CN100335864C - 用于显示器的背光系统 - Google Patents

用于显示器的背光系统 Download PDF

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CN100335864C
CN100335864C CNB038210711A CN03821071A CN100335864C CN 100335864 C CN100335864 C CN 100335864C CN B038210711 A CNB038210711 A CN B038210711A CN 03821071 A CN03821071 A CN 03821071A CN 100335864 C CN100335864 C CN 100335864C
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light
diffusing globe
back light
scattering angle
light system
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CN1678888A (zh
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王三庄
加金德拉·D·萨万特
杰弗里·A·兰恩
马克·本纳汉斯
里克·L·希尔
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Luminit LLC
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Physical Optics Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0016—Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0215—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having a regular structure
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
    • G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
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    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
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    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/757—Moulds, cores, dies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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Abstract

一种LED为基础的背光系统，所述背光系统提供优良的亮度和均匀性，所述均匀性适于高性能的彩色和高分辨率便携式显示器(例如PAD和手机)。披露了多种不同但相似的实施例。一些适用于多个LED(30)，一些适用于单一LED(12)。在第一实施例中，多个LED与光管(14)的输入边缘相邻定位。输入边缘包括固定间距的凹槽以在一个方向上传播LED的光，所述方向在整个区域上朝光管的底面近似成一个角度。光管(32)底面也具有用于把LED的光改变成朝向光管的上表面的凹槽，在所述上表面光从光管射出而朝向观看者。漫射器(42)以所选择的水平和垂直的角度散射而分配射出的光，并且光膜成形。在第二实施例中，第二LSD定位在光膜的上面。在第三实施例中，LSD带包括缩短的LSD，其定位在相邻输入边缘的光管的下面以更好地减少在LED附近的亮斑。

