CN100352960C - Refining method of chromium containing fused metal - Google Patents
Refining method of chromium containing fused metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN100352960C CN100352960C CNB200310102803XA CN200310102803A CN100352960C CN 100352960 C CN100352960 C CN 100352960C CN B200310102803X A CNB200310102803X A CN B200310102803XA CN 200310102803 A CN200310102803 A CN 200310102803A CN 100352960 C CN100352960 C CN 100352960C
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 417
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 106
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 vacuum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 N**(C1)[C@]1*=I Chemical compound N**(C1)[C@]1*=I 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
To provide a method for melting, decarburizing and temperature-raising molten metal containing chromium in an electric furnace while restraining oxidized loss of the chromium and iron in the molten metal, when carbon-containing iron source of molten iron, DRI, HBI, etc., are blended as the main raw material. The method for melting molten metal containing chromium in the electric furnace is performed, with which after charging the raw material such as scrap, ferro-alloy containing no chromium and carbon-containing iron source into the electric furnace, heating, melting and temperature-raising are performed by an electric energy and, the carbon in the molten metal is oxidized and removed, and after the molten metal temperature and carbon concentration become prescribed ones, the above raw material is melted by the electric energy while chromium containing ferro-alloy is continuously fed. (C)2004,JPO.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of refining that contains the chromium molten metal with manufacturings such as electric furnaces.
Background technology
Contain a large amount of chromium in the chrome-bearing steel, particularly stainless steel.Chromium in this molten metal is high-valency metal, if therefore refining temperature is low, chromium is easier to be more oxidized than iron, becomes loss in refining procedure, causes great financial loss.
Make stainless technology and generally adopt electric furnace process.This method be by electric energy with metallic scrap and alloy iron heat, the technology of fusion and intensification, the austenite stainless steel that particularly contains chromium nickel nearly all is by this method its thick molten metal to be founded.When making stainless steel with electric furnace because the tap density of raw material scrap metal, alloy iron is little, therefore will be at twice or three times with in its electric furnace of packing into, with electric energy in turn with its fusion.Also to continue fully energising after the fusion, molten metal is heated up, discharge molten metal after reaching preset temperature.The molten metal of discharging is after carrying out deslagging, carry out Decarburising and refining with the refining furnace that is called AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) or VOD (VacuumOxygen Decarburization), carry out again after the composition adjustment work in-process such as being cast as with continuous casting machine.
On the other hand, in the furnace operation of ordinary steel, in order to promote the fusion of metallic scrap, from the furnace wall or the outlet of slag notch be blown into oxygen by nozzle, utilize because the heat that produces when the cutting of metallic scrap, burning is implemented fusion.This is on the books in " progress of stove system steel method recently " (Japanese iron and steel institute, in October, 1993 distribution, P51～67).After the metallic scrap fusion, continue energising heating on one side, be blown into oxygen from said nozzle on one side, make the carbon burning in the molten metal, the CO gas by oxygen spray and generation stirs molten metal, carries out so-called decarburization, rises the heat operation.Molten metal is discharged after reaching predetermined carbon concentration and temperature, carries out composition adjustment etc. with LF 2 a refining units such as (Ladle Furnace).
Generally speaking, the molten metal whipping force of electric furnace is little, and required time of molten metal uniform mixing is long.Reason is that just the mode by electrifying electrodes stirs molten metal.Even import bottom blowing or top-blown gas, since shape, the depth as shallow of molten metal, and the surface area of molten metal is big, so the efficient extreme difference of stirring molten metal.
When founding stainless steel, as mentioned above, contain chromium in metallic scrap, the alloy, oxidized in order to prevent this chromium, identical with the furnace operation of ordinary steel, avoid the way that in molten metal, is blown into oxygen and carries out the molten metal decarburization usually.No matter tentatively for any purpose, be blown into oxygen in the stainless steel molten metal, then the chromium amount of oxidation increases, and need reclaim the chromium of high price with silicon alloy etc. with this chromium reduction when discharging.Therefore, in stainless furnace operation, can not be blown into oxygen by the molten metal in electric furnace usually, and molten metal be carried out the operation of initiatively decarburization (actively decarburization).The decarburization of molten metal by being called 2 a refining units such as AOD, VOD, utilizes the feasible oxidized method of chromium that does not make as far as possible in the molten metal such as vacuum, inert gas dilution, strong mixing.
