elementary cells are respectively by the 504a of resistance heated unit, 504b, and 504c, 504d, the 505a of temperature sensing unit, 505b, 505c, 505d, and welding block 506a, 506b, 506c, 506d forms.
Because the two dimensional motion of any direction can resolve into two componental movements on the orthogonal axis,,, can obtain the speed and the direction of two dimensional motion then by vector addition as long as measure two component velocities on the coordinate axis respectively.Same reason, the three-dimensional motion of any direction can resolve into three componental movements on the orthogonal axis, as long as measure three component velocities on the coordinate axis respectively, then by vector addition, can obtain the speed and the direction of three-dimensional motion.Therefore can the sensing three-dimensional motion with the thermal motion sensor of three one dimensions, its step is to measure three component velocities on the coordinate axis respectively earlier, carries out vector addition then, promptly draws the speed and the direction of three-dimensional motion.If obtain speed and time relation in this way, then can further calculate the acceleration of motion.
Therefore thermal motion sensor provided by the invention is by the microelectric technique manufacturing, and the sensing unit of every sensor has at least one to be integrated in on the chip piece, has the plurality of advantages of integrated circuit, comprise miniature, sensitivity, reaction is fast, and power saving etc.Its resistance heated unit can use the silicon thin film made, comprises polysilicon membrane and monocrystalline silicon thin film etc., and also the available metal membraneous material is made, and comprises platinum film etc.Temperature sensing unit can be thermal resistor, and available manufactured materials comprises platinum film and polysilicon membrane.Also can pile, comprise aluminium/polysilicon thermocouple heap and polycrystalline silicon/monocrystalline silicon thermocouple heap for thermocouple.Be the thermal losses that the heat conduction that reduces resistance heated unit causes, must use the support pad of the material of low thermal conductance as resistance heated unit and temperature sensing unit.The low thermal conductance material that the present invention uses is unoxidized polysilicon layer.This material can be in the inner formation of silicon chip, its manufacturing technology and microelectric technique compatibility.Unoxidized polysilicon layer not only thermal conductivity is low, and its mechanical stress is also low, thereby can produce thicker unoxidized polysilicon layer in silicon chip, and this is to improving the performance of sensor, and it is very favourable particularly to strengthen reliability.
The thermal motion sensor can be installed in any moving object, is used for the movement locus of pursuit movement object.The tracer element that also can be used as indicator converts the commander of indicator action to electric signal, so that commander's target is controlled.
First embodiment of the present invention is two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator, just common Genius mouse.With reference to figure 6A and 6B, Fig. 6 A represents that this indicator leaves the state of desktop, and Fig. 6 B represents that this indicator is in the state of desktop.This indicator comprises holds housing 601, the lower side 602a and the 602b of the pore that gathers, base platform 603, circular frame 604, circular outer cover 605, the base arcuate edge 606 of circular outer cover, two-dimentional thermal motion sensor 607 and signal processing circuit 608.The top of housing 601 and upper side shape all in the arc-shaped is to be fit to people's hand operation.Lower side 602a and the 602b pore that gathers is so that the inside of housing 601 is communicated with atmosphere.Housing 601 can be made two dimensional motion along desktop 609 slippages by base platform 603 under the manipulation of staff.The top of circular frame 604 and bottom are tabular, and all with base platform 603 keeping parallelisms, its side has evenly hole spaced apart, and align with pore side 602a and 602b in the hole position, so that the inside of framework 604 also is communicated with atmosphere.The side of circular outer cover 605 is separated into two parts up and down, the upper side sealing, and lower side is open.The part base of lower side becomes outstanding circular shape, and its outshot 606 can stretch out the bottom by cracking of base platform 603.Shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B, when housing 601 was mentioned, the outstanding circular arc 606 of circular outer cover 605 bottoms stretched out from cracking of base platform 603, made the closed side of outer cover just in time stop the hole of circular frame 604 sides, made the inner partition that is connected with atmosphere of framework.When housing 601 put down, the outstanding circular arc 606 of circular outer cover 605 bottoms was pushed up back cracking of base platform 603 by desktop 609, and the open side of outer cover is aimed at the hole position of circular frame 604 sides, and framework inside is communicated with atmosphere.
