CH715044B1 - System for extracting water from a water reservoir, with a depth-adjustable extraction system. - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for extracting water from a water reservoir is described, with an extraction system which has a pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 7) with a water extraction point (2) which is to be arranged in the water reservoir. The extraction system is depth-adjustable, the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) being flexible enough to be able to change the depth of the water extraction point (2) and the extraction system having a device for adjusting the depth of the water extraction. In order to minimize the deposit of particles and the growth of organisms and thus to maintain a low hydraulic resistance, the system has a dosing line, which is provided with a smaller diameter than the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) and parallel to the pipeline (1.1, 1.2 , 1.3) which opens into the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) immediately behind the sampling point (2) and enables the dosing of an agent.

Description

The invention relates to a system for extracting water from a water reservoir, with an extraction system which has a pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 7) with a water extraction point (2), which is to be arranged in the water reservoir.

State of the art

Various systems have been established for taking water from surface waters (e.g. lakes, dams, rivers, other water reservoirs or also from seas and oceans) in order to optimize the water quality and operation and to simplify maintenance work. The functionality of a water extraction system can be evaluated by the following factors: Height adjustability: Possibility to take raw water from the qualitatively best water layer. The water quality changes in surface waters, especially in lakes and dams, in the vertical profile. Particles, cloudy matter, microorganisms or other substances may get into the water as a result of rain events. Due to the prevailing hydrodynamic conditions, these occur with varying degrees of intensity over time and location. The water quality in the various water layers also changes over the course of the year due to temperature fluctuations, solar radiation and wind. At the bottom of the lake in particular, the oxygen concentration can drop sharply as a result of microbiological degradation processes. Due to anoxic conditions, different substances can be reduced, which are usually present in dissolved form in the water. This applies in particular to manganese, which in the case of drinking water treatment must be removed in a separate process step in order to protect other system components.

Another advantage of being able to adjust the height is access to the extraction line. The deeper the tapping point is, the more difficult maintenance and cleaning work becomes. If the sampling line can be raised to the water surface, work on the sampling line can be carried out there. Cleaning and maintenance of the extraction strainer: Extraction lines are often equipped with an extraction strainer / extraction basket at the inlet point for the water. This strainer is used to prevent larger particles and fish and other animals from entering the extraction line. The extraction strainer / extraction basket must be checked and cleaned regularly. Access to the extraction strainer / extraction basket becomes more difficult with increasing depth and may have to be done with divers or diving robots, which entails physiological and technical difficulties and thus high costs. If, on the other hand, there is the possibility of raising the strainer / basket to the surface of the water, checking, maintenance and also replacing the strainer / basket are significantly simplified. Possibility of pigging: Due to deposits on the inner pipe walls, withdrawal lines must be pigged or otherwise cleaned if necessary. Pigging is the displacement of the contents of a pipe using a body (pig) inserted into the pipeline with the aim of cleaning the pipeline. The pig is pushed through the pipeline with a liquid. Lines that are laid as straight as possible without narrow pipe bends or other installations that change the diameter of the pipe are particularly suitable for pigging. If a pre-filter or strainer is used, it must be removed for pigging the pipeline. The dismantling of the extraction strainer / extraction basket is significantly simplified with a height-adjustable extraction line, which can be lifted up to the water surface. In addition, the piggings (residues removed from the pipeline) and the pig can be salvaged on the water surface. Structural Complexity and Costs: All additional structures and movable structures cause additional design, construction and maintenance costs. However, these should not outweigh the benefits achieved from the additional effort. Corrosion: sampling lines must be corrosion-resistant to the quality of the water passed through.

Despite some advantages of the various established systems, these are accompanied by disadvantages, which are listed below.

[0005] Fixed depth extraction tower: No possibility to adjust the raw water withdrawal from the qualitatively best water layer. Maintenance and cleaning work must be carried out at the extraction depth. To do this, divers or diving robots must be used, which entails physiological and technical difficulties and causes high costs. Pigging not possible up to the strainer or the removal strainer must be dismantled beforehand.