When founding stainless steel, serve as that the main raw material that carries out cooperates with the stainless steel waste materials such as stainless steel waste material of buying the stainless steel waste material and in factory, reclaiming with electric furnace.Ideally, preferred all raw materials all are made up of the stainless steel waste material, but can't obtain the stainless steel waste material fully from the city.Obtainable stainless steel waste material amount is different different because of the position at this factory place, and proportioning is about 20～60 quality %.Therefore, the alloy iron that cooperates ordinary steel and chromium nickel respectively substitutes as stainless as remaining cooperation raw material.In the alloy of this chromium nickel, contain a large amount of carbon.For example, in the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy iron, contain the carbon of 6～8 quality %, contain the carbon of 2～3 quality % in the high-carbon Rhometal iron.The result who cooperates these materials, average carbon amount is generally about 1～2 quality % in all raw materials, mostly is 2.5 quality % most.
As the impurity in the molten metal, these materials must be removed, as mentioned above,,, also be difficult under the situation that does not make the chromium oxidational losses, carry out effectively decarburization even be blown into oxygen with the weak electric furnace of whipping force.Therefore, can use 2 refining furnaces of AOD, VOD and so on, make the oxygen dilution, utilize vacuum, thereby or molten metal is carried out strong mixing can carry out decarburization effectively with rare gas element.But when with 2 refining furnaces the carbon containing molten metal being carried out decarburization, refining time is determined by its oxygen supply speed.For example, under the AOD situation, owing under atmosphere, carry out refining, therefore by the BOTTOM OXYGEN flow is increased, the top blast nozzle is set perhaps, is blown in the molten metal with high oxygen flow, even carbon concentration is 2～2.5 quality % in the above-mentioned molten metal, also can reach refining.On the other hand, under the VOD situation, because oxygen blast under vacuum, the big oxygen rate request vacuum exhaust ability of sending strengthens, the increase of splashing in addition, and it is difficult that processing eases such as ingot metal become.Therefore, compare with AOD, be subjected to limiting significantly with the manipulable oxygen flow of the equipment of VOD, therefore, carbon concentration is limited in 0.2～0.3 quality % scope in the molten metal when handling beginning, and exceptionally, it also can be limited in 0.7 quality %.Like this, if carbon concentration is too high in the molten metal of discharging from electric furnace, treatment time significant prolongation then, productivity reduces, and 2 refining cost ups, situation worst are that its technology can not realize.Therefore, consider the purified decarburization capacity 2 times, the final carbon concentration in the time of must the brownout stove.
Because the discharge carbon concentration with this electric furnace has restriction, need in being matched with the raw material of electric furnace, have the molten iron of use, pig, DRI (direct-reduced iron), HBI carbon containing sources of iron such as (hot wafering iron).For example, in having the system iron institute of blast furnace, can obtain molten iron, pig more cheaply.Again, be main place in Sweet natural gas, oil, coal equal energy source resource, can prepare DRI, HBI etc. with the direct-reduction process of iron ore more directly.On the other hand, the underdeveloped region of industry is consumed the history of iron and steel in a large number and is lacked at home, and the generation of metallic scrap is few, must be from the region import of residual metallic waste material is abroad arranged.In this case, compare the metallic scrap price is rather stiff with metallic scrap with producing in a large number.Therefore in the region that has, use source of iron such as molten iron, pig, DRI, HBI etc. as electric furnace, metallic scrap is favourable economically than using.
In the electric furnace of ordinary steel, as mentioned above, consider that from technical elements oxygen is operable, this carbon containing source of iron is imported energetically, the advantage that can enjoy economically to be had (for example, commemorating lecture " nearest furnace operation development of technology ", Japanese iron and steel institute, in September, 1986 distribution, P55～60 and P246～273) with reference to the 114th, 115 Western Hills.On the other hand, wish actively carbon containing sources of iron such as molten iron, pig, DRI, HBI to be used for the stainless steel manufacturing of electric furnace.But, as mentioned above, use the carbon containing source of iron that the carbon concentration that cooperates in the raw material is increased, consider from technical elements, in the electric furnace that stainless steel is founded, can't use oxygen, under this present situation, carbon concentration increases in the electric furnace discharge molten metal, has surpassed the carbon concentration boundary that oxygen decarburization allowed with 2 refining furnaces.
Found with in the electric furnace at present stainless steel, still can not effectively utilize the technology of this carbon containing source of iron, therefore strong hope can address this problem.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of working method, this method is using electric furnace to containing during the chromium molten metal founds headed by the stainless steel, owing to actively utilize carbon containing sources of iron such as molten iron, pig, DRI, HBI, use oxygen to become possibility technically, and make the alloy iron fusion that contains chromium with suitable proportion, and the oxidational losses minimum of chromium in the molten metal.
Its main points are as described below.
