CN100366825C

CN100366825C - Suspension sand-trap mud-filtering water protecting device

Info

Publication number: CN100366825C
Application number: CNB2005100302638A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻国良; 刘桦
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2005-09-30
Filing date: 2005-09-30
Publication date: 2008-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2025-09-30
Also published as: CN1743557A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a suspension sand-trapping mud-filtering water-protecting device, which belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering. The present invention comprises floating bodies, a main cable, an auxiliary cable, abutment piers, a caisson, a flexible net, a bearing pile and a filter membrane and/or an impermeable membrane, wherein the floating bodies float on the water surface, all floating bodies are linked together by the main cable, both ends of the main cable are respectively tied on the abutment piers of a bathing place, the caisson is fixed to the seafloor, one end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the main cable tied on the floating bodies, the other end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the caisson, the upper edge of the flexible net is hung on the main cable of the floating bodies, the bearing pile arranged at the lower edge of the flexible net is buried in the seafloor, and the filter membrane and/or the impermeable membrane are/is arranged on the flexible net. The present invention effectively stops the sand and mud of sea water beyond the bathing place, prevents floating refuse dumps from intruding into the bathing place, and achieves the purpose of protecting the water quality of water bodies in the bathing place; the seascape can not be damaged because both sides of the flexible net have no drop height. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy implement and less cost investment; the present invention can be widely used for the construction of bathing places.

Description

Suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device in the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device.

Background

Along with the development of national economy and the improvement of national living standard, the bathing beach is one of the most attractive places for tourism. Because the river silt concentration of the developed countries abroad is low, the mud content of the seawater near the sea is low, the visibility of the seawater is high, and the bathing beach is not provided with any device for filtering silt or preventing the silt from entering the bathing beach except for adopting a shark-proof suspended barrier net. However, because the sand content of each large river in China is very high, the seawater near the coast in China has high sand concentration and poor seawater quality, so how to create the gold coast in China is a great subject of attention. Because the seawater near the sea of China has high silt concentration, the basic problems to be solved for constructing the golden coast of China and constructing the seaside bathing place are that the silt is filtered when the seawater outside the bathing place enters the bathing place, and the water quality of the water body in the bathing place is protected.

Through the literature search of the prior art, chinese patent (application) No.: 97116725.7, proprietary name: seaside park amusement apparatus, publication (announcement) No.: 1214402 the device comprises a drifting device, a wave-making pool, a wave-making machine and a sand-isolating device, wherein the drifting device is provided with a circuitous and tortuous slide way with a total length of more than 180 meters, a swimming pool is arranged at the terminal, a sea wave pool is arranged on one side of the slide way, a one-meter spherical slide ladder is arranged between the pool and a gold sand beach, 2 wave-making machines are arranged at the other end of the pool, a filtering and sterilizing device is arranged between the wave-making pool and the sea beach, a water pavilion for showering water is arranged on the left side of the wave-making pool, a low dam is arranged between the wave-making pool and the sand beach, sand-isolating devices are arranged on the dam to ensure clean water flow, the sea wave pool is provided with rough waves and water waves by the wave-making machine, so that a tourist seems to float on the seaside, and the feeling is lifelike. The device has three disadvantages, 1) the hydrodynamic force of the ocean in the seaside bathing place completely disappears due to the construction of the dam, and no natural wave outside the dam exists; 2) The dam is built on the beach with larger tidal range, the seepage problem is difficult to solve, and the engineering cost is high; 3) The wave making pool and the wave making machine are required to be built, land resources are occupied, and the implementation is difficult on beaches with large tidal ranges.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device which is used for filtering silt entering seawater in a bathing beach, protecting the water quality of water in the bathing beach, maintaining the original sea wave characteristic, avoiding the seepage problem caused by building a dam on the beach, and providing a reliable, economical and practical device for building gold coasts in China and building bathing beaches.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises the following steps: a float, a caisson (or pile, anchor), a flexible net, a filter and/or impermeable membrane, a heavy beam, a main line, a secondary line and a side pier. The floating body floats on the water surface, the main cable is connected with all floating bodies, two ends of the main cable are respectively tied on side piers of a bathing beach, a caisson (or a pile and an anchor) is fixed on the sea bottom, one end of an auxiliary cable is connected to the main cable tied on the floating body, the other end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the caisson (or the pile and the anchor), the upper edge of a flexible net is hung on the main cable of the floating body, a heavy beam is arranged on the lower edge of the flexible net and is embedded into the sea bottom, and a filtering membrane and/or a waterproof membrane are arranged on the flexible net.