Description

用于显示器的背光系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种背光系统，更确切地说，涉及一种使用一种或多种光源(例如发光二极管、荧光灯和激光器)的高亮度、强度均匀的背光系统。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是在2000年9月7日申请的专利申请号09/656681的部分延续申请。
背景技术
背光系统现在被用于多种显示用途，例如个人数字助理(PDA)、汽车音频元件、显示器和照明以及手机。背光通过更好地在较亮的背景上对比显示图形而增加显示器的有效性。背光系统的性能基于包括亮度、表观均匀光分布、定向视域和用电在内的标准。后面的特性对便携式、电池驱动的应用(例如PDA和手机的显示屏)特别重要，在所述PDA和手机显示屏上，用电直接影响电池寿命。由于PDA和手机的显示屏随着彩色图形和更高的分辨率的增加变得更奇异，所以对高亮度、均匀而低用电的背光系统的需求已经变得更急切。
典型的现有技术的背光系统使用象荧光灯等的光源。遗憾的是，这种灯需要复杂的光耦合器以仅在单一的方向上引导光，例如进入光管或光波导内以显示全内反射(TIR)。这种灯也有相对高的用电、低耐用性和短的寿命以及以每100小时1％的速率能量的损失的缺点。此外，把光耦合至光管而不产生暗区或暗线(dark zone or line)经常是困难的，这减损了背光的理想的均匀性和显示器的美观性。
因此，很希望能够提供一种背光系统，所述背光系统通过克服现有技术的传统的耦合要求、暗区、高用电和寿命局限而提供对这些缺点的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的优选实施例包括LED基背光系统，所述背光系统为高性能彩色和高分辨率便携式显示器(例如PDA和手机)提供极好的亮度和均匀性。其中除了相干光和非相干光，本发明也可以使用其他光源的荧光灯。披露了多种不同但相似的实施例。一些适用于多个发光二级管，一些适用于单个发光二级管，一些适用于荧光或其它光源。每个都显示优越的亮度并且每一个都解决亮斑(hot spot)或暗区的问题，所述亮斑或暗区能减损在整个背光区获得光强度的均匀分布。而且，因为每一个这种实施例特别被设计成以一个或更多个LED作为光源来运行，不需要耦合器，寿命较长，耐用性高，并且用电较小。
在第一个这种实施例中，多个LED与光管的输入边相邻地定位。输入边包括固定间距的凹槽以沿其整个区域在一个方向上传播LED的光，所述方向朝向光管的底面成角度。光管底面可以具有凹槽以把LED的光朝向光管的上表面转换方向，在所述光管的上表面上光脱离光管而射向观看者。光管底表面也可以由丝网光点图形或全息的表面结构制成。光管的出射面的外部容纳光成形漫射器(LSD)和其它漫射器或光膜。漫射器作为以所选择的水平和垂直角度漫射和分配出射光，并且光膜使光强度分布成为一定形状以朝向观看者达到最佳亮度。
在第二实施例中，第二LSD定位在光膜的上面。在第三实施例中，包含缩短的LSD的LSD带定位在邻近输入边的光管下面以更好地减小LED附近的亮斑。在第四实施例中，在下面并连续至光管的第二LSD代替上述的底面凹槽。在第五实施例中，小LSD在输入边代替固定凹槽。在第六实施例中，在凹槽光管的上表面处仅使用一个LED，在光管的上表面处使用固定角或可变角LSD。在第七实施例中，也使用单一LED方案，第二固定角LSD加在第六实施例的可变LSD的上面。这种LSD也可以作为背光光膜的整体部分注模。第六和第七实施例的光管使用圆形凹槽。本发明的光成形漫射器的重要特征是他们的定向性、可控的散射、均匀的特性和漫射角的连续变动，所述漫射角的连续变动没有断开线地促进均匀背光分布。
附图说明
在参照如下附图详细说明优选实施例后，本发明的上述目的和优势以及其它的目的和优势将得到更充分的理解。
图1是本发明的单一LED方案的俯视图；
图2是多个LED方案的俯视图；
图3是第一实施例的解剖侧视图；
图4是第二实施例的解剖侧视图；
图5是第三实施例的解剖侧视图；
图6是第四实施例的解剖侧视图；
图7是第五实施例的解剖侧视图；
图8是第六实施例的解剖侧视图；
图9是第七实施例的解剖侧视图；
图10是具有恒定漫射角的固定角矩形漫射器表面的简化图；
图11是具有可变漫射角的可变矩形漫射器表面的简化图；
图12是相似于图11，但说明另一个漫射角变量；
图13是也相似于图11，但仍说明另一个漫射角变量；
图14是具有恒定漫射角的固定角半圆形漫射器表面的简化图；
图15是在不同半径或径向段具有可变的漫射角的可变半圆形漫射器表面的简化图。
图16是相似于图15，但说明另一个漫射角变量；
图17是在不同的角形段具有可变的漫射角的可变半圆形漫射器表面的简化图；
图18是相似于图17，但说明另一个漫射角方案；
图19是相似于图15和17的一个方案，但在不同半径和不同段具有可变漫射角；
图20是用于制造可变漫射器的制造仪器的方框图；和
图21-23说明用于产生不同漫射角的漫射器控制的图20装置的多种构造。
具体实施方式
参照附图，特别是图1和图2，可以看出，说明本发明的两个基本的实施例的俯视图。在图1的角照亮(corner-lit)背光实施例中，单一LED12位于光管14的一个拐角，对角地在光管中传播光。定位在光管14的底表面上的圆形失真凹槽贯穿可视对角线(viewing diagonal)的整个长度。反射膜搁在底表面的外部上并且波型光成形漫射器搁在光管的上表面上。