1, a kind of melting method that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and ingot metal class (the Japanese original text is: the ground gold) one of or both and carbon containing source of iron pack in the refining vessel, heat with electric energy, fused simultaneously, being blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas removes the oxidation of coal in the molten metal, when reaching predetermined temperature, behind the carbon concentration, stop to be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron then continuously or off and on and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both, carry out fusion by electric energy.
2, according to 1 melting method of putting down in writing that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron pack in the refining vessel, at first only by electric energy heat, fusion, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas then, the oxidation of coal in the molten metal is removed.
3, according to 1 or 2 melting methods of putting down in writing that contain the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron continuously or off and on and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both, when carrying out fusion by electric energy, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
4, according to 3 melting methods of putting down in writing that contain the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with chrome-bearing alloy iron and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both drop into continuously or off and on stop after, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
5, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in 1～4, it is characterized in that: in refining vessel, molten metal is stirred by bottom blown gas, top blast jet flow stream, at least a of electromagnetic induction whipping appts.
6, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in 1～5, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron when packing refining vessel into, pack into except chrome-bearing alloy iron alloy iron and among ingot metal class and the metallic scrap one or both and as the cold iron source of carbon containing source of iron, or the space of the molten iron that after packing into, is provided for packing into, the carbon containing sources of iron such as molten iron of packing into.
7, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in 1～6, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron when packing refining vessel into, with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and pack into as the cold iron source of carbon containing source of iron after, before carbon containing sources of iron such as molten iron are packed into, this cold iron source is carried out preheating.
8, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in 1～7, it is characterized in that: to the refining vessel supply of electrical energy time, with respect to the 1 formula power supply that contains electrode, in per 1 thermal treatment to two refining vessel alternate energisations.
9, a kind of melting method that contains the chromium molten metal is characterized in that: molten metal that the melting method of any one record obtains in the claim 1～8 and slag are discharged in the containers such as hot metal ladle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a)～(e) is in the use eaf process of the present invention, the synoptic diagram of molten iron using method.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of furnace operation pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a)～(e) is for passing through in the use eaf process of previous methods the synoptic diagram of molten iron using method.
Fig. 4 contains the equilibrium relationship of chromium concn, carbon concentration, molten metal temperature in the chromium molten metal for expression.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail by accompanying drawing.
The concept map that contains chromium molten metal melting method in the electric furnace of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.The main raw material 3 (cold iron source) that at first will cooperate in advance before fusion is packed in the electric furnace 1 as refining vessel.Main raw material comprise as metallic scrap buy and in reclaim stainless steel waste material, ordinary steel waste material and as chrome-bearing alloy iron class etc. not such as the Ni ingot metal of the alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron, ingot metal class and Ni alloy iron.In addition, can use the cold iron source as the carbon containing source of iron such as DRI or HBI.Usually also auxiliary materials such as unslaked lime, rhombspar, fluorite are packed in the stove again.
Packing into provides electric energy after finishing, and uses electrode 4 to descend and the method for energising usually.After the energising beginning, will the electric furnaces of packing into such as molten iron as the carbon containing source of iron in.In the loading procedure of molten iron, continue energising, thus the fusion of the interior metallic scrap of promotion stove etc.
Charging method as molten iron etc., the deslagging that is arranged at the outlet orifice offside is opened with the molten iron in the hole door 14 of packing into, molten iron load plate 7 is fixing, molten iron pot 5 conveyances of chassis 6 pack into to the molten iron load plate with placing molten iron, inclination molten iron pot, molten iron in the pot is flow on the molten iron load plate, thereby be encased in the electric furnace.Again,, stop energising in addition, bell is opened, the method for molten iron being packed into from the top of electric furnace, the method that imports from the plate of outlet orifice side etc. with the molten iron pot is tilted except this method.In these methods, can adopt type for electric furnace, shape, with other equipment various device, the optimal method of operational condition such as be fit to, the present invention can use any one in these methods.
Subsequently, molten iron pack into stop after, continue energising fusion continuously, remove for the fusion that promotes metallic scrap in the stove, ingot metal, alloy iron and with carbon in the molten iron, carry out oxygen blast with oxygen or oxygen-containing gas.The oxygen here is meant pure oxygen, and oxygen-containing gas is with Ar, N in addition
2Deng rare gas element or CO
2Deng gas alone or in combination and with the gas of oxygen mix.When using the mixed gas of rare gas element etc. and oxygen, although which kind of method decarburization required time lengthening because oxygen partial pressure reduces the effect that oxygen efficiency with the decarburization of making improves, so uses suitably to select.
