CN100356162C - Method and apparatus for measuring gas concentration based on light source modulation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for measuring gas concentration based on light source modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100356162C CN100356162C CNB2004100280494A CN200410028049A CN100356162C CN 100356162 C CN100356162 C CN 100356162C CN B2004100280494 A CNB2004100280494 A CN B2004100280494A CN 200410028049 A CN200410028049 A CN 200410028049A CN 100356162 C CN100356162 C CN 100356162C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 49
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003994 anesthetic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013842 nitrous oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for gas concentration measurement based on light source modulation. The method comprises the steps: A. the device is provided with a pulsed light source drive circuit (20), and the input of the drive circuit (20) is controlled by a single chip computer unit (10); B. a pulse series with certain time intervals is input by the single chip computer unit (10); C. an infrared source (30) is driven by the output of the drive circuit (20), and finally, input digital signals are processed by the single chip computer unit (10). The present invention adopts the light source modulation mode to replace the mechanical modulation mode, and no chopping electric motor or chopping sheet is needed in the design of a probe; thus, the volume and the weight of the probe can be considerably decreased, the electromagnetic interference brought by electric motors can be eliminated, and the reliability and the interference resistance ability of the measuring instrument are enhanced.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to utilize the specific wavelength infrared waves by human body respiration gas, comprises carbon dioxide (CO
2), laughing gas (N
2O) and anesthetic gases, the phenomenon that absorptivity is high is come the method and apparatus of human body breathing gas concentration, relates in particular to based on the method and apparatus of infrared light supply being modulated measure gas concentrations.
The present medical respiration gas of background technology (comprises carbon dioxide, laughing gas N
2O and anesthetic gases) measuring method of monitoring instrument mostly is based on NDIR (Non-Dispersive Infrared) spectral analysis technique (NDIR, Non-DispersiveInfrared), promptly utilize the gas with various molecule that there is an optionally absorption peak in the middle infrared (Mid-IR) of specific wavelength, and the light intensity attenuation amount of gas concentration and its generation meet the Beer-Lambert law.For example carbon dioxide has an absorption peak near the infrared light the 4.26 μ m, therefore can detect corresponding density of carbon dioxide gas according near the damping capacity of light intensity 4.26 mu m wavebands.
The existing gas concentration measurement instrument device that absorbs based on infrared spectrum generally adopts the thermoelectric type infrared sensor, and the advantage of pyroelectric sensor is that antijamming capability is strong, good stability, and responding ability is strong.But,, adopt mechanical hook-up such as copped wave sheet that light source is modulated usually so must modulate light path when using because pyroelectric detector is a kind of the interchange or the device of transient response.Measuring sonde generally is made up of motor and several parts such as control circuit, optical filter, infrared sensor and signal processing circuit thereof of stable light source and driving circuit, driving copped wave sheet.For example the measuring process of carbon dioxide is as follows: stable light source is sent the infrared light of certain spectral range, through producing light pulse signal behind the copped wave sheet, two optical filters are arranged on the copped wave sheet, one is that centre wavelength is the bandpass filter of 4.26 μ m, be used for the density of carbon dioxide gas measurement as measuring passage, another be the wave band of any gas absorption in the not detected air chamber as reference channel, be the narrow band pass filter of 3.75 μ m as centre wavelength.The pulsed optical signals that produces through copped wave sheet modulation back has certain decay through the infrared light intensity of measuring passage behind the tested gas, and the infrared light strong basis of reference channel is originally constant, convert two path signal to through infrared sensor, the influence of the factors such as light source light-emitting efficiency, sensor responding ability and temperature drift of recently eliminating to measurement result of the measured value by the number of winning the confidence passage and reference channel two path signal
The above-mentioned instrument major defect of understanding based on infrared spectrum absorption process measure gas concentrations has at present: light source adopts the mechanical modulation mode, needs copped wave motor and copped wave sheet, and the volume of measuring sonde is bigger, complex structure, and manufacture difficulty is big; Owing in the measurement mechanism rotary part is arranged, very responsive to vibration and electromagnetic interference (EMI), serviceable life and reliability significantly reduce.
For avoiding described the deficiencies in the prior art part, Chinese patent application CN 1145115A discloses a kind of name and has been called the SIC (semiconductor integrated circuit) gas detection chip technology of " improved NDIR detector ", thereby produces the very little less again measuring sonde that is vibrated with electromagnetic interference effect of volume.But the disclosed technology of described CN 1145115A patented claim is the device with the integrally manufactured moulding of a block semiconductor material, does not have the independent infrared light supply of flexibility and changeability, and it only is 1～3Hz that its Source drive 76 provides the frequency of energy pulse; Device according to this technology manufacturing is the universal probe that is used for measuring multiple gas with various concentration, is not to be medically specially to monitor purposes in real time at the patient respiratory gas concentration, thereby its measuring accuracy causes anxiety.
