CN1177233C - High-precision laser range finder - Google Patents
High-precision laser range finder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1177233C CN1177233C CNB011158395A CN01115839A CN1177233C CN 1177233 C CN1177233 C CN 1177233C CN B011158395 A CNB011158395 A CN B011158395A CN 01115839 A CN01115839 A CN 01115839A CN 1177233 C CN1177233 C CN 1177233C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-precision laser distance measurement device which mainly utilizes an automatic peak control return circuit to enhance the measurement precision, and the automatic peak control return circuit is composed of a signal receiving circuit, a peak hold circuit, an integrator circuit and a high-voltage power supply circuit. With the difference of reflection indexes of objects, the strengths of received signals are different, so all the strengths of the reflection received signals of the objects are fixing values for the objects with different reflection indexes by the treatment of the signal receiving circuit, the peak hold circuit, etc., the problem of time counting deflection can be excluded, and the accuracy is also be enhanced to 1cm.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of high-precision laser range finder, refer to a kind of laser range finder especially, can reach distance measuring exactly by this device with automatic peak value control loop (automatic peak control).
Background technology
Press, laser range finder is one of important tool as distance measuring for a long time always, its principle is by a generating laser object to be launched a pulse signal, and receive signal by the laser pickoff of a low noise, high sensitivity again by object reflected, calculate the distance of object by this reflected signal, its formula is as described below:
Td＝2L/C
In above-mentioned formula, Td representative be the pulse signal of emission and the pulse signal time delay between the two of reception, and the L representative is the distance of object, the C representative then be the light velocity.And as long as measure Td time delay accurately, then the distance L of object can obtain.In order to measure distance more accurately, thereby measure time delay Td exactly and be inevitable, it improves direction and can carry out towards following several points:
1. the pulse width of pulse signal that constriction is launched as much as possible.
2. need be stablized from the received pulse signal that object reflected, therefore, cause the change of the starting time point of received signal must maintain minimum as far as possible by the reflectivity difference of object.
3. need a highly sensitive delay time measurement circuit to promote the measurement resolution of laser range finder.
And by United States Patent (USP) number 3,921, can learn on 095 a case that this case is to start formula phase lock circuitry (startable phase-locked loop) with one to improve the measurement of time delay, and resolution is increased to 10-12 second, be as a reference frequency by an oscillation frequency that starts formula oscillator (startableoscillator) in this invention, this reference frequency can accurately remain in the initial phase that starts moment, but because this startup formula oscillator can only be operated under the high speed time pulse signal, especially in ECL logic lock element, operate, therefore in the device of battery as power source, its power consumption is the problem that a utmost point must overcome.
And in another United States Patent (USP) invention case, patent No. is 5,075, the sampling technique of utilizing in 878 a cases is improved the measurement accuracy of time delay, by emission and the pulse signal that the receives reference signal of taking a sample out, utilize this reference signal and obtain a sampling waveform signal, the cycle of this sampling waveform signal is long than pulse signal.And in this invention case, problem of dtmf distortion DTMF might take place in this sample circuit, therefore has the existence of error in measurement in circuit.
From the above, still have weak point on the ranging technology of existing laser range finder, so remain further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
Therefore fundamental purpose of the present invention is providing a kind of high-precision laser range finder, and this laser range finder can improve the measurement resolution, reaches low power consumption, thereby is applicable to the device of battery as power source.
For reaching aforesaid purpose, a kind of high-precision laser range finder proposed by the invention includes:
One drive circuit is to drive an infrared laser diode pair object transponder pulse signal;
One amplifying circuit is that the pulse signal that will reflect amplifies;
One one shots is to transfer the voltage signal that aforementioned amplifying circuit is exported to clock signal;
One time was the output terminal that is connected to aforementioned one shots to the amplitude change-over circuit, was that clock signal is converted to digital signal;
One microprocessor is with the aforementioned time amplitude change-over circuit and driving circuit to be connected, and controlling the triggering opportunity of aforementioned driving circuit, and provides reset signal to give this time to the amplitude change-over circuit;
One display is to be connected with aforementioned microprocessor, and the distance measuring result of calculation of microprocessor is shown; It is characterized in that, wherein also comprise:
One automatic peak value control loop is the pulse signal that reflected of receiving target thing and the output pulse signal intensity of controlling aforementioned driving circuit.