After the cold iron source fusion in the stove stops substantially, continue energising and oxygen decarburization, reach preset value until temperature of melt metal and carbon concentration.Here said preset value, be to be basis according to aftermentioned Fig. 4, temperature of melt metal is set on the degree that does not cause melting losses such as refractory body, again, the carbon concentration of molten metal can suitably be set in not causing the oxidized scope of chromium, and not specially provided for, be that about 0.4～1.6 quality %, molten metal temperature are 1500～1600 ℃ of enforcements down at the molten metal carbon concentration usually.
After molten metal 11 in the stove reaches above-mentioned predetermined carbon concentration, temperature, stop oxygen blast, from the stove elevating hopper respectively with chrome-bearing alloy iron (being called the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy later on), contain the chromium metal powder separately or both (can mix) together continuously and drop into.Continue energising, the feed speed of electric power is further risen, the input speed of adjusting the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy is so that temperature of melt metal can keep above-mentioned predetermined temperature substantially.For the making time that makes the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy shortens, input speed is speeded, if but drop into excessive velocities, then a high carbon ferro-chrome alloy part of Tou Ruing does not have fusion just to accumulate in the stove, drop into the place that also need continue fusion after stopping or be present in melting efficiency difference in the stove, consequently the fusion time prolongs sometimes, therefore considers this point, the preferred suitable input speed of setting.
Again, can't drop into continuously with throwing device sometimes, then must intermittently drop in this case.Thereby use the least possible method that number of times increases that drops into that makes of 1 input amount of chrome-bearing alloy iron, supply with the balance of the fusion speed of generation with input speed and the electric power that keeps chrome-bearing alloy iron.The little then fusion time of the size of chrome-bearing alloy iron shortens, and is therefore preferred, if but too small, then when fragmentation became small proportion excessively with the chrome-bearing alloy Tie Tong, Pulverization ratio increased, and its agglomerateization is needed expense, needed unnecessary cost.Therefore, consider total cost, preferred chrome-bearing alloy iron has the optimum size size.Again, preferably, consider the equipment of chrome-bearing alloy throwing device on the degree, stove of refractory body, water wall etc. in the power supply capacity (capacity) of shape in the electric furnace or supply capability and the stove etc., set input method, the speed of the chrome-bearing alloy of each electric furnace the best.
Method involved in the present invention according to above record, at first will remove the cold iron source fusion of chrome-bearing alloy iron, under the low state of chromium concn, carry out oxygen decarburization, only the fusion of chrome-bearing alloy iron, liter is warm then with electric energy, when using the carbon containing source of iron to found in the raw material, produced the effect that can significantly suppress the chromium oxidation to containing the chromium molten metal.
Theoretic investigation is carried out in above-mentioned effect.Fig. 4 is the equilibrium relationship figure of chromium concn, carbon concentration and molten metal temperature in the molten metal.Chromium in the molten steel of stainless steel, its temperature is high more, and carbon concentration is high more, is difficult for oxidizedly, and again, chromium concn is high more, is easy to oxidized more.That is, it is oxidized that the upper right field of accompanying drawing curve means that chromium is difficult to, and the field, lower-left means that chromium is oxidized easily.Therefore, during fusion chromium, implement to become the key that suppresses the chromium oxidation in the upper right field of curve as far as possible.Especially, when the carbon in the oxidation removal molten metal, preferably under the low state of chromium concn, carry out as far as possible.
Again, this figure represents equilibrium state, is necessary to consider from the rate theory aspect.With converter, AOD etc. relatively, even electric furnace in refining furnace, the whipping force of molten metal is also very poor in the stove.Converter, AOD etc. be with the strong mixing to molten metal that stove shape and top blowing oxygen and bottom blown gas produce, and makes that molten component and temperature are bordering on uniform state in the refining.But, because electric furnace molten metal depth as shallow is the shape of so-called vehicle, or does not have bottom blowing and stir gas, or flow is minimum, so a little less than the stirring of molten metal, molten metals and temperature can not be said so uniformly in the refining.Therefore, on Fig. 4 state diagram, be difficult to oxidized field even all be in chromium, as partial molten metals as molten metal integral body composition, temperature, because chromium concn height or carbon concentration are low, in fact exist composition, temperature and be on the balance chromium oxidized zone easily.
Can see from above theoretic investigation, in order in electric furnace, to use the carbon containing source of iron, when suppressing the chromium oxidation, implement to contain founding of chromium molten metal, not as carrying out with method in the past, with whole raw materials melt, carry out oxygen decarburization under the state that chromium concn is high in molten metal, and as the present invention, with the cold iron source fusion beyond the chrome-bearing alloy iron, under the low state of chromium concn, carry out oxygen decarburization, then only with electric energy with chrome-bearing alloy iron in high temperature, fusion in the high carbon concentration molten metal, heat up, this method is very reasonable, thereby has finished the present invention.
