CN100354218C - Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage - Google Patents
Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100354218C CN100354218C CNB031414834A CN03141483A CN100354218C CN 100354218 C CN100354218 C CN 100354218C CN B031414834 A CNB031414834 A CN B031414834A CN 03141483 A CN03141483 A CN 03141483A CN 100354218 C CN100354218 C CN 100354218C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- supply channel
- microwave
- glass metal
- glass
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a microwave heating feeding passage and a method for manufacturing glass products by using the microwave heating feeding passage. In the process of manufacture of glass, the distribution of the temperature of the glass metal in a feeding passage needs to be uniform; after the glass metal which flows out of a feeding basin is discharged, the weight is uniform. The present invention also provides the method for manufacturing glass products by using the microwave heating feeding passage; the method of the present invention is characterized in that a microwave generating device is arranged on the feeding passage, the glass metal is heated by microwaves, the microwaves can penetrate through the glass metal to heat the bottom layer of the glass metal, and thus, the integral temperature of the glass metal can be uniform. When a glass product is produced, heating processes are set, the microwave generating device is started, and then, the glass metal is heated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the glass production method of supply channel and use supply channel, relate in particular to technical problems such as the temperature distribution that how to make the glass metal in the supply channel is more even.
Background technology
Traditional supply channel has two effects, and an effect is that the guiding of the glass metal in the calciner is produced machine, and another effect is the temperature of regulating glass metal.
Because of some supply channels being arranged and because of the length difference of supply channel, the temperature of glass liquid of spout differs greatly separately.
Another is that the temperature regulation of traditional supply channel mainly is to rely on flame injection device, like this glass metal bulk temperature control difficulty.
For overcoming the above problems, on the Japanese kokai publication hei 2000-313623 communique, showed a kind of novel method.As shown in figure 10, enter distribution chamber 100 from the effusive glass metal of calciner, distribution chamber 100 does not carry out temperature regulation, and temperature regulation is carried out at surge chamber 102 places, and glass metal enters supply channel 109 subsequently.
The spy opens 2001-26428 communique, spy and opens 2001-21685 communique, spy and open flat 11-310417 communique, spy and open flat 11-94232 communique, spy and open flat 10-182169 communique, spy and open flat 10-177092 communique, spy and open the method that flat 5-171162 communique etc. is showed, its ultimate principle is all similar, as shown in figure 11, coil 209 is installed around tear drop mouth 208, feed high-frequency electrical, adopt high frequency medium type of heating, near the frit the tear drop mouth 208 is heated.
Summary of the invention
The method of being showed on the Te Kaiping 2000-313623 communique, a large amount of glass metals easily produce trapping phenomena when mobile, near the temperature of glass liquid the feed basin, and its skin temperature and near-bottom temperature differ greatly, and the temperature difference is more than 30 ℃.
In addition as shown in Figure 9, all barrel 16 rotations counterclockwise form and accumulate glass metal 80, accumulate glass metal because do not flow, so temperature is lower, after glass metal is sheared like this, gob weight is uneven easily, and accumulates glass metal 80 places and be easy to generate glass devitrification phenomenon.
The spy opens the method that waits for 2001-163624 number communique to show, can only the surface of supply channel glass metal be heated, can't the bottom of glass metal be heated, thereby this method the glass metal bulk temperature is evenly distributed is difficult.
The method according to this invention is provided with microwave generating apparatus on supply channel, insert high frequency electric source, high frequency electric source input high frequency, send out the generation microwave that shakes by syntonizer, utilize this microwave that the glass metal of transferring in the supply channel is heated, can solve above-mentioned problem like this.
The microwave that microwave generating apparatus produces penetrates glass metal from the top down, arrives the glass metal bottom at first, and the relatively low glass metal bottom of temperature has just fully obtained heating like this.In addition, microwave has obtained suitable reflection in supply channel, and to dispersion all around, the temperature distribution of glass metal horizontal direction also just evenly like this.
Pass through this method, each locational temperature difference of glass metal just becomes very little in the supply channel, the interior whole uniformity of temperature profile of glass metal of supply channel, after glass metal is sheared so, gob weight just can not differ by weight, does not just have crystallization glass packing phenomenon in the supply channel.
Supply channel of the present invention is when constituting, and wherein microwave generating apparatus will be made up of magnetron, prionotron or the gyrotron of band refrigerating unit.
Such structure can guarantee microwave generating apparatus under the hot environment of hundreds of degree, and microwave is sent in steady running.