The detailed structure of circular frame 604 and circular outer cover 605 is shown in Fig. 6 C and Fig. 6 D.With reference to figure 6C, the Lower Half of frame facet is arranged with equally distributed rectangle hole 611.Two-dimentional thermal motion sensor of framework positioned inside, it includes four elementary cells, is respectively 607a, 607b, 607c, and 607d, each unit comprises a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit.Four elementary cells are lined up one and are met on the plane of hole 611, the quadrate framework, and resistance heated unit is in the outside, and temperature sensing unit is in the inboard.Also can arrange conversely, promptly temperature sensing unit is in the outside, and resistance heated unit is in the inboard, and its effect should be the same.Four elementary cells are all coupled together by the metal fillet, and are connected to signal processing circuit by lead 610 and get on.With reference to figure 6D, the prominent ring 612 that crosses out is arranged at the top of outer cover side, and Lower Half has equally distributed rectangle hole 613, and outstanding downwards circular arc 606 is arranged at the bottom.Whether the position of the relative framework of outer cover is contacted with desktop 609 by circular arc 606 and determines.As not contacting, then because the effect of outer cover own wt drop it naturally, encircle until dashing forward 606 blocked by the base platform 603 of housing 601 till.This moment frame facet hole portion bit alignment outer cover closed side, thereby framework inside is prevented from being communicated with atmosphere.Contact with desktop 609 as circular arc 606, circular arc 606 is pushed up back cracking of housing 601 base platform 603 by desktop 609, this moment frame facet hole portion bit alignment outer cover hole position, side, framework inside can be communicated with atmosphere.
Be communicated with atmosphere if framework is inner, when the thermal motion sensor that then is installed on framework inside was kept in motion, its air of facing was actionless, thereby can realize the function that its sensing is moved.If the inner passage with atmosphere of framework is intercepted, the air that then is stored in framework inside can together move with the thermal motion sensor that is installed on framework inside, and thermal motion this moment sensor just no longer has the function of sensing motion.Therefore in fact outer cover plays mechanical switch, can close and open the thermal motion sensor as required at any time.The power of handling this mechanical switch is not only limited to gravity, can use other driving force instead yet, as electromagnetic force and electrostatic force etc.
According to aerodynamic principle, the surface of moving object can form the boundary layer that is mainly determined its thickness by Reynolds number, in this boundary layer, the air layer of being close to body surface can be with the identical speed of moving object in company with motion, and along with leaving body surface apart from increase, the movement velocity of air layer can reduce gradually, until leaving the boundary layer vanishing.Obviously, consider that from the performance of sensor the thermal motion sensor should be placed in the outside in this boundary layer, to avoid the influence in boundary layer.Also the thermal motion sensor can be placed in the forward position of moving object or near the forward position, begin to form, pass backward and thickening gradually along body surface because the boundary layer is forward position from moving object.Because boundary layer, position, forward position is thinner, can think and be shrouded by static air, thereby the influence of boundary layer generation is smaller in the main body of the thermal motion sensor of this arrangement.By Fig. 6 C as seen, the present invention is based on above-mentioned consideration, the elementary cell of sensor is positioned in the edge of framework.
Second embodiment of the present invention is three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator.With reference to figure 7A, this indicator comprises holds housing 701, the lower side 704a and the 704b of the pore that gathers, posterior segment, bottom master's flat board 702, the secondary flat board 703 of bottom leading portion, circular frame 705, circular outer cover 706, the base arcuate edge 707 of circular outer cover, two-dimentional thermal motion sensor 708, rectangular frame 709, rectangle outer cover 710, base, rectangle outer cover slope 711, one dimension thermal motion sensor 712, signal processing circuit 713.The top of housing 701 and upper side shape all in the arc-shaped is to be fit to people's hand operation.Lower side 704a and the 704b pore that gathers is so that the inside of housing 701 is communicated with atmosphere.Housing 701 can be made two dimensional motion along the desktop slippage by bottom master's flat board 702 under the manipulation of staff.Also perk a little forward is to do motion in one dimension by bottom secondary dull and stereotyped 703 along the desktop slippage.