The summary of the invention the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and proposes a kind of improved method of medically measuring the human body respiration gas concentration that is exclusively used in.The present invention adopts electronic impulse infrared light supply mode, does not so just need mechanical copped wave device that light source is modulated.Measuring sonde of the present invention simple in structure, volume also can be done very for a short time.Owing to cancelled mechanical gyro unit, the reliability of checkout equipment and antijamming capability improved greatly.Light-pulse generator of the present invention adopts PWM (pulse-length modulation) mode to drive, sensor is selected the hyperchannel infrared sensor for use, the measurement window of sensor embeds the narrow band pass filter that centre wavelength is 3.75 μ m, 4.26 μ m and other wavelength respectively, be used to gather gas concentration measurement signal to be measured and reference signal, the ratio by getting each channel signal and the measured value of reference signal is to reach the performance index identical with mechanical copped wave.
The present invention solve the technical problem and is achieved by the following technical solution:
Implement a kind of method based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations, based on the system that comprises single machine unit, infrared light supply, filter set, infrared sensor, signal processing circuit, A/D change-over circuit and display unit, be exclusively used in and medically measure the human body respiration gas concentration, described method comprises step:
A., the driving circuit of infrared light supply is set, and the input of this driving circuit is controlled by single machine unit;
B. all the 10kHz train of impulses of 16～25ms by single machine unit input duration and interval time;
C. the output of described driving circuit drives infrared light supply;
D. the infrared light that sends of infrared light supply passes the tested human body breathing gas in the gas passage, more respectively by filter
Two centre wavelengths are that measured signal optical filter and the centre wavelength of 4.26 μ m are 3.75 μ m's in the mating plate group
The reference signal optical filter, or be each narrow band pass filter of 3.3 μ m, 3.75 μ m, 3.9 μ m and 4.26 μ m by centre wavelength in the filter set respectively, on infrared sensor, induce measured signal and reference signal;
E. measured signal and reference signal by the signal processing circuit processing and amplifying after, convert digital signal to through the A/D change-over circuit again and be input to single machine unit;
F. single machine unit is handled each way word signal.
In said method, the probe device can be combined into one light source driving circuit, infrared light supply, filter set, infrared sensor and gas passage.
Signal processing circuit can also be joined in the middle of the one probe device.
Can also not comprise light source driving circuit, the probe device that only infrared light supply, filter set, infrared sensor and gas passage is combined into one, volume can be littler like this.
Compared with prior art, the method and apparatus of measure gas concentrations of the present invention designs for goals of medicine specially, adopt the modulation of source mode to substitute the mechanical modulation mode, no longer need copped wave motor and copped wave sheet in the probe designs, can reduce the volume and weight of popping one's head in greatly, and can eliminate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that motor brings, increase the reliability and the antijamming capability of surveying instrument; The inventive method and device are again because adopt PWM mode modulated infrared light source, light source pulse string frequency 10kHz, each 16～25ms of modulating pulse width and interval width, adaptive patient's respiratory rate, the detector of integrated circuit form compared to existing technology, used modulating frequency is much higher, and measuring accuracy also correspondingly than higher, satisfies the requirement of medical domain.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the method for modulation of source measure gas concentrations;
Fig. 2 is that device of the present invention constitutes block scheme;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the formation block scheme of one probe device embodiment one in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the formation block scheme of one probe device embodiment two in apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment is done further detailed description below in conjunction with each preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing to the present invention:
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, enforcement the present invention is based on the method for modulation of source measure gas concentrations, based on the system that comprises single machine unit 10, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150, signal processing circuit 60, A/D change-over circuit 70 and display unit 120, be exclusively used in the concentration of medically measuring human body respiration gas, described method comprises step:
A., the driving circuit 20 of infrared light supply 30 is set, and the input of this driving circuit 20 is subjected to single machine unit 10 controls;
B. all be the 10kHz train of impulses of 16～25ms by single machine unit 10 input durations and interval time;
The output of c. described driving circuit 20 drives infrared light supply 30;
D. the infrared light that sends of infrared light supply 30 passes the tested human body breathing gas in the gas passage 40, be that measured signal optical filter and the centre wavelength of 4.26 μ m is the reference signal optical filter of 3.75 μ m by two centre wavelengths in the filter set 50 respectively again, or be each narrow band pass filter of 3.3 μ m, 3.75 μ m, 3.9 μ m and 4.26 μ m by centre wavelength in the filter set 50 respectively, on infrared sensor 150, induce measured signal and reference signal;
E. measured signal and reference signal by signal processing circuit 60 processing and amplifying after, convert digital signal to through A/D change-over circuit 70 again and be input to single machine unit 10;