Supply channel of the present invention is when constituting, and wherein the first end of supply channel will be provided with feed basin, and the joining place of feed basin and supply channel will be installed a microwave generating apparatus at least.
Such structure can make in the feed basin each locational temperature of glass liquid more even, prevents that Yin Wendu is uneven and the gob deviation of weight that causes, can also prevent that feed basin and supply channel joining place from producing glass devitrification phenomenon, the quality of raising glasswork.
Supply channel of the present invention is when constituting, and wherein the both sides of supply channel will be provided with flame injection device.Such structure, the common heat effect of microwave heating installation and flame injection device can make the temperature distribution of each position of glass metal in the supply channel more even.
Supply channel of the present invention is when constitute, and wherein supply channel top refractory brick will be designed to the central protrusion style.
Such structure can improve the exothermal effect on glass metal upper strata, reduces the temperature head of glass metal.In addition, the flame of supply channel both sides flame injection device ejection, traditional method is directly to spray to the glass metal surface, and in the present invention, the jut that flame is run into supply channel top refractory brick has changed direction.Such flame heating method can reach glass metal inside deeply, and heats is better.
Supply channel of the present invention is when constituting, and the dielectric loss of the glass metal that wherein flows will (measured temperature: 1200 ℃, measure cycle: during 2.45GHZ) more than 0.1.
When room temperature, general dielectric loss is 0 non-dielectric glass, when high temperature, also can effectively heat it with microwave like this.
How the dielectric loss of mobile glass metal could be more than prescribed value, and the back will be explained in detail.Main method is the alkali content that increases in the glass, improves the temperature of glass metal etc., is easy to just can improve the dielectric loss value of glass metal.
The present invention uses the glasswork manufacture method of microwave heating supply channel, and it comprises two operations.One is on supply channel, and glass metal is transferred on the limit, the heating process that the microwave that the limit produces by microwave generating apparatus heats glass metal.One is the molding procedure of glass metal being made glasswork.
The microwave that microwave generating apparatus produces penetrates glass metal from the top down, arrives the glass metal bottom at first, and the relatively low glass metal bottom of temperature has just fully obtained heating like this.
Like this when glasswork is produced, each locational glass metal in the feed basin, the temperature head between is just very little mutually, after glass metal is sheared, the weight of gob just can not differ by weight, in addition, can also effectively prevent to produce in the supply channel phenomenons such as devitrification of glass and the accumulation of crystallization glass.
In the glasswork manufacture method of the present invention, control will be monitored automatically to temperature of glass liquid, the monitor data immediate feedback or the microwave generating apparatus of just feeding, and microwave generating apparatus is made corresponding adjustment according to monitor data to microwave heating time.
By so automatic monitoring, just very accurate to the heating of glass metal, correctly each locational temperature of feed glass liquid narrows down to temperature head in the minimum extent.And, be equipped with under the situation of supply channel different in size at a calciner, still can be respectively to the glass metal heating in the supply channel separately, the temperature of glass liquid in the feed basin separately is evenly distributed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the orthographic plan and the side elevational view of microwave heating supply channel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a type of microwave heating supply channel of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a type of microwave heating supply channel of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a side of microwave magnetron generating unit;
Fig. 5 is the temperature of glass metal and the graph of a relation of dielectric loss (tan δ);
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of the temperature and the viscosity of glass metal;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of 9 thermometry;
Fig. 8 is simulation supply channel temperature measuring figure as a result;
Fig. 9 is that the glass metal of traditional supply channel flows to synoptic diagram;
Figure 10 is the orthographic plan of traditional supply channel;
Figure 11 is the explanatory view of traditional high frequency medium heating supply channel.
Embodiment
Below with regard to microwave heating supply channel of the present invention and utilize the microwave heating supply channel to carry out the example of glass production, the drawing by simple and clear specifies.
With reference to using legend, just, done simple summary with size, shape and the position relation of each several part, be convenient to understand.Range of application of the present invention thus can only not be confined to legend, in the goal of the invention scope, all can do suitably change and change.
[the 1st embodiment]
The 1st embodiment is meant the microwave heating supply channel, on the supply channel of transferring glass metal microwave generating apparatus is set, and high frequency electric source input high frequency is sent out the generation microwave that shakes by syntonizer, utilizes this microwave that glass metal is heated.
1, supply channel
Style
There is no particular restriction for the style of supply channel, shown in Fig. 1 (A), (B), is a passage of transferring glass metal for example, and an end communicates with clarifying chamber 24, and the other end is equipped with feed basin 14, and the centre is a temperature regulated zone 18,20,22.