Below cold iron source such as the alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron that just will pack at the initial stage and molten iron other examples when switching on fusion and oxygen decarburization describe.
When cold iron sources such as the alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron that will pack at the initial stage and molten iron are switched on fusion and oxygen decarburization, if under the molten iron coexisting state of the cold iron source of solid phase and liquid phase, carry out oxygen blast, then cause the oxidation under the low-temperature condition sometimes, be easy to generate the oxidation of iron and the oxidation of chromium.Therefore, preferably, under both admixtures, when temperature is low relatively, only carry out fusion, when the liquid phase ratio is brought up to certain degree, carry out oxygen decarburization with electric energy.Here to the ratio and the not specially provided for of temperature and above-mentioned liquid phase under both admixtures, can suitably set.
Below on one side dropping into chrome-bearing alloy iron or contain any one or two kinds of chromium metal powder, on one side oxygen or blowing of oxygen-containing gas with the electric energy fusion time describe.
With chrome-bearing alloy iron or contain the chromium metal powder and from stove, drop into continuously, when keeping molten metal temperature, carry out being blown into of oxygen or oxygen-containing gas by on one side, find temperature is kept and promotes the even fusion of high carbon ferro-chrome alloy to have very big effect with electric energy.Here said oxygen is meant pure oxygen, and oxygen-containing gas is meant Ar, N
2Deng rare gas element or CO
2Deng gas alone or in combination and with the gas of oxygen mix.
But, because oxygen will promote the oxidation of chromium for a long time, therefore make its dilution carry out oxygen blast by the reduction oxygen flow or with rare gas element etc., can make the oxidation of chromium reach inferior limit, and can keep the even fusion of temperature and high carbon ferro-chrome alloy.And then can also carry out the carbon in the molten metal or the oxidation removal of silicon.When using the mixed gas of rare gas element etc. and oxygen, although decarburization or desiliconization required time prolong,, therefore have the effect that the oxygen efficiency of the decarburization of making improves because oxygen partial pressure reduces, therefore can suitably select for which kind of method of use.In the method, the best oxygen flow and the dilution ratio of rare gas element etc. need to decide by operational experience because of the difference of each electric furnace is different.
Below on one side dropping into chrome-bearing alloy iron or contain any one or two kinds of chromium metal powder, on one side oxygen with the electric energy fusion time or other forms that blow of oxygen-containing gas describe.
That is, under the state of supply of electrical energy, finish drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron or contain any one or two kinds of chromium metal powder after, carry out being blown into of oxygen or oxygen-containing gas.
After inputs such as high carbon ferro-chrome alloy, fusion stopped, carbon, silicon rose in the molten metal.These are the compositions that contain in the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy, owing to do not use oxygen, therefore just intactly transfer in the molten metal in the fusion.Then, by being blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, carry out the oxidation removal of carbon or silicon.Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas are blown into the molten metal from oxygen blast.Because wherein silicon is easier to be more oxidized than the chromium in the molten metal, so the oxidational losses of chromium is minimum in the desiliconization.
Preferably, the silicon in the molten metal also not all is removed, the silicon in molten metal about residual about 0.4 quality %, thus stop oxygen blast, when reason was for example in the operation of back molten metal to be mixed with slag, silicon can be gone back ortho-chromic acid.
Again, when being blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, can stop energising, if proceed then molten metal temperature can be warmed up to about about 1500～1600 ℃ rapidly.
As mentioned above, because the deficiency in the shape of electric furnace and the source of stirring, the whipping force of molten metal is very weak.Therefore, in the energising behind pack into cold iron source and molten iron, the oxygen blast, may there be chromic oxide, ferric oxide to generate.When the fusion that drops into Chrome metal powder iron etc. continuously or intermittently, possibly can't realize fusion rapidly equably.
Therefore, in order to give the whipping force of molten metal, the method that adopts is to blow rare gas elementes such as argon, nitrogen from bottom blowing mouth or courtyard portion or the dipping spray nozzle etc. that leads to molten metal from sidewall in molten metal, at the furnace bottom near side (ns) electromagnetic induction whipping appts is set, molten metal is stirred with electromagnetic force.
Like this, when the energising behind pack into cold iron source and molten iron, oxygen blast, can promote fusion, the intensification of molten metal, the decarburization of cold iron source.When the fusion of chrome-bearing alloy iron etc., can promote fusion, the intensification of molten metal, decarburization, the desiliconization of chrome-bearing alloy iron etc. again.