The top of circular frame 705 and bottom are tabular, all with dull and stereotyped 702 keeping parallelisms of bottom master, its side has evenly hole spaced apart, and align with densely covered pore side 704a and 704b position in the position of hole, so that the inside of framework 705 also is communicated with atmosphere.The side of circular outer cover 706 is separated into two parts up and down, the upper side sealing, and lower side is open.The part base of lower side becomes outstanding circular shape 707, can stretch out the bottom by cracking of bottom master's flat board 702.Mention when housing 701 and to leave desktop, the outstanding circular arc 707 of circular outer cover 706 bottoms stretches out from the bottom of bottom master's flat board 702, and the closed side of outer cover stops the hole position of circular frame 705 sides, makes that framework is inner to be cut off with atmosphere.Shown in Fig. 7 A, when putting down, housing 701 stands on desktop, the outstanding circular arc 707 of circle outer cover 706 bottoms is pushed up back cracking of bottom main dull and stereotyped 702 by desktop 714, and the open side of outer cover is aimed at the hole position of circular frame 705 sides, and framework inside is coupled together with atmosphere.
The detailed structure of circular frame 705 and circular outer cover 706 is similar fully with circular outer cover 605 with the circular frame 604 shown in Fig. 6 D to Fig. 6 C.The structure of the two-dimentional thermal motion sensor 708 of framework 705 positioned inside with arrange also to framework 604 in two-dimentional thermal motion sensor 607 similar fully.
The roof of the rectangular frame 709 of both ends open is thicker, and diapire is thinner, and is all parallel with bottom secondary dull and stereotyped 703.The end face of rectangle outer cover 710 is divided into two parts up and down, and upper part is sealed by rectangular block, and lower part externally opens wide.The latter half aslope of the two sides of outer cover 710, its outstanding base 711 can insert cracking of bottom secondary dull and stereotyped 703.As 701 of housings by bottom master's flat board 702 along desktop 714 slippages, then outstanding base 711 is bumped less than desktop 714, whole rectangular frame 709 is in free falling body state, falls downwards under the effect of self gravitation, till the rectangle envelope piece of its both ends of the surface is blocked by bottom pair dull and stereotyped 703.Shown in Fig. 7 A, this moment, the both ends of the surface of rectangular frame 709 were blocked by the envelope piece of rectangle outer cover 710 just, thereby its inside can not be communicated with atmosphere.If housing 701 forward perk and by bottom secondary dull and stereotyped 703 along desktop 714 slippages, then stretch out secondary dull and stereotyped 703 outstanding base 711 and push up back cracking of pair flat board 703 by desktop 714.The both ends of the surface of rectangular frame 709 are aimed at the opening of rectangle outer cover 710 just at this moment, thereby its inside can communicate with atmosphere by opening.
The detailed structure of rectangular frame 709 and rectangle outer cover 710 can be with reference to figure 7B and Fig. 7 C.The rectangular frame top inner wall is mounted with thermal motion sensor 712, and its two elementary cells that comprise are 712a and 712b, are connected with signal processing circuit by lead 715.Two elementary cell 712a of sensor and 712b make its resistance heated unit vertical with the longitudinal axis of framework along vertical arrangement of framework.The bottom of the two sides of rectangle outer cover from one end to the other side is formed slopely slope 711.The narrow end on slope 711 directly is connected with end face sprue 716, and wide end and end face sprue 716 form a downward step 717.Step 717 must with the end close fit of cracking of housing 701 bottoms secondary dull and stereotyped 703, make it when sliding up and down, can keep rectangle outer cover 710 to cooperate appropriately with rectangular frame 709.
The 3rd embodiment of the present invention is three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator.With reference to figure 8A, this indicator comprises spherical shell 801, cylindricality handle 802, spherical frame 803, signal Processing and radiating circuit 804, and functional switch 805.The shell of spherical shell 801 is the hole pattern structure, and air can therefrom penetrate.The shell of spherical frame 803 also for ventilative hole pattern structure, is fixed within the spherical shell 801 by metal pull bar, and makes framework 803 and housing 801 around same center.Cylindricality handle 802 is supported spherical shell 801, by people's hand operation, can make spherical shell 801 make three-dimensional space motion.Signal Processing and radiating circuit 804 are installed in the cylindricality handle 802, and its operation function can be interrupted at any time by operating function switch 805.