F. 10 pairs of each way word signals of single machine unit are handled.
In said method, one of embodiment of the invention light source driving circuit 20, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40 can be combined into one the probe device 100.
Two of the embodiment of the invention can also not comprise light source driving circuit, and probe device 100 only is combined into one infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention join signal processing circuit 60 in the one probe device 100, just infrared light supply driving circuit 20, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40, signal processing circuit 60 are combined into one probe device 100.
In said method, the signal processing channel number in the signal processing circuit 60 is set according to the number setting of want detected gas kind.
The present invention can also further obtain implementing by adopting following technical scheme:
As shown in Figure 3: manufacture and design a kind of device based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations, be exclusively used in the concentration of medically measuring human body respiration gas, comprise single machine unit 10, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150, signal processing circuit 60, A/D change-over circuit 70 and demonstration and other processing unit 120, especially:
Also comprise infrared light supply driving circuit 20; The input end PWM of described infrared light supply driving circuit 20 connects the output terminal of U1 in the single machine unit 10, the drain electrode of the output driver spare Q1 of described infrared light supply driving circuit 20 connects infrared light supply 30, the source ground of Q1, another pin of infrared light supply 30 meets positive source Vcc.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, output driver spare Q1 adopts field effect transistor, can adopt normal transistor in other embodiments.
As shown in Figure 4: the probe device 100 that light source driving circuit 20, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40 can be combined into one in one of embodiment of the invention, device of the present invention and one are popped one's head in PWM, GND between the device 100, Vcc ,-Vcc, go the input of (60) to be connected with the air guide sebific duct.
As shown in Figure 5: the embodiment of the invention two in can also not comprise light source driving circuit, the probe device 100 that only infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40 is combined into one, device of the present invention is popped one's head in one drain electrode, GND, the Vcc of Q1 between the device 100, go the input of (60) to be connected with the air guide sebific duct.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention join signal processing circuit 60 in the one probe device 100, just infrared light supply driving circuit 20, infrared light supply 30, filter set 50, infrared sensor 150 and gas passage 40, signal processing circuit 60 are combined into one probe device 100.
The infrarede emitting diode device is adopted in the preferred embodiments of the present invention mid-infrared light source 30.
Optical filter in the preferred embodiments of the present invention in the filter set 50 comprises that centre wavelength is the narrow band pass filter of 4.26 μ m and 3.75 μ m.Comprise that in other embodiments centre wavelength is the narrow band pass filter of 4.26 μ m, 3.3 μ m, 3.75 μ m and 3.9 μ m.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
The pulsed light that infrared light supply 30 sends is absorbed by breathing gas through behind the tested gas, and the light intensity that infrared sensor 150 receives just changes, and the rule of its variation satisfies the Beer-Lambert law:
I＝I
0·e
-aLC
In the formula, I
0, I is respectively and absorbs forward and backward infrared light light intensity.
With the carbon dioxide is that example: α is the absorption coefficient of 4.26 mum wavelength carbon dioxide gases, and L is effective absorption light path of tested gas, and C is the concentration of tested gas, I in measurement mechanism
0, α, L all remain unchanged, so by measuring the light intensity after the decay, the concentration that just can obtain tested carbon dioxide according to the decay light intensity and the gas concentration lwevel relation curve of prior formulation.The temperature of the fluctuation of light source output power, detection circuit factor such as is floated and all can be had influence on measurement result accuracy in measuring process, need in measurement mechanism, introduce one with reference to wave band, carbon dioxide this with reference to wave band without any absorption, the light intensity that measures by reference channel is a constant amount, is approximately equal to I
0Get carbon dioxide channel measurement value and just compare with the reference channel measured value and can eliminate light source fluctuation, the circuit temperature such as floats at the influence that measurement result is caused.The measurement of light intensity realizes by a multichannel infrared sensor 150, the measurement window front of infrared sensor 150 is placed the bandpass filter that centre wavelength is 4.26 μ m and 3.75 μ m respectively, measure the light intensity of two different-wavebands, wherein the window of 4.26 μ m is used for measuring the light intensity after the carbon dioxide absorption.3.75 the window of μ m is used for doing reference channel.Bandpass filter is embedded in the photosensitive window of infrared sensor 150, belongs to incorporate element.
