CN100347139C - Polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class, and application as economization agent for concrete - Google Patents

Polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class, and application as economization agent for concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100347139C
CN100347139C CNB2006100212068A CN200610021206A CN100347139C CN 100347139 C CN100347139 C CN 100347139C CN B2006100212068 A CNB2006100212068 A CN B2006100212068A CN 200610021206 A CN200610021206 A CN 200610021206A CN 100347139 C CN100347139 C CN 100347139C
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concrete
economization agent
shrinkage
fatty alcohol
agent
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CN1872772A (en
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王勇威
蒲心诚
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B24/32—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C04B24/085—Higher fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/56—Opacifiers
    • C04B2103/58—Shrinkage reducing agents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether type polymer with high molecular weight, which has a structural formula: R-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-X, wherein R comprises alkyl groups from C12 to C18, n=15 to 16, and X is-CH2CH2OH or-CH2CH3. The polymer with high molecular weight is an ideal concrete reducing agent of which the mixed amount is 0.05 to 1.2% of weight of a cementing material in concrete, the present invention can greatly reduce the drying shrinkage and autogenous shrinkage of the concrete, mortar, cement net paste and particularly concrete with a low water-gel ratio and a high strength grade, and the cost is lower. The drying shrinkage can be reduced by 701*10<-6> to 875*10<-6> when the mixed amount of concrete of which the water-gel ratio is 0.18 is equal to 1% during the age period from 3 days to 6 months, and the shrinkage reaches to 47.8 to 67.3%; the autogenous shrinkage is reduced by 256*10<-6> to 278*10<-6>, and the shrinkage reaches to 35.6 to 54.4%.

Description

Polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class and as the application of economization agent for concrete
Technical field
The invention belongs to the economization agent for concrete field, particularly a kind of economization agent for concrete that can reduce high strength, the concrete dry shrinkage of low water binder ratio and spontaneous contraction.
Background technology
Concrete is to use one of the most extensive, that consumption is maximum material of construction in the civil engineering work.Development along with concrete technology, and the new requirement that brings of the continuous expansion in human being's production and life activity field, concrete develops to high strength, high-performance direction, the maximum intensity grade of China's High Strength Concrete Structures design discipline has reached C80 at present, and the maximum intensity grade then is respectively C105 and C115 in the The Concrete Structure Design standard of Norway and Germany.It is exactly that tensile strength is low that but there is a very big shortcoming in concrete, under dry environment, concrete shrinkage is easy to cause cracking or defective such as crackle occurs, especially for high-strength and super high strength concrete, dry shrinkage is generally bigger, even and if under wet environment, the spontaneous contraction of its inside also may cause its cracking.The appearance of these cracks or crackle significantly descends concrete intensity and weather resistance, thus the actual service life of having reduced concrete works, even may have influence on the safety of entire structure.
Prevention concrete shrinkage rimose major measure roughly has three classes at present: the one, mix fiber, and the 2nd, mix swelling agent, the 3rd, mix economization agent.But mixing fiber in fact mainly is to increase concrete crack resistance, be difficult to reduce concrete shrinkage, and the cost increase is higher relatively, and difficulty of construction increases; And mix the partly or entirely contraction of compensating concrete of swelling agent, and but starting material to be formed and the having relatively high expectations of construction and maintenance, once occurring not mixing the swelling agent concrete on the engineering does not split, and mixes the swelling agent concrete accident that ftractureed on the contrary; Mix economization agent and significantly and day by day obtain widespread use because it is easy to operate, reduce effect.
China discloses CN 1583648A, CN 1648098A, three economization agent for concrete patent applications of CN 1702087A in 2005.The described economization agent of CN 1583648A is mixed by polyvinyl alcohol compounds, aliphatics glycol ether, hydroxide alkylamine; The described economization agent of CN 1648098A is by multiple organism such as unit alcohol, polyvalent alcohol and polyoxy ether be composited (unreceipted preparation method); The described economization agent of CN 1702087A is made up of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinylbenzene, initiator, chain-transfer agent, polyoxyethylene glycol and catalyzer, generates a kind of high-molecular weight, contains the comb-shaped polymer of polyoxyalkylene chain through polymerization, fatization, neutralization reaction.Though three kinds of economization agents all have reducing function to concrete, all not mentionedly whether can effectively reduce low water binder ratio dry shrinkage of concrete and self-constriction.From disclosed specification sheets, explanation only general among the CN1583648A " after adding economization agent, can make the contraction of concrete, mortar and cement paste reduce by 60～80% ", and does not introduce the when relevant experimental data of the concrete cooperation of concrete; In the embodiment of CN 1648098A, economization agent is the test that 0.375 concrete carries out with water-cement ratio all to the influence of concrete shrinkage with to the influence of concrete own vol distortion; In the embodiment of CN 1702087A, what provide is cement: sand is that 1: 3, water cement ratio are the contraction data of 0.6 mortar specimen.About reducing dry shrinkage of concrete and contracting certainly, engineering practice shows that water-cement ratio is low more, and the difficulty that reduces its contraction is big more.In addition, on the starting material or preparation technology of the use of three class economization agents, the cost of economization agent is all very high, and widespread use remains in difficulty on engineering at present.Moreover CN 1583648A, the described economization agent for concrete of CN 1648098A are the organic compound or the mixture of small molecular weight, and normal temperature is down for liquid, volatile, some organism possibility itself is poisonous or irritating smell is arranged, and may cause environmental pollution when serious, influences the healthy of workman.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can reduce concrete significantly, the particularly concrete dry shrinkage of low water binder ratio of high strength, superstrength grade and the economization agent for concrete of spontaneous contraction, this kind economization agent not only volume is few, and cost is lower.
Economization agent for concrete of the present invention is a kind of polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class, by C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and ethylene oxide condensation reaction form, and structural formula is R-O-(CH 2-CH 2-O) n-X, wherein R is C 12～C 18Alkyl, X is-CH 2CH 2OH or-CH 2CH 3, n=15～16.Normal temperature for white or little yellow solid, is paste more than 60 ℃ down, and is soluble in water, mass concentration greater than 0, be less than or equal to 10% aqueous solution clear at normal temperatures, pH value 6～7.
Economization agent for concrete of the present invention can directly mix and stir with concrete raw material with the pressed powder form, also can be dissolved in the mixing water earlier and mixing with water, and effect is the same substantially, mixes with water and omits.When in concrete, using described economization agent, its volume be in the concrete consolidating material weight 0.05%～1.2%, concrete volume is decided on concrete shrinkage and water-cement ratio size, the water-cement ratio height, then the volume of economization agent is got than low value, and water-cement ratio is low, and then the volume of economization agent is got high value.Water-cement ratio is lower than the concrete that 0.25,28 day intensity surpasses 100MPa, volume be in the concrete consolidating material weight 0.5%～1%.
Economization agent for concrete of the present invention is applicable to silicate cement, ordinary Portland cement and all mixed cements and special cement, can also mix use with the water reducer of using always, retardant, hardening accelerator, swelling agent, various concrete admixtures etc.
The preparation method of economization agent for concrete of the present invention is as follows:
Starting material: C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18); Oxyethane; Acid; Hydrogen peroxide; Basic catalyst.
Production technique: with oxyethane and C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is with 4: 1～6: 1 mixed of weight ratio, add caustic soda class catalyzer (add-on of catalyzer be oxyethane weight 0.1%～0.2%) then, under normal pressure, 120 ℃～190 ℃, carry out condensation reaction, after reaction finishes, be neutralized to pH value 6～7 with acid, behind hydrogen peroxide bleaching, promptly get product at 70 ℃～80 ℃.Reaction formula is:
In the formula, R is C 12～C 18Alkyl, n=16～17.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, economization agent of the present invention can reduce the dry shrinkage and the spontaneous contraction of concrete, mortar and cement paste significantly, and concrete dry shrinkage of low water binder ratio and the spontaneous contraction that reduces high strength, the strong grade of superelevation had good effect (concrete effect sees embodiment 2 for details) equally.
2, economization agent volume of the present invention is few, only is 0.05%～1.2% of consolidating material weight.
3, easy to use, both can directly mix and stir with concrete raw material with the pressed powder form, also can be dissolved in the mixing water earlier and mixing with water.
4, less, the low price of variety of raw material of preparation economization agent of the present invention, production technique is very simple, thereby production cost is very low.
5, economization agent normal temperature of the present invention is down solid, and nontoxic non-volatility helps environment protection and operator's health.
6, economization agent of the present invention does not have corrosion to the almost not influence of concrete basicity to reinforcing bar.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the contract with dry rate curve of economization agent of the present invention different volumes in the low water binder ratio concrete, shown of the influence of different volume economization agents to the low water binder ratio concrete shrinkage, wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is a 52.5R ordinary portland cement dry shrinkage of concrete rate curve, and Fig. 1 (b) is a 42.5R ordinary portland cement dry shrinkage of concrete rate curve;
Fig. 2 be economization agent of the present invention in the low water binder ratio concrete different volumes from the shrinkage curve, shown different volume economization agents to the low water binder ratio concrete from the influence of contracting;
Fig. 3 is the compound shrinking percentage curve that mixes in the low water binder ratio concrete of economization agent of the present invention and swelling agent, wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is the concrete deformation rate curve of 3 days low water binder ratio of water curing, Fig. 3 (b) is that low water binder ratio is concrete from the shrinkage curve, and Fig. 3 (c) is a low water binder ratio dry shrinkage of concrete rate curve.
Numeral on each picture in picture example is a concrete numbering in the embodiment part table 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is the preparation of economization agent, and raw material has: C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18); Oxyethane; Acetic acid; Hydrogen peroxide; Sodium hydroxide.Preparation technology is: with oxyethane and C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is with 5: 1 mixed of weight ratio, add catalyzer sodium hydroxide then, the add-on of sodium hydroxide is 0.15% of an oxyethane weight, under normal pressure, 170 ℃～180 ℃, carry out condensation reaction, reaction times is about 2 hours, after reaction finishes, be neutralized to pH value 7, behind hydrogen peroxide bleaching, promptly get economization agent for concrete of the present invention at 70 ℃ with acetic acid.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is a concrete test.
1, test concrete raw material
Cement---42.5R and 52.5R ordinary Portland cement; The silicon ash; High efficiency water reducing agent, water-reducing rate is more than 25%; The limestone gravel coarse aggregate, river sand, fineness modulus 2.4; Swelling agent; Economization agent (pressing the method preparation of embodiment 1).
2, test concrete mix
It is 0.18 that concrete water-cement ratio is adopted in test, and the water reducer volume is 2.5% of a consolidating material weight, and the economization agent volume is 0.5%～1.0% of a consolidating material weight, coforming 8 groups of concrete samples, concrete proportioning is as shown in table 1.. economization agent is mixed together with pressed powder form and other component of concrete and mixes.
Table 1 concrete mix
The concrete sample numbering Water-cement ratio Agglutination material consumption (kg/m 3) Agglutination material is formed (%) Water reducer volume (%) Economization agent volume (%) Sand coarse aggregate ratio (%) Cement type
Cement The silicon ash Swelling agent
1 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 0 40 52.5R
2 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 0.5 40 52.5R
3 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 1.0 40 52.5R
4 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 0 40 42.5R
5 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 0.5 40 42.5R
6 0.18 700 90 10 0 2.5 1.0 40 42.5R
7 0.18 700 78 10 12 2.5 0 40 42.5R
8 0.18 700 78 10 12 2.5 0.5 40 42.5R
3, test-results
3.1 economization agent is to the dry influence of shrinking of concrete
Used concrete sample be numbered 1,2,3 and 4,5,6, being numbered 1,2,3 concrete sample is one group, this group is mixed the drying shrinkage test-results of economization agent shown in Fig. 1 (a), being numbered 4,5,6 concrete sample is one group, and this group is mixed the drying shrinkage test-results of economization agent shown in Fig. 1 (b).The contraction result of result shown in Fig. 1 for promptly measuring after the moulding comprises contraction and the intensity drying shrinkage when reaching 3～5MPa form removal after measured of quiet stopping time of test specimen in mould.Test shows that along with the increase of economization agent volume, the dry contraction of concrete reduced.From Fig. 1 (a) as can be seen, when the economization agent volume was 1%, to 52.5R ordinary portland cement concrete, drying shrinkage reduced by 67.3% in 3 days, and the drying shrinkage value reduces 875 * 10 -6, drying shrinkage reduced by 51.9% in 6 months, and the drying shrinkage value reduces 814 * 10 -6From Fig. 1 (b) as can be seen, to 42.5R ordinary portland cement concrete, drying shrinkage reduced by 60.5% in 3 days, and the drying shrinkage value reduces 701 * 10 -6, drying shrinkage reduced by 47.8% in 6 months, and the drying shrinkage value reduces 713 * 10 -6Two groups of cement drying shrinkage test-results rules are in full accord, this shows that economization agent of the present invention can reduce the concrete dry shrinkage of low water binder ratio significantly.
3.2 economization agent is to the influence of concrete autogenous contraction
Used concrete sample be numbered 1,2,3, that mixes economization agent contracts test-results as shown in Figure 2 certainly.The spontaneous contraction result of result shown in Fig. 2 for promptly measuring after the moulding comprises spontaneous contraction and intensity certainly the contracting of when reaching 3～5MPa form removal after measuring of quiet stopping time of test specimen in mould.Fig. 2 shows that along with the increase of economization agent volume, concrete autogenous contraction reduces.When the economization agent volume was 1%, spontaneous shrinking percentage value reduced 256 * 10 from the reduction by 54.4% of contracting in 3 days -6Shrank in 6 months and reduce by 35.6%, spontaneous shrinking percentage value reduces 278 * 10 -6This shows that economization agent of the present invention can reduce the concrete spontaneous contraction of low water binder ratio significantly.
3.3 the compound effect of mixing of economization agent and swelling agent
Compound test-results of mixing economization agent and swelling agent as shown in Figure 3.Result shown in Fig. 3 is the same with afore-mentioned test, is the concrete deformation result who promptly measures after the moulding.The concrete sample of Fig. 3 (a) is numbered 4,7,8, and to be that forming room is quiet stop form removal when intensity reaches 3～5MPa to this figure, and 20 ± 3 ℃ of water curings are to the 3 days length of time then, the distortion of measuring in thermostatic constant wet chamber's maintenance of 20 ± 3 ℃ of temperature, humidity 60 ± 5% at last; The concrete sample of Fig. 3 (b) is numbered 4,5,7,8, and this figure is spontaneous contraction result; The concrete sample of Fig. 3 (c) is numbered 4,5,7,8, and this figure is the dry shrinkage result.As seen from Figure 3: (1) economization agent can cause the faint expansion of water curing test specimen; (2) swelling agent can reduce spontaneous contraction in concrete 6 months, but DeGrain before 3 days, economization agent and swelling agent are compound, can further reduce certainly and contract, but early stage effect is good not as singly mixing economization agent; (3) swelling agent is little to the influence of 6 months drying shrinkage of concrete, but drying shrinkage increases before 3 days, and economization agent and swelling agent are compound, 6 months drying shrinkage with singly mix economization agent and almost do not have difference, but early stage effect is good not as singly mixing economization agent.This shows that economization agent does not have disadvantageous effect to swelling agent, but effective not as singly mixing economization agent under dry environment.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class is characterized in that by C 12～C 18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and ethylene oxide condensation reaction form, and structural formula is R-O-(CH 2-CH 2-O) n-X, wherein R is C 12～C 18Alkyl, X is-CH 2CH 2OH or-CH 2CH 3, n=15～16.
2, polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class according to claim 1, it is characterized in that under the normal temperature being white or little yellow solid, is paste more than 60 ℃, soluble in water, mass concentration greater than 0, be less than or equal to 10% aqueous solution clear at normal temperatures, pH value 6～7.
3, the described polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class of claim 1 is as the application of economization agent for concrete.
4, application according to claim 3, when it is characterized in that using described economization agent for concrete, volume be in the concrete consolidating material weight 0.05%～1.2%.
5, application according to claim 4 is characterized in that being lower than the concrete that 0.25,28 day intensity surpasses 100MPa for water-cement ratio, the volume of economization agent be in the concrete consolidating material weight 0.5%～1%.
6,, it is characterized in that described economization agent for concrete mixes in the concrete with the pressed powder form or with aqueous solution form according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 described application.
7,, it is characterized in that described economization agent for concrete mixes use with various concrete admixtures according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 described application.
CNB2006100212068A 2006-06-20 2006-06-20 Polymer of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class, and application as economization agent for concrete Expired - Fee Related CN100347139C (en)

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CN101475338B (en) * 2009-01-22 2012-06-06 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 High-early strength type polycarboxylate compositional water reducing agent for unballasted track plate
CN102503541A (en) * 2011-09-23 2012-06-20 江苏博特新材料有限公司 Concrete water evaporation inhibitor with shrinkage function and preparation method thereof
JP5856507B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2016-02-09 三洋化成工業株式会社 Shrinkage reducing agent for cement
CN108219080B (en) * 2016-12-21 2020-03-17 辽宁奥克化学股份有限公司 Preparation method of polycarboxylate superplasticizer
CN107867807A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-04-03 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 A kind of alkali-free quick-coagulant with reducing function and preparation method thereof
CN110698158A (en) * 2019-11-09 2020-01-17 韶关市第一建筑工程有限公司 Machine-sprayed polymer anti-crack plastering mortar and preparation method thereof
CN112979209B (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-07-12 中国石油大学(华东) Oil well cement composite shrinkage reducing agent, preparation method and application thereof

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CN1583648A (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-02-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Concrete reducing agent
CN1587176A (en) * 2004-08-27 2005-03-02 华南理工大学 High efficiency mortar additive for lignin series air-entraining concrete and its preparing method
CN1648098A (en) * 2005-02-06 2005-08-03 雷爱中 Shrinking reducing agent for concrete
CN1702087A (en) * 2005-06-21 2005-11-30 重庆大学 Polyacrylic acid salts shrinkage-reducing-agent and method for making same

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CN1583648A (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-02-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Concrete reducing agent
CN1587176A (en) * 2004-08-27 2005-03-02 华南理工大学 High efficiency mortar additive for lignin series air-entraining concrete and its preparing method
CN1648098A (en) * 2005-02-06 2005-08-03 雷爱中 Shrinking reducing agent for concrete
CN1702087A (en) * 2005-06-21 2005-11-30 重庆大学 Polyacrylic acid salts shrinkage-reducing-agent and method for making same

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