The internal framework of spherical frame 803 is represented by Fig. 8 B.As seen from the figure, six roots of sensation pipe 806xa and 806xb are arranged, 808ya and 808yb, 810za and 810zb device are in it, and every two tubes is merged into one group, is divided into into three groups.Every group of pipe aims at a coordinate axis of Cartesian coordinates simultaneously, but is respectively in the both sides of coordinate axis initial point, and its internal end surface keep with the coordinate axis initial point apart from equating, and its outside end face is on the same sphere.One dimension thermal motion sensor of every group of pipe configuration, just its two elementary cell 807xa that comprise and 807xb, perhaps 809ya and 809yb, perhaps 811za and 811zb are placed in the inside of two tubes respectively.
The assembling of three thermal motion sensors is shown in Fig. 8 C and Fig. 8 D.What represent among the figure is the sensor that is configured on the x axle, and the sensor that is configured on other two axles also is the same.By Fig. 8 C as seen, elementary cell 807xa comprises the 807a1 of resistance heated unit, and thermocouple is piled 807a2 and supported hard sheet 812a.Flexible circuit band 813a is connected to this unit on the external signal treatment circuit.Elementary cell 807xb comprises the 807b1 of resistance heated unit, and thermocouple is piled 807b2 and supported hard sheet 812b.Flexible circuit band 813b is connected to this unit on the external signal treatment circuit.The sensor that assembles is near the central axis of pipe the sensitive position of sensor in the longitudinal direction tubular stinger of pipe.So arrange be for the sensitive position that makes sensor as far as possible away from the boundary layer, so that sensor has higher sensitivity.
The signal processing circuit calcspar of three-dimensional thermal motion sensing indicator shown in Fig. 9 A, this circuit by three independently the unit form the input signal of an one dimension thermal motion of each unit individual processing sensing.Each unit comprises prime amplifier 903x, or 903y, or 903z, Sigma Delta analog/ digital converter 904x, or 904y, or 904z, digital operational circuit 905x, or 905y, or 905z, and output modulation circuit 906x, or 906y, or 906z.Above-mentioned converter, digital operational circuit is all controlled by identical time clock with the output modulation circuit.The signal of input prime amplifier is the voltage difference that the thermocouple heap of two elementary cells of an one dimension sensor produces, and the thermocouple heap of three one dimension thermal motion sensors is respectively 902xa and 902xb, 902ya and 902yb, 902za and 902zb.The resistance heated unit of three one dimension sensors for saving the energy and reducing thermal effect, should adopt pulse working mode all by 901 power supplies of firm power out-put supply.
Treated signal can be exported by cable, so that moving target is controlled.Also can adjust the motion state of self after the moving target received signal at any time by emitter with the signal output of handling.One group of radiating circuit calcspar is shown in Fig. 9 B.This circuit is by controller 907, modulator 908, and emitting antenna 909 is formed.The digital signal that controller 907 is sent signal processing circuit here converts simulating signal respectively to, carries out high frequency modulated by 908 pairs of simulating signals of modulator then, is launched by antenna 909 at last.
The signal processing circuit of two dimension thermal motion sensing indicator, except contained processing unit makes into two by three, other is all similar with the calcspar shown in the 9B to Fig. 9 A.It can directly pass through cable with being connected of controlled motion target.