Consider the position of glass shaper, between the temperature regulated zone 20 and 22 of supply channel, can be designed to the arrangement of certain sinuousness, but sinuousness is the reason that produces temperature of glass liquid inequality in the supply channel, so sinuousness can not be an acute angle, be arranged in a linear as far as possible.
Also there is no particular restriction for the quantity of supply channel and length, and in general, 2 ~ 6 supply channels are arranged in a calciner design, and a supply channel length is advisable between 5 ~ 10m.
Whipping appts
As shown in Figure 2, on the length direction of supply channel 10, it is comparatively ideal that more than one whipping appts 25 is set.
Can prevent that like this glass metal is detained in supply channel, in addition, as add additive on supply channel, through stirring, additive will distribute very evenly in glass metal.
Top refractory brick center protrusion style
Fig. 3 is the sectional area of supply channel 10, as shown in Figure 3, above glass metal, i.e. the top refractory brick of supply channel 10, there is jut 42 its centre.
Shape for lugs 42 can be leg-of-mutton, also can be rectangular.Jut 42 can improve the exothermal effect on glass metal upper strata, reduces the temperature head between glass metal upper strata and the bottom, makes the temperature distribution of glass metal integral body more become even.
The quantity of jut 42 can be provided with more than two preferable according to exothermal effect.
The insertion mouth of window and wave guide
Penetrate glass metal expeditiously for the ease of microwave, should reach the side above supply channel, offer the insertion mouth of window and wave guide, window and insertion mouth should be made of non-dielectric.
These windows have been arranged and inserted mouth, microwave generating apparatus just can be installed in the outside of supply channel, avoid supply channel high temperature on every side, the environment for use temperature of microwave generating apparatus is controlled just very convenient, can improve the service efficiency and the work-ing life of microwave generating apparatus, and the maintenance of magnetron or prionotron, the maintenance also be easy to.
Reflective construct
On supply channel, the microwave reflection device should be arranged.
Below supply channel, the side, above installation microwave reflection device, can be in the supply channel on each face with microwave reflection, microwave heating is just more even, more effective like this.
2, microwave generating apparatus
Structure
As shown in Figure 4, microwave generating apparatus is made up of the magnetron 12 of band refrigerating unit 69.
In order to protect microwave generating apparatus, around the magnetron 12 protecting sheathing should be installed.
Install
Be that microwave generating apparatus is installed in the supply channel outside better from improving the cooling performance of magnetron self, but from result of use and convenient management, microwave generating apparatus is installed in the top of supply channel and side, and then effect is even more ideal.For example, as shown in Figure 1, at the bend of supply channel and the joining place of feed basin and supply channel microwave generating apparatus is installed, magnetron does not directly contact with glass metal, and the penetrable glass metal of microwave fully heats the glass metal bottom.
The quantity of magnetron and length should decide according to the length and the shape of supply channel.For example the combination about 3/10m is an ideal comparatively.
In addition, when magnetron is installed, between magnetron and glass metal wave guide can also be set, wave guide can import microwave in the glass metal, can prevent that like this magnetron is because of the deterioration of being heated.
Control
The control of microwave generating apparatus will be carried out on the basis of the various data of fully understanding glass metal, situation, monitor automatically glass metal, and various data are wanted immediate feedback or the microwave generating apparatus of just feeding.
The temperature of glass metal, dielectric loss, viscosity, flow velocity etc. will be monitored in real time, various data are wanted immediate feedback or the microwave generating apparatus of just feeding, microwave generating apparatus is made corresponding adjustment, controlled microwave heat-up time, just more accurate to each locational temperature control of glass metal like this, temperature head can be controlled in the minimum extent, make the glass metal bulk temperature more even.
Will be on microwave generating apparatus mounting center treatment unit (CPU), be used for the fast processing mass data.
3, glass metal
Dielectric loss (tan δ)
There is no particular restriction for the kind of glass metal, as long as can carry out the medium heating.Be 1200 ℃ measuring temperature for example, measuring cycle is under the condition determination of 2.45GMHZ, and the dielectric loss of glass metal (tan δ) will be more than 0.1.
During so general room temperature, dielectric loss is the glass of zero non-dielectric, also can effectively heat with microwave when high temperature.Yet the value of the dielectric loss of glass metal can not be too big, and is too big, and the Heating temperature of glass metal and heat-up time are regulated and have any problem.
So the dielectric loss of glass metal should be controlled in 0.5 ~ 10 scope, be controlled in 1 ~ 5 scope just even more ideal.