In order to save cost, the filtering membrane can be replaced by a waterproof membrane, or the filtering membrane is arranged at a part of the flexible net, the other parts of the flexible net are replaced by the waterproof membrane, and the waterproof membrane and the filtering membrane are respectively arranged at different positions on the flexible net.

The working mode of the device is as follows: a main cable is used for connecting floating bodies floating on the water surface into a row and is arranged at the periphery of a planned bathing beach, two ends of the main cable are respectively tied on left and right side piers of the bathing beach and facing to the outer sea, all caissons (or piles and anchors) are uniformly arranged at the sea bottom along the periphery of the planned bathing beach, one end of an auxiliary cable is tied on the caissons (or piles and anchors) at the sea bottom, the other end of the auxiliary cable is tied on the main cable of the floating body, all auxiliary cables are uniformly arranged along the main cable at the joint of the main cable, the upper edge of a flexible net is hung along the main cable, the upper edge of the flexible net is hung from the historical highest tide level of the beach at one side facing to the outer sea to the historical highest tide level of the other beach, a heavy beam is tied along the lower edge of the flexible net and is embedded in the sea bottom of the heavy beam, a filter membrane is arranged on the whole flexible net, and the filter membrane is installed on the net in blocks. After the filtering membrane is installed, the whole flexible net extends from one side of the coast of the bathing beach to the other side of the bathing beach around the periphery of the simulated bathing beach, the flexible net provided with the filtering membrane is suspended from the water surface to the seabed, and the lower edge of the flexible net is tightly contacted with the seabed so as to prevent the direct convection exchange of water flow at the two sides of the flexible net on the seabed. A partition wall which has water permeability and can filter silt is formed, so that seawater outside the bathing beach is filtered by a filter membrane on a flexible net when entering the bathing beach, thereby effectively blocking the invasion of the silt and floating garbage in the seawater outside the bathing beach and achieving the purpose of protecting the water quality in the bathing beach; meanwhile, under the action of ocean current, the part above the seabed can gradually flow along with the wave, so that the original wave characteristic in the bathing beach is basically kept unchanged, and swimmers can enjoy the fun of the original sea wave; in addition, the water levels on two sides of the flexible net of the device have no drop, and the height of the floating body on the water surface is less than 1 meter, so that the sea view can not be damaged completely.

The floating body consists of a sealed hollow container which can float on the water surface, and can be a sealed high-strength plastic hollow barrel, an inflated rubber or plastic sealed pipe or a metal sealed hollow barrel, such as a hollow oil barrel. The function of which is to support the flexible net, the main ropes, etc. on the water surface.

The caisson (or the sinking pile or the anchor) is fixed on the seabed and can be made of reinforced concrete and is uniformly arranged on the seabed along the periphery of the water quality protection area. The caisson is preferably cylindrical or other shapes with small water blocking effect, and the cylindrical caisson arranged on the seabed has the axial direction vertical to the tide direction so as to reduce the scouring of the water to the seabed nearby. The caisson is provided with a shackle, one end of an auxiliary cable is tied to the shackle, and the other end of the auxiliary cable is tied to the main cable on the floating body.

The flexible net is formed by weaving net ropes which are made of flexible materials and have high tensile strength and good water resistance. For installing the filtering membrane, the inner bones are uniformly arranged on the flexible net. The mesh size of the flexible net is determined by the strength of the used filter membrane, and can be 5 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm. The flexible net is hung on the floating body, and the lower hanging scale of the flexible net is related to the maximum historical water depth H and the tidal current wavelength L.