Wherein this automatic peak value control loop includes: a collapse light detector is that the light signal that will sense transfers current signal output to; One signal receiving circuit is the current signal that receives aforementioned collapse light detector, and is converted to voltage signal; One peak holding circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this signal receiving circuit, and the peak value of its voltage signal is fixed; One integrating circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this peak holding circuit, and its output voltage signal and a reference voltage are relatively obtained a voltage difference, and this voltage difference is done integral action; One high-voltage power circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this integrating circuit, and its output terminal then is connected with aforementioned driving circuit and signal receiving circuit, the transmit signal strength of control Driver Circuit, and the gain of collapse light detector.
Wherein this automatic peak value control loop includes: a collapse light detector is that the light signal that will sense transfers current signal output to; One signal receiving circuit is the current signal that receives aforementioned collapse light detector, and is converted to voltage signal; One peak holding circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this signal receiving circuit, and the peak value of its voltage signal is fixed; One A/D converter is the output terminal that is connected to this peak holding circuit, and its output voltage signal is converted to digital signal delivers to microprocessor; One D/A converter is the output terminal that is connected to microprocessor, and is simulating signal with the conversion of signals that microprocessor is sent; One high-voltage power circuit is the simulating signal that the output terminal that is connected to this D/A converter receives its output, and its output terminal then is connected with aforementioned driving circuit and signal receiving circuit, the transmit signal strength of control Driver Circuit, and the gain of collapse light detector.
Wherein should the time amplitude change-over circuit be included: a flip-flop, its input end be connected with output terminal one shots and microprocessor, determine its output clock signal width by one shots and microprocessor; One linear-charging circuit is that the output clock signal with flip-flop is converted to voltage signal output; One A/D converter is that the voltage signal with this linear-charging circuit is converted to the digital signal input microprocessor.
Wherein this driving circuit see through a polarization optical splitter, the pulse signal of emission is closed optical processing.
Wherein this flip-flop is a R-S flip-flop.
Description of drawings
For making the auditor can further understand Apparatus and method for design of the present invention and other purposes, be described in detail as follows below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of signal receiving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of peak holding circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of integrating circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of high-voltage power circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of amplifying circuit of the present invention and one shots.
Fig. 8 is a time deviation schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of R-S flip-flop of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of linear-charging circuit of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the sequential chart of time of the present invention to the amplitude change-over circuit.
Figure 12 is the circuit block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Relevant high-precision laser range finder proposed by the invention sees also shown in Figure 1ly, and it comprises:
One polarization optical splitter 10 is the emitted laser pulse signal to be done close optical processing;
One drive circuit 20 is to drive an infrared laser diode 21 to send pulse signal;
One automatic peak value control loop 30 includes a collapse light detector 35, and this automatic peak value control loop 30 is the signal that reflected of receiving target thing and the bias value of the output pulse signal intensity of controlling aforementioned driving circuit 20 and collapse light detector 35.
One amplifying circuit 40 is to be connected with aforementioned automatic peak value control loop 30, so that the pulse signal that reflects is done processing and amplifying;
One one shots 50 is the output terminals that are connected to aforementioned amplifying circuit 40, is to transfer the voltage signal that amplifying circuit 40 is exported to clock signal;
One time was the output terminals that are connected to aforementioned one shots 50 to amplitude change-over circuit 60, was that clock signal is converted to digital signal;
One microprocessor 70 is with the aforementioned time amplitude change-over circuit 60 and driving circuit 20 to be connected respectively, controls the triggering opportunity of aforementioned driving circuit 20, and does distance calculation according to aforementioned digital signal and handle;
One LCD 80 is to be connected with aforementioned microprocessor 70, and the distance measuring result of calculation of microprocessor 70 is shown;
Wherein this automatic peak value control loop 30 includes:
One collapse light detector 35 is that the light signal that will sense transfers current signal output to;
One signal receiving circuit 31 is to be connected to aforementioned collapse light detector 35, and transfers its output current signal to voltage signal;
One peak holding circuit 32 is the output terminals that are connected to this signal receiving circuit 31, and the peak value of its voltage signal is fixed;
One integrating circuit 33 is the output terminals that are connected to this peak holding circuit 32, and its output voltage signal and a reference voltage are relatively obtained a voltage difference, and this voltage difference is done integral action;
One high-voltage power circuit 34 is the output terminals that are connected to this integrating circuit 33, and its output terminal then is connected with aforementioned driving circuit 20 and signal receiving circuit 31, the transmit signal strength of control Driver Circuit 20, and the gain of collapse light detector 35.