The signal of two passages by A/D change-over circuit 70, is sent into single machine unit 10 and is carried out gas concentration lwevel, the isoparametric calculating of respiratory rate after signal processing circuit 60 processing and amplifying.
Shown in Figure 3 is the preferred embodiment of circuit of the present invention, and the signal processing channel number in the signal processing circuit 60 is 2.Single-chip microcomputer U1 in the single machine unit 10 can select AT89C51 series for use, three pins of its P2.0～P2.2 meet input channel selecting side A0, A1, the A2 of the A/D converter U2 in the A/D change-over circuit 70, with deciding which input cut-in operation, the output signal_ gas of signal processing circuit 60 and signal_REF insert each one tunnel input of A/D converter U2, A/D converter U2 selects MAX158 in a preferred embodiment for use, can certainly select the A/D converter of other models for use.
As shown in Figure 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 or connection drive display unit 120 and directly show, perhaps result are transferred to other devices and show, print and store.
As shown in Figure 2, stabilized voltage supply 80 to whole device provide Vcc ,-Vcc, GND direct supply.
The present invention places 3.3 μ m respectively as adopting the infrared sensor of four-way before the four measuring window, 3.75 μ m, and the optical filter of 3.9 μ m and 4.26 μ m just can be measured carbon dioxide, laughing gas (N simultaneously
2O) and the concentration of anesthetic gases.
Signal processing channel number in the signal processing circuit 60 is set according to the number setting of want detected gas kind.If adopt the infrared sensor of four-way, then the signal processing channel number also is 4.
Utilize method of the present invention, change the optical filter of placing before the multichannel sensor window, perhaps increase the measurement passage of sensor, can measure the concentration of other gases.
Facts have proved, adopt the modulation of source mode to substitute the mechanical modulation mode among the present invention, do not need copped wave motor and copped wave sheet in the probe designs, can reduce the volume and weight of popping one's head in greatly, and can eliminate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that motor brings, increase the reliability and the antijamming capability of surveying instrument.
Claims (4)
1. method based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations, based on the system that comprises single machine unit (10), infrared light supply (30), filter set (50), infrared sensor (150), signal processing circuit (60), A/D change-over circuit (70) and display unit (120), be exclusively used in the concentration of medically measuring human body respiration gas, described method comprises step:
A., the driving circuit (20) of infrared light supply (30) is set, and the input of this driving circuit (20) is subjected to single machine unit (10) control;
B. all be the 10kHz train of impulses of 16～25ms by single machine unit (10) input duration and interval time;
The output of c. described driving circuit (20) drives infrared light supply (30);
D. the infrared light that sends of infrared light supply (30) passes the tested human body breathing gas in the gas passage (40), be that measured signal optical filter and the centre wavelength of 4.26 μ m is the reference signal optical filter of 3.75 μ m by two centre wavelengths in the filter set (50) respectively again, or be each narrow band pass filter of 3.3 μ m, 3.75 μ m, 3.9 μ m and 4.26 μ m by centre wavelength in the filter set (50) respectively, on infrared sensor (150), induce measured signal and reference signal;
E. measured signal and reference signal by signal processing circuit (60) processing and amplifying after, convert digital signal to through A/D change-over circuit (70) again and be input to single machine unit (10);
F. single machine unit (10) is handled each way word signal.
2. the method based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with light source driving circuit (20), infrared light supply (30), filter set (50), infrared sensor (150) and gas passage (40) be combined into one the probe device (100).
3. the method based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with infrared light supply (30), filter set (50), infrared sensor (150) and gas passage (40) be combined into one the probe device (100).
4. the method based on the modulation of source measure gas concentrations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with light source driving circuit (20), infrared light supply (30), filter set (50), infrared sensor (150), signal processing circuit (60) and gas passage (40) be combined into one the probe device (100).
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| CN102768188A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-11-07 | 山东建筑大学 | Medical equipment |
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| FR3089009B1 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-12-04 | Elichens | Gas sensor incorporating a pulsed light source |
| CN109799206A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-24 | 上海大学 | A kind of overstepping one's bounds light type infrared gas sensor and its method of operation |
| CN110006836B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-02-18 | 江苏万联达医疗科技有限公司 | Device and method for identifying and measuring anesthetic gas |
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