The dielectric loss of glass metal can be regulated, and control method has the alkali content that increases in the glass metal, uses boron-containing glass, perhaps improves temperature of glass liquid etc., all can more easily improve the dielectric loss value of glass metal.
As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is three kinds of dissimilar glass, the dielectric loss logarithm numerical tabular under differing temps.The A line is alkaliferous lead glass, and the B line is a boron-containing glass, and the C line is an alkali-free glass.As can be seen, the temperature of glass metal is high more from the variation of curve, and the dielectric loss logarithm numerical value of glass is just high more.For example, alkaliferous lead glass needs only temperature of glass liquid more than 600 ℃, and the logarithm numerical value of its dielectric loss is just more than 0.1.
In addition, if contain a certain amount of alkali in the glass, the logarithm numerical value of the dielectric loss of this kind glass is just bigger so.Alkali-free in the glass conversely speaking,, the logarithm numerical value of the dielectric loss of this kind glass is just less so.C line for example, temperature of glass liquid will be more than 1200, and the logarithm numerical value of its dielectric loss just can reach 0.1.
This shows that by adjusting temperature of glass liquid, the alkalinity of glass can be with the logarithm Numerical Control of the dielectric loss of glass metal in specialized range.
Medial temperature and temperature head
The temperature of glass metal is according to the difference of glass types and different, soda-lime glass for example relatively more commonly used, the medial temperature of feed basin mouth can be controlled in 1000 ~ 1600 ℃ of scopes, after temperature was set in a certain temperature value, top temperature and the temperature head between the minimum temperature in the glass metal will be controlled in 15 ℃.
Its reason is 1000 ℃ of medial temperature less thaies, and temperature head is again greater than 15 ℃, and the flowability of glass metal is just very poor, is detained easily, and glass metal is easy to generate the crystallization phenomenon, and crystallization glass is piled up easily.And when the glass metal medial temperature surpassed 1600 ℃, each locational temperature distribution control of glass metal just became very difficult, and it is big that the temperature head between top temperature and the minimum temperature becomes, and caused the gob weight after the shearing to differ, and influence is produced.
So the glass metal medial temperature of feed basin mouth is controlled in 1100 ~ 1500 ℃ of scopes, temperature head be controlled at 10 ℃ with interior be ideal comparatively, medial temperature is controlled in 1200 ~ 1400 ℃ of scopes, temperature head is controlled at 5 ℃ with interior then even more ideal.
Differences in viscosity
Each locational glass viscosity difference of glass liquid in charging bin will be dwindled as far as possible, soda-lime glass for example relatively more commonly used, and the differences in viscosity between peak viscosity and the minimal viscosity will be controlled in the 10pa.s.
Its reason be differences in viscosity more than 10pa.s, the mobile extreme difference of glass metal is detained easily, glass is easy to generate crystallization, crystallization glass is piled up easily.
So it is comparatively ideal that the differences in viscosity (maximum value) of the glass metal in the feed basin is controlled in 0.01 ~ 5pa.s scope, is controlled in 0.1 ~ 3pa.s scope then even more ideal.
Fig. 6 is the temperature of glass metal and the graph of a relation between the viscosity.What the glass metal sample adopted is the soda-lime glass of using always, and transverse axis is represented temperature of glass liquid, and d-axis is represented the logarithmic value (pa.s) of glass metal viscosity.
From the feature of figure medium viscosity curve as can be seen, in 1000 ~ 1600 ℃ of scopes, temperature and viscosity are inversely proportional to, and temperature is high more, and viscosity is low more, otherwise temperature is low more, and viscosity is high more.Dwindle the differences in viscosity of point to point, the most effective way is the temperature head of dwindling point to point.
So the temperature of glass liquid in charging bin is controlled in 1000 ~ 1600 ℃ of scopes, again by suitably heating, can be in same scope with the viscosity controller of glass metal.
Alkali content
, alkali content in the glass should be controlled in 1 ~ 20 weight % scope the glass metal heating for effectively.
Its reason is that alkali content is lower than 1 weight % in the glass, and the dielectric loss of glass metal is too little, the heating difficulty.And when alkali content in the glass was higher than 20 weight %, the intensity difference of glasswork, and the glass easy over-heating that becomes caused temperature distributing disproportionation on the contrary.
So alkalinity is controlled in 1 ~ 18 weight % scope to be comparatively ideal, to be controlled in 5 ~ 15 weight % scopes then even more ideal in the glass metal.
Alkali content in the glass can be by regulating Li in the glass ingredient
2O, Na
2O, K
2The content of compositions such as O, CaO, MgO, BaO, SrO achieves the goal.