When packing cold iron source, molten iron into, molten iron enters in the stove easily, and is therefore preferred in operation.For example, if in sidewall design pack into the furnace inner space filler metal waste material of a near side (ns) of molten iron is arranged, the molten iron of packing into may successfully not slip in the stove from the molten iron plate, and leaks into outside the stove, therefore, the speed of packing into is extremely reduced, and carries out long molten iron and packs into.Pack into when molten iron and stop and when being blown into oxygen in stove, if there is metallic scrap oxygen nozzle front, then the direct contacting metal waste material of oxygen causes that easily the ferrous components in the metallic scrap is oxidized, or the chromium in the stainless steel grinding dust is excessively oxidized again.
Therefore, when in the stove that cold iron source that molten iron is packed into drops into, preferred slot milling.As concrete implementation method, can implement by following way: for example, after metallic scrap is packed into, use the place compression that molten iron is packed into, slot milling, or when packing metallic scrap in advance with slot millings such as barrier plates.Again, when when electric furnace top side packs molten iron into, use electrifying electrodes, perforate in metallic scrap is injected molten iron wherein.
Below the pre-heating mean before the fusion cold iron source is described.After the cold iron source preheating, drop into molten iron etc., by carrying out fusion, oxygen blast, cause the fusion of cold iron source easily, because saves energy is had contribution, therefore preferred.
The metallic scrap of packing into is in advance carried out preheating generally in electric furnace, carry out, but very not general in stainless electric furnace is made.Reason is, the average chromium concn height of the metallic scrap of packing in advance, alloy iron, and the chromium oxidational losses is big, thereby has offset the advantage of electric energy saving.
But in the present invention, because the cold iron source of packing in advance is stainless steel waste material and ordinary steel waste material, the alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron, ingot metal class and the cold iron sources such as carbon containing source of iron of removing molten iron, so their average chromium concn is low.Therefore, oxidized chromium loss is little, can enjoy the advantage of electric energy saving.
The pre-heating mean of cold iron sources such as metallic scrap can be implemented in the same manner with common metallic scrap preheating, or utilize and to be thermal source, or utilize the thermal source that obtains by the fuel that will make up more than any one of liquid, solid, geseous fuel from other electric furnace expellant gas.
Again, as the method for utilizing outside the preheating, after it is included in cold iron source and molten iron is packed into, with electric energy heat, fusion, when carrying out decarburization, intensification with oxygen-containing gas, thereby in stove, make fuel combustions such as LNG, LPG, heavy oil, light oil promote heating, fusion, intensification, aspect the productivity raising, produce very big effect.
Again, compare with the 1 formula power supply that contains electrode, by per 1 thermal treatment alternately to 2 electric furnaces energisings heat, fusion, intensification etc., can in electric furnace, produce effectively.
As concrete example, at first, in a stove, after molten iron is packed into, begin to be performed until energising fusion the dropping into continuously or intermittently of chrome-bearing alloy iron after decarburization ends from energising, oxygen decarburization, the adjustment desiliconization after carrying out stopping from chrome-bearing alloy iron input, fusion in another electric furnace begins to be performed until that molten metal discharge, deslagging, stove are repaired, pack into the cold iron source and the molten iron of packing into.Repeat this operation mutually, supply of electrical energy is realized productive raising effectively.
The adjustment of molten iron and desiliconization of packing into needn't be carried out in energising, can select the matched method of equipment, operational condition with each electric furnace.
Again, as mentioned above, preferably, silicon in the molten metal of founding with method of the present invention also not all is removed, silicon in molten metal about residual about 0.4 quality %, thus oxygen blast finished, and reason is for example when the electric furnace from the back operation is discharged to the hot metal ladle, when energetically molten metal being mixed with slag, the silicon of molten metal can reduce the chromic acid in the slag.Here, as described below as making molten metal and slag blended method.
That is, desiliconization, heat up to stop, stop oxygen blast, energising after reaching target temperature and composition, electric furnace is tilted, the molten metal in the stove is discharged in the hot metal ladle with slag.Slag in the discharge in the stove is discharged in pot simultaneously, in pot molten metal and slag is carried out strong mixing, and the silicon in the molten metal reduces the chromic acid in the slag.Like this, in the concentration minimizing, chromium concn rises the chromic acid that produces in fusion in the molten metal in slag.Chromium concn reduction in the slag in the hot metal ladle, then the fusing point of slag reduces, the mobile raising, the slag deslagging operation of carrying out subsequently becomes easy, and a slag residual in the pot also reduces significantly.Behind the slag deslagging, with this thick molten metal pack into the back operation AOD in.