This signal receiving circuit 31 is to see through the laser pulse signal that collapse light detector 35 receives by object reflected, and after treatment with the pulse signal that receives, be sent to peak holding circuit 32, detect the oscillator intensity of received signal by peak holding circuit 32, and compare with a reference voltage level and to get its voltage difference, utilize integrating circuit 33 that this voltage difference is done Integral Processing, the intact output signal of Integral Processing is passed to high-voltage power circuit 34, control the output voltage of high-voltage power circuit 34 whereby, and this output voltage is the output signal strength in order to control Driver Circuit 20, and the gain of collapse light detector 35.In case this loop reaches when stablizing, the intensity of received signal and reference voltage level voltage difference each other can maintain zero.
Please refer to shown in Figure 2ly, this driving circuit 20 is to receive the trigger pip of the voltage that provided by high-voltage power circuit 34 and microprocessor 70 so that laser semiconductor produces laser pulse with orthochronous.
Please refer to shown in Figure 3, these signal receiving circuit 31 its collapse light detectors 35 are bias value is connected to collapse light detector 35 by a decoupling filter 310 negative terminals, receive the output current signal of collapse light detector 35, input to one and change impedance amplifier 311, to be converted to voltage signal and send into an emitter-base bandgap grading follower 312 and a common emitter amplifier 313 by the current signal that collapse light detector 35 is sent by this commentaries on classics impedance amplifier 311, so that this voltage signal is delivered to peak holding circuit 32 and amplifying circuit 40 after processing and amplifying.
Please refer to shown in Figure 4, mainly be to receive the signal of being exported by signal receiving circuit 31 in this peak holding circuit 32 by an impact damper 321, export integrating circuit 33 to after the peak value holding circuit of mainly being made up of operational amplifier OP1 through one-level 322 is fixed signal peak again, make the pulse wave intensity of its output signal strength and input signal proportional.
Please refer to shown in Figure 5, this integrating circuit 33 is to be made of an integrator, be output signal and reference voltage comparison with peak holding circuit 32, both differences are sent into high-voltage power circuit 34 through after the integration processing and amplifying, by integrating circuit 33 to eliminate the steady-state error of automatic peak value control loop 30.
Please refer to shown in Figure 6, this high-voltage power circuit 34 is made up of a pulse-width regulating device U501 and a booster circuit, wherein the output voltage signal by integrating circuit 33 of the output pulse width of pulse-width regulating device U501 is controlled, the output voltage of high-voltage power circuit 34 then provides respectively to driving circuit 20 and collapse light detector 35, the laser output pulse signal intensity that therefore can control Driver Circuit 20 and the gain of collapse light detector 35.
Please refer to shown in Figure 7, this amplifying circuit 40 is made up of a bias voltage stable loop 41, an amplifier U201 and a low-pass filter 42, amplifying output for the DC voltage drift that prevents amplifier U201 through amplifier U201 makes one shots 50 produce misoperation, so come the input bias voltage of stabilizing amplifier by bias voltage stable loop 41, the bias voltage of this amplifier U201 input end is to be feedback by output terminal to be adjusted through low-pass filter 42 simultaneously, so can stablize the input bias voltage and not influenced by temperature variation.And one shots 50 mainly is made of an integrated circuit U401, its function mainly is that the output voltage signal with amplifying circuit 40 transfers input R-S flip-flop 61 behind the digital pulse signal that width is a definite value to, use as triggering, even cause the degree of strength difference of reflected signal because of the reflectivity difference of object, after handling through automatic peak value control loop 30, the amplitude of its output pulse wave will keep definite value, therefore after handling via amplifying circuit 40 and one shots 50, the problem that changes the time deviation (timing jitter) that produces because of amplitude can solve.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 8 (A), even in the reflectivity difference of identical distance with the work object, cause the reflected signal strength that receives also different, therefore through behind the amplifying circuit 40, its output signal has the different variation of intensity, C curve is represented high reflectance object as shown in FIG., the D curve then is the signal of the low reflectance object of representative through amplifying circuit 40 outputs, output signal C ' among Fig. 8 (B) and D ' are the caused time deviation of output (timingjitter) of the comparer of correspondence, yet after passing through automatic peak value control loop 30 again, the amplitude width of its output pulse wave then all remains certain value, and then the problem of time deviation (timing jitter) can solve thus.