Above-mentioned explanation is only limited to basic structure and the embodiment of setting forth thermal motion sensing indicator of the present invention.Under the guidance of this explanation, those skilled in the art are easy to carry out local replenishing, and revise and adjust, but all also in the related scope of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator is characterized in that this thermal motion sensing indicator comprises:
Hold housing for one, its top and upper side shape in the arc-shaped, its downside pore that gathers, the bottom is dull and stereotyped, housing can be made two-dimensional motion along the desktop slippage by its base platform;
A circular frame is loaded within the housing, and one flat plate is respectively arranged up and down, and is all parallel with base platform, the perforate that peripheral side is arranged and evenly separated, and its pore position, aperture portion bit alignment housing side makes framework inside be communicated with atmosphere thus;
The one circular outer cover to move up and down only, around circular frame, the Lower Half of outer cover side has equally distributed perforate, outstanding base arcuate edge is arranged at the bottom of side, can insert cracking of base platform, desktop is left in lifting as housing, outer cover can pass the flat board whereabouts of cracking under the self gravitation effect, the perforate of circular frame is stopped up, make framework inside and isolated from atmosphere, put down as housing and stand on desktop, the base arcuate edge of outer cover can be got into dull and stereotyped cracking by desktop, make its perforate position just in time aim at the perforate position of circular frame, thereby the passage that atmosphere is led in framework inside is opened;
A two-dimentional thermal motion sensor, be loaded on the surface, inside of circular frame head slab, form by four elementary cells, each unit comprises a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, the rule of its arrangement is that each resistance heated unit must be vertical with the coordinate axis of an one dimension, so four elementary cells are arranged in square, every group of coordinate axis of two elementary cell aimings of arranging relatively, be in quadrature, the principle of work of sensor is: the heating unit that moves in still air can produce a crooked thermal field of opposite direction to motion, cause the temperature difference between each symmetric position thus, this temperature difference can be by being in same plane with heating unit and measuring in company with the temperature sensing element array of motion, after converting electric signal to, travel direction, speed and acceleration all can be derived; And
One group of signal processing circuit includes two unit, handles the motor message of two one dimension directions that two-dimentional thermal motion sensor provides respectively, and the output of the signal after will handling is with control two dimensional motion target.
2. according to the described a kind of two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 1, it is characterized in that a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit of each elementary cell of described thermal motion sensor is integrated in on the chip piece.
3. according to the described a kind of two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 1, it is characterized in that described temperature sensing unit is thermally sensitive resistor.
4. according to the described a kind of two-dimentional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 1, it is characterized in that described temperature sensing unit is thermopile.
5. three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator is characterized in that this thermal motion sensing indicator comprises:
Hold housing for one, its top and upper side shape in the arc-shaped, its side Lower Half pore that gathers, the posterior segment of bottom is main dull and stereotyped, the leading portion of bottom is secondary dull and stereotyped for what tilt, housing can be made two-dimensional motion along the desktop slippage by the main dull and stereotyped of its bottom, and with housing perk forward, housing can be done motion in one dimension along the desktop slippage by the secondary dull and stereotyped of bottom;
A circular frame is loaded within the housing, and one flat plate is respectively arranged up and down, and is all parallel with bottom master's flat board, the perforate that peripheral side is arranged and evenly separated, and its pore position, aperture portion bit alignment housing side makes framework inside be communicated with atmosphere thus;
The one circular outer cover to move up and down only, around circular frame, the perforate of arranging and evenly separate in the outer cover side, outstanding base arcuate edge is arranged at the bottom of side, can insert main dull and stereotyped the cracking in bottom, promote as housing and leave desktop, cover on outward and pass the main dull and stereotyped whereabouts of cracking under the self gravitation effect, the perforate of circular frame is stopped up, make itself and isolated from atmosphere; Put down as housing and to stand on desktop, the base arcuate edge of outer cover is got into main dull and stereotyped cracking by desktop, makes its perforate position just in time aim at the perforate position of circular frame, thereby the passage that atmosphere is led in framework inside is opened;
A two-dimentional thermal motion sensor, be placed in the surface, inside of circular frame upper flat plate, form by four elementary cells, each unit comprises a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, the rule of its arrangement is that each resistance heated unit must be vertical with the coordinate axis of an one dimension, so four elementary cells are arranged in square, every group of coordinate axis of two elementary cell aimings of arranging relatively, be in quadrature, the principle of work of sensor is: the heating unit that moves in still air can produce a crooked thermal field of opposite direction to motion, cause the temperature difference between each symmetric position thus, this temperature difference can be by being in same plane with heating unit and measuring in company with the temperature sensing element array of motion, after converting electric signal to, direction of motion, speed and acceleration all can be derived;
The rectangular frame of a both ends open, the top tube wall is all secondary dull and stereotyped parallel with the bottom with the bottom tube wall;
The one rectangle outer cover to move up and down only, be enclosed within the outside of rectangular frame, the first half of outer cover end face is sealed by horizontal piece, Lower Half is opened wide, the bottom of outer cover two sides is the ramped shaped base, its outshot can insert secondary dull and stereotyped cracking, as housing along main treadmill exercise, cover under the self gravitation effect its slope outshot outward and pass secondary flat board and crack and expose, the end face of rectangular frame is stopped up, make itself and isolated from atmosphere, as housing along the dull and stereotyped slippage of pair, the slope outshot of outer cover is got into secondary dull and stereotyped cracking by desktop, makes the opening of outer cover just in time aim at the opening of rectangular frame, thereby the inner passage with atmosphere of rectangular frame is opened;
An one dimension thermal motion sensor, be placed in the surface, inside of rectangular frame top tube wall, form by two elementary cells, each unit comprises a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, the rule of its arrangement is that each resistance heated unit must be vertical with the coordinate axis of an one dimension, so two elementary cells are arranged in a straight line relatively, the principle of work of sensor is: the heating unit that moves in still air can produce a crooked thermal field of opposite direction to motion, cause the temperature difference between each symmetric position thus, this temperature difference can be by being in same plane with heating unit and measuring in company with the temperature sensing element array of motion, after converting electric signal to, direction of motion, speed and acceleration all can be derived; And
One group of signal processing circuit, include three unit, handle the motor message of three one dimension directions respectively, wherein two motion in one dimension signals are provided by two-dimentional thermal motion sensor, a motion in one dimension signal is provided by one dimension thermal motion sensor, and the output of the signal after will handling is with control three-dimensional motion target.