Embodiment
With Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 embodiments of the invention are described.Fig. 1 is for containing the concept map of chromium molten metal melting method in the electric furnace, Fig. 2 is for founding the operation pattern as general stainless 18%Cr-8%Ni steel with electric furnace process of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1 (a), the main raw material 3 (cold iron source) that at first will calculate use level before the fusion is in advance packed into metallic scrap hopper 2 in the electric furnace 1.Main raw material is divided into: buy and in stainless steel waste material, ordinary steel waste material, Ni ingot metal and Ni alloy iron etc. do not contain the alloy iron class of chromium.As shown in Figure 2, the main raw material 3 (cold iron source) of packing into here is about 30% for not enough all main raw materials, even consider tap density, can fully pack in the stove with 1 hopper.In addition, in auxiliary materials such as unslaked lime, rhombspar, fluorite are also packed stove into from hopper 10.
Pack into after the termination, shown in Fig. 1 (b), bell 13 is covered, electrode 4 is descended, begin energising.After the energising beginning, the deslagging that is arranged at the discharge port offside is opened with the molten iron in the hole door 14 of packing into, fixedly the molten iron load plate 7, molten iron pot 5 conveyances on the chassis 6 pack into to the molten iron load plate with being loaded into molten iron, limit inclination pivoting rail kettle limit flows on the molten iron load plate molten iron in the pot, thereby is encased in the electric furnace.In packing into, still continues molten iron energising, the fusion of the interior metallic scrap of promotion stove etc.
The concrete cooperation example of raw material, average assay, medial temperature, electric power, oxygen blast pattern etc. are as shown in Figure 2.It is stainless steel waste material 10 quality %, plain metal waste material 2.7 quality %, molten iron 45 quality %, Ni ingot metal 5.2 quality %, Ni alloy iron 8.3 quality %, chrome-bearing alloy iron 28.7 quality % that raw material cooperates.Average chromium concn when the initial stage will be except the cold iron source the chrome-bearing alloy iron and molten iron fusion, oxygen decarburization in the molten metal is about 2.7 quality %.Then, shown in Fig. 1 (c), will be somebody's turn to do source of iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron switch on fusion on one side, oxygen decarburization is carried out on one side, and making molten metal temperature is 1550 ℃, and carbon concentration is about 1 quality %.Because the molten metal to low chromium concn carries out oxygen decarburization, so the oxidational losses of chromium is very little in the molten metal.Then, shown in Fig. 1 (d), the high carbon ferro-chrome alloy is dropped into continuously, switch on, make molten metal temperature remain on 1550 ℃ with high electric power with stove elevating hopper 10.Then, shown in Fig. 1 (e), drop into and fusion, in order when reducing electric power, to reduce the silicon concentration in the molten metal, implement oxygen blast from the molten iron door nozzle 9 of packing into of packing into finishing in about 20 minutes.The molten metal silicon concentration stops oxygen blast when being about 0.4 quality %, molten metal temperature stops energising when being 1600 ℃.The molten metal carbon concentration is about 2.7 quality %.The rotation electric furnace that directly tilts is discharged to hot metal ladle with molten metal, and molten metal carries out deslagging after discharging and stopping, and molten metal is packed among the AOD of subsequent processing.Can found the molten metal of 18%Cr-8%Ni with this method.
On the other hand, as a comparative example, Fig. 3 represents to use the molten iron using method of eaf process in the past.Shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b), (c), technology was that the whole metallic scraps, the alloy iron that comprise chrome-bearing alloy iron are packed in the early stage in the past.Then, identical with Fig. 1 molten iron is packed in the stove.Then, shown in Fig. 3 (d), only carry out fusion, when basic fusion, the carbon in the molten metal, silicon oxidation are removed with oxygen blast with electric energy.General stainless cooperation chromium concn is about 18 quality %, and the mean concns of chromium in molten metal when therefore method was carried out oxygen decarburization in the past with this is owing to the whole fusions of raw material, be about 18 quality %.After decarburization, the intensification, when reaching 1600 ℃ of predetermined temperature, during carbon concentration 2.7 quality %, because oxidized chromium is present in the slag with the form of chromic acid, therefore for its reduction, shown in Fig. 3 (e), drop into ferrosilicon 17 and be used for reducing the chromic acid of slag, molten metal is discharged in the reduction of enforcement chromium.
Its result, the chromium concn of founding molten steel that obtains is about 18 quality %.But, compare with method of the present invention, increased unnecessary chromic acid and reduced, and must carry out the input and the restoring operation of ferrosilicon with ferrosilicon and unslaked lime.That is, thereby because ferrosilicon and unslaked lime usage quantity increase cost is increased, and operation increases and make electric furnace melting time prolongation etc., compare with method of the present invention, it is totally unfavorable aspect cost and productivity.
As mentioned above, the present invention established a kind of its with electric furnace to containing during the chromium molten metal founds, use the carbon containing source of iron as main raw material, make that the oxidational losses of chromium reaches bottom line in the molten metal, do not make the decarburization melting method of the refining time significant prolongation in the back operation such as AOD.As described below according to its equipment that makes, operational effect.