The velocity of flow of glass metal
In order effectively glass metal to be heated, the velocity of flow of glass metal should be controlled in 3 ~ 300mm/ branch scope.
Its reason be the velocity of flow of glass metal as being lower than the 3mm/ branch, the dielectric loss of glass metal is too little, the heating difficulty.And the velocity of flow of working as glass metal is higher than the 300mm/ timesharing, and the temperature distribution scope of glass metal is big, the control difficulty.
So it is comparatively ideal that the velocity of flow of glass metal is controlled in 5 ~ 200mm/ branch scope, be controlled in 7 ~ 150mm/ branch scope then even more ideal.
4, other
Shown in Fig. 3 (A), also should several flame injection devices 40 be installed in supply channel 10 both sides, Combustion Source can be used Sweet natural gas, coal gas etc., by burner noz(zle), presses direction of arrow burning among the figure.
Flame combustion apparatus can heat large-area glass metal surface, and microwave heating cooperates flame heating, can make the temperature of glass liquid in the supply channel distribute more even.
[the 2nd embodiment]
The 2nd embodiment is meant and utilizes the microwave heating supply channel to carry out the method that glasswork is produced.It comprises fusion operation, heating process, these three operations of molding procedure.
1, fusion operation
The fusion operation is meant in calciner, with the temperature of regulation, with the process of frit fusion.Generally with 1400 ~ 1600 ℃ high temperature frit is heated, make it fuse into glass metal, the viscosity of glass metal is 100 ~ 50, in the 000pa.s scope.
Glass types can be soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, lead glass, also can be lead-silica glass, phosphate glass or the like.Glass ingredient can comprise: SiO
2, Al
2O
3, B
2O
3, Na
2O, K
2O, CaO, PbO or the like.
Glass colour can be water white, painted transparent, painted translucent or the like.
In addition, in order to increase the effect of microwave heating, also can in frit, add the nickelalloy of 0.01 ~ 10 weight %.
2, heating process
Heating process is meant that on supply channel the process of glass metal limit to the glass metal heating transferred on the limit.Should use the microwave generating apparatus that illustrates among the 1st embodiment about heating process, defer to following heating condition, heat.
Microwave
The cycle of microwave should decide according to the factors such as scale of heating efficiency and microwave generating apparatus, generally is controlled in 300MHZ ~ 50GHZ scope preferable.
Its reason is the not enough 300MHZ of the cycle of microwave, the certain temperature that equally glass metal raise, and required time is oversize.And when the cycle of microwave surpassed 50GHZ, the scale of magnetron was too big, and quantity is too many, and it is very huge that whole microwave generating apparatus just becomes.
So take all factors into consideration, the cycle of microwave is controlled in 300MHZ ~ 20GHZ scope more satisfactory, is controlled in 500MHZ ~ 5GHZ scope then even more ideal.
According to the kind of microwave generating apparatus, the cycle of microwave has in most cases been decided in advance.The microwave generating apparatus of magnetron for example, the cycle of microwave generally is decided to be 0.915GHZ and 2.45GHZ, the microwave generating apparatus of prionotron, the cycle of microwave generally is decided to be 6GHZ.
The microwave generating apparatus of gyrotron, the cycle of microwave generally is decided to be 28GHZ.
Microwave irradiating time
Microwave irradiating time should be taken all factors into consideration heating efficiency, and the microwave generating apparatus scale determines behind the various factorss such as the flow velocity of glass metal.In general, it is interior for good that the irradiation time of glass metal unit volume should be controlled at 10 ~ 1000 seconds scopes.
Its reason is microwave irradiating time less than 10 seconds, glass metal underheating, and temperature rises insufficient.And when microwave irradiating time surpasses 1000 seconds, the expense height, uneconomical.
Take all factors into consideration various factors, it is preferable that microwave irradiating time is controlled in 20 ~ 500 seconds scopes, is controlled in 60 ~ 300 seconds scopes then even more ideal.
Electricity consumption
Electricity consumption in the heating process should be according to heating efficiency, and factors such as glass metal flow decide.Generally be controlled in 2 ~ 100KW/ton scope better.
Its reason is the not enough 2KW/ton of electricity consumption, and the heating required time is oversize.And when electricity consumption surpassed 100KW/ton, the microwave generating apparatus scale was too big, the glass metal local superheating.
So it is comparatively ideal that the electricity consumption in the heating process is controlled in 3 ~ 80KW/ton scope, be controlled in 5 ~ 60KW/ton scope then even more ideal.