Refer again to shown in Figure 1ly, this time is made up of a R-S flip-flop 61, a linear-charging circuit 62 and an A/D converter 63 amplitude change-over circuit 60.
The trigger pip of the output pulse signal of aforementioned one shots 50 and microprocessor 70 send into R-S flip-flop 61 handle control (detailed circuit as shown in figure 10) transistor switch Q9 in the linear charging circuit 62 by its positive output end output trigger pip in back (the detailed circuit structure please refer to shown in Figure 9) conducting whether, and the pulsewidth of this trigger pip be with laser range finder transmit and received signal becomes a proportional relation its time delay.
Linear-charging circuit 62 includes a constant current source 621 again, when the start pulse signal turn-on transistor Q9 of R-S flip-flop 61, electric current is flowed through transistor Q9 to capacitor C 23 chargings, therefore can learn the pulsewidth of start pulse signal by the voltage of capacitor C 23, and wherein an operational amplifier OP4 is as a buffer amplifier, and another operational amplifier OP5 does gain and compensation adjustment to A/D converter 63.
By operational amplifier OP5 output voltage, after being digital signal with the voltage transitions of capacitor C 23, A/D converter 63 sends into microprocessor 70 again, read the distance that digital signal calculates object by microprocessor 70, be shown in again on the LCD 80, and finish distance measuring, simultaneously microprocessor 70 is sent a reset signal at once and is given linear-charging circuit 62 after reading the output digital signal of A/D converter 63, is zero with the voltage discharge of capacitor C 23.This time to the sequential chart of amplitude change-over circuit 60 as shown in figure 11, wherein a representative transmits, and b represents received signal, and c represents the output of R/S flip-flop 61, d represents the charged state of linear-charging circuit 62, and e then represents the reset signal of being sent by microprocessor 70.
Please refer to shown in Figure 12, be to be another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the different variation designs that are in automatic peak value control loop 30 with last embodiment, as the integrating circuit 33 in the middle of this automatic peak value control loop 30 is to be replaced by one group of A/D converter 36 and D/A converter 37, wherein between the output terminal that is connected in peak holding circuit 32 and microprocessor 70 of this A/D converter 36, deliver to microprocessor 70 after will transferring digital signal to by the simulating signal of peak holding circuit 32 outputs, by microprocessor 70 this digital signal referential data inner with it made comparisons the back and revised the size of this signal automatically, replaced the function of original integrating circuit 33 thus.And the signal that will be revised later by microprocessor 70 again exports D/A converter 37 to, exports high-voltage power circuit 34 to after the digital signal that will be exported by D/A converter is converted to simulating signal.
By the above, the invention has the advantages that the size that obtains received signal via automatic peak value control loop, via integrating circuit control high-voltage power circuit, with the gain of change collapse light detector and the transmit signal strength of driving circuit, make its intensity that reflects received signal of object be definite value for different reflectivity, then the problem of time deviation (timing jitter) will be excluded degree of accuracy thereby raising.
In sum, the present invention design can be increased to 1 centimeter with the distance measuring degree of accuracy of laser range finder, possesses obvious effect and promotes, and is in fact one to have the design of industrial utilization, and therefore, the present invention meets the patent of invention important document, so file an application in accordance with the law.