在图2的边缘照亮(edge-lit)实施例中，多个LED30相邻光管32定位，后者在底面上具有线性失真凹槽，并且贯穿光管的长度。一小块缩短的漫射器相邻在底面下面的光管的输入边缘定位。反射膜和漫射器完成了这个结构，漫射器放置在光管的上表面。漫射器结构可是恒定或可变的特性。缩短的漫射器42通过更均匀地传播光而帮助消除亮斑和在紧邻LED的光管区域的不规则，否则可能产生交替的亮斑和暗斑。在缩短的漫射器外的凹槽可是对漫射器产生影响。
图3说明图2的多路LED实施例的一个方案。在图3中，我们看到相似于图2的基本方案，但是在光管44下面没有缩短的漫射器。图3所示的方案的主要变量是在光管44内或上的LSD40的角度特性。每一个都在一个方向上(主)使用角度范围在10E至80E的常角LSD，并在正交方向(次)上使用角度范围在0.2E至10E的常角LSD。反射器38是涂银或其他高反射金属的薄膜。例如，光膜48是一种由日本三菱出售的人造纤维光膜。输入凹槽43可以被用于传播LED的光进入光管44。在图4的方案中，凹槽34从光管44中被省略，改为第二LSD层45被随即定位在光滑的底面46下面。LSD45提供弯曲和校准作用以向LSD45和光膜48重新分配LED的光。图5的方案相似于图3，但是使用输入LSD50由图3来代替凹槽。图6说明图2方案并没有修改。图7说明在光膜48上面添加第二全LSD层54。图7的实施例说明了与每一个其他实施例相比最平均的亮度，因此构成本发明的现预期的Abest模式@。图6和图7实施例的每一个全长度LSD也可以包括一个漫射角，所述漫射角在整个漫射器长度上是变化的，在下文中参照图11-13将被说明。
图8和9说明单一角照亮背光装置(例如图1所示)图8的方案使用具有30E×1E至65E×1E的可变漫射角的单一LSD22。图9的方案添加3E主漫射角的固定角全长LSD36。每一个可变漫射器优选地是圆形角变量，例如如图15-19的实例所示，同时图9的固定角LSD具有图14的圆形构造。其它漫射角也是预期的。
本发明的其它实施例也是可预期的。通过实例，定位在光管上的LSD＝s可替代地作成光管的整体表面结构。而且，凹槽34在整体或部分上可替代为漫射器、点距阵结构或丝网结构。
请注意图10-19，所述图10-19说明了多种漫射器构造，所述构造能根据本发明的背光系统而更有利地使用。图10说明在它的整个表面上具有恒定漫射角的普通矩形漫射器。在所述实例中，漫射角是在一个方向上(即主方向)的60E和在另一个方向(即次方向)的0.5E。其它漫射角也可根据理想的光分布而确定。
由于漫射角在漫射器的长度上是变化的，所以图11-13的矩形漫射器每一个都是可变的。例如，图11所示的方案主漫射角在其中部周围从5E逐渐递增加，在两末端处逐渐递增至60E。图13的漫射器在中部具有60E主漫射角，并且在两末端逐渐降低至5E。图14说明在整个表面上固定漫射角(即60E×1E)的半圆形漫射器。图15说明可变角半圆形漫射器的实例，其中漫射器构造具有离散的径向段，每段具有特定的漫射角。在图15所说明的实施例中，在中心段的漫射角是30E×1E，但是它在最外端的径向段逐渐降低至5E×1E。图16说明相似的漫射器构造，但是具有5E×1E的中心段和50E×1E的最外段。此处所示的主和次角的每一个仅是说明性的并且实际上可是任何选择的角度。
在半圆形或全圆形漫射器中的漫射角也能构造成在如图17和18所示的离散角形段上发生。在图17中，具有离散漫射角从左增加至右，即在最左端位置的5E角形段和在最右端位置的70E角形段。图18说明角形段中的相同类型的漫射角变量。图19说明在径向和角形段上的另一个圆形漫射器变量，其中漫射角在最外端角和径向段处为30E×1E，但在中心径向段降低至10E×1E。
这种漫射器的制造可通过使用图20-23所示的装置进行。图20说明整个装置，所述整个装置可被用于制造用于本发明的背光系统的固定的和可变角的无缝光成形漫射器。此装置包括在所选择的相对位置(A、B)上的激光器和光学器件(M1、M2、SF、CYL)，以提供在水平狭缝处一个窄而校准的激光狭缝束，参照图21的II方框60。通常1mm的狭缝通过狭缝尺寸的变化而确定了漫射器的次角。然后K方框62用于控制漫射器的优角，V方框64用于产生无缝边界。当在下面的固定器68提供漫射器母机的被控制的X和Y方向的运动时旋转台组件66用于产生圆形段变量。图21的构造用于产生图15-19所示的类型的可变圆形(或波形)漫射器。通过仅去除图22中的K方框62，那么相同的装置用于制造用于常角圆形(或波形)漫射器(例如如图14所示的)的母机(master)。通过仅去除V方框64而没有运行图23所示的旋转台66，相同的装置用于制造可变漫射角(例如图11-13所示的那些漫射器)的矩形漫射器母机。仅运行II-方框60而没有旋转台66将导致图10所示的类型固定角矩形漫射器。控制漫射器特性的可变面罩的使用进一步由受让人在2000年2月27提交的审理中美国申请号09/517240的说明，所述申请关于用于扫描仪上的可变扩散母机的制造。此申请的内容与在此处充分阐述以并入作为参考。
基于上述内容，应该理解，本发明属于构造用于主要具有一个或多个LED光源的背光系统以达到更好的亮度、更大的均匀的光分布，提高耐用性和减小用电。而且，也应该理解，此处披露的本发明在部件和结构的简化上是独一无二的。与现有技术的背光系统不同，不需要笨重的或复杂的结构把光源定向至光管或确保在一定最大入射角内光进入光管。另外，应该理解，虽然此处已经披露了多种可替代的实施例，但是也可具有所述的益处容易地进行修改或添加。通过实例，这所示的分离部件(例如LSD、光管等)多种元件也可整合成统一结构，例如把LSD制入光管的出射面或把光管的相对面用镜层覆盖。因此，本发明的范围不限于所说明的实施例，而是由所附权利要求和它的等效物所确定。