The heavy beam is a heavy object heavier than water, can be made of reinforced concrete or metal, is bound at the lower edge of the flexible net and then is buried on the seabed.

The filtering membrane is a fine muscle silk membrane block which is arranged on the inner bone of the flexible net and is lined with reinforced strength. The size of the gaps inside the filtering membrane is determined according to the size of the floating mud in the local sea area, and the particle size of the filtering membrane is usually between 0.05 and 0.5 millimeter. The size of each filtering membrane is determined by the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net and is slightly larger than the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net. For example, in the case where the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net is 1 m × 1 m, the size of each filter membrane is preferably 1.1 m × 1.1 m. The periphery of each filtering membrane passes through a screw and is fixed on the inner bone of the flexible net by a screw cap and a small splint.

The inner bone is two identical net-shaped splints woven by strips made of elastic water-resistant materials. The two netted clamping plates clamp the filtering membrane in the middle, the wide strips form a main grid, the narrow strips divide each main grid into 9-16 sub-grids, 9-16 screw holes are arranged on the frame of each hole bamboo grid of the netted clamping plates, and the net clamping plates are fixed by nuts after penetrating through the screw holes by screws. The mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net is determined according to the size of the filtering membrane, and is not usually too large, preferably 1 m × 1 m or 1.5 m × 1.5 m.

The whole suspension device is pushed, retreated and retreated along with the propulsion of seawater under the action of tide and wave current to form a seawater filter wall, so that the silt in the seawater outside the seaside bathing place is prevented from entering the seaside bathing place. If a certain filter membrane is damaged by perforation in the application process, the filter membrane can be replaced only by detaching the filter membrane, so that the repair is convenient.

The invention effectively blocks the invasion of silt and floating garbage in the sea water outside the bathing beach into the bathing beach, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the water quality of the water body in the bathing beach; meanwhile, the original wave characteristics in the bathing beach are basically kept unchanged, so that the swimmer can enjoy the fun of the original waves; in addition, the water levels on two sides of the flexible net of the device have no fall, and the height of the floating body on the water surface is less than 1 meter, so that the sea scape can not be damaged completely. The invention has simple structure, easy implementation and low cost investment, and can be widely applied to the construction of bathing beaches.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the installation of a filter membrane.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the installation of a filter membrane.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention mainly includes: the floating body 1, the caisson (or the pile and the anchor) 5, the flexible net 6, the filtering film and/or the impervious film 8, and also comprises a heavy beam 7, a main cable 2, an auxiliary cable 3 and a side pier 4. The floating body 1 floats on the water surface, the main cable 2 is connected with all the floating bodies 1, two ends of the main cable 2 are respectively tied on side piers 4 of a seaside bathing field, a caisson 5 is fixed on the sea bottom, one end of an auxiliary cable 3 is connected with the main cable 2 tied on the floating body 1, the other end is connected with the caisson 5, the upper edge of a flexible net 6 is hung on the main cable 2 of the floating body 1, a heavy beam 7 is arranged on the lower edge of the flexible net 6 and is embedded into the sea bottom, and a filtering membrane and/or a waterproof membrane 8 is arranged on the flexible net 6.

The floating body 1 is composed of a sealed light container, which can be a sealed high-strength plastic empty barrel, an inflatable rubber sealing pipe or a metal sealed empty barrel, such as an oil barrel. The floating body 1 makes the whole flexible net 6 and the cable which are provided with the filtering membrane 8 always float on the sea surface.

The main mooring rope 2 is made of materials such as acetate fiber and the like, floating bodies 1 floating on the water surface are connected into a row, and two ends of the main mooring rope 2 are respectively connected to side piers 4 on the coast.

The secondary cables 3 are made of materials such as acetate fibers, and the main cables of the flexible net 6 are tied to the caisson 5.

The side piers 4 can be made of reinforced concrete or metal, and respectively provide fixing bases on the coast for the two ends of the main cable 2.