Claims (6)
1. high-precision laser range finder includes:
One drive circuit is to drive an infrared laser diode pair object transponder pulse signal;
One amplifying circuit is that the pulse signal that will reflect amplifies;
One one shots is to transfer the voltage signal that aforementioned amplifying circuit is exported to clock signal;
One time was the output terminal that is connected to aforementioned one shots to the amplitude change-over circuit, was that clock signal is converted to digital signal;
One microprocessor is with the aforementioned time amplitude change-over circuit and driving circuit to be connected, and controlling the triggering opportunity of aforementioned driving circuit, and provides reset signal to give this time to the amplitude change-over circuit;
One display is to be connected with aforementioned microprocessor, and the distance measuring result of calculation of microprocessor is shown; It is characterized in that, wherein also comprise:
One automatic peak value control loop is the pulse signal that reflected of receiving target thing and the output pulse signal intensity of controlling aforementioned driving circuit.
2. high-precision laser range finder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this automatic peak value control loop includes:
One collapse light detector is that the light signal that will sense transfers current signal output to;
One signal receiving circuit is the current signal that receives aforementioned collapse light detector, and is converted to voltage signal;
One peak holding circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this signal receiving circuit, and the peak value of its voltage signal is fixed;
One integrating circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this peak holding circuit, and its output voltage signal and a reference voltage are relatively obtained a voltage difference, and this voltage difference is done integral action;
One high-voltage power circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this integrating circuit, and its output terminal then is connected with aforementioned driving circuit and signal receiving circuit, the transmit signal strength of control Driver Circuit, and the gain of collapse light detector.
3. high-precision laser range finder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this automatic peak value control loop includes:
One collapse light detector is that the light signal that will sense transfers current signal output to;
One signal receiving circuit is the current signal that receives aforementioned collapse light detector, and is converted to voltage signal;
One peak holding circuit is the output terminal that is connected to this signal receiving circuit, and the peak value of its voltage signal is fixed;
One A/D converter is the output terminal that is connected to this peak holding circuit, and its output voltage signal is converted to digital signal delivers to microprocessor;
One D/A converter is the output terminal that is connected to microprocessor, and is simulating signal with the conversion of signals that microprocessor is sent;
One high-voltage power circuit is the simulating signal that the output terminal that is connected to this D/A converter receives its output, and its output terminal then is connected with aforementioned driving circuit and signal receiving circuit, the transmit signal strength of control Driver Circuit, and the gain of collapse light detector.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described high-precision laser range finders, it is characterized in that this time includes the amplitude change-over circuit:
One flip-flop, its input end is connected with the output terminal and the microprocessor of one shots, determines its output clock signal width by one shots and microprocessor;
One linear-charging circuit is that the output clock signal with flip-flop is converted to voltage signal output;
One A/D converter is that the voltage signal with this linear-charging circuit is converted to the digital signal input microprocessor.
5. high-precision laser range finder according to claim 4 is characterized in that, this driving circuit sees through a polarization optical splitter, and the pulse signal of launching is closed optical processing.
6. high-precision laser range finder according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this flip-flop is a R-S flip-flop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011158395A CN1177233C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-precision laser range finder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011158395A CN1177233C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-precision laser range finder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1384371A CN1384371A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| CN1177233C true CN1177233C (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011158395A Expired - Fee Related CN1177233C (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | High-precision laser range finder |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1177233C (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1329744C (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2007-08-01 | 北京理工大学 | Accumulating short and medium range finding method with pulse laser |
| JP4828167B2 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2011-11-30 | 株式会社 ソキア・トプコン | Distance measuring apparatus and method |
| CN101256237B (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-10-19 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Infrared ranging system and method for power tool |
| EP2677340A1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-25 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Distance measuring method using dynamic pulse width adaptation |
| CN103017729A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 王振兴 | Method for improving precision of laser range finder |
| CN107218919A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-29 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of astronomical observation telescope based on light wave red shift |
| CN107957582B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-07-06 | 南京理工大学 | Distance measuring device and distance measuring method based on constant threshold discrimination method |
| CN115372942A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-11-22 | 北京微厘光电技术有限公司 | Echo processing circuit of laser range finder |
-
2001
- 2001-05-09 CN CNB011158395A patent/CN1177233C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1384371A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
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Granted publication date: 20041124 Termination date: 20120509 |