[0006] Withdrawal tower as a structure: No steplessly adjustable removal depth. Cleaning the extraction strainer is difficult. Pigging not possible up to the strainer or the removal strainer must be dismantled beforehand. Erection of the structure on the water bed is cost-intensive.

[0007] Variable removal arm with joint: Complex construction with joints or compensators. A complex lifting device must be installed. The range of depth adjustment is limited. The larger the available area, the larger and more complex the lifting device must be designed. Not piggable. Increased hydraulic resistance due to changes in flow direction and compensators. Very high cost.

Object and solution of the invention

Object of the invention: The disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above are to be avoided. In doing so, it should be made possible to adjust the extraction depth steplessly in a cost-effective manner and to raise the extraction point for maintenance and cleaning work to the water surface.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a system for extracting water from a water reservoir of the type mentioned in that the extraction system is depth-adjustable, the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) being sufficiently flexible to the depth of the water extraction point ( 2) to be able to change and wherein the extraction system has a device for adjusting the depth of water extraction.

According to the invention, the system has a dosing line, which is provided with a smaller diameter than the pipeline and is guided parallel to the pipeline, which opens into the pipeline immediately behind the sampling point and enables the metering of an agent.

Among other things, the following advantages are achieved: 1) The height of the water withdrawal is continuously adjustable, so that water can be withdrawn from the qualitatively best layer of water.

Due to the execution of the pipeline from a flexible material, the depth of the sampling point can be adjusted with the aid of one or more sinking bodies and/or buoyancy bodies. The sinking bodies and/or buoyancy bodies are not absolutely necessary if the specific weight of the pipe material is so low that the line floats on its own even when full.

In order to control the buoyancy of the pipeline, one or more floats can be filled with air or a gas or flooded with water (or another liquid).

The sink body or bodies are attached to the extraction line. One or more support points are optionally placed at the bottom, which are connected to the pipeline, for example with a cable, with which the depth of the extraction point can be adjusted using a cable winch. 2) Easy maintenance and cleaning at the water surface: Through the above advantage 1, the bleed area can be adjusted so that the bleed hole of the pipeline reaches the water surface. This means that all maintenance and cleaning work can be carried out with the help of a boat or a floating platform, for example.

[0015] If an extraction strainer/extraction basket is installed on the extraction line, it can be checked and/or cleaned/rinsed on the water surface or at a shallow depth.

By filling the entire extraction line with air or another gas, the line can be raised to the water surface over its entire length, for example to carry out repair work. 3) The water intake pipe is piggable: By the above advantage 2, the pipe can be lifted to the water surface. Any extraction strainer/extraction basket that may have been installed can be easily removed there so that there is free access to the entire pipe cross-section. This is a prerequisite for the pipeline to be continuously piggable. In addition, there is the possibility of catching the pig material and the pig on the water surface.

Since no bends or angles have to be installed in the pipeline and the pipeline is manufactured in one piece or is welded, the line is very well suited for cleaning by pigs. 4) Simple and cost-effective construction of the system: Because the sampling line is made of a flexible material and a system for depth adjustment (e.g. via a cable system with one or more holding points and one or more optional buoyancy and sinking bodies), no complex structures or mechanical ones are required lifting equipment required. Structural measures are limited, for example, to an optional fixation of a guide or control cable on the bottom of the body of water. 5) Consistently low hydraulic resistance: Since no bends or angles have to be installed in the pipeline, the hydraulic resistance is limited to the required minimum. The pipeline only changes direction when it is bent with a correspondingly large radius, which means that the flow is only slightly affected.

Furthermore, the hydraulic resistance is minimized if the pipeline is manufactured or welded in one piece and the weld beads are then removed. Flow shadows are thus avoided, which prevents the deposit of dirt, mussels, microorganisms or the like. These deposits or growths would further increase hydraulic resistance. The smoothest possible pipeline material also reduces the accumulation of particles or organisms. Both the removal of the welding beads and the design of the pipeline from a smooth material optimize the hydraulic flow conditions and reduce the pressure loss.