Claims (25)

1.一种背光系统，包括：
至少一个LED；
光管，所述光管具有用于接收所述LED发出的光的输入表面和用于把所述光的方向朝向出射面改变的光弯曲表面；
反射材料层，所述反射材料层定位在所述光管的所述光弯曲表面下面；
可变漫射角光成形漫射器，所述光成形漫射器定位在所述光管的所述出射面的上面，以控制所述光管的所述出射面发出的光的分布；
所述光成形漫射器具有无缝漫射器图形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的背光系统，进一步包括光成形漫射器的缩短的带，所述带相邻所述输入表面定位，并位于所述光管下面，所述光弯曲表面和所述反射材料层之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的背光系统，其中所述至少一个LED大体与所述输入表面相邻定位。
4.根据权利要求2所述的背光系统，进一步包括光膜，所述光膜定位在所述光成形漫射器的上面，以改变所述漫射器发出的光强度的变量。
5.根据权利要求2所述的背光系统，其中所述输入表面包括被选择尺寸和间距的凹槽。
6.根据权利要求2所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在大体它的整个表面上包括恒定漫射角。
7.根据权利要求2所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器包括以选择的方式在所述漫射器的表面上变化的漫射角。
8.根据权利要求7所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在形状上大体为矩形。
9.根据权利要求7所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在形状上大体为圆形。
10.根据权利要求9所述的背光系统，其中漫射角沿所述圆形的角形段变化。
11.根据权利要求9所述的背光系统，其中漫射角沿所述圆形的径向段变化。
12.一种背光系统，其用于在电子显示器上提供大体明亮而均匀的背景光；此系统包括：
光源，所述光源包括至少一个发光二极管；
光波导，所述光波导与所述光源相邻定位并具有一个表面，所述表面构造成改变从所述光源进入所述波导的光的方向以在整个出射面传播；和
可变漫射角光成形漫射器，所述光成形漫射器位于通过所述出射面的光的光路上，所述漫射器具有无缝漫射器图形。
13.根据权利要求12所述的背光系统，进一步包括镜子，所述镜子与相对所述出射面的所述波导的另一面相邻定位；
光成形漫射器的缩短的带，所述带定位在所述波导和所述镜子之间，并邻近所述光源。
14.根据权利要求13所述的背光系统，进一步包括光膜，所述光膜在所述光成形漫射器的上面定位，以改变在所述漫射器发出的光强度变量。
15.根据权利要求13所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在大体它的整个表面上包括恒定漫射角。
16.根据权利要求13所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器包括以选择的方式在所述漫射器的表面上变化的漫射角。
17.根据权利要求16所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在形状上大体为矩形。
18.根据权利要求16所述的背光系统，其中所述光成形漫射器在形状上大体为圆形。
19.根据权利要求18所述的背光系统，其中漫射角沿所述圆形的角形段变化。
20.根据权利要求18所述的背光系统，其中漫射角沿所述圆形的径向段变化。
21.根据权利要求13所述的背光系统，其中所述光波导包括输入表面，所述输入表面包括选择的尺寸和间距的凹槽。
22.根据权利要求13所述的背光系统，其中所述波导包括光成形漫射器形式的输入表面。
23.一种背光系统，包括；
光源；
光波导，所述光波导与所述光源相邻定位以从光源接收光并通过所述光波导的出射面传播光；和
可变漫射角光成形漫射器，其定位在所述波导出射面发出的光的光路上以控制所述波导发出的光的分布；
其中所述光成形漫射器包括无缝漫射器图形。
24.根据权利要求23所述的背光系统，其中所述漫射器图形是圆形的。
25.根据权利要求23所述的背光系统，其中所述所述漫射器作为所述波导的整体部分在所述出射面上制成。
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CA2495531A1 (en) 2004-02-05
CN1678888A (zh) 2005-10-05
US6733147B2 (en) 2004-05-11
AU2003261275A1 (en) 2004-02-16
TWI263755B (en) 2006-10-11
TW200401870A (en) 2004-02-01
EP1540287A4 (en) 2006-01-18
WO2004011885A1 (en) 2004-02-05
US20030016521A1 (en) 2003-01-23
CA2495531C (en) 2013-01-08

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