3, molding procedure
Molding procedure is meant that effusive glass metal cuts into gob in the feed basin, and gob weight uniformity imports gob in the mould on the bottle-making machine again, is blow molded into various glassy products, as bottle for cosmetics, drug bottle etc.
[example]
[example 1]
1, the production of glasswork
With SiO
2, Na
2O, K
2O, CaO, MgO and Al
2O
3These soda-lime glass raw materials are put in the calciner, make its fusion with 1500 ℃ of heat, and the viscosity of soda-lime glass liquid is 10,000pa.s.
Glass metal enters the clarifying chamber from melting chamber subsequently, then enters supply channel, and microwave generating apparatus is installed on the supply channel.Supply channel is about 8m, microwave generating apparatus is installed in the joining place of feed basin and supply channel, the velocity of flow of glass metal is about the 35mm/ branch, the cycle of microwave is 2.45GHZ, electricity consumption is 4KW, in the microwave heating glass metal, and a supply channel both sides number flame injection device, also jet out flames, glass metal is heated.
Effusive glass metal in the feed basin is cut into gob, and gob weight uniformity imports gob in the mould on the bottle-making machine again, is blow molded into vial.
2, temperature of glass liquid measure of spread
Measuring temperature distribution
A. simulate the supply channel temperature measuring
With a columnar insulating container, the glass metal in the simulation supply channel after the fusion of dress 70kg calciner, the microwave magnetron generating unit with the band refrigerating unit heats glass metal.The cycle of microwave is 2.45GHZ, magnetron consumption electric power 4KW, and the central authorities of insulating container are provided with 3 points for measuring temperature in upper, middle and lower, and the edge also is provided with 3 points for measuring temperature in upper, middle and lower, amounts to 6 points for measuring temperature and carries out thermometric.
Measurement result as shown in Figure 8,400 minutes heat-up times, temperature has risen more than 400 ℃, in the temperature uphill process, maximum temperature difference is 50 ℃ between each point for measuring temperature.
B. supply channel temperature measuring
As shown in Figure 7,, A ~ I9 point point for measuring temperature is set, uses thermocouple temperature measurement, shown in the measurement result table 1 at supply channel and feed basin joining place.
From measurement result as can be seen, the temperature vertex is the A point, and temperature minimum point is the I point, and both temperature heads thereby can confirm that the glass metal bulk temperature is evenly distributed in 10 ℃.
Thermo-efficiency
According to above measurement result,, can draw following formula according to 9 thermometry Efficiency Calculation methods:
The top temperature of A, B, C and minimum temperature poor
The top temperature of D, E, F and minimum temperature poor
The top temperature of G, H, I and minimum temperature poor
The temperature head of A and D
The temperature head of B and E
The temperature head of C and F
The temperature head of D and G
The temperature head of E and H
The temperature head of F and I
Thermo-efficiency illustrates more than 96% that efficient is better; Thermo-efficiency illustrates more than 97% that efficient is better; Thermo-efficiency illustrates efficient the best more than 99%.
Glass metal viscosity
As shown in Figure 7, at the joining place of supply channel and feed basin, 9 points for measuring temperature are set, according to measured temperature, the viscosity calculations formula of utilization Fulcher can be calculated glass metal viscosity.Calculation result is as shown in table 1.
logη＝A+B/(Temp-C)
A, B, C: decide according to glass types
A＝-1.541、B＝4273.1、C＝253.2
Temp: the mensuration temperature (℃)
From measurement result as can be seen, A point viscosity is minimum, and I point viscosity is the highest, and 2 differences in viscosity are 7pa.s, and from then on the result can confirm that the viscosity profile of glass metal at feed basin place is even.
3, the evaluation of glasswork
Weight determination
Changes in weight with regard to glasswork (1000, as follows) is measured, and measuring result shows that the weight in average of glasswork is 18g, the changes in weight scope weight in average ± 1.7% scope in, also promptly in ± 0.3g scope.
Visual inspection
Just the outward appearance of the glasswork of being produced (1000) is observed with opticmicroscope, and observations shows, in all glassworks, has not observed impurities such as devitrification of glass.
[example 2]
Example 2 is on the basis of example 1, and supply channel top refractory brick is designed to the central protrusion style, and other working conditions are identical with example 1, produces 1000 of glassworks equally, and estimates.
Weight determination is the result show, the weight in average of glasswork is 18g, the changes in weight scope weight in average ± 1.1% scope in, promptly in ± 0.2g scope.
The outward appearance observations shows, in all glassworks, has not observed impurities such as devitrification of glass.