The caisson 5 can be made of reinforced concrete and is uniformly arranged on the seabed along the periphery of the water quality protection area. The caisson 5 is cylindrical, and the axial direction of the cylindrical caisson arranged on the seabed is perpendicular to the tide direction so as to reduce the scouring of the flowing water to the seabed nearby. The caisson 5 is provided with a shackle, one end of the secondary cable 3 is tied on the shackle, and the other end of the secondary cable 3 is tied on the main cable 2 on the floating body 1. The caisson 5 must be sufficiently heavy to ensure that the entire floating installation is fixed to the seabed and will not be floated away by the sea water in extreme storm surge situations.

The flexible net 6 is woven by net ropes which have high tensile strength and good water resistance and are made of flexible materials. For installing the filtering membrane 8, the flexible net 6 is evenly provided with the inner bones 9. The mesh size of the flexible net 6 is determined by the strength of the filter membrane 8 used and may vary from 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm. The flexible net 6 is suspended on the floating body 1, and the lower suspension scale of the flexible net is related to the maximum historical water depth H and the tidal wave length L. Supposing that the depth of seawater at the highest historical tide level is H, the maximum wavelength of the tide is L, the effective length of the underwater expanding amplitude of the flexible net 6 is theoretically larger than H, and in order to reduce the acting force of waves on the whole system, the flexible net 6

The span under water being at least greater than

If the tide is strong and the area of the bathing beach is large, the underwater expanding length of the flexible net 6 is at least

Where Δ is the maximum amplitude of the seawater surface, B is the length of the bathing beach, S is the area of the bathing beach, and ξ is a factor, usually around 1.5. The flexible net 6 is used for installing the filtering membrane 8, and the whole flexible net 6 provided with the filtering membrane 8 can drift along with sea waves.

The heavy beam 7 is a column body heavier than water, can be made of reinforced concrete or metal, is bound on the lower edge of the flexible net 6 and then is buried on the seabed. The function of the device is to make the lower edge of the flexible net 6 closely contact with the seabed, prevent the seawater on the two sides of the flexible net 6 from directly exchanging by convection from the seabed, and prevent the lower edge of the flexible net 6 from being floated by the seawater.

The filtering membrane 8 is a thin and small muscle silk membrane block which is arranged on the inner bone 9 of the flexible net 6 and is lined with reinforced strength. The size of the gaps inside the filtering membrane 8 depends on the size of the floating mud in the local sea area, and the particle size of the filtering membrane 8 is usually less than 0.1 mm. The size of each filtering membrane 8 is determined by the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net 6 and is slightly larger than the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net 6. For example, in the case where the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net 6 is 1 m × 1 m, the size of each filter membrane 8 is preferably 1.1 m × 1.1 m. The periphery of each filtering membrane 8 is fixed on the inner bone 9 of the flexible net 6 by passing through screws and nuts and small splints. The filtering membrane 8 has the function of forming a partition wall which has water permeability and can filter silt, so that the seawater outside the bathing place is required to be filtered by the filtering membrane 8 of the flexible net 6 when entering the bathing place, thereby preventing the invasion of the silt and floating garbage in the seawater outside the bathing place, and achieving the purpose of protecting the water quality of the water body in the bathing place. The filtering membrane 8 can be replaced by a waterproof membrane, such as a rubber membrane or a plastic membrane, or the filtering membrane 8 is arranged on the upper part of the flexible net 9, and the other parts are replaced by a waterproof membrane, such as a rubber membrane or a plastic membrane, and the waterproof membrane and the filtering membrane 8 are respectively arranged on different positions on the flexible net.

The inner bone 9 is two identical net-shaped splints woven by strips made of elastic waterproof materials. As shown in figures 2 and 3, the two net-shaped splints clamp the filter membrane 8 in the middle, the wide strips form main grids, the narrow strips divide each main grid into 9 sub-grids, 12 screw holes 10 are arranged on the frame of each hole bamboo grid of the net-shaped splints, screws 11 penetrate through the screw holes 10, and then nuts 12 are used for fixing. The mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net 6 is determined according to the size of the filtering membrane 8, and is usually not too large, preferably 1 m × 1 m or 1.5 m × 1.5 m. The function of the inner bone 9 is to install and fix the splint of the filtering membrane 8.