To further minimize the deposition of particles and the growth of organisms and thus the maintenance of a low hydraulic resistance, a dosing line with a smaller diameter is run parallel to the extraction line as another part of the system, which opens directly behind the extraction point in the extraction line. From the bank it is thus possible to continuously dose a dosing agent directly at the inlet area, which reduces or prevents contamination or growth of the line (conditioning).

[0020] In addition, for shock treatment of the pipeline with chemicals, another pipeline can be carried along, which also has a smaller diameter than the extraction line. For this operating state, the extraction opening must be closed manually or automatically so that a cleaning agent can be circulated through both pipelines using a pump. The used solution, including dirt, can be collected on the bank and treated accordingly.

To protect the body of water, media lines can be designed as double-walled lines if the dosing agent is water-polluting substances. 6) A very good combination with other methods for protecting the pipeline is possible (e.g. conditioning the water through dosing, circuit cleaning).

In developing the system according to the invention, the inventor has overcome the following technical difficulties in a way that is not obvious.

Various materials are used in pipeline construction, including metallic materials. plastics and composites. Some materials and material compositions are characterized by the fact that their shape is very flexible. Therefore, these pipes can be reversibly bent over a certain radius without being damaged. This property is often used in underground pipeline construction to run pipeline routes without additional angle pieces.

A special feature of this invention is the use of the flexible pipe material for another purpose, namely to - to achieve a permanent mobility of the pipeline - unlike in underground pipeline construction. As a result, moving parts such as joints and expansion joints, as would be the case with a rigid design, are not required. The flexible pipeline as a whole has sufficient mobility to be designed as a depth-adjustable water extraction system.

To set the extraction depth, a system was designed instead of a complex and costly lifting structure, which adjusts the specific weight of the pipeline and thus regulates the buoyancy. A buoyancy body can be used for this purpose, which is filled with air or another gas that reduces the specific weight and thus transports the sampling line towards the water surface. If a pipe material is selected that has a lower specific gravity than water, a buoyancy device is optional.

To lower the line and to fix its position, a system can be used in which there is an anchor on the bottom of the body of water and is connected via a pulley at the extraction point with a cable winch at a fixed location at the other end of the extraction line. In this way, the length of the rope between the extraction point and the anchoring on the ground, and thus the extraction depth, can be adjusted.

The line area, which should not be raised during regular operation, is fixed at the bottom of the water reservoir, e.g. using appropriate weights. With these and the optional anchoring, the position of the line is prevented from changing significantly due to currents.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

It is also proposed • that a pipe material is used, which has a lower specific weight than water, so that a buoyancy body is optional, • that a system is used to lower the line and to fix its position, in which a anchoring on the bottom of the body of water and connected via a deflection pulley at the extraction point to a cable winch at a fixed location at the other end of the extraction line, • that the line area, which should not be raised during normal operation, is fixed at the bottom of the water reservoir, e.g. using appropriate weights and/or the optional anchoring.

exemplary embodiments

In the following, several exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to drawings. In all drawings, the same reference numbers have the same meaning and are therefore only explained once where appropriate.

FIG. 1 shows a complete view of the water extraction system with extraction structure on the bank, FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the extraction line according to FIG. 1 in extraction operation, FIG ), FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the extraction point in a second embodiment with a cable winch (optional solution for adjusting the extraction depth) and FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the extraction line in a further embodiment in circulation mode (optional solution).

The structure and mode of operation of the system according to the invention for removing water from a water reservoir are explained in detail below: The water removal line 1 is shown in Figure 1 and in Figure 2 in three different positions, which is reflected in the fact that the Water extraction points are each at a different depth. In principle, all positions within the two limit positions 1.1 and 1.3 are conceivable, which is what characterizes the infinitely depth-adjustable water extraction system. There is thus the possibility of raising the water extraction point 2 to the water surface 10 and carrying out maintenance and cleaning work there.

[0033] Colanders or filter systems are usually used at the sampling point, which must be regularly checked, cleaned and replaced if necessary. Inspection, cleaning and replacement are greatly simplified when the sampling point is raised to the water surface.

[0034] Automatically backwashable filter systems can also be used at the extraction point, which are tied to shallow water depths in the backwash operation. These can be used in connection with the present invention without any problems.

To clean the inside of the pipeline, pigs are used in practice, which require a free cross-section of the pipe. Since strainers or filter systems are usually used at the extraction point, this free cross-section is not initially available. However, if the extraction point can be raised to the water surface, as in the example shown, the colander or filter can be removed there relatively easily. In this way, the extraction line can be pigged continuously and the pigged material can be collected depending on the requirements.

[0036] In addition, the system can be adjusted in such a way that the raw water extraction takes place in the qualitatively best water layer.

To set the extraction depth, a cable 3 is used in this embodiment, which is fixed to the ground (depending on the condition) or in a foundation by a cable anchor 4 . If the cable length is shortened, the extraction point moves down; if the cable length is lengthened, the extraction line can move up.

Depending on the choice of pipe material and its specific weight, the pipe floats on its own when full. The buoyancy of the line can also be controlled via a sinking body / buoyancy body that is either filled with air / gas or flooded with water.

In a pipeline material with a lower specific gravity than water, a float is optional, but recommended. Thus, there is also the possibility of moving the line to the water surface 10 in the event of deposits, shell growth or other incidents that increase the specific weight of the line.

Furthermore, in this example, only the front part of the sampling line is movable, the upper part is usually below the water surface. This can be achieved with one or more anchors or weights 5 of the upper, immovable section 7. The location of the anchor results from the maximum bending radius of the pipeline. The aim is that the freely movable pipe section can be bent to such an extent that the extraction depth between the ground and the water surface can be freely adjusted without excessively bending the pipe. These anchors, which separate the movable and the immovable pipe section from one another, can be fixed either in the bottom of the body of water or on weights, for example concrete bodies. The mass of the weights should be chosen so that the pipe floats on the water surface when filled with air. This means that the line can be checked, serviced, repaired and modified without the use of divers or diving robots.

At the upper end of the pipeline there is an extraction structure 8, e.g. with a pressure booster system, which promotes the raw water flow.

Figure 3 shows the front part of the extraction line, so the extraction point 2 in detail. The example does not show a strainer or a pre-filter system, which is recommended in practice, depending on the raw water quality. The optional cable 3 is fixed to the ground or to a foundation, possibly connected via a cable guide 11 to a deflection roller 12 fixed to the pipeline. The rope then runs parallel to the sampling line. For further cable guidance, the cable can be guided in a further pipeline 13 with a corresponding diameter. This pipeline can also be used to fill the buoyancy body with gas (e.g. compressed air). For this purpose, the deflection roller 12 is positioned in the buoyancy container 14 . The pipeline 13 thus ends directly in the buoyancy tank, where the rope is deflected downwards. The gas supply to the buoyancy container can optionally also be carried out separately. Due to the pressure-dependent volume of the gas in the buoyancy container, passive pressure equalization should be possible. An opening at the lower end of the buoyancy tank is sufficient for this purpose, through which the expanding gas can escape while the pipeline is being lifted. A means can be dosed preventively through the dosing line 18 in order to reduce or prevent the growth of organisms within the line. The dosing line opens into the extraction line immediately behind the extraction point.

Figure 4 shows the upper end of the pipe for the optional cable guide and the optional compressed air 13, this upper end of the pipe should be above the water surface. At the end of the pipeline is the optional compressed air connection 15 and an optional stuffing box 16 to prevent air from escaping from this end of the pipeline. The rope length and thus the removal depth can be adjusted from there using the optional rope winch 8.

[0044] Optionally, the possibility of a circulatory operation for intensive cleaning of the removal pipeline can be provided. For this purpose, a circulation line 17 is installed parallel to the extraction line. In order to set a circulation operation, as shown in FIG. 5, the withdrawal line is first raised to the water surface. In order to connect the pipe ends of the extraction line and the circulation line, the extraction strainer is first removed if necessary and then an adapter 20 is connected (e.g. flanged on). On the shore, the other two ends of the pipelines are also connected to each other and a pump is used to set up a circulation system and dose a cleaning solution into the pipeline. During the circuit operation, the cleaning solution is distributed in the pipes, which, for example, dissolves organic and inorganic growth and fights other organisms. The used cleaning solution, including the dirt load, can be rinsed out after cleaning is complete and collected on the bank and treated according to the requirements.

Comparative example: Plant according to the state of the art:

An example of a prior art water extraction line would be a regular line with a fixed extraction depth. This pipeline has no moving parts and is therefore also comparatively low in terms of your investment costs, but has the disadvantage that maintenance and cleaning work on the extraction strainers / extraction baskets that are usually required must be carried out by divers or diving robots. Physiological difficulties arise particularly at depths of more than 30 meters, which means that working under water is risky and very expensive. Filter systems that can be backwashed automatically can usually only be used technically and economically in shallow water depths of up to 20 m.

In summary, the most important features and advantages of the system according to the invention are as follows: Cost savings different removal depths possible (infinitely variable) Removal point can be moved up to the surface Continuous line without narrow pipe bends and with a constant diameter (without beads) very well suited for pigs The pig can be removed from the water surface Catching of pigged material on ship possible (if required) If necessary, the entire line can be raised to the water level (by filling the line with air), e.g. for repairs No corrosion when executed in polyethylene or materials with similar properties With a suitable choice of material, a smooth surface (avoids adhesion) when made of polyethylene or materials with similar properties.

Claims (10)

1. System for removing water from a water reservoir, with a removal system which has a pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 7) with a water extraction point (2), which is to be arranged in the water reservoir, the extraction system being depth-adjustable, the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is sufficiently flexible to be able to change the depth of the water extraction point (2) and the extraction system has a device for adjusting the depth of the water extraction, characterized, that the system has a dosing line (18), which is provided with a smaller diameter than the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) and is routed parallel to the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3), which runs directly behind the extraction point (2) into the Pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) opens and allows the metering of an agent. 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is flexible in such a way that the depth of the water extraction point (2) of the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) can be changed between the bottom of the water reservoir and the water surface (10) of the water reservoir. 3. Plant according to claim 1, characterized, that the device for adjusting the depth of the water withdrawal comprises one or more sinking bodies and/or buoyancy bodies (14) which are fastened to the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). 4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized, that in order to control the buoyancy of the pipeline, one or more said buoyancy bodies (14) can be filled with air or a gas and/or one or more said sinking bodies can be flooded with water or another liquid. 5. Plant according to claim 1, characterized, that the installation has one or more mounting points (4), which can be placed at the bottom of the water reservoir, which is or are connected to the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3), in particular with a cable (3), with which the depth of the extraction point (2) can be adjusted via a cable winch (9). 6. Plant according to claim 1, characterized, that the water extraction point (2) can be adjusted in such a way that the extraction opening of the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) reaches the water surface (10). 7. Plant according to claim 1, characterized, that the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is made from one piece or is welded and that the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) can be pigged. 8. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant comprises a circulation pipe (17) which has a smaller diameter than the pipe (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) and is connected to the pipe (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) by means of a fitting (20) in order to have a circulation operation to allow. 9. Plant according to claim 1 or 8, characterized, that the dosing line (18) and/or the circulation line (17) are designed as double-walled lines. 10. Plant according to claim 1, characterized, that the pipeline (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) can be raised to the water surface in order to collect pigging material and pigs on the water surface.