Above result shows, except that with the microwave heating, supply channel top refractory brick is made the central protrusion style, can appropriate cooled glass liquid surface temperature, and make the glass metal bulk temperature more become evenly, the changes in weight of glasswork is littler like this, and exterior quality is better.
[comparative example 1]
In order to compare with example 1, compare the production of example 1, promptly do not start microwave generating apparatus, without microwave glass metal is heated, other working condition is identical with example 1, produces 1000 of glassworks equally, and estimates.
Weight determination is the result show, the weight in average of glasswork is 18g, the changes in weight scope weight in average ± 2.2% scope in, promptly in ± 0.4g scope.
The outward appearance observations shows in 1000 glassworks, have 4 glassworks to contain impurities such as devitrification of glass.
Table 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | ||||
| Microwave heating | Have | Have | Do not have | |||
| The flame spraying heating | Have | Have | Have | |||
| Supply channel top refractory brick center protrusion | Do not have | Have | Do not have | |||
| Measure the place | Temperature/℃ | Viscosity/pa.s | Temperature/℃ | Viscosity/pa.s | Temperature/℃ | Viscosity/pa.s |
| A | 1191 | 105 | 1170 | 132 | 1261 | 50 |
| B | 1189 | 107 | 1172 | 129 | 1251 | 55 |
| C | 1186 | 110 | 1172 | 129 | 1244 | 59 |
| D | 1190 | 105 | 1170 | 132 | 1250 | 56 |
| E | 1189 | 107 | 1170 | 132 | 1246 | 58 |
| F | 1188 | 107 | 1171 | 129 | 1244 | 59 |
| G | 1187 | 110 | 1171 | 129 | 1252 | 55 |
| H | 1185 | 110 | 1172 | 129 | 1246 | 58 |
| I | 1183 | 112 | 1171 | 129 | 1242 | 60 |
| Maximum poor | 8℃ | 7pa.s | 2℃ | 3pa.s | 19℃ | 10pa.s |
| Thermo-efficiency (%) | 97.8 | 99.1 | 95.8 | |||
| Weight in average (g) | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | |||
| Changes in weight amplitude (g) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | |||
| Aesthetic appearance | Well | Well | A part is bad | |||
Test-results shows, microwave heating supply channel of the present invention can effectively heat the glass metal bottom, makes glass metal bulk temperature uniformity.
Glass metal bulk temperature uniformity, after glass metal outflow feed basin is sheared, the gob weight unanimity of formation, no weight uneven phenomenon.In addition, because glass metal bulk temperature uniformity, thereby bubble and devitrification of glass phenomenon obviously reduce in the glass metal, have improved the quality of glasswork.And because glass metal bulk temperature uniformity, oxidation, reduction reaction are just very abundant, very stable, that is to say that if glass metal is carried out painted processing, the tone of glass metal can be very stable.
Test-results shows, the glasswork manufacture method of use microwave heating supply channel of the present invention, can reduce bubble and devitrification of glass phenomenon in the glass metal effectively, and the glasswork weight of being produced is even, beautiful appearance, both improve the quality of glasswork, improved the production efficiency of glasswork again.
In addition, manufacture method of the present invention can also alleviate the burden of flame spraying heating unit, obtains following effect.
Save the energy.
Reduce exhausted air quantities such as carbonic acid gas, help environment protection.
Prolong the work-ing life of supply channel.
Microwave generating apparatus of the present invention not only can be used for the heating of supply channel glass metal, can also be used for the heating at glass calciner and other position.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of microwave heating supply channel is provided with microwave generating apparatus on the supply channel of transferring glass metal, high frequency electric source input high frequency is sent out the generation microwave that shakes by syntonizer, utilizes this microwave that glass metal is heated.
2, microwave heating supply channel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described microwave generating apparatus is made up of the magnetron with refrigerating unit, prionotron or gyrotron.
3, microwave heating supply channel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the top ends of described supply channel is provided with feed basin, and described microwave generating apparatus is installed on each position of supply channel, but the joining place of feed basin and supply channel will be installed a microwave generating apparatus at least.
4, microwave heating supply channel as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the flame spraying heating unit is installed in described supply channel both sides.
5, microwave heating supply channel as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, jut is set above metal level, and the top refractory brick that is about to supply channel is designed to the central protrusion style.
6, microwave heating supply channel as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the dielectric loss of described glass metal is measured temperature more than 0.1: 1200 ℃, measure cycle: 2.45GHZ.