The whole suspension device is pushed, retreated and retreated along with the propulsion of seawater under the action of tide and wave current to form a seawater filter wall, so that the silt in the seawater outside the seaside bathing place is prevented from entering the seaside bathing place. If a certain filter membrane 8 is damaged by perforation in the application process, the filter membrane can be replaced by only dismounting the filter membrane, so that the repair is convenient.

Claims

1. A floated sediment trapping filter mud water quality protection device includes: floater (1), main hawser (2), vice hawser (3), side mound (4), heavy roof beam (7), its characterized in that still includes: the floating body (1) floats on the water surface, the main cable (2) is connected with all the floating bodies (1), two ends of the main cable (2) are respectively tied on side piers (4) of a bathing beach, the caisson (5) is fixed on the sea floor, one end of the auxiliary cable (3) is connected to the main cable (2) tied on the floating body (1), the other end of the auxiliary cable (3) is connected to the caisson (5), the upper edge of the flexible net (6) is hung on the main cable (2) of the floating body (1), the heavy beam (7) is arranged on the lower edge of the flexible net (6) and is embedded into the sea floor, and the filtering membrane (8) and/or the waterproof membrane are/is arranged on the flexible net (6).

2. The suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when both the filtering membrane and the impervious membrane are included, the impervious membrane and the filtering membrane are respectively disposed at different places on the flexible net, the filtering membrane is disposed at a part of the flexible net (6), and the impervious membrane is disposed at a part other than the filtering membrane.

3. The suspended water quality protection device for sand-blocking and mud-filtering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating body (1) is composed of a sealed hollow container capable of floating on the water surface, and is a sealed high-strength plastic hollow barrel, an aerated rubber or plastic sealed tube, or a metal sealed hollow barrel.

4. A suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the caisson (5) is either a pile or an anchor, and is uniformly arranged and fixed on the seabed along the periphery of the water quality protection area.

5. The suspended sand-blocking and mud-filtering water quality protection device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the caisson (5) is cylindrical, the axial direction of the cylindrical caisson (5) arranged on the seabed is vertical to the tidal current direction, a hook ring is arranged on the caisson (5), one end of an auxiliary cable (3) is tied on the hook ring, and the other end of the auxiliary cable (3) is tied on a main cable (2) on the floating body (1).

6. The suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that inner ribs (9) are uniformly arranged on the flexible net (6), the mesh size of the flexible net (6) is determined by the strength of the filtering membrane (8) used, the flexible net (6) is suspended on the floating body (1), and the downward suspension dimension of the flexible net is related to the depth H of seawater and the maximum wavelength L of tidal current at the highest tide level in history.

7. A suspended water quality protection device with sand-blocking and mud-filtering function as in claim 6, wherein the flexible net (6) has an underwater span at least greater than that of the water

If the tide is strong, the area of the bathing beachThe underwater layer web of the larger, flexible net (6) has a length of at least

Wherein delta is the maximum amplitude of the seawater surface, B is the length of the bathing beach, S is the area of the bathing beach, and xi is a coefficient, which is 1.5.

8. The suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device according to claim 6, wherein the inner ribs (9) are two identical net-shaped splints woven by strips made of elastic water-resistant materials, the two net-shaped splints clamp the filtering membrane (8) in the middle, the wide strips form main grids, the narrow strips divide each main grid into 9 sub-grids, screw holes (10) are arranged on the frame of each main grid of each hole of the net-shaped splints, and screws (11) penetrate through the screw holes (10) and are fixed through nuts (12).

9. The suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filtering membrane (8) is a fine rib silk membrane block lined with reinforced strength, the particle size of the filtering membrane (8) is less than 0.1 mm, the size of each filtering membrane (8) is determined by the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net (6) and is slightly larger than the mesh size of the inner bone of the flexible net (6), and the periphery of each filtering membrane (8) passes through screws and is fixed on the inner bone (9) of the flexible net (6) through nuts and small clamping plates.

10. The suspended sand-blocking mud-filtering water quality protection device of claim 1, wherein the heavy beam (7) is a heavy object heavier than water, is bound on the lower edge of the flexible net (6) and is buried on the seabed.