6. according to the described a kind of three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 5, it is characterized in that a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit of each elementary cell of described two-dimentional thermal motion sensor and one dimension thermal motion sensor is integrated in on the chip piece.
7. according to the described a kind of three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 5, it is characterized in that described temperature sensing unit is thermally sensitive resistor.
8. according to the described a kind of three-dimensional desktop thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 5, it is characterized in that described temperature sensing unit is thermopile.
9. three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator is characterized in that this thermal motion sensing indicator comprises:
A spherical shell, its shell pore that gathers is held cylindrical body supports by one;
A spherical frame is loaded within the spherical shell, its shell pore that gathers, and spherical frame inside can be communicated with outside atmosphere thus;
Six roots of sensation tubule is loaded in the spherical frame, is divided into three groups, and every group has two tubes, and the alinement shape is aimed at a coordinate axis of cartesian coordinate system, and is respectively in the both sides of true origin, and the outside end face of all pipes is on the same sphere;
Three thermal motion sensors, form by two elementary cells for every, each unit contains a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit, and two elementary cells of every sensor are inserted the two tubes inside of one group of tubule respectively, and three sensors are connected with signal processing circuit by lead;
One group of signal processing circuit and radio transmitter are loaded on and hold in the right cylinder, contain three unit altogether, and the sensor with a coordinate axis is connected respectively, and its output signal is handled and sent; And
A switch is contained in and holds the right cylinder side, can instantaneously stop the operation function with the enabling signal treatment circuit.
10. according to the described a kind of three dimensions thermal motion sensing indicator of claim 9, it is characterized in that a resistance heated unit and at least one temperature sensing unit of each elementary cell of described thermal motion sensor is integrated in on the chip piece.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100064870A CN100367017C (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2004-03-10 | Thermal motion sensing indicator |
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| CNB2004100064870A CN100367017C (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2004-03-10 | Thermal motion sensing indicator |
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| CN1667382A CN1667382A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| CN100367017C true CN100367017C (en) | 2008-02-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104537192A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Intelligent building wall model hole forming method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI456201B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-10-11 | Univ Chung Hua | Wireless thermal bubble type accelerometer and method of manufacturing the same |
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| EP0245660A2 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Scanning thermal profiler and method for investigating surface structures |
| CN1101126A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-04-05 | 巴马格股份公司 | Uncontacting temperature measuring device used for moving extending object |
| WO2004005942A1 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-01-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Temperature sensing device for detecting an acceleration or shock provided with a heating unit, and associated method |
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- 2004-03-10 CN CNB2004100064870A patent/CN100367017C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0245660A2 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Scanning thermal profiler and method for investigating surface structures |
| CN1101126A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-04-05 | 巴马格股份公司 | Uncontacting temperature measuring device used for moving extending object |
| WO2004005942A1 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-01-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Temperature sensing device for detecting an acceleration or shock provided with a heating unit, and associated method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104537192A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Intelligent building wall model hole forming method |
| CN104537192B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2018-04-27 | 浙江华东工程数字技术有限公司 | A kind of method of construction wall model intelligence perforate |
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| CN1667382A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
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