7, a kind of glasswork manufacture method of using the microwave heating supply channel: comprise two operations: one is on supply channel, and glass metal is transferred on the limit, the heating process that the microwave that the limit produces by microwave generating apparatus heats glass metal; Another is a molding procedure of glass metal being made glasswork.
8, glasswork manufacture method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, temperature of glass liquid is monitored automatically, the monitor data immediate feedback or the microwave generating apparatus of just feeding, microwave generating apparatus is made corresponding adjustment according to monitor data to microwave heating time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031414834A CN100354218C (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2003-07-09 | Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031414834A CN100354218C (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2003-07-09 | Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1566001A CN1566001A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| CN100354218C true CN100354218C (en) | 2007-12-12 |
Family
ID=34470931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031414834A Expired - Fee Related CN100354218C (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2003-07-09 | Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100354218C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104150762B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-01-11 | 安徽凤阳赛吉元无机材料有限公司 | Channel molding stirring technique |
| US10479717B1 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2019-11-19 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass foam |
| US10364176B1 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2019-07-30 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass precursor gel and methods to treat with microwave energy |
| US10427970B1 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2019-10-01 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass coatings and methods to deposit same |
| CN109851204A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-07 | 蚌埠中光电科技有限公司 | A kind of microwave heating system for platinum channel in glass substrate manufacturing process |
| CN109987823A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-09 | 蚌埠中光电科技有限公司 | A kind of electronical display glass substrate furnace discharge mouth heating device |
| CN110078368A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 张学新 | A kind of preparation method of sodium calcium white jade material glass tube |
| CN111253047A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏亚太光学有限公司 | All-electric melting platinum-free gold crucible optical glass kiln |
| CN112694242A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-04-23 | 佛山市粤玻实业有限公司 | Small-opening blowing-pressing production process of special-shaped bottle |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01183433A (en) * | 1988-01-18 | 1989-07-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Microwave heating device for producing optical fiber |
| CN2050038U (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1989-12-27 | 广东玻璃厂 | Glass liquid heating feeding track |
| EP1296897A1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2003-04-02 | Sonny Johansson | Method and device for melting glass material |
-
2003
- 2003-07-09 CN CNB031414834A patent/CN100354218C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01183433A (en) * | 1988-01-18 | 1989-07-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Microwave heating device for producing optical fiber |
| CN2050038U (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1989-12-27 | 广东玻璃厂 | Glass liquid heating feeding track |
| EP1296897A1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2003-04-02 | Sonny Johansson | Method and device for melting glass material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1566001A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100354218C (en) | Microwave heating feeding passage and glass products manufacturing method using the feeding passage | |
| US4693740A (en) | Process and device for melting, fining and homogenizing glass | |
| US4110097A (en) | Method for the manufacture of glass | |
| EP0612307B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for melting and refining glass in a furnace using oxygen firing | |
| US4740401A (en) | Forming laminated glass containers from a composite encapsulated gob of molten glass | |
| US2186718A (en) | Feeder for glass furnaces and method of feeding glass | |
| CN104032250B (en) | Hot-dip galvanized steel strip segmentation essence control formula Technology for Heating Processing and alloying furnace thereof | |
| CN102648163A (en) | Glass melting furnace, molten glass manufacturing method, glass product manufacturing device, and glass product manufacturing method | |
| AU8813998A (en) | Glass furnace and installation comprising same | |
| US1680543A (en) | Feeding molten glass | |
| CN208362171U (en) | A kind of energy saving kiln | |
| US3508904A (en) | Glass feeding orifice with multichamber combustion zones | |
| CN204342654U (en) | A kind of production unit of electric heating lamina membranacea | |
| CN103880268A (en) | Glass melting furnace employing microwave combined heating and microwave defoaming | |
| CN101323499A (en) | Flying melting manufacturing method of glass | |
| US4246432A (en) | Method and apparatus for melting frits for inorganic oxidic surface coatings by electric resistance heating | |
| CN104071800A (en) | Process and device for producing sodium silicate | |
| GB1124483A (en) | Improvements relating to the refining of molten glass | |
| CN104843970A (en) | Method for rapidly adjusting viscosity of glass liquid through electric heating material channel | |
| CN2050038U (en) | Glass liquid heating feeding track | |
| US1609999A (en) | Drawing sheet glass | |
| CN202643546U (en) | Wire belt pre-heating device applied to outlet of glass forming die | |
| US4803698A (en) | Electrically heated forehearth | |
| CN201704185U (en) | Full electric melting furnace equipment for producing pyrex electric light source glass material | |
| US5634958A (en) | Method and apparatus for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20071212 Termination date: 20140709 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |