CN100346540C - Atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser and its frequency stabilization method - Google Patents
Atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser and its frequency stabilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100346540C CN100346540C CNB200510019816XA CN200510019816A CN100346540C CN 100346540 C CN100346540 C CN 100346540C CN B200510019816X A CNB200510019816X A CN B200510019816XA CN 200510019816 A CN200510019816 A CN 200510019816A CN 100346540 C CN100346540 C CN 100346540C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser which is composed of a pulse pump laser (1), a pulsed dye laser (2), a beam splitter mirror (3), an atomic or molecular bulb (4), a photodetector (5), a delayer (6), a sampling holder (7), an analog-to-digital converter (8), a microprocessor (9), a pulse delayer (10) and a stepping motor (11). The present invention relates to the frequency stabilization of the pulse dye laser, adopts an atomic and molecular frequency standard source to carry out frequency discrimination and frequency stabilization. The present invention also discloses a frequency stabilizing method of the laser, the microprocessor (9) is adopted to carry out data acquisition and processing toward frequency discrimination signals, and the stepping motor (11) deflects a grating to through a precise reduction box so as to regulate laser frequency and realize the atomic and molecular frequency stabilization of the pulsed dye laser (2). Additionally, the present invention can also carry out automatic search, peak locking or frequency bias locking on the laser frequency, and has the advantages of high regulating speed, and long-term stable frequency with high accuracy and no drift.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to laser frequency stabilization, relate in particular to the atom of pulsed dye laser or the laser frequency stabilization of molecular transition frequency reference.
Background technology:
The principle of dye laser is: external pumping laser incides in the dye cell of dye laser, dye molecule is pumped into excitation state from ground state, excited atom is owing to stimulated radiation produces fluorescence, and the light reaction cavity of forming by the grating and the half anti-mirror on dye cell both sides carries out the output laser that frequency selects to obtain tunable frequency again.Can obtain the laser that frequency covers 300～1100nm scope by the different dyes of changing dye laser.
In resonance fluorescence laser radar and DIAL, all require to use the tunable pulsed laser device, pulsed dye laser is exactly wherein the most frequently used a kind of.In this class laser radar, not only require the wavelength of pulsed dye laser to adjust to exactly on the absorbing wavelength that is detected atom and molecule, and require it just steady in a long-term constant once setting up.Back one requires to be difficult to usually reach.At present, on engineering is used, generally be to adopt in the laser radar course of work, termly its output wavelength to be carried out artificial correction adjustment.It is frequent more to proofread and correct adjustment, and the laser radar detection accuracy is high more.This way not only bothers very much, and between twice correction set up, the detection accuracy of laser radar also can be subjected to the influence of wave length shift.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is: a kind of atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser is provided, and this laser adopts a kind of atom and molecule frequency reference source that the output pulsed dye laser is carried out frequency discrimination and frequency stabilization.Another object of the present invention is: the frequency-stabilizing method that this laser is provided, this method is carried out data acquisition, analysis and processing by microprocessor to the frequency discrimination signal, obtain the error signal that laser frequency departs from, by FEEDBACK CONTROL grating corner, reach the output frequency long-term stability of pulsed dye laser purpose in the atom and molecule frequency reference.And frequency stabilization circuit employing Based Intelligent Control, and do not adopt common difference or the control of phase-locked analog circuit, and improved the antijamming capability and the automaticity of frequency stabilized carbon dioxide laser, help improving the effect that it is used in resonance fluorescence and DIAL.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
(1) structure is formed
Atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser is made up of pulse pump laser, pulsed dye laser, beam splitter, atom or molecule bubble, photodetector, delayer, sampling holder, analog to digital converter, microprocessor, pulse delay unit, stepping motor.
The laser output of pulse pump laser is over against the laser input port of pulsed dye laser, place beam splitter in the medium dip of pulsed dye laser output light path, in the reflected light path of beam splitter, place atom or molecule bubble and photodetector successively, the frequency discrimination signal of the output of photodetector is connected to delayer, the output of delayer is connected to sampling holder, the output of sampling holder is connected to analog to digital converter, the output connecting microprocessor of analog to digital converter, the output of microprocessor is connected to stepping motor, and stepping motor drives grating deflection by the accurate reduction box of pulsed dye laser.The lock-out pulse of pulse pump laser output is connected to pulse delay unit, to guarantee the synchronism of data acquisition and processing (DAP).
(2) frequency-stabilizing method
The reverberation of beam splitter shines as on the atom of frequency reference benchmark or the molecule bubble, the luminous intensity that sees through atom or molecule bubble changes with frequency, obtain the frequency discrimination signal of telecommunication by photodetector, this signal of telecommunication is sent into delayer, through sending into sampling holder after amplification and the time-delay, the extreme value signal of frequency discrimination signal has been become d. c. voltage signal, send into analog to digital converter then and carry out analog-to-digital conversion, to simulate the frequency discrimination conversion of signals becomes digital signal to send into microprocessor, microprocessor is handled this signal, obtain the error signal that laser frequency departs from, and the rotation direction of stepping motor and step number, the angle of grating in the regulating impulse laser thus, thus reach the purpose that changes the pulsed dye laser output frequency.
Microprocessor comprises the main program of digital frequency discrimination Signal Processing method: frequency search module, frequency optimization module, frequency lock module.Wherein comprise in frequency search module and the frequency optimization module: frequency adjustment subprogram and data acquisition subprogram.
This program is earlier to system initialization, enter " frequency search " module then, after finding the frequency with atom or molecular resonance, enter " frequency optimization " module, laser frequency is adjusted to the frequency discrimination curve peak value of atom or molecular resonance, enters " frequency lock " module then, laser frequency is monitored, if laser frequency departs from setting range, just enter " frequency optimization " module.
Frequency search module: rotate the deflection of drive grating by the control step motor, make laser frequency scanning output, constantly read the data of the reflection frequency discrimination signal that analog to digital converter sends here, reach preset value, just think that laser frequency is in the frequency discrimination curve scope when detecting signal strength signal intensity.
Frequency optimization module: rotate by the control step motor, drive grating deflection, make laser frequency scanning output, the data of the reflection frequency discrimination signal that continuous reading of data collection subprogram is sent here, seek the pairing stepping motor of the data peaks position of frequency discrimination signal, the control step motor turns to this position then, makes the maximum of the laser frequency of output corresponding to the frequency discrimination signal.
The frequency lock module: with the peak value of laser frequency lock in frequency discrimination curve, perhaps as requested with laser frequency lock on the frequency of offset peak one fixed value.The real time monitoring output frequency if frequency drift surpasses preset value, just calls the frequency optimization module, is optimized adjustment.
The data acquisition subprogram: because there is shake in the pulse power of pulsed dye laser output, in order to reduce the accidental error that the single data cause, the mean value of taking repeatedly data acquisition is as valid data.
Advantage of the present invention and effect:
Utilize atom and molecule transition spectral line as benchmark, adopt microprocessor to carry out signal processing and FEEDBACK CONTROL, can be automatically the output frequency of pulsed dye laser be stabilized on the jump frequency of atom and molecule, and can realize the frequency deviation locking, intelligent strong, timely and rapid to the adjusting of laser frequency, make the laser frequency of output long-term surely, do not have drift, precision frequency stabilization height, frequency locking time are long, anti-environmental interference ability is strong, are well positioned to meet the instructions for use of resonance fluorescence radar and differential absorption lidar.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser structural representation.
Wherein: 1 pulse pump laser, 2 pulsed dye lasers, 3 beam splitters, 4 atoms or molecule bubble, 5 photodetectors, 6 delayers, 7 sampling holders, 8 analog to digital converters, 9 microprocessors, 10 pulse delay units, 11 stepping motors.
Fig. 2 is a signal timing diagram.
Wherein, 202 lock-out pulses, 204 frequency discrimination signals, 205 first lock-out pulses, 206 second lock-out pulses.
Fig. 3 is atom or molecule frequency discrimination curve figure.
Fig. 4 is a main program flow chart.
Fig. 5 is a frequency search module flow chart.
Fig. 6 is a frequency optimization module flow chart.
Fig. 7 is a frequency lock module flow chart.
Fig. 8 is the data acquisition subroutine flow chart.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser is made up of pulse pump laser 1, pulsed dye laser 2, beam splitter 3, atom or molecule bubble 4, photodetector 5, delayer 6, sampling holder 7, analog to digital converter 8, microprocessor 9, pulse delay unit 10, stepping motor 11.
The laser output of pulse pump laser 1 is over against the laser input port of pulsed dye laser 2, place beam splitter 3 in pulsed dye laser 2 output light path medium dips, in the reflected light path of beam splitter 3, place atom or molecule bubble 4 and photodetector 5 successively, the frequency discrimination signal 204 of the output of photodetector 5 is connected to delayer 6, the output of delayer 6 is connected to sampling holder 7, the output of sampling holder 7 is connected to analog to digital converter 8, the output connecting microprocessor 9 of analog to digital converter 8, the output of microprocessor 9 is connected to stepping motor 11, and stepping motor 11 drives grating deflection by the accurate reduction box of pulsed dye laser 2.The lock-out pulse 202 of pulse pump laser 1 output is connected to pulse delay unit 10, and two lock-out pulses of pulse delay unit 10 outputs: first lock-out pulse 205 is connected to sampling holder 7, the second lock-out pulses 206 and is connected to analog to digital converter 8.Wherein the trailing edge of first lock-out pulse 205 is corresponding with the peak point of frequency discrimination signal 204, and second lock-out pulse, 206 rising edges will be in after first lock-out pulse, 205 trailing edges.
The frequency-stabilizing method of atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser:
(1) signal processing:
The reverberation of beam splitter 3 shines as on the atom of frequency reference benchmark or the molecule bubble 4, the luminous intensity that sees through atom or molecule bubble 4 changes with frequency, obtain the frequency discrimination signal of telecommunication by photodetector 5, this signal of telecommunication is sent into delayer 6, through sending into sampling holder 7 after amplification and the time-delay, the extreme value signal of frequency discrimination signal has been become d. c. voltage signal, send into analog to digital converter 8 then and carry out analog-to-digital conversion, to simulate the frequency discrimination conversion of signals becomes digital signal to send into microprocessor 9,9 pairs of these signals of microprocessor are handled, obtain the error signal that laser frequency departs from, and the rotation direction of stepping motor 11 and step number, the angle of grating in the regulating impulse laser 2 thus, thus reach the purpose that changes the pulsed dye laser output frequency.
(2) selection of parameter:
Discrimination threshold W is meant: laser frequency and atom or molecule bubble 4 can be different from the frequency discrimination signal strength signal intensity of noise when resonance takes place.Δ P is the permissible error scope of frequency discrimination curve maximum, and the more little precision frequency stabilization of Δ P is high more.
The maximum step number M of stepping motor 11 is meant: stepping motor 11 advances or retreats grating deflection angle that the M step time produced greater than the grating maximum deflection angle that may cause because of environmental factor, to guarantee that stepping motor advances or retreats in M step, can find atom or molecule bubble resonance frequency.
The optimization step number N of stepping motor 11 is meant: stepping motor 11 advance or the GBN go-back-N scope in, exist to make laser frequency and atom or molecule bubble that the peak point that resonates take place.
(3) software
Microprocessor comprises the main program of digital frequency discrimination Signal Processing method: frequency search module, frequency optimization module, frequency lock module.Wherein comprise in frequency search module and the frequency optimization module: frequency adjustment subprogram and data acquisition subprogram.
This program is introduced into " frequency search " module, to system initialization, after finding the frequency with atom or molecular resonance, enter " frequency optimization " module, laser frequency is adjusted to the frequency discrimination curve peak value of atom or molecular resonance, enter " frequency lock " module then, with the peak value of laser frequency lock in frequency discrimination curve, perhaps as requested with laser frequency lock on the frequency of offset peak one fixed value, the real time monitoring output frequency, if laser frequency departs from setting range, just reenter " frequency optimization " module.
The frequency search module:
(A) effect of frequency search module is: rotate by control step motor 11 on the one hand and drive grating deflection, make laser frequency scanning output, on the other hand, constantly read the data of the reflection frequency discrimination signal that analog to digital converter 8 sends here, when signal strength signal intensity reaches preset value, just be judged as the laser frequency that has found with atom or molecular resonance.
(B) step of frequency search module:
The maximum scan step number M of scanning stepping motor 11 and the discrimination threshold W of frequency discrimination signal are read in a1, initialization, and stepping motor 11 initial positions retreat the M step;
B1, call " data acquisition " subprogram;
If c1 frequency discrimination signal data is less than discrimination threshold W, stepping motor 11 takes a step forward;
D1, if the step number of stepping motor 11 more than or equal to 2M, stepping motor 11 turns back to initial position, reports to the police and also finishes;
E1, jump to step b1;
If f1 frequency discrimination signal data returns more than or equal to discrimination threshold W;
The frequency optimization module:
(A) effect of frequency optimization module is: rotate by control step motor 11, drive grating deflection, make laser frequency near atom or molecular resonance curve, scan output, constantly read and preserve the data of the reflection frequency discrimination signal that the data acquisition subprogram sends here, seek the pairing stepping motor of the data extreme value position of frequency discrimination signal, the control step motor turns to this position then, makes the maximum of the laser frequency of output corresponding to the frequency discrimination signal.
(B) step of frequency optimization module:
A2, read the optimization step number N of stepping motor, the stepping motor GBN go-back-N;
B2, call " data acquisition " subprogram, preserve frequency discrimination data and stepping motor 11 step numbers, stepping motor 11 takes a step forward;
If the step number of c2 stepping motor 11 less than 2N, jumps to step b2;
The step number of d2, stepping motor 11 is got the maximum frequency discrimination data and corresponding stepping motor 11 step numbers thereof of 2N sampled result more than or equal to 2N;
E2, control step motor 11 turn to the position of frequency discrimination data maximum;
F2, return.
The frequency lock module:
(A) effect of frequency lock module is: with the peak value of laser frequency lock in frequency discrimination curve, perhaps as requested with laser frequency lock on the frequency of offset peak one fixed value.The real time monitoring output frequency if frequency drift surpasses preset value, just calls the frequency optimization module, is optimized adjustment.
(B) step of frequency lock module is:
A3, initialization,
B3, call " data acquisition " subprogram, obtain frequency discrimination data P
Max
C3, time-delay T1,
If d3 does not require the frequency deviation locking, jump to step f3, if require the frequency deviation locking, stepping motor turns to required frequency deviation place,
E3, time-delay T2, stepping motor is got back to the crest frequency place,
F3, call " data acquisition " subprogram, obtain frequency discrimination data P
i
If g3 | P
Max-P
i|≤Δ P, jump to step c3, otherwise enter the frequency optimization step,
H3, jump to b3.
The data acquisition subprogram:
(A) effect of data acquisition subprogram is: read analog-to-digital data, and eliminate accidental error.Because there is shake in the pulse power of pulsed dye laser output, in order to reduce the accidental error that the single data cause, at first a plurality of data are read in circulation, the moment of each reading of data must be waited for after analog-to-digital conversion finishes and carrying out, remove a maximum and a minimum value then, remaining valid data are averaged, as the result of a data acquisition.
(B) data acquisition subroutine procedure:
A4, by the time analog-to-digital conversion is finished, and reads frequency discrimination data P one time;
If the b4 reading times less than Q, jumps to step a4;
If the c4 reading times more than or equal to Q, is removed maximum and minimum value, get the mean value of remaining frequency discrimination data P, preserve and return.
Wherein Q is any one number of 5～20.
Claims (3)
1, atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser is made up of pulse pump laser (1), pulsed dye laser (2), beam splitter (3), atom or molecule bubble (4), photodetector (5), delayer (6), sampling holder (7), analog to digital converter (8), microprocessor (9), pulse delay unit (10), stepping motor (11); It is characterized in that, the laser output of pulse pump laser (1) is over against the laser input port of pulsed dye laser (2), place beam splitter (3) in pulsed dye laser (2) output light path medium dip, in the reflected light path of beam splitter (3), place atom or molecule bubble (4) and photodetector (5) successively, the frequency discrimination signal of photodetector (5) output is connected to delayer (6), the output of delayer (6) is connected to sampling holder (7), the output of sampling holder (7) is connected to analog to digital converter (8), the output connecting microprocessor (9) of analog to digital converter (8), the rotation of the output control step motor (11) of microprocessor (9), stepping motor (11) is connected with the accurate reduction box of pulsed dye laser (2), drive grating deflection, regulate laser frequency, carry out frequency stabilization; The lock-out pulse of pulse pump laser (1) output is connected to pulse delay unit (10), and first lock-out pulse of pulse delay unit (10) output is connected to sampling holder (7), and second lock-out pulse is connected to analog to digital converter (8).
2, realize the frequency-stabilizing method of the described atom and molecule frequency stabilized pulsed dye laser of claim 1, it is characterized in that, steps of the method are:
A, frequency search step,
B, frequency optimization step,
C, frequency lock step;
Wherein: frequency search step a is:
The maximum scan step number M of scanning stepping motor (11) and the discrimination threshold W of frequency discrimination signal are read in a1, initialization, and stepping motor (11) initial position retreats the M step,
B1, call " data acquisition " subprogram,
If c1 frequency discrimination signal data is less than discrimination threshold W, stepping motor (11) takes a step forward,
D1, if the step number of stepping motor (11) more than or equal to 2M, stepping motor (11) turns back to initial position, report to the police and also finish,
E1, jump to step b1,
If f1 frequency discrimination signal data returns more than or equal to discrimination threshold W;
Wherein: frequency optimization step b is:
A2, read the optimization step number N of stepping motor (11), the stepping motor GBN go-back-N,
B2, call " data acquisition " subprogram, preserve frequency discrimination data and stepping motor (11) step number, stepping motor (11) takes a step forward,
If the step number of c2 stepping motor (11) jumps to step b2 less than 2N,
The step number of d2, stepping motor (11) is got the maximum frequency discrimination data and corresponding stepping motor (11) step number thereof of 2N sampled result more than or equal to 2N,
E2, control step motor (11) turn to the position of frequency discrimination data maximum,
F2, return;
Wherein: frequency lock step c is:
A3, initialization,
B3, call " data acquisition " subprogram, obtain frequency discrimination data P
Max
C3, time-delay T1,
If d3 does not require the frequency deviation locking, jump to step f3, if require the frequency deviation locking, stepping motor turns to required frequency deviation place,
E3, time-delay T2, stepping motor is got back to the crest frequency place,
13, call " data acquisition " subprogram, obtain frequency discrimination data P
i
If g3 | P
Max-P
i|≤Δ P, jump to step c3, otherwise enter the frequency optimization step,
H3, jump to b3,
The step of step a, step b and the described data acquisition subprogram of step c is:
A4, by the time analog-to-digital conversion is finished, and reads frequency discrimination data P one time,
If the b4 reading times less than Q, jumps to step a4,
If the c4 reading times more than or equal to Q, is removed maximum and minimum value, get the mean value of remaining frequency discrimination data P, preserve and return;
Wherein Q is any one number of 5～20.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100561255C (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of comprehensive multi-functional atmospheric exploration laser radar on the middle and senior level |
| CN103178437B (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Intelligentialized laser locking device and locking method |
| CN104423296A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 王京 | Automatic laser beam locking method |
| CN103576068A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-12 | 吉林大学 | General electric derivative tester for semiconductor laser |
| CN103996971B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉大学 | CO2pulse difference frequency laser frequency regulator and method in detecting laser radar |
| CN104409963B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-09-19 | 华东师范大学 | The dye laser and its frequency-stabilizing method of frequency stabilization when a kind of narrow linewidth is long |
| CN114498277A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Narrow linewidth pulse laser frequency stabilizer |
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