The 1st, because the chromium oxidational losses that decarburization produces can significantly reduce, therefore can reduce the usage quantity that is used for chromic acid reductive ferrosilicon, and reduce the basicity adjustment of accompanying therewith and use rhombspar with fluorite and refractory body protection with unslaked lime, scorification.Again, generate the slag amount in the stove, therefore can prolong the refractory body life-span and cut down the refractory body cost owing to can reduce.
The 2nd, owing to dropped into Chrome metal powder iron etc., it contains silicon, so silicon concentration height in molten metal during discharging, even do not use the reduction ferrosilicon, by in the discharging process in hot metal ladle stirring slag and molten steel, the chromic acid in the slag is melted the Si reduction in the metal.Therefore, the consumption that can be used in the ferrosilicon of going back ortho-chromic acid is 0, and the basicity adjustment of accompanying therewith can be cut down with rhombspar with fluorite and refractory body protection significantly with unslaked lime, scorification.Again, reduce owing to generate the slag amount in the stove, so the prolongation of refractory body life-span, the refractory body cost can be reduced.
The 3rd, can omit the chromic acid that carries out with ferrosilicon before the discharging and reduce, the electric furnace refining time is shortened, productivity improves, and consumes electric power and reduces, minimizing bottom blown gas amount.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of melting method that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron pack in the refining vessel, with electric energy heat, fused simultaneously, being blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas removes the oxidation of coal in the molten metal, after reaching predetermined temperature, carbon concentration, stop to be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron then continuously or off and on or contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both, carry out fusion by electric energy.
2, the melting method of putting down in writing according to claim 1 that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron pack in the refining vessel, at first only by electric energy heat, fusion, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas then, the oxidation of coal in the molten metal is removed.
3, the melting method of putting down in writing according to claim 1 that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron continuously or off and on and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both, when carrying out fusion by electric energy, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
4, the melting method of putting down in writing according to claim 2 that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: drop into chrome-bearing alloy iron continuously or off and on and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both, when carrying out fusion by electric energy, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
5, the melting method of putting down in writing according to claim 3 that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with chrome-bearing alloy iron and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both drop into continuously or off and on stop after, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
6, the melting method of putting down in writing according to claim 4 that contains the chromium molten metal, it is characterized in that: with chrome-bearing alloy iron and contain among the chromium metal powder one of or both drop into continuously or off and on stop after, be blown into oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, the carbon in the molten metal or carbon and silicon are removed.
7, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: in refining vessel, molten metal is stirred by bottom blown gas, top blast jet flow stream, at least a of electromagnetic induction whipping appts.
8, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron when packing refining vessel into, in pack into except chrome-bearing alloy iron alloy iron and among ingot metal class and the metallic scrap one or both and as the cold iron source of carbon containing source of iron the time, or after packing into, pack into as the molten iron of carbon containing source of iron in be provided for packing into the space of molten iron.
9, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and carbon containing source of iron when packing refining vessel into, with among metallic scrap, alloy iron except chrome-bearing alloy iron and the ingot metal class one of or both and pack into as the cold iron source of carbon containing source of iron after, before will packing into, this cold iron source is carried out preheating as the molten iron of carbon containing source of iron.
10, according to the melting method that contains the chromium molten metal of any one record in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: to the refining vessel supply of electrical energy time, for the 1 formula power supply that contains electrode, in per 1 thermal treatment to two refining vessel alternate energisations.
11, a kind of melting method that contains the chromium molten metal is characterized in that: molten metal that the melting method of any one record obtains in the claim 1～10 and slag are discharged in the hot metal ladle as container.
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| KR101828702B1 (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-02-12 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Operating method for electric arc furnace |
| KR101818372B1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-01-12 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Operating method for electric arc furnace |
| CN107311182A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-03 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of device and method thereof of industrial silicon melt external refining purification |
| JP7028365B2 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-03-02 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Method for manufacturing chromium-containing molten iron |
| US20220195546A1 (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2022-06-23 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method for producing chromium-containing molten iron |
| CN110819880B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-22 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Pretreatment process and application of chromium-containing low-nickel molten iron for production of 200-series stainless steel |
| CN115011860A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-09-06 | 徐州宏阳新材料科技股份有限公司 | Refining method of high-carbon ferrochrome |
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| JPH08104914A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-04-23 | Nippon Steel Corp | Highly efficient production of high purity molten stainless steel |
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Address after: Tokyo, Japan Patentee after: NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL Corp. Address before: Tokyo, Japan Patentee before: NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL Corp. |
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